Nature Reserve Fund Research Articles

Practical training of geographers: state and problems

The article deals with the place and significance of educational practice in the preparation of future geography specialists. On the example of educational practice in geography of specialty 014 Secondary Education (Geography) some aspects of its conduct on the basis of ethnographic material are considered. The article reveals the purpose of educational practice which is to consolidate the theoretical knowledge gained by the students during the study, acquiring and improving practical skills and abilities, mastering modern methods of field research. Tasks of the practice, which involve teaching students to use special devices and tourist equipment, correctly applying them in different types of geographic research, conducting visual observations, performing field measurements, carrying out scientifically substantiated room processing of empirical results are described. The stages (preparatory, field, and office) of educational practice and the base of its conducting are revealed (Sumy and its surroundings, Sumy region). The article also describes the results of training in geography according to the programs, such as applying the acquired theoretical knowledge for the formation of practical skills, demonstrating the ability to use special instruments of geographic research, organizing independent visual observations of natural objects and phenomena, performing field measurements, demonstrating the ability to perform graphic, map making and map measuring work, using professionally profiled knowledge and practical skills for the study of natural objects, processes and phenomena. Particular attention is paid to the description of unique local lore objects: Mount Zolotukha - the Romanian salt dome, a geological reserve of local importance, the Mohritsky landscape reserve of local importance, the Banytsky quarts quarry , the valley of the Psiol river (along the route Baranivka-Zelenyi Hai - in the vicinity of the town of Sumy), the Botanical Garden of A. S. Makarenko Sumy State Technical University - the object of the natural reserve fund of local importance, in its study students acquire professional competencies. The conclusion emphasizes that educational practice in geography is an integral part of the preparation of a highly skilled geographer; it enables students to consolidate their theoretical knowledge in the field, broadens their outlook and cognitive abilities, causes interest in geography, increases the effectiveness of learning and promotes the sound formation of professional competencies of students – geographers.

РЕКРЕАЦІЙНА ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ ПАРКІВ-ПАМ’ЯТОК САДОВО-ПАРКОВОГО МИСТЕЦТВА РІВНЕНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze recreational attractiveness of landscape architecture landmarks of Rivne region. Methods. During the research the following methods as analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, descriptive, comparative, statistical, systems were used. Results. The place of landscape architecture landmarks in the structure of natural-anthropogenic recreational and tourist resources of Rivne region is determined. Present recreational potential of landscape architecture landmarks of national value of Rivne region is described. The prospects of the recreational use of landscape architecture landmarks of Rivne region are outlined. Scientific novelty. The recreational value of category of the nature reserve fund landscape architecture landmark is exposed. The featuers of functioning of landscape architecture landmarks as attractive objects of recreation and tourist activities are investigated. The practical significance. Practical recommendations of balanced recreational use of landscape architecture landmarks of the Rivne region are outlined.

Американські та німецькі «корені» системи природоохоронних територій України

Американські та німецькі «корені» системи природоохоронних територій України

Юридичні аспекти створення геопарків в Україні

This article covers the question of creating geoparks in Ukraine, for they are still absent in this country. The creation of geoparks is one of the ways of solving a global problem on which the international community is focused - protection of the geological heritage (Geoheritage). It turns out that one of the reasons for such situation in Ukraine is imperfect legislation and absence of a “legal map” for creating a geological park. After analyzing all current normative acts in the country`s legislation, we found that the terms “geological park” and “geological heritage” are absent. We analyzed other countries` legislation regarding this issue and also the acts of international organizations, including the UNESCO. The results of the analysis show that the term “geopark” can legally exist only as a status provided by UNESCO to a protected nature-reserve territory including geological objects of international value. After reviewing the main criteria of UNESCO, we found that to obtain the status of an international geopark the object of geoheritage should belong to nature-reserve fund and possess management institutions at all possible levels, have protected status, and, most important, operate within the framework of the country`s legislation (at local or national levels). We examined all relevant legislation of Ukraine and distinguished the main normative-legal acts which regulate the issues concerning creation, protection and functioning of the territory of a future international geopark. Study of the legislation provided the results which led to development of a “legal map” corresponding to the three main issues: the preconditions for creation, the creation itself and the responsible organs, protections and the organs responsible for the protection of the future geopark territory. The results show that creating a future geopark corresponds to the priority directions of development of science and the technical sphere for the period until 2020, and is also one of the strategic aims of state ecological policy of Ukraine for the period until 2020. It was found that creating or providing any status to a territory is regulated by the Land Code of Ukraine, which states that territories of a geopark correspond to the categories of the land of the nature-reserve fund and other nature protection purposes, covers the full definitions of such territories and for more detailed consideration includes references to other legislation, The Law of Ukraine on the Nature-reserve Fund of Ukraine, which is one of the main normative-legal acts of regulating the issue of creating territories of future geoparks. It was shown that among all classifications of objects of the nature-reserve fund which the legislation provides, the category national nature park best suits the creation of a geopark – its main aims and organs responsible for its functioning are defined. We found which normative-legal acts regulate practical creation of such territory and which organs are responsible for it. This article describes which legal actions should be performed for the achievement of this aim. This article describes for the first time the creation of a geopark as a scientific park managed by a university with geological specialities according to the new Law of Ukraine on Scientific Parks, which will be analyzed in more details in future articles. We analyzed the normative-legal acts concerning the protection of territories of national nature parks, defined key points of this issue and organs responsible for it. The data provided in the paper is relevant to all recent changes in the legislation in 2017. The results can be used for creation of a real geopark or used by scientists studying the geological heritage.

Nature reserve fund of Carpathian region – its problems and prospects of development

Nature reserve fund of Carpathian region – its problems and prospects of development

Research of main problems of the natural reservoir fund of the Lviv region and the ways of their solvency

Preservation of genetic, species and ecosystem biodiversity is one of the most important tasks of the world community for achieving balanced development. The features of regional development and basic problems of the naturally-protected fund of the Lviv area are considered in the article. It is substantiated that the problem of optimization of the natural environment, and in particular the lands of the nature reserve fund, is extremely relevant and needs to be solved. The functionally-spatial features of land-tenure (structure of lands) and distribution of the protected objects and territories within the limits of Lviv region testify to subzero part of the protected territories of the multifunctional setting, a few of large area of the protected territories, absolute majority from that belong to forest, and presence of plenty of the shallow point protected objects that can’t to a full degree provide maintenance of genetic and landscape variety. Such a situation necessitates the activation of the creation of new territories and objects of the natural reserve fund in the region, taking into account its natural geographic zoning, territorial features of vegetation, flora, fauna and landscapes, as well as prospects for the development of the ecological network as a holistic system of natural and semi-natural territories. It is determined that the share of objects of the reserve fund from the total area of the region, the diversity of natural landscapes and plant communities, the territorial structure of the protected areas is not fully in line with international standards. For the effective functioning and development of the reserve fund of the region, a complex of optimization measures was proposed, in particular, the network expansion and the enhancement of the representativeness of protected areas, including multifunctional purposes, optimization of land use, implementation of renaturalization, and raising the ecological and educational level of the population.

EVALUATION OF REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE NATURAL RESERVE FUND OF ODESA REGION FOR PROTECTION OF ECOSYSTEMS AND SOZOPHITES IN THE CONTEXT OF GEOBOTHANICAL ZONING

Geobotanical zoning of Odesa Region was clarified. 14 geobotanical areas were allocated within 6 districts. We have considered the distribution of objects of Natural Reserve Fund by areas and districts. It has been revealed that 4.5% of reserve state in Odesa Region is provided by the six areas. Eight geobotanical areas have percentage of reserved state from 0.14 to 2.40 %.There are 77 objects of the NRF in the Odesa Region (outside Odesa city); 65 of them are larger than 2 hectares, 44 larger than 50 hectares, 37 larger than 100 hectares, 16 are larger than 1,000 hectares, seven – larger than 5 thousand hectares, four larger than 10 thousand hectares. The largest objects are located in the South of the region, on the Black Sea coast, in the deltas of large rivers or estuary systems, which does not reflect the main features of the Steppe zone. The objects of the highest level (biosphere reserve and national parks) are present only in two of the six districts.Forest ecosystems are under the most intensive protection. They are present on all objects of the NRF in Forest-Steppe Zone and on 71.4 % of the territories of the NRF in the Steppe Zone. Steppe plots over 2 hectares have been registered only on the fifth part of all objects of the NRF. This distribution of ecosystems on protected territories does not reflect the general regularities of distribution of natural landscapes, ecosystems and vegetation types in the Region.Each geobotanical area has from 8 to 30 sozophytes from the Red Data Book of Ukraine. Nizhnedunayskiy and Yuzhnomoldovskovozvyshennіy areas have the largest number of sozophytes (30 species). From 10 to 100% sozophytes in an area are not under territorial protection. The article presents a list of plants which grow only in one geobotanical area in the Region. From 23 to 50 sozophytes of the Red Data Book of Ukraine grow within one geobotanical district, among them from 28 to 96.8 % of the species are not covered by territorial protection. This situation endangers the preservation of many sozophytes in the Region.To optimize the protection of ecosystems and species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine it is proposed to create new objects of the NRF, to include Ramsar wetlands and the objects of the Еmerald Network to the NRF of Ukraine, including objects which have already been specially created for protection of localities of some rare species (Colchicum fominii, Genista tetragona, etc.).

Території та об’єкти природно-заповідного фонду в складі Ічнянського національного природного парку

Території та об’єкти природно-заповідного фонду в складі Ічнянського національного природного парку

TAXONOMY STRUCTURE OF SOZOFLORA OF THE DENDROLOGICAL PARK "ОLEXANDRIA" OF NAS OF UKRAINE

State Dendrological Park "Olexandria", as the subject of natural reserve fund of Ukraine, is a structural element and a core territory of Ukraine's ecological network, which preserves the most valuable and typical for the region components of landscape and biological diversity. According to the catalogue of woody and herbaceous plants the total number of species that inhabit the territory of the Dendrological Park "Olexandria" and reflect the richness of its phytobiota has 2021 species. Sozological share of park's phytobiota are rare species that deserve high scientific attention and are officially protected because they are included to the red lists of different levels: international, national and regional, or similar legal documents for a certain category of rarity. Using the method of inventory studies the authors have found that rarity component of flora of the park includes 390 species of vascular plants, representing almost 20 % of all species of dendrological park collection. The regional steppe sozoflora includes 103 species (26 % of all rare species), the rest is 283 species that were introduced in different historical periods since the mid-nineteenth century. One hundred eighty eight (48 %) of them are woody plants, 202 species (52 %) are herbaceous plants that belongs to four divisions (Equisetophyta, Rolypodiophyta, Rynophyta, Magnoliophyta), 6 classes, 67 orders, 87 families and 199 genera. The ratio between the number of species in orders Еquisetophyta: Рolypodiophyta: Рynophуta: Magnoliophyta is 0,8 %: 1,0 %: 21,0 %: 77,2 % respectively. The ratio between Magnoliophyta and Рynophуta is 4:1. Most numerous by the number of families (59) is the class Magnoliopsida. The highest sozological capacity has Pinaceae (55 species), Сupressaceae (21), Rosaceae (29), Ranunculaceae (20), Fabaceae (19). Poaceae (16), Iridaceae (13), Lamiaceae (12), Betulaceae (11), Asteraceae (10), Cyperaceae (10) families. Also, taxonomically diverse families are Primulaceae (8), Caryophyllaceae (8), Fagaceae (7), Alliaceae (7), Corylaceae (5), Caprifoliaceae (5), Salicaceae (5), Amaryllidaceae (5), Brassiсaceae (5), Liliaceae (5). 38 (43.6 %) families of 87 are presented by one spicies. The highest species richness has: Pinus (18 species), Abies (16), Juniperus (12), Picea (12), Betula (10), Larix (7), Crataegus (7), Quercus (7), Allium (7), Carex (7), Iris (7), Stipa (6), Crocus (5) Trifolium (5) genera; 4 spicies has: Lysimachia, Chamaecyparis, Chamaecytisus, Daphnе, Malus, Prunus, Tilia. One spicies has 37 genera.

Management of the nature conservation areas of Ukraine’s Polissya region based on the international experience

In ensuring sustainable development an important role belongs to natural preservation areas with different functions and modes of preservation, where an important place is occupied by natural conservation territories and natural conservation objects that form the natural reserve fund. A system of management of natural reserve fund of Ukraine is associated with many problems and shortcomings. The authors have studied the experience of efficient management of similar institutions in other countries, such as the national natural and regional landscape parks. They have outlined prospects for the development of natural reserves in Ukraine in accordance with international standards and requirements. They have also outlined innovative tools for the protection of biodiversity. They have offered a range of measures to improve the efficiency of the system of management of natural reserves based on the best international practices (establishing standard expenses of the state budgetary financing, insurance, the use of geoinformation technologies, grant projects and programs, adaptive management, restructuring of management, improvement of the organizational structure, effective system of paid services, etc.).

МЕТРИЗАЦІЯ БІОЦЕНТРИЧНО-СІТЬОВОЇ КОНФІГУРАЦІЇ ЛАНДШАФТІВ ТЕРИТОРІЇ ЛІВОБЕРЕЖНОЇ УКРАЇНИ

The biocentric-network configuration of landscapes (BNCL) is understood as a variety of biocenters that located at the matrix of landscapes and along which the biotic migrations take places. The theoretic-methodological contemporary apparatus of BNCL exploration formed by scientific results which we could find out in works of European and Ukrainian scientists, in particular: A. Buchek, Ja. Lazina, I. Ljov, P Kavaljauskas, R. Forman, M. Godron, M. Grodzinskyi, P. Shyschenko, V. Paschenko, S. Kukurudza, etc. Nevertheless, lack of works which could clarify questions of landscape representativeness and metrization BNCL under conditions of considerable fragmented and anthropogenic territories leads us to accomplishment becoming exploration. Thus, the aim of the article is to determine landscape representiveness (at the levels of type, and sort of landscape complexes) of BNCL by using results of our mapping modelling of landscape-typological structure of the Left-Bank the Dnipro river of Ukraine territory, the structure of BNCL and the nature reserved fund, which could be a good background for choosing criteria of landscape planning typological units distinguishing and for the future possibility of usage it for the purpose of landscape planning tools implementation. The region of the exploration – the Left-Bank the Dnipro river of Ukraine territory – is understood as a totality of four administration region of Ukraine, such as Poltavsjka, Sumsjka, Harkivsjka, and Chernighivsjka. The levels of landscape representiveness were determined by using GIS-parcel MapInfo Professional 10.0.1, and type, and sort of landscape complexes data, including 1 552 objects of nature reserved fund (by 1.11.2016). The methodical basis of the research is formed by the system of methods such as mapping, graphical, statistic, analysis, and synthesis, etc., especially the method of laying on to each other the mapping models of sort of landscape, the nature reserve fund, and the BNCL structure of the Left-Bank the Dnipro river of Ukraine territory done by the author. The level of landscape representiveness of landscapes sorts by the elements of BNCL is understood as plurality it on the unit of a biocentric area. According to the received results of region landscape representiveness calculation at the level of sort of landscapes, we summarized that same objects of BNCL has high or low level of its. The metrization of elements the BNCL structure helps us to distinguish “central” and “provincial” biocenters. Altogether, received results of graphical and matrix modeling the BNCL will be a good background for the future landscape planning tools implementation.

Approaches to the solution of solid waste disposal in the system of ecological management of territories

Modern environmental management system should be based not on generalized criteria and indicators included in the statistical database, and the individual characteristics of each locality as a separate socio-economic and environmental object relations "city-suburban zone." In this case, solving local environmental problems will be most effective. Purpose. To develop a system of indicators for solving the problem of solid waste disposal in the system of ecological management of territories. Results. According to the social criteria, the following indicators and characteristics of the locality are proposed: the population, the number of able-bodied population, the number of people actually working, the number of people working directly at their place of residence, the number of people working in the central cities, the number of educational and educational institutions, and Social institutions, availability of administrative management. The economic criteria include: the state of the road transport system, the commercial and industrial complex, the development of the settlement, recreation areas, artificial lighting of the settlement, housing and communal services. Among the natural factors that are used as criteria: the distance from the city center; Adjacent distance; Girder-beam system; The presence of water objects; Main environmental problems; Availability of territories and objects of the nature reserve fund; Land occupied by agriculture. Conclusions. Provided that it is properly created and implemented, the system will be separately (individually) developed by the system Ecological management of the territory, which includes all the current and actual indicators and criteria for a separate settlement.

Alien species in local floras of the Voronezh Region Nature Reserve Fund (Russia)

Alien species in local floras of the Voronezh Region Nature Reserve Fund (Russia)

The issues of rational use of natural resource potential of the western region of Ukraine

The present article deals with the current state of natural resource potential (NRP) of the Western region of Ukraine and the main challenges in line with eurointegration processes and rational environmental management. The place of region in total Ukraine’s NRP and its internal structure in section of six oblasts: Lviv, Zakarpattya, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil and Khmelnytsky are analyzed. Land resources of the region, which constitute approximately half of the total value of NRP are characterized. Tendency of reduction of arable land in the region is grounded and problems of land valuation are considered. The growing role of water resources and its national and international importance is investigated. Biological potential of the region, which is representing mainly by forest resources are studied. Forest fund of region, its square, structure and stand of timber are characterized. The problem of illegal deforestation on large areas of the Western region of Ukraine was described with particular attention. Special attention is paid to the growing role of recreational resources of the region, similar in structure to the appropriate resources of neighboring European countries. Western region is a leader for protected areas in Ukraine (about 40% of total area of nature reserve fund). The current state of mineral resources, the importance of which for the Western region needs revaluation is considered. A significant share of mineral resources is characterized by the depletion of deposits and their exploitation unprofitable. The authors detected territorial combination of natural resources, that centralize close in space one to others. Ten local territorial combinations in the mountainous part of the Western Region are allocated. New trends in the use of NRP and prospects of renewable energy in the region are studied. The authors predict an increase in the role of recreation and water resources and rising land prices. The problem of low investment attraction, that should be solved based on the cross-border position of the Western region is analyzed.

Ecological description of rare species of plants of Cheremskyi nature reserve included in international Red Lists

Purpose. Ecological description of rare species of plants of Cheremskyi nature reserve included in international Red lists and their distribution on territory of the Volyn area as of 2016. Methods. Comparatively-geographical, analytical, generalization, ystematizations, and also cartographic with the use of the computer programs of MapInfo Professional 8,0. Results. On the basis of analysis of the natural preservation network of the Volyn area certainly, that 3 objects of natural reserve fund have a most area on Volyn: Shatsk National Nature Park, National Nature Park “Prypiat – Stokhid” and Kivertsi Nаtional Nature Reserve «Tsuman Virgin Forest» in addition after an area Cheremskyi nature reserve is distinguished natural reserve thati s only on Volyn. It is in these objects of nature reserve fund is most of the species included in International Red Lists. It grows 6 species listed in Annex 1 of the Berne Convention (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich.), (Pulsatilla Latifolia Rupr. Pulsatilla), (Thesium ebracteatum Hayne), (Dicranum viride (Sull., Lesq.) Linbd.). Also grows 4 species listed in the IUCN Red List, European Red List: Crataegus ucrainica Pojark), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Silene lithuanica Zapal), (Tragopogon ucrainicus Artemcz). Species of plants included in to Annex 1 of the Berne Convention and Red list of the International union of conservancy, widespread as early as 4 landscape wildlife preserves, 1 to the forest wildlife preserve, 3 botanical wildlife preserves, 1 zoological wildlife reserve, and 3 botanical monument of nature, a total in 15 objects of nature reserve fund located throughout the region. Conclusions. Thus, analyzing the state of distribution in the Volyn region of the flora Cheremskyi nature reserve listed in the International Red Lists found that species growing within 15 separate nature protection objects that are not part of other objects of nature reserve fund, but the status and protection of rare form not always corresponds main goal, as the vast majority of them located within the forests where the active economic activity, therefore proposed a number of optimization measures.

Nature-reserve fund Kiverzivsky district of Volyn region

One of the strategic tasks of the state environmental policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2020 is to increase the area of the national econet, which should take place by expanding existing and creating new objects of the nature reserve fund, which is legally approved by laws and national programs in the field of development of the ecological network And a reserved case. Purpose. The study of the structure and spatial distribution of protected areas and objects Кiverzivsky district of Volyn region, determining quality of nature reserve network. Methods. Comparative geography, mathematics, graphing, statistical, analytical. Results. The structure and spatial distribution of protected areas and sites of the area. The quality of the protected areas and territories assessed for coefficient of nature protection and insularization, an indicator of density, uniformity of distribution. Established landscape and geographical representation network of protected areas. The structure of reserved area is characterized by uneven distribution. Dominated facilities of less than 50 hectares, their portion of the total number is 70,59%. High іnsularization (0,36) points to significant fragmentation of protected areas and their area of environmental instability. Directions improving territorial structure protected area network. Conclusions. For the further successful development of the conservation area on the territory, the next step should be the completion of the development of schemes for the formation of the ecological network of natural nuclei and ecocorridors of national importance in order to ensure the possibility of natural migration and distribution of plant and animal species, preservation of valuable natural elements of the environment. Important role in ensuring reliable migratory biotic connections is given to the NPC "Tsumanska Pushcha".

Landscape-geographical model of ecological passport of basin system of Ozertse lake (Volyn Polissia)

Purpose. To substantiate the features of the landscape-geographic model of the ecological passport of the lake basin for the needs of preserved and recreational nature management. The article is focused on the acute need in development of ecological passports of local environmentally protected sites for formation of a regional inventory of nature reserve fund. The concept of a natural aquatic complex (NAC) of the lake, a lake-basin system (LBS) served as a methodological basis of the proposed work. The research is based on the methods of field instrumental landscape-limnological searches with the use of laboratory diagnostics of soil samples of the catchment and bottom sediments of the lake, and the landscape-based analysis of the LBS. The results of the study are presented in the form of landscape models of NAC of Ozertse lake and the natural territorial complexes (NTC) of the catchment. Landscape complexes of the rank of a tract and aquatic facies are allocated in the OBS of Ozertse lake. The geochemical features of the bottom sediments of the water body on the example of one of the points of sounding, hydrological and morphologic-morphometric parameters of NAC of the lake and its catchment, and the landscape-metric characteristics of the integrated lake-basin system are analysed. Conclusions. The developed landscape-geographic model of the lake basin system will be a base for the ecological passport of Ozertse lake. Ecological passports of such type are needed for ecological, tourist-recreational, water management and land reclamation institutions and establishments, as well as for the newly formed united territorial communities.

Створення Чорнобильського біосферного радіоекологічного заповідника як втілення біотехнології відновлення зони відчуження

Мета: cтаття присвячена збереженню унікальної території, яка має унікальне поєднання лісів, боліт, ставків і земель. Наразі дана територія стала радіоекологічним полігоном. Можливе створення біосферного заповідника на основі території зони відчуження, а також існуючих територій та об'єктів національного природно-заповідного фонду. Методи: оцінки на основі картографічної інформації та прогнозного визначення ступеня погіршення територій. Результати: поліпшення управління існуючих і нових територій зони відчуження, шляхом створення однієї великої природоохоронної території в регіоні. Посилення контролю за популяціями рідкісних і зникаючих видів. Обговорення: запропонована попереднє функціональне зонування біосферного заповідника в межах відповідних адміністративних районів.

Prospects and criteria of protected areas in the Lviv region

The use and forms of ecological and economic assessment of protected sites and areas in the Lviv region are analysed . The functional nature of the object value determining is indicated and the long–term plans to increase reserve indicator area is noted. The role and function of the object depends on its type and category. In Lviv region the most common (with respect to area) are national parks, regional landscape parks and nature reserves. Designing of protected objects is conducted mainly with account of their inclusion in the ecological network. Because of its multifunctions nature the national parks are a promising direction for the development and expansion of natural reserve fund. Objects that are created must be environmentally effective and economically justified. The role of the recreational function of the parks increases while choosing the directions of development. Formation of new units in this category of protected areas should take place, taking into account a number of criteria: environmental, economic, logistic and environment–psychological. National parks in regional environmental network segment will promote the development of sustainable tourism in the region and will form a positive image of the region for recreation Lviv region using its unique geographical position.

Features of formation and development of legis-lation on biosphere reserves

The purpose of the article is to study the formation and development of the legal framework for the conservation of nature, in particular features of formation of the legislation on biosphere reserves and their importance in the field of protection and conservation of biodiversity in Ukraine, starting from the IX century up to present time. The study is important to improve the practical relevance of biosphere reserves and to develop ways to implement its functions and objectives. A long historical process of formation and development of legislation on biosphere reserves should be divided into two chronological periods. The first one includes the development of legislation on the protection of valuable natural objects and territories and the scientific work performed in the period of feudal, early capitalist development and the beginning of the soviet period (from the ninth century till the 50-ies of the XX century); the second period refers to the end of the soviet period and modern stage of development of the legislation concerning biosphere reserves (from 50-ies of the XX century till the modern times). This periodization is due to the fact that the biosphere reserve as a separate special category of protected areas appears only in the second half of the twentieth century. The concept of biosphere reserve was introduced in 1971 by the intergovernmental scientific program of UNESCO «Man and biosphere» (MAB), whose mission from the very beginning of the transaction was to create a scientific basis to improve the interaction between man and environment. The program was perceived by the Ukrainian SSR and was further developed in Ukraine. Only with the adoption on June 16 1992 of law of Ukraine «On nature reserve fund of Ukraine», which defined the biosphere reserve as an environmental research institution of international significance with its own task, the biosphere status was enshrined at the legislative level for the biosphere reserves which are already functioning in Ukraine. Therefore, biosphere reserves than other categories of natural reserve fund is a new separate form of protection of unique landscapes, considering that it is necessary the further study of the peculiarities of their functioning, the study of foreign experience of legal regulation of biosphere reserves and the development of ways of development of national legislation in relation to the objects of natural reserve fund.