Nature Of Tags Research Articles

The Nature of Tags in a Knowledge Organization System of Primary Visual Resources

ABSTRACTThe study examined user-generated tags to digitized primary visual archival resources to identify the nature of tags as image description. A collection of 3,191 tags from a digital portal (NINES) was used for the study. The tags were analyzed in terms of the attributes of primary archival visual resources users described. The tags were also compared to metadata to detect their relationship with metadata. The findings help understand users' tagging behavior and resource interpretation in primary and historical visual resources in humanities domains. The results of this study demonstrate the value of tags in identifying and determining user points of view and tags' potential to represent and connect to metadata description and to support discovery of relevant resources.

Tagging for Libraries: A Review of the Effectiveness of Tagging Systems for Library Catalogs

Early literature on tagging has been enthusiastic about the potential that it holds for libraries. Theorists have thoroughly analyzed the nature of tags, as well as the benefits and the problems for libraries: the positives and the negatives of tags compared to subject headings, how tagging can help libraries increase the findability of documents, what the benefits from user-created vocabulary are, and so on. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of how tags actually work within the professional context of libraries. More evidence is needed if the library community is to understand whether tags present an exciting opportunity for libraries. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature regarding the implementation of the tagging process primarily in library catalogs. The aim is to document evidence regarding this particular service within the range of library services provided to users.

Expert vs. Novices Dimensions of Tagging Behaviour in an Educational Setting

The organization and representation of information and knowledge have always been exclusively in the domain of professionals and experts. This has begun to change with the development of folksonomies as alternative, user-generated models of organizing information. The aim of this paper is to research the efficiency in tagging and folksonomy. The flexibility of tagging allows users to classify their collections of items in the ways that they find useful, but the personalized variety of terms can present challenges when searching and browsing. In order to determine the efficiency of tagging research evidence about the nature of tagging and tagging behaviour of specific user groups is needed. This paper contributes to research findings in this domain by presenting findings from a study exploring differences in expert and novices tagging. The research was conducted by giving freshman students, with no prior knowledge of tagging or indexing and therefore determined as novices, an article in the social bookmarking service Delicious. Based only on title, subtitle and abstract of the article every student was supposed to assign tags to that article and do the same after reading the whole article. The same procedure was repeated with postgraduate students from the Department of Information Sciences with sufficiently experience and knowledge in tagging and indexing. In this way differences or similarities between tagging by more advanced users and tagging by average / amateur users could be analyzed and compared. The research has surfaced differences in tag numbers and tag distributions. The findings indicate more precision and consistency in tagging of the expert group, indicating that education in tagging could raise the quality of folksonomies on the long term.

TagClusters

Many online communities use TagClouds, an aesthetic and easy to understand visualization, to represent popular tags collaboratively generated by their users. However, due to the free nature of tagging, such collaborative tags have linguistic problems and limitations, such as high semantic density. Moreover, the alphabetical order of TagClouds poorly supports a hierarchical exploration among tags. This paper presents an exploration to support semantic understanding of collaborative tags beyond TagClouds. Based on the results of the authors’ survey of practical usages of collaborative tags, they developed a visualization named TagClusters, in which tags are clustered into different groups, with font size representing tag popularity and the spatial distance indicating the semantic similarity between tags. The subgroups in each group and the overlap between groups are highlighted, illustrating the underlying hierarchical structure and semantic relations between groups. The authors conducted a comparative evaluation with TagClouds and TagClusters based on the same tag set. The results confirmed the advantage of TagClusters in facilitating browsing, comparing and comprehending semantic relations between tags.

A call for social tagging datasets

Tagging represents a new, user-driven form of indexing and labeling resources on the web. The notion of "social tagging" usually refers to web-based systems that are supporting users in collaboratively tagging and sharing resources, such as Delicious, Flickr and others. In recent years, social tagging systems have emerged as an interesting alternative to labeling and linking resources on the web. This development has created an interesting opportunity for the Hypertext research community to gain new perspectives and understanding about the dynamics and nature of tagging and linking in large scale, participative Hypertext systems.

Monoallelic expression of the odourant receptor gene and axonal projection of olfactory sensory neurones.

We have previously generated transgenic mice carrying the murine odourant receptor gene, MOR28, tagged with lacZ. In this animal, the endogenous MOR28 is differently tagged with GFP. It was found that the transgenic and endogenous MOR28 genes are expressed in a mutually exclusive manner and that the two sets of olfactory sensory neurones (OSNs), each expressing either the transgenic or the endogenous MOR28, project their axons to separate glomeruli. Our fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that the two endogenous alleles of MOR28 are also mutually excluded for their transcriptional activation. Therefore, we studied whether there would be any segregation in the projection of the two subsets of OSNs: one set expressing the paternal and the other expressing the maternal allele. It was found that the OSNs for both alleles shared the same glomerulus for their projection, but the projection targets were segregated within the glomerular structure. Two subsets of neurones expressing either the transgenic or the endogenous MOR28 target their axons to two separate glomeruli based on the differences in the genetic backgrounds, nature of tagging, and chromosomal locations. In contrast, neurones expressing a maternal or paternal allele share the same glomeruli, but tend to target to segregated areas within the glomerular structure. The segregation was more prominent with increased differences in the genetic background between the two alleles.