Distribution Of Natural Light Research Articles

A Review of Factors Affecting the Lighting Performance of Light Shelves and Controlling Solar Heat Gain

In areas with a deep floor plan, the distribution of natural light is not uniform. Consequently, relying solely on daylight may not suffice to meet the space’s lighting requirements, necessitating the use of artificial lighting in darker areas. Therefore, a lighting system is needed that not only controls the glare near the windows but also increases the light at the end of the room and provides uniform daylight. One of the widely used systems is the “light shelf”, which has three main functions: shading, increasing the depth of light penetration, and reducing glare. Review articles about light shelves were published in 2015 and 2017, while more than 80% of the studies have been carried out since 2016, and light shelves with more diverse forms and dynamic elements and many consolidations have been proposed. Therefore, there is a need for a more comprehensive review. The main question of this research is how different parameters (including climate, material, ceiling, and integrated systems) can help to increase the efficiency of light shelves. By using a systematic review, studies in the past three decades were classified in order to determine the effect of these parameters on improving lighting performance and controlling solar heat gain.

Natural L ighting of Studio Apartment with East-Oriented Opening

Less optimized natural lighting would result in apartment residents being dependent on artificial lighting, thus increasing energy consumption. Building opening orientation considerably influences the natural light intensity. This research aimed to analyze the natural lighting pattern on apartment units with east-oriented opening orientation and determine methods to support the existing condition to be optimized. This research applied the descriptive analysis research method assumed from calculation outcome of the software DIALux. Results indicated a proportion of units in The H-Residence Apartment do not meet the requirements specified by SNI 03 6197-2011, predominantly in the kitchen area. The average light intensity in a day in units with east-oriented opening reached its peak at 08.00 – 09.00 a.m. and decreased towards 16.00 p.m. following the sun path. The light intensity in numerous areas exceeded the requirements significantly. Other factors influencing the natural light distribution are layout and interior element. Several ways to optimize the natural light intensity utilization are adding suitable shading device, using dark-colored interior elements, and considering the sun path in designing building openings.

Improving Daylight Availability in Heritage Buildings: A Case Study of Below-grade Classrooms in Tehran

Refurbished heritage buildings usually lack in meeting the required standards defined for the new function especially when reused as educational buildings. Therefore, they are usually equipped with different post-occupancy retrofit strategies to achieve an acceptable level of environmental quality and energy demand. Daylight quality and the distribution of natural light is a critical issue in educational spaces, given that the low level of illuminance in classrooms can decrease students' performance and disrupt visual tasks. In this study, daylight performance of below-grade south-facing classrooms in a heritage building in Tehran, Iran is investigated by implementing 57 different daylighting retrofit strategies using climate-based daylight simulations, in relation to the metric Useful Daylight Illuminance 300-3000lux (UDI-Autonomous). The research proposes the use of reflectors on the interior ceiling and exterior side of the windows (on the ground) to achieve the highest result possible. Although, applying these two systems individually, can boost the spatial distribution of daylight to 75 % and 71%, respectively, the combination of them provide users with UDI-Autonomous in 99% of the classroom space for more than half of the occupancy time.

Sunlight and Gaslight: Mapping Light in Mid-Nineteenth-Century New York City

This article evaluates the distribution of natural and artificial light in New York City during the mid-nineteenth century. Analysis centers on the interplay between social factors and morphological characteristics of the urban landscape in impacting New Yorkers’ access to light. The article employs built environment data and geographic information systems (GIS) mapping methodology as its main approach. First, the article makes an exploration into the distribution of natural light. By analyzing the distribution of built features, the article demonstrates that natural light and darkness dispersed along lines of wealth and poverty, as sunlight commodified into a highly coveted resource. The second section of this article draws from archival sources to construct an unprecedented visualization of the street gas main network in mid-century Manhattan. Analysis demonstrates that spatial patterns of artificial light correlated strongly with commerce, as the new technology was prioritized along commercial streets over residential thoroughfare.

Light Distribution Analysis on Buildings Located on the Coastal

Issues of global warming are important. The effects of illuminance level of natural light on the earth’s surface. The use of natural light into buildings can minimize energy consumption as a source of artificial lighting, but it is important to attention to negative effects such as glare, brightness and thermal. The Aryaduta Hotel building located on the coastal area, is an object of research that needs to analyze the distribution of natural light come in to the building. The purpose of this study was to determine how the distribution of natural light in buildings on the coastal area. The results of research concluded that the farther away from the veil the building then the light distribution will decrease, orientation of the building affects the distribution of sunlight and distribution of natural light into the building affects the sun’s radiation in the morning, afternoon and evening. This research can be the base for energy efficient building design.

Analysis of Daylight Distribution on Building Height and Space Depth.

Lighting design is one of the priorities in designing buildings. Natural lighting can reduce energy consumption in buildings. Aesthetic levels are the basis of the planning concept, but need to pay attention to the concept of using natural lighting, in order to realize the energy-efficient building design. The purpose of the study was to determine how the level of illuminance affects the opening area, depth of space and height of the building. Quantitative research method is to analysis statistical data from measurements of illuminance levels in space. The results of the study concluded that the level of illuminance in the meeting room of the Center of Technology building in Hasanuddin University exceeded the illuminance standard. The extent of openings in the building envelope affects the illuminance level in space. Natural light distribution affects the height of the building's floor and the depth of space. Based on this conclusion, it is expected that in designing a building it is necessary to pay attention to the building facade, so that the distribution of natural light is not too high into the building and to avoid negative effects such as glare, high brightness and contrast.

The influence of sun-protective devices on natural Light distribution in premises

The article observes the new approach to a lighting environment in premises of civil buildings in hot and sunny climatic conditions. Under such conditions, the use of sun-protective devices (SPD) of different types and geometrics becomes traditional way of passive climate control in interiors. However, the authors determined, that the most traditional types of external SPD (such as canopies or awnings) have a different effect on indoor lighting environment due to the conditions of external natural illumination under overcast sky vault or clear sky conditions. In the first case, the stationary SPD act as shadowing elements, which block the light flows from the CIE standard overcast sky. In the second case, which corresponds to a clear sky sunny conditions, such SPD block the solar radiation, decreasing overheating and reflect sun beams to an interior, increasing the value of daylight factor (DF) at least in the furthest from windows areas of a premise. The proposed solutions allow reducing electric power consumption in buildings.

Investigating the Influence of Light Shelf Geometry Parameters on Daylight Performance and Visual Comfort, a Case Study of Educational Space in Tehran, Iran

Daylight can be considered as one of the most important principles of sustainable architecture. It is unfortunate that this is neglected by designers in Tehran, a city that benefits from a significant amount of daylight and many clear sunny days during the year. Using a daylight controller system increases space natural light quality and decreases building lighting consumption by 60%. It also affects building thermal behavior, because most of them operate as shading. The light shelf is one of the passive systems for controlling daylight, mostly used with shading and installed in the upper half of the windows above eye level. The influence of light shelf parameters, such as its dimensions, shelf rotation angle and orientation on daylight efficiency and visual comfort in educational spaces is investigated in this article. Daylight simulation software and annual analysis based on climate information during space occupation hours were used. The results show that light shelf dimensions, as well as different orientations, especially in southern part, are influential in the distribution of natural light and visual comfort. At the southern orientation, increased light shelf dimensions result in an increase of the area of the work plane with suitable daylight levels by 2%–40% and a significant decrease in disturbing and intolerable glare hours.

유대인 뮤지엄 전시공간의 조형적 표현 특성에 관한 연구

Today, museums are designed with specific purposes with themes to raise issues based on themes, history, culture or other special focuses. Among many of these thematic museums, Jewish museums are built around the world in order to let the future generations know the history and dark past memory of the Jewish people. Accordingly, the aim and significance of this study are to analyze the characteristics of design expressions of the museum architecture of Jewish museums done by various architects to help visitors empathize the dark period of the Jews during the holocaust. This particular study will be focused on analyzing 7 museums under the theme of holocaust and Jewish people's life affected because of the tragic event. Spatial organization, exhibition space composition, exhibition techniques such as the exhibition storytelling or scenario and natural light distribution will be analyzed to find expressional characters of Jewish museum's design and how the design form strengthen the museum's purpose. To achieve the aim of the study, targets for the theoretical discussion and case analysis regarding the design approach are discussed in chapter 2, characteristics of the cases are analyzed and synthesized in chapter 3, and finally the conclusion in chapter 4. The study found, that distinctive characters of spatial expression have direct impact on visitor's understanding of the museum purpose and it helps viewers to empathize and to be educated about the situation. Well designed architectural form, spatial organization, choice of materials and colors as well as story telling techniques of the museum will solidify the meaning of the exhibitions inside. Results found in the study will be the guidance for future study on thematic museum planning.

The natural lighting of the mosaics in the Rotunda at Thessaloniki

This study examines the distribution of natural light on the mosaics in the dome of the Rotunda in Thessaloniki. It reveals that the monument is governed by a system of geometrical proportions which is repeated in the zones of mosaics in the dome. An important role in the illumination of the mosaics is played by the suitably fashioned sills of the large windows and the use of gold tesserae in the dome. The lighting is also assisted by the form of the dome and the appropriate inclination of the surface of the mosaic in relation to the light entering the large arched windows and also the light entering the lunettes which lie at the base of the dome.