Knowledge Navigation Research Articles

Desert Ant (Melophorus bagoti) Dumpers Learn from Experience to Improve Waste Disposal and Show Spatial Fidelity.

The Central Australian red honey-pot ant Melophorus bagoti maintains non-cryptic ground-nesting colonies in the semi-desert habitat, performing all the activities outside the nest during the hottest periods of summer days. These ants rely on path integration and view-based cues for navigation. They manage waste by taking out unwanted food, dead nestmates, and some other wastes, typically depositing such items at distances > 5 m from the nest entrance, a process called dumping. We found that over multiple runs, dumpers headed in the same general direction, showing sector fidelity. Experienced ants dumped waste more efficiently than naive ants. Naive individuals, lacking prior exposure to the outdoor environment around the nest, exhibited much scanning and meandering during waste disposal. In contrast, experienced ants dumped waste with straighter paths and a notable absence of scanning behaviour. Furthermore, experienced dumpers deposited waste at a greater distance from the nest compared to their naive counterparts. We also investigated the navigational knowledge of naive and experienced dumpers by displacing them 2 m away from the nest. Naive dumpers were not oriented towards the nest in their initial trajectory at any of the 2 m test locations, whereas experienced dumpers were oriented towards the nest at all test locations. Naive dumpers were nest-oriented as a group, however, at the test location nearest to where they dumped their waste. These differences suggest that in red honey ants, learning supports waste disposal, with dumping being refined through experience. Dumpers gain greater spatial knowledge through repeated runs outside the nest, contributing to successful homing behaviour.

Matemáticas en el mundo árabe: Un recorrido por la edad de oro del saber

The history of Arabic mathematics is crucial to the development of mathematics. During the Islamic Golden Age (8th-14th centuries), Arab mathematicians made important contributions in algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and arithmetic, applying their knowledge in astronomy, navigation, and engineering. A significant advance was the introduction of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, which facilitated arithmetic operations. Prominent mathematicians such as Al-Khwarizmi, who developed methods for solving equations and wrote about algebra, and Omar Khayyam, known for his work in algebraic calculus, made fundamental contributions. Thabit ibn Qurra also contributed to geometry and number theory. In addition, Arabic mathematics preserved and translated works of ancient civilizations, which allowed the transmission of this knowledge to Europe and its influence on the Renaissance.

Accuracy, rationality and specialization in a generalized model of collective navigation.

Animal navigation is a key behavioural process, from localized foraging to global migration. Within groups, individuals may improve their navigational accuracy by following those with more experience or knowledge, by pooling information from many directional estimates ('many wrongs') or some combination of these strategies. Previous agent-based simulations have highlighted that homogeneous leaderless groups can improve their collective navigation accuracy when individuals preferentially copy the movement directions of their neighbours while giving a low weighting to their own navigational knowledge. Meanwhile, other studies have demonstrated how specialized leaders may emerge, and that a small number of such individuals can improve group-level navigation performance. However, in general, these earlier results either lack a full mathematical grounding or do not fully consider the effect of individual self-interest. Here we derive and analyse a mathematically tractable model of collective navigation. We demonstrate that collective navigation is compromised when individuals seek to optimize their own accuracy in both homogeneous groups and those with differing navigational abilities. We further demonstrate how heterogeneous navigational strategies (specialized leaders and followers) may evolve within the model. Our results thus unify different lines of research in collective navigation and highlight the importance of individual selection in determining group composition and performance.

Optimising Career Adaptability for Post-Internship Students Islamic Religious College: The Role of Work Values and Social Support

A discrepancy between individual values and social support received influences a low degree of career adaptability. This research 122 post-internship students enrolled at the State Islamic Religious College in Sumatra, Indonesia. Work Values Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) were employed as the research instruments using a quantitative design, and multiple regression analysis was adopted to analyse the data. The results showed a significant positive relationship between work values, social support, and career adaptability. Furthermore, the regression model predicted 64.1% of career adaptability, highlighting the synergistic effect of the variables. The results underscored the potential of career counselling interventions in empowering post-internship students by providing essential skills and knowledge for successful career navigation. Implications for career counselling were also discussed, and future analysis was suggested.

A study on dual quaternion based cooperative relative navigation of multiple UAVs with monocular vision-inertial integration

This paper addresses a cooperative relative navigation problem for multiple aerial agents, relying on visual tracking information between vehicles. The research aims to investigate a sensor fusion architecture and algorithm that leverages partially available absolute navigation knowledge while exploiting collaborative visual interaction between vehicles in mission flight areas, where satellite navigation-denied regions are irregularly located. To achieve this, the paper introduces a new approach to defining the relative poses of cameras and develops a corresponding process to secure the relative pose information. This contrasts with previous research, which simply linearized the relative pose information of aircraft cameras into navigation states defined in an absolute coordinate system. Specifically, the target pose in relative navigation is defined, and the pose of the camera and feature points are directly derived using dual quaternion representation, which compactly represents both translation and rotation. Furthermore, a mathematical model for the relative pose of the camera is derived through the dual quaternion framework, enabling an explicit pose formulation of relative navigation. The study investigates navigation performance in typical mission flight scenarios using an in-house high-fidelity simulator and quantitatively highlights the contributions of the proposed scheme by comparing the navigation error performance. Consequently, the proposed method demonstrates to have navigation accuracy in decimeter level even in GNSS-denied environments and an improved 3D Root Mean Square (RMS) error by 30% smaller than the conventional absolute navigation framework.

Enhancing Astronomical Literacy In Maritime Navigation: Impact Of Social Media and Citizen Science

This study investigates the influence of social media and citizen science initiatives on astronomical literacy and its application in maritime navigation among transportation cadets. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews and observational studies, the perceptions and practices of 40 cadets at a transportation institute in Jakarta were explored. The findings reveal that social media platforms play a significant role in enhancing navigational knowledge and skills among cadets, providing access to diverse educational resources and fostering engagement with astronomical content. Similarly, participation in citizen science projects positively impacts astronomical literacy, offering hands-on learning experiences that reinforce theoretical knowledge. Moreover, the research highlights the importance of promoting cultural competence in maritime education to prepare cadets for navigating in multicultural environments. By aligning educational curricula with international standards and embracing emerging technologies, educational institutions can better equip transportation cadets with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in the globalised maritime industry.

Interplay of wayfinding strategies in route repetition and route retracing.

This study explores the interplay of navigation strategies in route repetition (repeating a recently travelled route) and route retracing (returning to the start location of a recently travelled route). Specifically, we investigated how sequence knowledge contributes to route repetition and retracing. In the learning phase, participants passively transported along a route. In the test phase, they were then asked to repeat or retrace the route. Decision points were either presented in an order coherent with the learning phase (from start to destination in route repetition, or from destination to start in route retracing), or in a randomised order. As expected, participants performed better in route repetition than in route retracing. Performance declined when intersections were presented in a randomised order indicating that sequence knowledge contributed to route repetition and route retracing. Presenting intersections in an order coherent with learning boosted performance specifically on the first part of the route during route repetition. This effect was not observed during route retracing. These results show that sequence knowledge is utilised differently during route repetition and retracing. We argue that participants use a "sequence of turns" strategy alongside associating landmarks with direction changes during route repetition, and that it is unlikely that route retracing relies on the same type of sequence knowledge. Instead, we believe route retracing utilises knowledge about the sequence in which decision points are encountered. Overall, the findings highlight a complex interplay of different strategies in route repetition and retracing, shedding light on how navigators utilise sequence knowledge for effective navigation.

Recent Developments and Knowledge in Intelligent and Safe Marine Navigation

Marine navigation is the lifeblood of international trade and the global economy, facilitating over 80% of worldwide commerce [...]

TRANSPORT OF GOODS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A SELECTED SECTION OF TRANSPORT IN POLAND

The article presents the issue of the transport of goods in relation to sea transport. Sea transport has been known to mankind for a long time. Currently, maritime transport is not limited only to the transport of goods and/or passengers along sea routes, which are carried out between seaports using appropriately adapted means of transport. It is a branch of transport, which consists of a very good knowledge of navigation, highly specialized staff, and a wide range of containers for transporting various types of cargo, often requiring specialized conditions. In addition, sea transport is perfectly combined with intermodal transport, so that in the end, the transport process is the most beneficial for all participants, i.e., the customers, sellers, distributors, and manufacturers. The main purpose of the article was to present the volume of goods transported in this branch of transport. The article, after introducing the issue, presents the classification of sea vessels, refers to the market of maritime transport services and its conditions for further development, and analyzes the overall volume of goods transported in the seaports of Gdańsk and Gdynia against the background of other Polish seaports in the years 2011-2021.

Primary health care utilization in the first year after arrival by refugee sponsorship model in Ontario, Canada: A population-based cohort study.

Canada's approach to refugee resettlement includes government sponsorship, a pioneering private sponsorship model and a third blended approach. Refugees are selected and supported differently in each approach including healthcare navigation. Little is known about how well private sponsors facilitate primary care navigation and whether this changed during the large-scale 2015 Syrian resettlement initiative characterized by civic and healthcare systems engagement. Population-based cohort study of resettled refugees arriving in Ontario between April 1, 2008 and March 31, 2017, with one-year follow-up, using linked health and demographic administrative databases. We evaluated associations of resettlement model (GARs, Privately Sponsored Refugees [PSRs], and Blended-Visa Office Referred [BVORs]) by era of arrival (pre-Syrian and Syrian era) and by country cohort, on measures of primary care (PC) navigation using adjusted Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression. There were 34,591 (pre-Syrian) and 24,757 (Syrian era) resettled refugees, approximately half of whom were GARs. Compared with the reference group pre-Syrian era PSRs, Syrian PSRs had slightly earlier PC visits (mean = 116 days [SD = 90]) (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR] = 1.19, 95% CI 1.14-1.23). Syrian GARs (mean = 72 days [SD = 65]) and BVORs (mean = 73 days [SD = 76]) had their first PC visit sooner than pre-Syrian era PSRs (mean = 149 days [SD = 86]), with respective aHRs 2.27, 95% CI 2.19-2.35 and 1.89, 95% CI 1.79-1.99. Compared to pre-Syrian PSRs, Syrian GARs and BVORs had much greater odds of a CHC visit (adjusted odds ratios 14.69, 95% CI 12.98-16.63 and 14.08, 95% 12.05-16.44 respectively) and Syrian PSRs had twice the odds of a CHC visit. Less timely primary care and lower odds of a CHC visit among PSRs in the first year may be attributed to selection factors and gaps in sponsors' knowledge of healthcare navigation. Improved primary care navigation outcomes in the Syrian era suggests successful health systems engagement.

Resolving the 1886 White Terraces riddle in the Taupō Volcanic Zone

Among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, only the Great Pyramid of Giza survives. Yet there is another, older than the seven, that was found and then lost again in the 19th century and once more located by the research herein: the White Terraces, named Te Tarata by indigenous peoples, of the Taupō Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. The greatest geoscience and tourist attractions in the southern hemisphere were the siliceous Pink and White Terraces. European, American, and British tourists bypassed the calcareous terraces at Saturnia, Yellowstone, and Pamukkale for the long sea voyage down to New Zealand. The 1886 Mount Tarawera eruption buried the siliceous terraces, decimating their indigenous owners and their tourism. An eruption crater lake now occupies much of the Rotomahana Basin in the Taupō Volcanic Zone, leading to assumptions that the Terraces were lost. However, no evidence was produced. The indigenous Māori owners did not believe they were lost. Controversy ensued. The resolution of this controversy is of economic and cultural importance as well as scientific interest. In 2011, a joint New Zealand-American project claimed to have found the Pink and White Terraces underwater in crater lake but produced no sinter samples. Recently, their claims were refuted. In Europe, terrestrial survey documents were unearthed, including compass bearings to the terraces by the German geologist Ferdinand Hochstetter. His survey records were digitally repatriated, and the reconstruction of his 1859 survey showed that the terrace springs lay outside the eruption crater. This renewed research in the Rotomahana Basin which has resolved the controversy. By studying topography and with the aid of Māori navigation knowledge, the geographic coordinates of the White Terraces have been triangulated and lie on land, on the shoreline outside the 1886 crater. Surprisingly, this evidence demonstrates that the White Terraces could have been located after the 1886 eruption by observation of the Rotomahana Basin with mapping available since 1864. Exploration and excavation of the Terraces are now possible. Even if degraded by the 1886 eruption, the White Terraces may earn a World Heritage listing and a second life in global tourism.

Parents’ digital skills and their development in the context of the Corona pandemic

We investigate parents’ and guardians’ digital skills and the extent of their development in the context of the spread of the Corona epidemic. In addition, we sought to explore the differences in digital skills between parents and their employment status, age, and responsibility in teaching children. We sought to rely on the descriptive-analytical approach and prepared a scale of eight theoretical dimensions with the participation of 250 students’ Saudi parents. The application of the study was by online submission form (via Edit Submission). Our findings showed that there was a discrepancy in the performance of the sample, which was very high in the dimensions of operational skills, instrumental skills, and cognitive constructivism skills. There were also differences between the effect of computers on the instrumental skills and cognitive constructivism skills of the parents. Parents’ dependence on alternative digital sources in exploring for information, formulating knowledge, manipulating it, and criticizing. The learner can reach the cognitive level in a more flexible manner, which allows him to gain learning objectives. The knowledge navigation can be developed because of different online outdoor exercises and software familiar. This requires self-organization to search for appropriate knowledge to use in the renewal of the cognitive structure.

Maritime Cultural Heritage of Fishermen Communities in Kepulauan Sangkarrang Subdistrict, Makassar City, Indonesia

This research aims to document and analyze the maritime cultural heritage held by the fishing communities in the Kepulauan Sangkarrang district, Makassar city. Maritime cultural heritage encompasses various aspects, such as traditional knowledge of navigation, fishing techniques, traditional tools, and religious practices related to maritime activities. The research methods include field surveys, in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis. The collected data will be qualitatively analyzed to identify cultural patterns associated with the maritime life of the fishing communities. This research aims to uncover the maritime cultural heritage of the fishing communities in Kepulauan Sangkarrang Subdistrict, Makassar City, Indonesia. The main results include a profound understanding of local maritime traditions and their history, as well as an increased historical awareness among the local community. The primary conclusion is that the preservation of maritime culture can support sustainable tourism development and community empowerment. This research has the potential to make a significant contribution in the context of science and maritime cultural preservation.

Task-dependent Optimal Weight Combinations for Static Embeddings

A variety of NLP applications use word2vec skip-gram, GloVe, and fastText word embeddings. These models learn two sets of embedding vectors, but most practitioners use only one of them, or alternately an unweighted sum of both. This is the first study to systematically explore a range of linear combinations between the first and second embedding sets. We evaluate these combinations on a set of six NLP benchmarks including IR, POS-tagging, and sentence similarity. We show that the default embedding combinations are often suboptimal and demonstrate 1.0-8.0% improvements. Notably, GloVe’s default unweighted sum is its least effective combination across tasks. We provide a theoretical basis for weighting one set of embeddings more than the other according to the algorithm and task. We apply our findings to improve accuracy in applications of cross-lingual alignment and navigational knowledge by up to 15.2%.

Unsupervised hierarchical methodology of maritime traffic pattern extraction for knowledge discovery

Owing to the space–air–ground integrated networks (SAGIN), seaborne shipping has attracted increasing interest in the research on the motion behavior knowledge extraction and navigation pattern mining problems in the era of maritime big data for improving maritime traffic safety management. This study aims to develop a novel unsupervised methodology for feature extraction and knowledge discovery based on automatic identification system (AIS) data, allowing for seamless knowledge transfer to support trajectory data mining. The unsupervised hierarchical methodology is constructed from three parts: trajectory compression, trajectory similarity measure, and trajectory clustering. In the first part, an adaptive Douglas–Peucker with speed (ADPS) algorithm is created to preserve critical features, obtain useful information, and simplify trajectory information. Then, dynamic time warping (DTW) is utilized to measure the similarity between trajectories as the critical indicator in trajectory clustering. Finally, the improved spectral clustering with mapping (ISCM) is presented to extract vessel traffic behavior characteristics and mine movement patterns for enhancing marine safety and situational awareness. Comprehensive experiments are conducted and implemented in the Chengshan Jiao Promontory in China to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the novel methodology. Experimental results show that the proposed methodology can effectively compress the trajectories, determine the number of clusters in advance, guarantee the clustering accuracy, and extract useful navigation knowledge while significantly reducing the computational cost. The clustering results are further explored and follow the Gaussian mixture distribution, which can help provide new discriminant criteria for trajectory clustering.

Innovative Surgical Workshops Targeting Undergraduate, Premedical, and Medical Students.

Knowledge of anatomy and comprehensive body navigation is essential for operating specialties and the practice of medicine. Focused surgical anatomical training exposure at undergraduate and medical student levels aims to increase functional understanding of medical anatomy and draws an early exposure to surgical career fields while enhancing surgical confidence.

Research on Knowledge Navigation Model Based on Users’ Tolerance Zone During the Process of R&D Achievements Delivery

How to promote deep knowledge transfer and knowledge application during the process of R&D achievements delivery? This paper takes knowledge transfer as the research object. First of all, the path of knowledge transfer during the process of R&D achievements delivery is drawn. Next, the status of knowledge transfer is assessed by constructing users’ tolerance zone model by selecting key factors in the path of knowledge transfer. Empirical research finds the following conclusions: knowledge transfer experience[Formula: see text], knowledge transfer distance and knowledge transfer carrier have a positive influence on the actual service level of knowledge transfer. Knowledge transfer experience[Formula: see text], continuous strengthening behavior and knowledge service commitment have a positive impact on the ideal service level of knowledge transfer. Then, based on knowledge transfer path and users’ tolerance zone model, this paper explores the knowledge navigation model from the environment, main structure and transmission mode. Finally, from the perspective of knowledge transfer environment, knowledge transfer subject, knowledge transfer object and knowledge transfer mode, the relevant strategies were put forward to reduce knowledge retention, and promote the deep knowledge absorption and transformation during the process of R&D achievements delivery.

Breaking the Shell: Voyaging from Nuclear Refugees to People of the Sea in the Marshall Islands by Joseph H. Genz

Reviewed by: Breaking the Shell: Voyaging from Nuclear Refugees to People of the Sea in the Marshall Islands by Joseph H. Genz Julianne M. Walsh (bio) Breaking the Shell: Voyaging from Nuclear Refugees to People of the Sea in the Marshall Islands by Joseph H. Genz University of Hawai'i Press, 2018 BREAKING THE SHELL: Voyaging from Nuclear Refugees to People of the Sea in the Marshall Islands is a study of resilience and courage. Anthropologist Joseph Genz demonstrates the deepest appreciation of a Marshallese navigational community in this innovative and impressive volume. A reemergence of navigational knowledge and canoe-building skills after decades of decline is conveyed in sweeping context, detailed analysis, and personal anecdotes. The collaboration of Genz and Marshallese master navigators and their apprentices is nothing short of inspiring. With seventeen years' engagement (2003–2020) with the navigational community, Genz captures the resilience of a community irrevocably impacted by nearly a century of U.S. strategic interests, including twelve years of nuclear weapons testing. By centralizing the sacrifices, courage, and expertise of Captain Korent Joel, a Marshall Islander from Rongelap atoll (downwind of the nuclear tests), Genz offers a uniquely situated ethnography. Readers accompany Captain Korent as he strives to demonstrate and earn his identity as a master navigator, thus rejecting and reframing an identity imposed by U.S. imperialism and power. The title phrase, "Breaking the Shell" comes from the Marshallese expression, ruprup . Literally, breaking (ruprup) a shell (, also turtle shell), the phrase metaphorically refers to earning the ultimate recognition of accomplishment as a master navigator who comes out of a shell and into his own knowledge, experience, and understanding. Genz describes it as follows: "Through his own ruprup navigational trial, Captain Korent and a small group of surviving mariners from Rongelap and Bikini are, against one of the darkest hours in human history, 'breaking the shell' of their prime identity as nuclear refugees to begin recovering their most intimate connections to the sea" (5). Like the mariners he represents, Genz navigates the text with tremendous skill and knowledge. This volume not only addresses many facets of sailing, canoes, navigation, history, cultural knowledge and identity but also offers complex and competing histories of contact and colonialism; the devastating impacts of nuclear weapons testing; and the continuity of cultural [End Page 194] practices, values, and beliefs through a focus on the agency of Marshallese conveyed in moving accounts of courage. Accessible to a variety of readers, including those unfamiliar with the Marshall Islands, the text begins with a necessary and succinct overview of Pacific Islands settlement theories. The introduction leads to the most relevant conclusion of the volume: Pacific Islands were settled and explored intentionally, over centuries, by skilled sailors and navigators, including the gifted Marshall Islanders, whose unique navigational expertise is examined in later chapters. The notes, drawings, and interactions with Islanders of the early explorers in the region are covered thoroughly and succinctly. The emphasis on detailed foreign accounts recognizes Indigenous ingenuity and the innovation of Marshallese canoe builders, sailors, and navigators, who enabled vessels to sail close to the wind, at great speed, while avoiding being overturned by powerful seas. The unique asymmetrical hull of Marshallese sailing canoes is but one example of impressive Indigenous systems of knowledge (of aerodynamics, ocean physics, meteorology, and astronomy) passed down over generations. The text offers a broad context to appreciate the long trajectory of maritime knowledge and also offers detailed description and analysis of legends, proverbs, creation stories, terms for parts of canoes, navigational chants, sea-marks or signs to convincingly centralize the canoe within Marshallese culture. The canoe's depth and breadth of meaning across all aspects of Marshallese lives is made clear. An even greater accomplishment is the author's ability to lucidly explain the complex science required to navigate ocean wave patterns around and between atolls; the interaction of wind, sea, waves; and the essential components of a canoe and their functions. Breaking the Shell's focus on sailing and navigation is, shockingly, the first of its kind in a text about the Marshall Islands. This volume fills that remarkable absence in a manner that centralizes Marshallese as actors, riding waves caused by the...

КОРМЩИК-ГРУМАНЛАН ФИЛАТ ВОЖЕВОЛЬНЫЙ: ЭТАПЫ БИОГРАФИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ОСВОЕНИЯ АРХИПЕЛАГОВ И ОСТРОВОВ АРКТИКИ

The author examines the biography of the skipper Filat Vozhevolny, the son of Semen, who was engaged in fishing in the archipelagos of Spitsbergen (Grumant) and Novaya Zemlya in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries. The study of the biographies of individual fisherman-hunters makes it possible to understand the peculiarities of the organization of fishing, to identify personal and professional qualities, without which it was impossible to participate in long and dangerous expeditions to the polar archipelagos. Filat Vozhevolny went fishing from Onega and Arkhangelsk merchants, Vygoretsky old Believer community, and in 1808-1810 he sailed to Novaya Zemlya under the flag of the White Sea Company. In the personality of the skipper, knowledge of navigation, fishing and hunting was combined with adventurism and a penchant for risk, which endangered the life of not only himself, but also of the artel entrusted to him.

The First Russian Printed Textbooks

The article presents materials indicating the need to return to the question of the place of the first secular printed textbooks in the history of Russian education and culture. These textbooks were compiled and published abroad by Ilya Fedorovich Kopievsky (c. 1651 — 1714) on the initiative of Peter the Great. The first seven of them came out from the printing shop of the Amsterdam merchant Jan Thessing (1659 — 1701) who received the tzar’s privilege to sell his printed materials in Russia. Two succeeding were published in other Amsterdam printing shops, and the last one was printed in Polish Stolzenberg. Thanks to these textbooks, the general Russian reader was able to get acquainted for the first time with the basics of scientific knowledge in history, geography, mathematics, astronomy, navigation, warfare, and linguistics. Five interrelated matters support the need to return to the topic in question: 1) the historical circumstances of the appearance of Kopievsky-Thessing’s books; 2) their topics and content; 3) their place in the repertoire of the early 18th-century Russian readers; 4) their distribution in Russia; 5) the number of their copies preserved in libraries today. The article concludes that contrary to common opinion these books played a noteworthy role in the Petrine reforms of education and culture.