Nature Of Different Kinds Research Articles

Coping with climate change: Three insights for research, intervention, and communication to promote adaptive coping to climate change

Climate change poses a major threat to human well-being and will be the root cause of a variety of stressors in coming decades. Psychologists have an important role to play in developing interventions and communication strategies to help people understand and cope with climate change impacts. Through a review of the literature, we identify three guiding insights for strategies to promote adaptive coping and resilience to climate change stress. First, it is unlikely that one single “correct” or “best” way of communicating about adaptive coping with climate change exists, but there are established best practices communicators can follow. Second, in implementing these best practices, practitioners must attend to the impact of variability in the nature of different kinds of stress caused by climate change, as well as individual differences in how people chronically respond to stressors. Third, because individuals, communities, and ecosystems are interconnected, work on adaptive coping to climate change must address individual coping in the context of community and ecosystem resilience. These insights from psychological science can be leveraged to promote human flourishing despite increasing stressors posed by climate change.

The expression of religious identities and the control of public space

To what extent may an historic nation impress its religious identity on the public space of its society? For example, does it have a right to ban the wearing of hijabs in schools, to insist on the display of crucifixes in school classrooms, or to ban the construction of minarets? My aim in this article is to critically examine the answers which liberal nationalism gives to these questions, focusing in particular on David Miller’s version of this theory. His key claim is that the religion associated with the historic nation may legitimately be given a predominant place in public space. After outlining the principal elements of Miller’s position, I shall criticise the general principle on which it is based, before challenging his views on several particular issues. My conclusion will be that, whilst the historic nation has the right to express its religious identity in the public space of its society to some degree, this right is significantly more constrained than Miller believes. Constraints are derived, in particular, from consideration of the particular nature of different kinds of public space, and consideration of what people need from such spaces, including the need for spaces in which they can express themselves and in which they can feel at home.

Thoughts, Processive Character and the Stream of Consciousness

This paper explores the relation of thought and the stream of consciousness in the light of an ontological argument raised against cognitive phenomenology views. I argue that the ontological argument relies on a notion of ‘processive character’ that does not stand up to scrutiny and therefore it is insufficient for the argument to go through. I then analyse two more views on what ‘processive character’ means and argue that the process-part account best captures the intuition behind the argument. Following this view, I reconstruct the ontological argument and argue that it succeeds in establishing that some mental episodes like judging, understanding and occurrent states of thought do not enter into the stream but fails to exclude episodes like entertaining. Contrary to what it might seem, this conclusion fits well with cognitive phenomenology views, given that, as I show, there is a way for non-processive mental episodes to be fundamentally related to processive ones, such that they cannot be excluded from the phenomenal domain. This paper sheds light on the nature of different kinds of thoughts and questions a fundamental asymmetry between the perceptual and the cognitive domain when it comes to their ontology and temporal character.

A determinação de sentidos lexicais no contexto

This article is an attempt to establish a link between types of anaphora with demonstrative pronouns and the way in which the determination of lexical meaning in context occurs. I intend to show that this analysis may highlight the nature of different kinds of indeterminacy of meaning, namely, polysemy, homonymy and vagueness.

A history of infectious diseases and the microbial world

In keeping with the goal of this series, A History of Infectious Diseases and the Microbial World provides a broad introductory overview of the history of major infectious diseases, including their impact on different populations, the recognition of specific causative agents, and the development of methods used to prevent, control, and treat them. By stressing the major themes in the history of disease, this book allows readers to relate modern concerns to historical materials. It places modern developments concerning infectious diseases within their historical context, illuminating the relationships between patterns of disease and social, cultural, political, and economic factors. Upon completing this volume, readers will be prepared to answer contemporary questions concerning the threat of newly-emerging infectious diseases, potentially devastating pandemics, and the threat of bioterrorism. A History of Infectious Diseases and the Microbial World offers readers answers to specific questions, as well as the challenge of a narrative that will stimulate their curiosity and encourage them to ask questions about the theory, practice, and assumptions of modern medicine. One will gain a precise understanding of the nature of different kinds of pathogens, the unique mechanisms behind disease transmission , and the means used to control, prevent, and treat infectious disease. Although only a few of these deadly illnesses can be addressed in detail, those that are discussed include: malaria, leprosy, bubonic plague, tuberculosis, syphilis, diphtheria, cholera, yellow fever, poliomyelitis, HIV/AIDS, and influenza.

A qualitative scale for the electron withdrawing effect of substituted phenyl groups and heterocycles

The electron withdrawing effect of a variety of differently substituted phenyl groups can be classified on the basis of the C O or C N distance of the corresponding phenolate or aryl amide ions (Ar–O − and Ar–NH −), respectively, which are reliably accessible by DFT calculations on B3LYP/6-311 + G(2d,p) level of theory. An increasing electron withdrawing effect of the aromatic group leads to a shortened C O and C N distance of the corresponding ions. Within the presented model it is also possible to characterize the electronic nature of different kinds of six membered heterocycles. The defined constants Δ( E) m,p – the difference of the E–C distances of the substituted derivatives X-C 6H 4-E and the non-substituted phenyl derivative, C 6H 5-E – exhibit the same tendency as the corresponding Hammett constants. The values of Δ( E) m,p strongly depend on the nature of E. With E = F, the resulting values Δ( F) m,p are found to be accidentally close to the corresponding Hammett constants. Therefore, the values of Δ( E) m,p , which can be easily determined by DFT calculations, are useful tools to classify the electronic nature of different kinds of substituents. The different electronic nature of the groups E, for example O −, NH − or F, gives rise to varying electronic interactions with the connected aromatic ring system. These interactions influence on their part the special interaction of a given substituent X. This is the reason why the constants Δ( E) m,p exhibits different values, which vary depending on the different electronic nature of the groups E. As a consequence, the values Δ( E) m,p open the possibility to classify the electronic nature of substituents X in relation to any neutral or even charged group E.

Opening What Has Been Closed, Relaxing What Has Been Clenched: Dissociation and Enactment Over Time in Committed Relationships

I use dissociation and the concept of the multiple self to link Mitchell's profound insight with Goldner's critique. In the process, I use the idea of dissociation to think about the nature of different kinds of long-term relationships.

An immunohistochemical study of the attachment mechanisms in different kinds of adhesive interfaces in teeth and alveolar bone of the rat

This study was designed to examine the histological and immunohistochemical nature of different kinds of adhesive interfaces in the rat molar region under identical experimental conditions and to discuss the structural and functional similarities between these adhesive interfaces. Four kinds of adhesive interfaces - an initial attachment layer for principal fibers on the developing alveolar bone surface, a reattachment layer for principal fibers on resorbed alveolar bone surface, cement lines on the alveolar bone surface unrelated to the principal fibers, and the cemento-dentinal junction - were examined in 25-d-old male Wistar rats. Routine histological staining, immunohistochemical staining for bone sialoprotein and osteopontin, and digestion tests with trypsin were conducted. The adhesive interfaces showed very similar histological and immunohistochemical features: they were intensely hematoxylin-stainable, deficient in collagen fibrils, and rich in bone sialoprotein and osteopontin. After trypsin treatment the four adhesive interfaces had lost immunoreactivity to bone sialoprotein and osteopontin, and the two adjacent tissue parts held together finally separated at the adhesive interfaces. The above findings suggest that (i) the different types of adhesive interfaces in the rat molar region have a common structure in that they are filled with highly accumulated bone sialoprotein and osteopontin and deficient in collagen fibrils; (ii) accumulated bone sialoprotein and osteopontin are closely associated with the adhesion at the interfaces; and (iii) the adhesive interfaces have a similar developmental process.

La fotografia. entre el dibujo y la virtualidad

La tarea de la semiotica de la imagen no consiste solamente en determinar la especificidad de la imagen como signo, sino tambien en describir las particularidades de diferentes imagenes, como son, por ejemplo, el dibujo, la fotografia y la imagen de computadora. El presente texto describe, primero, el desarrollo del signo del tipo de la imagen en la historia de la humanidad y considera, despues, las particularidades de esos signos en cuanto a su posible reproduccion y su limite con la realidad. La cuarta parte del ensayo estudia la fotografia en su capacidad de signo indexical e iconico, e insiste sobre el caracter global de las reglas de reproduccion que opone ese tipo de imagen al dibujo. En la ultima parte, estudiamos el cambio en la definicion de la fotografia que ha resultado de la emergencia de la imagen sintetica y de la realidad virtual.

Incidence and risk factors for delayed allergy-like reactions to X-ray contrast media in adult and pediatric populations.

The purpose of this article is to discuss the nature of different kinds of iodine based contrast media. The incidence of adverse reactions to iodine based contrast media and the risk factors of these reactions are also discussed. Two studies concerning the delayed/late adverse reactions to contrast media are discussed at the end of the article.

Philosophy and Machine Learning

Philosophers since the ancient Greeks have investigated the nature of different kinds of inference. Although deductive inference in the form of Aristotelian syllogisms and Fregean formal logic has predominated, much attention has also been paid toinduction,inference where the conclusion does not follow necessarily from the premises.

IX.—Researches on Heat. Third Series. § 1. On the unequally Polarizable Nature of different kinds of Heat. § 2. On the Depolarization of Heat. §; 3. On the Refrangibility of Heat

1. The following paper is divided into three sections, containing three distinct yet intimately connected investigations. The two first on the Polarizability and Depolarization of Heat have arisen immediately out of the train of investigation contained in my two former papers, and the researches of others to which they gave rise. The third is on the Refrangibility of Heat, a point of the highest importance for theory.2. The experiments on which these investigations are based have been performed almost exclusively during the past winter. Part of the experiments on Depolarization were, however, made in the winter 1836-7. The mode adopted for trying Refractive Indices I had long ago contemplated. It was not, however, put in practice until January last.

XXIV. Researches on heat. Third series. § 1. On the unequally polarizable nature of different kinds of heat. § 2. On the depolarization of heat. § 3. On the refrangibility of heat

XXIV. <i>Researches on heat. Third series.</i> § 1. <i>On the unequally polarizable nature of different kinds of heat</i>. § 2. <i>On the depolarization of heat</i>. § 3. <i>On the refrangibility of heat</i>

XV. Researches on heat. Third series. § 1. On the unequally polarizable nature of different kinds of heat. § 2. On the depolarization of heat. § 3. On the refrangibility of heat

(1838). XV. Researches on heat. Third series. § 1. On the unequally polarizable nature of different kinds of heat. § 2. On the depolarization of heat. § 3. On the refrangibility of heat. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 13, No. 80, pp. 97-113.