Natural Electromagnetic Radiation Research Articles

Development prospects of natural electromagnetic radiation recording technology to predict geodynamic phenomena in Norilsk mines

Development prospects of natural electromagnetic radiation recording technology to predict geodynamic phenomena in Norilsk mines

TO THE EXPEDIENCY OF STUDENTS' TRAINING IN ELECTROMAGNETIC POLLUTION PROTECTION

Problem statement. Electromagnetic radiation is a combination of electric and magnetic radiation, the energy of which, when it affects a given material body, does not cause an ionisation process in it. Natural electromagnetic radiation not only guarantees the proper development of every living organism, but also affects the change of seasons and weather. Humans have disturbed the Earth's natural electromagnetic environment by including devices that emit electromagnetic energy in a wide range of frequencies. Artificial electromagnetic fields accompany us everywhere: at home, at work, on the road, and during leisure. The sanitary and hygienic state of the environment, including the electromagnetic situation in populated cities, is of great hygienic importance for ensuring proper living conditions for the population. The electromagnetic situation in cities and other settlements is created by a large number of radio and electrical equipment for economic, defence and other purposes. The purpose of the article. To conduct a systematic analysis of the impact of electromagnetic radiation from various types of electrical equipment on the environment. It is shown that electromagnetic radiation is dangerous both for the population as a whole, especially for children, and for personnel who operate powerful equipment - sources of electromagnetic radiation. Conclusion. Studies of electromagnetic radiation in the environment show that prolonged exposure to powerful electromagnetic fields can cause illness and even death. Therefore, rules for using artificial sources of electromagnetic radiation should be followed to minimise the damage to both human health and the environment. These rules are not so difficult to follow, but they are quite effective. And for labour protection and civil safety specialists, this knowledge will enable them to create safe working conditions in the workplace.

Physical Differences between Man-Made and Cosmic Microwave Electromagnetic Radiation and Their Exposure Limits, and Radiofrequencies as Generators of Biotoxic Free Radicals

The critical arguments for radiofrequency radiation exposure limits are currently based on the principle that radio frequencies (RF) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are non-ionising, and their exposure limits are even 100-fold lower than those emitted from the Sun in the whole RF-EMF spectrum. Nonetheless, this argument has been challenged by numerous experimental and theoretical studies on the diverse biological effects of RF-EMF at much lower power density (W/m2) levels than today’s exposing limits. On the other hand, less attention has been given to counterarguments based on the differences in the physics concepts underlying man-made versus natural electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and on the fact that man’s biology has been adapted to the natural EMR levels reaching Earth’s surface at single EMF wavelengths, which are the natural limits of man’s exposure to EMFs. The article highlights the main points of interaction of natural and man-made radiation with biomatter and reveals the physical theoretical background that explains the effects of man-made microwave radiation on biological matter. Moreover, the article extends its analysis on experimental quantum effects, establishing the “ionising-like” effects of man-made microwave radiation on biological matter.

Low Intensity Microwave Fields and Radiation and Their Interaction with the Human Body

Sources of low-intensity microwave signals formation, which affect the metabolism processes when they interact with human body, are considered in the article. It’s noticed that increasing intensity level of the technogenic signals in environment significantly exceeds natural electromagnetic fields and radiation (EMR). The peculiarities of the registration and measurement of low-intensity signals parameters of the microwave range are considered. The processes of the interaction of the microwave signals and human organism are analyzed. Formation mechanisms of the positive and negative microwave flows of the electromagnetic radiation are revealed. Particularly, possible formation mechanism of the microwave EMR fluxes of implants in the human body. The results of the experimental study of the EMR signals levels of the objects contacting with human body, partly materials for bone defects replacement and soft tissues regeneration so as materials for physiotherapy, are given. The use of the term “electromagnetic compatibility” for materials which contacting the human body, is proposed. The expediency of its use is proven. Microwave properties of materials for clothes, minerals and building materials, which can affect the human body and environment, have been also studied.

Transient electromagnetic radiation of the lithosphere in a seismically active region

To study the electromagnetic radiation of the lithosphere associated with seismic waves, we used the recordings of the natural electromagnetic radiation obtained under conditions of weak industrial noise and a high level of microseismicity in the ELF-VLF wave bands. It is shown that these data contain information about the surface waves of the Earth’s crust and are accompanied by a frequency close to the first harmonic of the Schumann resonance. The distribution of spikes over thresholds is obtained, which can be indicators of the activity in the processes of the Earth’s crust. The averaged form of the spikes for different components of the electromagnetic field is obtained. Attention is drawn to the differences in the various components of the electromagnetic field and their diurnal differences are analyzed. The possibility of using the approach to predict the short-term movement of the Earth’s crust is considered.

Logging of natural electromagnetic radiation in iron ore deposits by the example of Gusevogorskoye and Severo-Taratashskoye deposits

Logging of natural electromagnetic radiation in iron ore deposits by the example of Gusevogorskoye and Severo-Taratashskoye deposits

Deformation-Electromagnetic Relations in Lithospheric Activity Manifestations

It has been shown that dipole radiation of accelerated charges, described by Larmor relation, is the basis of the known mechanic-electromagnetic processes of rock deformation. Comparison of crust deformation acceleration with natural electromagnetic field parameters of ELF-VLF range showed good relation. It manifests in the maxima of occurrence frequency density of synchronous deformation-electromagnetic events on two dimensional histograms. The data of a laser strain-meter and a recorder of natural electromagnetic radiation of ELF-VLF range, recorded in a zone of increased seismic activity (Kamchatka, Karymshina site), were used. The authors made an assumption on the existence of stationary regions of deformation process and mechanic-electromagnetic transformations corresponding to regions with different mechanic properties and rock petrographic composition.

Application of «Sensor signal analysis network» complex for distributed, time synchronized analysis of electromagnetic radiation

The paper considers a developing software-hardware complex «Sensor signal analysis network» for distributed and time synchronized analysis of electromagnetic radiations. The areas of application and the main features of the complex are described. An example of application of the complex to monitor natural electromagnetic radiation sources is considered based on the data recorded in VLF range. A generalized functional scheme of stream analysis of signals by a complex functional node is suggested and its application for stream detection of atmospherics, whistlers and tweaks is considered.

Geological environmental monitoring based on synchronous borehole geoacoustic and electromagnetic measurements: Use of natural electromagnetic radiation

The results of synchronous geoacoustic and electromagnetic measurements at three boreholes located in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky geodynamic survey area with considerably different electromagnetic environments are studied. It is shown that reliable detection of geoacoustic emission responses to natural electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.01–1.0 kHz is possible if geophones are placed in sufficiently deep boreholes. The results demonstrate the fundamental possibilty of using natural super-low-frequency electromagnetic radiation to monitoring of stress–strain states of the geological environment.

STUDY OF EM WAVE ABSORPTION AND SHIELDING CHARACTERISTICS FOR A BONSAI TREE FOR GSM-900 BAND

Electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption characteristics for a Bonsai tree are investigated at GSM-900 band. Finite Difierence in Time Domain (FDTD) method is hybridized with Friis transmission equation to carry out all the required EM simulations. The tree has been modelled using CT scan based 3D dataset considering difierent electrical parameters. Maximum local electric (E) fleld, magnetic (H) fleld, Speciflc Absorption Rate (SAR) and Shielding Efiectiveness (SE) have been calculated for the tree placing at distance of 5m away from a radiating Base Station Antenna (BSA) with 20W input power. The maximum local E fleld, H fleld, 1-g SAR and SE obtained by the simulation are found to be 70.1V/m, 0.09A/m, 0.135W/kg and 13.18dB, respectively. Plants are found to be good natural electromagnetic radiation shield.

AB1250 Measurement of joint temperature by microwave radiometry as a novel and simple method for the detection of synovial inflammation: A pilot study

BackgroundMicrowave Radiometry (MR) is a non-invasive method which rapidly (30 sec) measures the temperature of internal tissues in vivo. MR functions by determining the natural electromagnetic radiation from internal tissues...

Patterns in the daily periodicity of low magnitude seismicity in Kamchatka

A daily periodicity in small (K ≤ 8. 0) Kamchatka earthquakes has been detected, with the maximum occurring during the nighttime. The effect was not observed throughout the area of study, but only in several zones. We show that the results are not affected by human and weather factors. A hypothesis is put forward to explain the physical causes of the effect, viz., that the daily periodicity of small earthquakes could be due to natural VLF electromagnetic radiation acting on the geologic medium. It is pointed out that the effect is related to the previously identified effect of natural electromagnetic radiation modulating the intensity of geoacoustic emission from rocks.

Electromagnetic radiation of lithospheric origin: Detection method and first results

A method of recording and detecting closely located natural electromagnetic radiation sources, including sources of lithospheric origin in seismically active regions is described. The field experiment is performed in a region with low man-caused noise and high microseismic activity (Kamchatka, Karymshina). A sequence of data demonstrating a large variety of recorded signals from closely located sources is analyzed.

Natural electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and its application in structural geology and neotectonics

Natural electromagnetic radiation (EMR) impulses are emitted from rocks under stress. Electromagnetic emission may start during crystal deformation prior to and during the nucleation phase of nanocracks. The emission direction is either parallel with or normal to the crack surfaces. The EMR magnetic component is measured by the sensor or aerial of an instrument, the Cerescope, at frequencies from 5 to 50 kHz. Measurements at the surface show directions of recent stresses remarkably well. A calibration of EMR intensity in terms of stress magnitude is possible in tunnels, where the overburden pressure can be calculated. Two examples from the Upper Rhine Graben and NW India show EMR line measurements. In both cases, stress concentrations at fault or bedding surfaces can be detected. These surfaces can be regarded as tectonically active. Two further examples of EMR determinations in tunnels give more detailed information on the regional stress field. The example from the Swiss Jura fold-and-thrust belt shows directional results, with different directions beneath and above the regional detachment horizon at the base of the belt. The example from central Scandinavia shows a late Caledonian shear zone as a boundary between two recent stress domains, and gives absolute values of stress.

Abstract 5545: An Experimental Study With Microwave Thermography for the Assessment of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

Background: Intravascular thermography (IVT) is the only method currently available, which can measure heat generation from atheromatic plaques indicating local inflammation. Thermal heterogeneity of the atheromatic plaque has been correlated with mophological characteristics of the culprit lesion in patients with coronary artery disease. Microwave radiometry (MR) is a new non-invasive method. We investigated whether thermal heterogeneity measured by MR is correlated with IVT findings in an experimental model of atherosclerotic disease. Methods: Microwave radiometry (RTM-01-RES system) was applied noninvasively in 18 atherosclerotic segments of the aorta (3 segments, 5cm long in 6 rabbits) that were clearly separated from each other, as well as in 18 control segments. Microwave radiometry measures natural electromagnetic radiation from the internal tissues at microwave frequencies that is proportional to the temperature of tissue. The system consists of an internal temperature sensor with the antenna, a skin temperature sensor and the data processing unit. The accuracy of measuring the internal temperature of the device is±0.2°C and the depth of temperature detection is 1–7 cm. Thereafter, IVT was performed in the same segments. For both techniques temperature difference (ΔT) was calculated by subtracting the mean temperature of proximal healthy vessel wall from the maximal temperature of each segment. Results: Thermal heterogeneity was detected by both methods in the rabbits with the high atherogenic diet. Microwave radiometry detected that ΔT of the atherosclerotic aortas was significantly higher compared to the ΔT of the controls (0.98±0.27 °C versus 0.40±0.14°C, p<0.001). These findings were confirmed by the measurements acquired by IVT. Mean temperature difference was 0.07±0.01 °C for the atherosclerotic aortas versus 0.02±0.01°C, (p<0.001) for the control group. The segments that had the highest ΔT were those that were recognized in angiography as having significant atheromatosis. Conclusion: Microwave radiometry is the first non-invasive method for detection of local inflammatory activation in arterial segments in an experimental model. Further studies in humans should be performed for the evaluation of this method.

Pre-seismic characteristics of electromagnetic radiation and natural geoelectric potential in Fujian and Taiwan Area

the Fujian-Taiwan area. stations were set up, the most common interference sources are believed to be due to thunder and lightning incidents and the wave forms of this kind are easy to be identified. The natural geoelectric polential and electromagnetic radiation receivable stations of Fujian Province are about 300 km away from the Taiwan seismic zones, the most active area of earthquakes in China. Meanwhile, seismic activity in Fujian Province has obviously strengthened, and the year of 1992 was its most active period in the past 20 years. In 1992 there occurred five M s > 4 . 0 earthquakes with maximum magnitude of Ms5.2. Since 1993, when the Shuikou reservoir on the Minjiang River stored water, there successively occurred six M L > 3.0 earthquakes, and the maximum magnitude reached to M L > 3 . 8 (twice). These events provide an opportunity to study the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation before earthquakes for By analyzing earthquake examples, this paper studies the feature of

On the presence and generation of AC and DC electric fields and small ions in closed rooms as a function of building materials, utilization, and electrical installation

In the discussion on possible biological effects of natural atmospheric electric fields or electromagnetic radiation it is frequently overlooked that man, under normal living and working conditions in closed rooms, is also exposed to considerable fields of various types and strengths. Therefore an extensive “inventory” has been made of such ac and dc fields as they occur in rooms of different construction, utilization, and electrical equipment. Results are presented and discussed, also with respect to biological conditions, including some typical examples from the relevant literature.

Relationship between the pulse rate of atmospherics and the diffusion time of ions in gelatin films

The pulse rates of natural atmospherics, recorded at the frequencies of 10 and 27 kHz respectively, were correlated with the measured diffusion times (TD) of ions in gelatin films. It was found that the difference ΔS of the atmospherics pulse rates at 10 and 27 kHz correlates well with the variations of the TD-values. The correlation coefficient is 0.75 (ΔS/TD) in each case. It is evident that the natural electromagnetic radiation is able to change the chemical structure of the gelatin resulting in the observed variations of diffusion times of ions.

Relationship between the diffusion time of ions in gelatin films and the absolute humidity in free air

At a printing-works in Munich it was observed over a period of several years, in fully air-conditioned rooms, that the diffusion times of ions, penetrating a gelatin layer during the etching process of the printing cylinders, showed irregular fluctuations about the expected value within the range from −20% to +110%. Concurrent measurements of several meteorological parameters led to the detection of a strong linear relationship between the diffusion time of ions and the absolute humidity (AH-value) of the outside air. The AH-value seems to act as an indicator for part of the natural electromagnetic radiation affecting the properties of the gelatin film.

High-energy gamma-ray astronomy

All the natural electromagnetic radiation reaching the Earth, whether from nearby or remote parts of the universe, brings with it information on the contents or structure of the region in which it originated. This is true of each part of the spectrum, from radio waves through the visible, ultraviolet and x-ray regions, to the realm of high-energy gamma rays which is our subject here. We will be concentrating on celestial gamma rays, with energies above about 10 MeV, which provide clear and in some respects unique information on the high-energy particles and processes in the universe, both currently and in the remote past.