Nausea In Pregnant Women Research Articles

The Impact Of Ginger Aromatherapy On The Occurrence Of Nausea And Vomiting In Pregnant Women During The Initial Trimester At The Kersana Health Center In 2024

Ginger is an herbal medicinal ingredient that is efficacious in relieving coughs and sore throats, lowering bad cholesterol levels, relieving headaches, overcoming rheumatism, losing weight, maintaining heart health, overcoming nausea and digestive problems, preventing intestinal inflammation, improving the immune system, and cure asthma. Ginger acts as an aromatherapy treatment for nausea in pregnant women during the initial stage of pregnancy. The employed methodology is quasi-experimental, utilizing the one-group pretest and posttest design approach. This research design lacks a comparison group (control). However, the researcher conducts an initial observation (pretest) to assess the change. The study's independent variable is the use of ginger aromatherapy. The study focused on the dependent variables of nausea and vomiting experienced by pregnant women during the first trimester. The study findings demonstrated that ginger aromatherapy had a significant impact on reducing the occurrence of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women during the first trimester at the Kersana Brebes Health Center in 2024, shifting the severity from moderate to mild.

SOSIALISASI DAN EDUKASI PEMBUATAN MINUMAN SERBUK INSTAN JAHE MERAH UNTUK KESEHATAN DI SMK NEGERI 1 PATUMBAK

Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale var Rubrum) is one of the plants of the Zingiberaceae tribe which plays a role in its use as a drink or food mixture. The metabolite content of red ginger is useful for herbal drinks, cooking ingredients and herbal medicines. Red ginger can also be used to treat various diseases such as flu, relieve nausea in pregnant women, rheumatism, aches, sore throat disorders, colds. In using red ginger as a drink, the aspect that is an obstacle to the use of this rhizome is that it takes quite a long time to make the drink so there is a tendency for people to be lazy about making it. Instant ginger drink can be enjoyed at any time and is practical to make. Instant red ginger is in the form of a drink combined with sugar through a manufacturing process that is quite easy and practical to implement.

Truth in a pill

In 1937, the elixir sulphanilamide disaster was one of the mass poisonings. It occurs due to the presence of the diluent diethylene glycol in the elixir preparation of sulphanilamide. Because of its therapeutic use, around 100 patients died. In response to the calamity, Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act was passed in the year 1938 by U.S congress and this ensured the proof of safety before the drug comes to market. The similar incident occurred for thalidomide in late 1950s and early 1960s when the drug was used for the treatment of nausea in pregnant women and resulted in children with birth defects. The development of drugs is a complex and costly process and it takes around 10-15 years for the drug to develop. Because of these reasons, the development of generic drugs is essential and this review will deal about the use of generic drugs and also its advantages with limitations.

Pengaruh Aromatherapy Peppermint Terhadap Frekuensi Mual Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I Di Puskesmas Serpong I

Introduction: Morning sickness is a natural symptom and often occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy in the form of complaints of nausea and vomiting. Nausea usually occurs in the morning but can occur at any time and at night. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in Indonesia is around 10% of pregnant women affected by emesis gravidarum, while the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in Banten province reaches 57,429 (24.5%) of 222,789 pregnant women. This study aims to determine the effect of giving peppermint aromatherapy to reducing the frequency of nausea in pregnant women in the first trimester at the Serpong 1 Health Center in 2023. Methods: This study used the Quasi-Experimental designs method with pre-test and post-test without a control group. The sampling technique used is total sampling with a total sample of 22 respondents. Results: The results of the research showed that there was an effect of using peppermint aromatherapy on reducing the frequency of nausea in first-trimester pregnant women based on the Wilcoxon statistical test results obtained p-value 0,004 < 0,005. Discussion: This study concludes that there is an effect of using peppermint aromatherapy on reducing the frequency of nausea in first-trimester pregnant women at the Serpong I Public Health Center in 2023. Suggestions for pregnant women to be able to increase their knowledge and understanding regarding the use of peppermint aromatherapy as a complementary treatment for nausea in the first trimester of pregnancy so that the incidence of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester can be resolved properly.

The Effect of Cynometra cauliflora Linn. Fruit Extract-Induced Congenital Anomalies on Chick Embryos

Background: Cynometra cauliflora is a traditional folk medicine that is used to treat a variety of unpleasant symptoms without adverse effects. Previous studies have shown that C. cauliflora fruit relieving morning sickness and nausea in pregnant women. However, no research has been performed on the effect of C. cauliflora fruit extract on birth anomalies. Objective: In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of C. cauliflora fruit extract on developing chick embryos. Materials and Methods: Three hundred fertilized eggs were divided into 2 groups; 1) the experimental groups received various doses of C. cauliflora fruit extract at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, and 2) the control group received a 0.9 % normal saline solution. One hundred and fifty eggs at embryonic day-3 (ED-3) were observed for LC50, morphology, and histology, while the 150 eggs at embryonic day-6 (ED-6) were investigated for morphology and histology. Results: At a dosage of 291.70 mg/kg, the C. cauliflora fruit extract induced mortality in ED-3 by more than 50 %. Moreover, fruit extraction can also result in anomalies in ED-3 and ED-6, such as anterior neuropore openings, heart tubes, liver and kidney tissue defects. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that tissue damage and organ malformation followed dose-dependent and all-or-none laws. Despite having a wide range of medical properties, C. cauliflora fruit extracts have been demonstrated to impair early growth and development and cause birth abnormalities in animal studies. This will allow further determination of regulatory criteria for medical use, particularly for pregnant women. HIGHLIGHTS First report of the cauliflora fruit extract induced embryonic lethality The cauliflora fruit extract induces embryonic organ and tissue anomalies following dose-dependent and all-or-none laws These experimental protocols are beneficial for teratogenesis studies GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Thalidomide - The Disastrous Drug

In the late 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, thalidomide was a medication that was frequently used to relieve nausea in pregnant women. Thalidomide treatment was shown to cause severe birth abnormalities in thousands of children in the 1960s. Thalidomide was an effective treatment for leprosy and later multiple myeloma, even though its usage was outlawed in the majority of nations at the time. Thalidomid treatment of pregnant leprosy patients has continued to result in deformities in rural areas of the world without major medical surveillance measures. Understanding of molecular targets is being improved through research into the mechanisms of thalidomide action. Safer medications might be created with a deeper understanding of these molecular targets. The thalidomide tragedy marked a turning point in toxicity testing because it compelled American and international regulatory agencies to create systematic toxicity testing protocols. In addition, the use of thalidomide as a developmental biology tool resulted in significant advancements in our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying limb development. It is fitting to review the lessons learnt from the 1960s thalidomide disaster in honour of the Society of Toxicology's 50th anniversary, which also happens to be the same year that thalidomide was removed from the market.

Comparison of Giving Peppermint Aromatherapy and Lemon Aromatherapy Against Vomiting Nausea in Pregnant Women with Hyperemesis Gravidarum Level I

Comparison of Giving Peppermint Aromatherapy and Lemon Aromatherapy Against Vomiting Nausea in Pregnant Women with Hyperemesis Gravidarum Level I

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О РВОТЕ БЕРЕМЕННЫХ

This review discusses some aspects of the most common complication of the early gestational period – toxicosis. Vomiting of pregnant women (VP) is one of the frequent manifestations of early toxicosis. This disorder affects the quality of life of a pregnant woman, causes exhaustion, and contributes to the disruption of homeostasis, weakness, and dysfunction of various organs and systems. In addition, it may lead to miscarriage, placental insufficiency, insufficient weight gain during gestation, various perinatal pathologies in children, and other complications. Therefore, VP despite numerous studies conducted throughout the world, remains one of the urgent problems of obstetrics, the solution of which requires sufficient evidence-based research. Papers on various aspects of VP from the PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were analyzed. More than 500 sources were found, of which 50 were selected and included in the review, based on the selected keywords. Keywords: Pregnancy, changes in the body of a pregnant woman, pregnancy complications, pregnancy toxicosis, vomiting and nausea in pregnant women, perinatal outcomes.

The Effectiveness of Ginger Oil Aromatherapy and Lemon Oil Aromatherapy on Reducing Emesis Gravidarum in Pregnant Women

Emesis Gravidarum is caused by changes in liver glycogen and an increase in the hormone HCG. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the effectiveness of ginger oil aromatherapy and lemon oil aromatherapy on the reduction of emesis gravidarum in pregnant women. The design in this study is a quasy experiment with two groups of pretest posttest design with a sample size of 15 respondents per group. The sampling technique uses Simple Random Sampling while the data analysis test uses the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test. Before being given Ginger Oil aromatherapy as many as 9 respondents experienced moderate emesis. After being given ginger oil aromatherapy, 8 respondents did not experience emesis. Before being given Lemon Oil aromatherapy 9 respondents experienced mild emesis. After being given Lemon oil aromatherapy 12 respondents did not experience emesis. Analysis of the Wilcoxon test results there is an effect of giving Ginger Oil and Lemon Oil aromatherapy to reduce emesis gravidarum and the Mann Whitney test it is that Ginger Oil Aromatherapy is more effective in reducing nausea and vomiting compared to Aromatherapy Lemon Oil. Ginger oil contains essential oils that can be used to reduce nausea in pregnant women because the aroma produced is stronger.

Early toxicosis: a review of current data

This article contains information from modern sources on the topic of early toxicosis, which most often occurs in the trimester, and in some cases can continue until the third trimester of pregnancy. On the occurrence of literature data, it can be said that diseases such as early toxicosis, the appearance of vomiting and nausea in pregnant women, the threat of diseases in pregnant women, neurological disorders, fetal asphyxia, rupture of the esophagus and retinal hemorrhage in the mother, as well as other complications. The pathogenesis of early toxicosis has many theories, for example, the theory of the influence of chorionic gonadotropin or the mechanical theory of the development of vomiting during pregnancy, but none of them can fully explain all cases of the disease. In this case, we can conclude that early toxicosis is multifactorial.Clinically, vomiting of pregnant women can occur in mild, moderate and severe severity, and in the latter case, the so-called vicious circle is often formed, which includes severe electrolyte disorders, neurological disorders, and alkalosis. Treatment of a mild form of vomiting of pregnant women is carried out on an outpatient basis, and moderate and severe – in a hospital. Conclusion. Based on the sources, the treatment of early toxicosis is based on an integrated approach. Undoubtedly, the basis for each degree will be diet, replenishment of water and electrolyte balance, as well as symptomatic treatment. Data are given on the use of both homeopathic remedies and drug therapy, as well as psychotherapeutic assistance to pregnant women.

The Effectiveness of Acupressure Points PC-6 and SP-3 on the Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Pregnant Women

Background: Handling of nausea and vomiting in first trimester mothers (emesis gravidarum) is mostly still using pharmacological therapy, even though there is a simple event by using massage at acupuncture points to treat emesis gravidarum. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure on emesis gravidarum in first trimester pregnant women. Subjects and Method: This study is a quasi-experimental research design using a control group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in July-August 2021. The population in this study were all pregnant women who experienced nausea and vomiting in the 1st trimester in the Nurobo Health Center Work area, Malacca Regency. A total of 40 pregnant women in the 1st trimester were used as samples which were divided into 4 groups of 10 people each, namely group 1 (PC-6 acupressure), group 2 (SP-3 acupressure), group 3 (combination of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure), and group 4 or control group (vitamin B6). The sample was selected by consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Rank-Test and Paired T-Test. Results: After intervention of accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduced frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea. Conclusion: accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduce frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea in pregnant women.

The Effectiveness of Acupressure Points PC-6 and SP-3 on the Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Pregnant Women

Background: Handling of nausea and vomiting in first trimester mothers (emesis gravidarum) is mostly still using pharmacological therapy, even though there is a simple event by using massage at acupuncture points to treat emesis gravidarum. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure on emesis gravidarum in first trimester pregnant women. Subjects and Method: This study is a quasi-experimental research design using a control group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in July-August 2021. The population in this study were all pregnant women who experienced nausea and vomiting in the 1st trimester in the Nurobo Health Center Work area, Malacca Regency. A total of 40 pregnant women in the 1st trimester were used as samples which were divided into 4 groups of 10 people each, namely group 1 (PC-6 acupressure), group 2 (SP-3 acupressure), group 3 (combination of PC-6 and SP-3 acupressure), and group 4 or control group (vitamin B6). The sample was selected by consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Rank-Test and Paired T-Test. Results: After intervention of accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduced frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea. Conclusion: accupressure in PC-6 point, SP-3 point, or combination of both PC-6 and SP-3 reduce frequency of vomiting and nausea and duration of nausea in pregnant women. Keywords: emesis gravidarum, PC-6 acupressure, SP-3 acupressure Correspondence: Matilda Bupu Ria. Midwifery Study Program, Intitute Health Sciences Maranatha, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Email: matilda­bu­pu­ria­19@gmail.com. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(02): 138-147 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2022.07.02.03

The effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedure for alleviation of vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran country.

Nausea and vomiting have psychological negative effects on some pregnant women during gestation. Different strategies have been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, such as acupressure and psychological interventions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedures on vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran. Two hundred and eight women were divided into four groups (n=52): 1) they did not any intervention (control group), 2) they received the psychological intervention, 3) they received acupressure intervention, and 4) they received a combination of psychological+acupressure interventions. To investigate the effects of interventions on nausea and vomiting, the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching were used. The counseling period has lasted for 4weeks. The pressure intervention on the site was conducted in clockwise form for 1min and anticlockwise form for another 1min. Groups did not have a significant difference for abortion and income (p>0.05). The effects of counseling, and acupressure interventions on severity and period of vomiting and nausea were not significant (p>0.05), but the intervention based on counseling and acupressure decreased severity of vomiting and nausea (p<0.05). The intervention based on counseling and acupressure could not reduce nausea and vomiting during the gestation, but the intervention based on a combination of both decreased nausea and vomiting. It can be suggested to apply an intervention based on a combination of counseling and acupressure in short-time period for decreasing nausea and vomiting in women during pregnancy.

AROMATERAPI TERHADAP PENGURANGAN MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL

Nausea and vomiting is an uncomfortable condition that is usually felt in 50% of mothers who are experiencing pregnancy, which usually occurs in the early trimester. One of them is in the management to reduce pharmacological therapy by providing aromatherapy. The purpose of this study or research is to find out whether the impact of giving an aromatherapy can reduce nausea or vomiting for pregnant women in the first trimester or earlier. The purpose of this writing is to be able to find out various kinds of complementary therapies with an evidence base and based on evidence based that can reduce vomiting and nausea during pregnancy. Based on the description above, the authors carried out this literature study on research that could be related to complementary therapy in reducing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. This study also shows that there is an effect in giving this aromatherapy to relieve the effects of vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in the first trimester. In the provision of this aromatherapy can be used when reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women can affect the nerves in the hypothalamus can relieve nausea and vomiting .

The Effectiveness of Acupressure Therapy and Aromatherapy of Lemon on the Ability of Coping and Emesis Gravidarum in Trimester I Pregnant Women at Langsa City Community Health Centre, Aceh, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Acupressure therapy and aromatherapy lemon are now increasingly popular in the treatment of various diseases in Indonesia. One treatment alternative to deal with nausea, vomiting during pregnancy is to use aqua-pressure and aromatherapy techniques.&#x0D; AIM: Analyzing the effects of acupressure therapy and the aroma of lemon therapy on the ability to cope and emesis gravidarum in trimester I pregnant women at the city health center Langsa, Aceh province.&#x0D; METHODS: The design of this study is a quasi-experiment. The design used was a non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. This research was conducted in the West Langsa health center from January to March 2019. The population was all the first-trimester pregnant women with complaints of nausea and vomiting. The sample was chosen about 60 people using a purposive sampling technique. Respondents were divided into three groups. The first group was acupressure, the second group was acupressure + lemon aromatherapy and the third group was control. Data analysis using univariate analysis, and bivariable analysis using paired t-test, dependent t-test and one-way ANOVA, multi-variable analysis using a multi-covariance test, and ANOVA&#x0D; RESULTS: Research results show that acupressure and acupressure + lemon therapy are effective in reducing nausea experienced by pregnant women. Lemon acupressure + aromatherapy therapy significantly reduced nausea in pregnant women with a p = 0.0001 (p &lt;0.05). The results of paired t-test nausea and vomiting in the acupressure and acupressure + lemon aromatherapy groups decreased the amount of nausea with a decrease of 4.2 and 4.85, respectively. The duration of nausea and vomiting also decreased by 1.55 and 4.3 with a p = 0.0001 (p &lt;0.05). ANOVA test results in the treatment group on coping ability showed that the acupressure + lemon aromatherapy group increased the coping ability of pregnant women by 5.7 compared to the control group. The results of paired t-test coping abilities in pregnant women with acupressure therapy were 3.2 and lemon acupressure + aromatherapy treatments were 6.2. The increase in both treatments was significant with a p = 0.0001, respectively.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: There is an effect of grapefruit aromatherapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women in the working area of Langsa City Health Center with p &lt; 0.05 (0.0001).

Acupressure On Zusanli (St36) And Taibai (Sp3) in Reducing Nausea for Patients with Dyspepsia at Banyumas Hospital

Background: Nausea is unpleasant sensation behind the throat and epigastrium often causing vomiting. Nausea is a major symptom in patients with dyspepsia. Typical treatments for nausea are antiemetic drugs and non-pharmacological therapy. Acupressure is a massage with finger to give stimulus at a particular point on the surface of the body. Acupressure on hand could reduce nausea in pregnant women. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of acupressure in reducing nausea for patients with dyspepsia at Banyumas hospital. Method: This research was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The consecutive sampling technique was employed in this research with 30 subjects, 15 subjects in control and 15 subjects in intervention. In the control group received standard antiemetic drug and routine care. The intervention group was treated with acupressure Zusanli (ST 36) and Taibai (SP 3) for 30 minutes for both legs and received antiemetic drugs. Nausea was measured by Numerical Rating scale for Nausea. Data were analyzed with paired samples test and Mann Withney-U. Results: The findings show that acupressure Zusanli (ST 36) and Taibai (SP 3) for 30 minutes significantly reduced nausea in patients with dyspepsia in the intervention group (t=7.91, p=0.00) and between group (z=-2.884, p=0.01).

Thalidomide: The Tragedy of Birth Defects and the Effective Treatment of Disease

Thalidomide was a widely used drug in the late 1950s and early 1960s for the treatment of nausea in pregnant women. It became apparent in the 1960s that thalidomide treatment resulted in severe birth defects in thousands of children. Though the use of thalidomide was banned in most countries at that time, thalidomide proved to be a useful treatment for leprosy and later, multiple myeloma. In rural areas of the world that lack extensive medical surveillance initiatives, thalidomide treatment of pregnant women with leprosy has continued to cause malformations. Research on thalidomide mechanisms of action is leading to a better understanding of molecular targets. With an improved understanding of these molecular targets, safer drugs may be designed. The thalidomide tragedy marked a turning point in toxicity testing, as it prompted United States and international regulatory agencies to develop systematic toxicity testing protocols; the use of thalidomide as a tool in developmental biology led to important discoveries in the biochemical pathways of limb development. In celebration of the Society of Toxicology's 50th Anniversary, which coincides with the 50th anniversary of the withdrawal of thalidomide from the market, it is appropriate to revisit the lessons learned from the thalidomide tragedy of the 1960s.

Pharmacological and phytochemical properties of Dombeya rotundifolia

Dombeya rotundifolia (Hochst.) Planch, is used in traditional medicine to treat heart problems, nausea in pregnant women, intestinal ulcers, headaches, stomach complaints, haemorroids, diarrhoea, dyspepsia and to hasten the onset of labour. D. rotundifolia material was collected from two sites and screened pharmacologically for anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activity using the COX-1 and disc-diffusion assays. High antiinflammatory activity was detected in the ethanolic and dichloromethane leaf and young shoot extracts. Antibacterial activity was highest in the ethanolic leaf and young shoot extracts. Material was phytochemicaliy screened for alkaloids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides and cyanogenic glycosides. The results obtained for material from both collection sites was very similar. No alkaloids and no cyanogenic glycosides were detected. Tannins were present in the leaf and young shoot material. Saponins were detected in the bark material using the haemolysis test. Cardiac glycosides were detected in the leaf, young shoot and bark material.

Supreme Court Gives More Latitude on Admitting Scientific Evidence

Settling controversial scientific issues being argued in federal courts has not been simplified by the recent Supreme Court ruling on rules of evidence. Rather than having a fairly rigid rule for gauging whether scientific testimony is admissible, judges will now have to be more flexible in letting experts testify. The change in how science and technology is used in the courtroom is the result of a 7-to-2 decision in the Supreme Court, with the opinion written by Justice Harry A. Blackmun. The case itself, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals , deals with safety of the company's Bendectin, a drug for treating nausea in pregnant women, which has been the subject of many trials, scientific and otherwise, over the past few years. The Supreme Court's decision sends the case back to the lower court for reexamination of the scientific evidence. In this instance, lower courts had refused to hear the case of two young people who suffered ...