National Task Research Articles

Determination of the formation model of the phase concentration field along the section of the turbulent flow of hydrotransport using information technologies

The problem of increasing the reliability and durability of hydrotransport facilities is one of the most important national economic tasks. The formation of the concentration field of the second dispersed phase, which is nonuniform over the cross section, is studied by the turbulent stationary motion of the mixture in a horizontal cylindrical pipe and the transporting ability of the flow is estimated. The article proposed a mathematical model and a method for calculating the concentration field of solid particles along the depth of the flow using information technologies, where the formation of the concentration field is first determined through the size of solid particles when a two-phase mixture moves in a horizontal cylindrical pipe. Also, in this model of mixture motion, the coefficient of the force of interaction between the phases is determined depending on the concentration distribution. The problem is solved by a numerical method using the integrated system for mathematical calculations MathCAD. Investigating the numerical results of the problem, the nature of the formation of the concentration field at various values of the saturation of the flow with solid particles and which makes it possible to estimate the size of these particles taking into account the turbulence of the flow. The implementation of the developed mathematical models and recommendations will make it possible to predict the transporting ability of a two-phase flow in pressure systems, and help to find solutions for spatial hydrotransportation and irrigation and drainage systems.

Digital transformation of vocational educational organizations of Ukraine: European vector

The article presents an overview of normative documents, research results, conclusions on the topic of digital transformation of education systems, in particular in the EU countries. The generalization of materials, which help to define, at what stage of digital transformations there is an education of Ukraine, a place of system of vocational education in this global process, is presented. Examples are given as an active position in the direction of ensuring digital transformations of educational and managerial processes in a particular educational institution; it contributes to the implementation of national tasks in the direction of ensuring the digital development of society. Emphasis is placed on how the role of methodological services is changing, on the need for systemic changes in the perception of the educational institution's perception of the process of ensuring the digital development of both teachers and students, and vocational education institutions in general. The study examines four vectors of digital development for vocational (technical) education institutions of Ukraine from the possible options, proposed by European colleagues who have already shown positive results at the level of the education system (vocational in particular) and a separate institution of vocational (technical) education. In particular, the possibility of measuring the level of digital development of the educational institution through the use of the SELFIE service, developed by the European Commission together with a group of educational experts and practitioners from European countries, was considered. The platform is available in more than thirty languages, including Ukrainian. Examples of online tools common in both European educational communities and those, developed by domestic specialists (but taking into account European experience,) are given, thanks to which it is possible to carry out self-assessment, assessment, and soon certification of digital competencies of teachers. Ways to solve the problem of insufficient digital literacy of students, which, along with Ukrainian, and European researchers pay attention to, are given. There are wide opportunities for the development of digital infrastructure, which provides educational institutions with participation in competitions and programs of the European Union, such as Erasmus +

Community pantries initiatives: community response to the deeper issue of poverty.

To the editor In a recently published correspondence, the author tries to understand the existence of community pantries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The program, according to the author not only builds a virtue of solidarity among its volunteers but also recognizes that the program can be tainted with the vice of laziness knowing that the recipients can become ‘too dependent and lazier’. A question, therefore, was posed by the author: ‘Should the community pantries cease to operate to avoid the poor/needy of having been engulfed with laziness, thus, encouraging idleness and tolerating their helplessness?’1 I wish to build further this discussion considering that there is already pressure coming from the government and the barangay to shut down the operation of community pantries due to various health and security measures being violated by the latter, or to consolidate pantries into a single one.2 Another reason was the violent measure of the government to red-tag organizers of community pantries, which led to temporarily halted operations and forcing residents dependent on the pantry to go home empty-handed.3 This move by the government caused an uproar among Filipinos and called the move ‘sickening’. One of the spokesperson of NTF-ELCAC (National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict) in his TV interview likened Ms, Non, an organizer of community pantry to Satan.4

Perioperative management of post-COVID-19 surgical patients: Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA National) Advisory and Position Statement.

Perioperative management of post-COVID-19 surgical patients: Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA National) Advisory and Position Statement.

Health in the Perception of Russians and Real Medical Practices

Introduction. Maintaining and strengthening health of the population is a priority national task. Currently, this problem, in the context of changing social reality associated with the pandemic of COVID-19, is gaining special relevance. Previous studies have demonstrated that lifestyle and concern with own health have a major impact on human health status. The objective of our study was to analyze self-rated health status of Russian people and their attitude to health issues, including practical attitude to medical care and self-medication. Methods. The article is based on the results of a sociological research of behavioral practices of the population within self-preservation behavior. The main source of empirical information was the all-Russian sociological survey of the population representing various socio-demographic groups. Results. The study reveals an increase in the positive perception of own health by the population over the past two decades. At the same time, citizens suffer from a wide range of diseases naturally affecting their self-rated health status. The situation is further aggravated by unfavorable social and psychological well-being caused, inter alia, by the pandemic and related challenges. Despite an increasing demand for qualified medical care for diseases, self-medication remains widespread and may have a negative health effect attributed to the uncontrolled drug use practiced by the respondents. Health maintenance practices of the population are largely related to the income and the lack of subspecialists, especially in rural or remote areas. Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate the need to improve access to medical care and medical literacy of citizens and to expand incentives for self-preservation and health promotion.

A REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

There is legitimate concern over worker safety issues across the world, as well as an international thrust to make the workplace safer. In this context, organizations such as the International Labour Organization and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration have published several important documents that provide guidelines to ensure the maximum safety at work in different environments. Whereas, implementing these international provisions and standards in different countries could be desirable, it should be remembered that the ground realities in terms of existing national standards, local laws and customs, technology levels, and availability of implementation protocols across the world are quite different. Therefore, certain changes will need to be made before such guidelines can be adopted as part of the legal framework in any country. By undertaking a literature survey, this paper reviews some of the existing international conventions and then examines the relevant legislative applications in the Indian context, with an aim to see what would be suitable for India. It was found that the loopholes in laws and lack of regular inspections for various reasons, result in widespread ignorance of occupational safety across different stakeholders. From the study, it is recommended that setting up a national task force and central regulatory body, improvement of awareness levels, streamlining of inspections and audits and fast-tracking legal proceedings would be critical for developing and implementing improved industrial safety standards.

ГЕОДЕЗІЯ, КАРТОГРАФІЯ І АЕРОФОТОЗНІМАННЯ

Purpose. The aim of the research is to develop fuzzy impact models of the natural and anthropogenic influence, which allows to integrate different physical factors, which makes it possible to bring them to a single environmental assessment system and comparison of different assessed areas. Methodology. The basis of the proposed modeling is a traditional approach on the development of such models, which includes conceptual, logical and physical modeling levels. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used for conceptual modeling level, which is recommended as the main modeling tool in the set of international standards in geographic information / geomatics and software that supports the interactive mode of UML diagrams creation Visio. The geospatial database and SQL-functions are implemented and the extension of the standard SQL-99 language with a new data type geometry and built-in functions which provides storage, processing and analysis of geospatial data in database management systems is used. The proposed models are realized in the environment of object-relational DBMS PostgreSQl / Postgis and geographic information system QGIS. Results. A review of the experience of using fuzzy logic to assess the state of the environment is done. Technological models for computation of indicators of administrative unit provision by social infrastructure objects, influence of greenery, industrial territories and transport on the environment are offered and realized. An example of approbation of the proposed approach based on OpenStreetMaps open data for the Popasnianskyi distinct of Luhansk region territory is given. Scientific novelty. Theoretical generalizations are made and practical results are received of resolving applied problem of the development of the fuzzy impact assessment model of various factors influence on the environment with use of GIS. Such assessment can be used at the stage of community spatial development strategies preparation to determine the most acceptable development version, as well as to unify the means of strategies implementation monitoring, organically linking local, national and global tasks. Practical significance. The application of the proposed approach of GRID modeling and fuzzy impact assessment use in assessing the quality of the environment allows to integrate different indicators, compare them, by bringing them into a single evaluation system.

Recognition of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Expertise to Promote Care Accessibility: A Formally Credentialed Area of Focused Competence in Canada

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and cellular therapy (CT) exploit the therapeutic potential of manipulated or unmanipulated hematopoietic cells to treat diseases. While initially dedicated to the treatment of hematologic malignancies and disorders, the use of these therapies in several diseases and cancers is currently under investigation. Indications are currently booming. In the midst of this expansion, both the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) and the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) have highlighted the global shortage of hematologists adequately trained in this field of high expertise. This shortage in transplant physicians and cellular therapists can significantly impact patients' access to cell-based therapy. To address this unmet need and attract aspiring hematologists to the field of cellular therapy, as well as to standardize training, anticipating this trend, a Canadian national task force aiming to develop a structured academic program in HSCT and CT was created. Workshops were organized to identify and establish the fundamentals of the practice in HSCT and CT. These workshops followed a rigorous process in developing the competency-based training program established by the Royal College. The program begins with the development of the main tasks associated with the practice of the discipline and the evidence that trainees must provide to demonstrate that they can perform these tasks independently (the competence portfolio). It continues with the development of training requirements that summarize the knowledge, skills, and aptitudes required to perform these tasks, followed by specific exposure during training (milestones) essential to demonstrate the acquisition of these skills. HSCT and CT together is now formally recognized as an Area of Focused Competence (AFC) by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, a national organization that provides oversight of the medical education of specialists in Canada. AFCs are areas of specialty medicine that address a legitimate societal and patient population need previously unmet by the system of primary and subspecialty disciplines. The AFC designation for HSCT and CT provides a standardized curriculum, training experience, and accreditation process to attract young hematologists and promote expertise and quality care to meet the needs of both patients and society. A critical number of highly qualified hematologists will ensure continuing expansion of accessibility to HSCT and CT.

Contextualising evidence-based recommendations for the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India

Contextualising evidence-based recommendations for the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India

Second wave of COVID-19 pandemic and the surge of mucormycosis: Lessons learnt and future preparedness: Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA National) Advisory and Position Statement.

Second wave of COVID-19 pandemic and the surge of mucormycosis: Lessons learnt and future preparedness: Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA National) Advisory and Position Statement.

Somaliland: a self-declared country’s fight against COVID-19

Somaliland despite having a weak health system, managed COVID-19 better than some well-resourced countries in the continent by establishing a National Task Force to direct efforts in early detection, surveillance, risk communication and infection control of the virus. The Ministry of Health has been able to garner personnel with medical skills to increase the response workforce and also supervise the activities of medical facilities across the country. However, these measures have shown unfavorable effect on the economy. Somaliland is in active trade with other African countries and neglecting the impact of the virus can greatly affect the trade partner countries. Appropriate relief funds should be offered by capable countries to lessen the economic impact of the pandemic in the country. In the meantime, it is time to reframe the health system of Somaliland and improve sectors that have been underfunded like emergency, intensive care units and the surgical departments.

TRAINING OF PERSONNEL FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA: TRADITION AND DIGITAL FUTURE

The paper analyses features of formation and development of Ancient China management training that laid the socio-cultural foundation of modern training of personnel for public administration of the People’s Republic of China and PRC transformation towards digital future. To this end, the author considers two main historically established systems in the field of traditional management that have been used in order to complete the national task of selecting, training, retraining, educating of public officials: recommendation and control system and system of specialized educational institutions. The article pays special attention to the understanding of dynamics and prospects of professionalization of modern Chinese management training, which is the multilevel system, where the lowest level is occupied with selection and initial training of public officials, whereas the highest level is occupied with certification and retraining of top tier administrative personnel. The author shows the importance of transparent procedures for admission to the civil service and moving up the administrative ladder, moral image of public official, as well as the role of prognostic practices, informatization for the improvement of training of public officials.

The National Health Plan 2030: Its Purpose and Directions of Development.

The National Health Plan 2030 (HP2030) started to be prepared in 2017 and was completed and announced in December 2020. This study presents an overview of how it was established, the major changes in policies, its purpose, and future directions. This study analyzed the steps taken in the past 4 years to establish HP2030 and reviewed major issues at the international and governmental levels based on an evaluation of HP2020 and its content. HP2030 establishes 6 divisions and 28 topic areas, and it will continue to expand investments in health with a total budget of 2.5 trillion Korean won. It also established goals to enhance health equity for the first time, with the goal of calculating healthy life expectancy in a way that reflects the circumstances of Korea and reducing the gap in income and healthy life expectancy between regions. The establishment of HP2030 is significant in that it constitutes a sustainable long-term plan with sufficient preparation, contains policy measures that everyone participates in and makes together, and works towards improvements in universal health standards and health equity. With the announcement of HP2030, which includes goals and directions of the national health policy for the next 10 years, it will be necessary to further strengthen collaboration with relevant ministries, local governments, and agencies in various fields to concretize support for prevention-centered health management as a national task and to develop a health-friendly environment that considers health in all policy areas.

Climate Change Impact on the Glaciers of the Rioni River Basin (Georgia)

Abstract Since the beginning of the 21st century, studies of glaciers in Georgia have become more important, because the degradation of glaciers causes an increase in the intensity and frequency of natural disasters of a glacial and hydrological nature, an increase in water levels in the Black Sea, and a changes in river water regime. Studying the current state of the ice sheet in Georgia is an important national economic task, and to obtainobtaining a scientifically sound answer on modern conditions of the glaciers, due to the impact of current climate change is an urgent task. To solve this task, high-resolution satellite remote sensing (SRS) is used. The r. Rioni basin (West Georgia) is one of the most important glacier basins in Georgia, where the powerful glaciers are spread and their change is of great interest. In this work there are presented the results of the study of r. Rioni glasiers glaciers degradation due to the influence of current climate change including the expected time of their full melting.

Съезды московского общества сельского хозяйства: система развития аграрных преобразований. XIX – начало XX в.

In the proposed article, on the basis of the materials of the Moscow Society of Agriculture identified in the fund of the Central Scientific Agricultural Library. With the involvement of the developments of researchers on the history of agrarian thought in Russia in the 19th and early 20th centuries, forms of communication between the scientific and professional communities are determined for the modernization of the agricultural sector of agriculture after the peasant reform of 1861 of the year. The publication highlights the main forms of communication: the publishing activity of the Society, the organization of exhibitions and congresses. To assess the large-scale activities of the Moscow Society of Agriculture for 110 years, a brief overview of its practical work is presented, and the role in the agrarian rationalization of agriculture in Russian historiography is revealed. Members of the Moscow Society have made a significant contribution to the study of the state of agriculture, ways of evolution and methods of increasing its productivity. On the example of materials from three All-Russian congresses on agronomic assistance to the population, the organizational aspects of resolving issues of agricultural management in the regions of Russia. The role and significance of the public initiative is especially valuable today, when the problems of innovative renewal and modernization of the agricultural sector are becoming a national task. For its successful solution, the documents of the congresses can be useful, since they make it possible to trace the genesis of the processes of agricultural development in various thematic areas and economic zones in historical terms and to avoid possible mistakes in decision-making.

AZƏRBAYCANIN VERGİ SİSTEMİNİN FORMALAŞMASI VƏ TƏNZİMLƏNMƏSİNİN İQTİSADİ ƏHƏMİYYƏTİ

The transition of the economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan to market principles after gaining independence created the need for radical reforms in the tax system, as in other areas. That is why the national leader Heydar Aliyev set tasks for the tax authorities to improve the tax system, stimulate the development of entrepreneurship, and create a favorable investment climate in the country. The economic reforms founded by Heydar Aliyev and successfully continued today by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev have led to significant qualitative changes in the Azerbaijani economy. Attracting large investments in the country's economy, macroeconomic stability, creating a legal framework that promotes the business sector, and several other factors have created conditions for developing the tax system. Key words: налоговая система, экономика, НДС, бюджет, переходная экономика

A Statistical Analysis of Drug Seizures and Opioid Overdose Deaths in Ohio from 2014 to 2018

Objective. To examine the association between drug seizures and drug overdose deaths in Ohio from 2014 to 2018.
 Methods. We use linear regression, ARIMA models, and categorical data analysis to quantify the effect of drug seizure composition and weight on drug overdose deaths, to quantify the lag between drug seizures and overdose deaths, and to compare the weight distributions of drug seizures conducted by different types of law enforcement (national, local, and drug task forces).
 Results. Drug seizure composition and weight have strong predictive value for drug overdose deaths (F = 27.14, p < 1e-15, R² = .7799). A time series analysis demonstrates no statistically significant lag between drug seizures and overdose deaths or weight. Histograms and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests demonstrate stark differences between seizure weight distributions of different types of law enforcement (p < 1e-7 for each pairwise comparison).
 Conclusions. Consideration of drug composition and weight can inform law enforcement seizure activity. To save lives, law enforcement should emphasize seizures of low weight drugs that contain fentanyl.

Role of a dedicated support group in retaining Sri Lanka's malaria-free status

The Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance (APLMA) is an affiliation of Asia and Pacific heads of government, formed to accelerate progress against malaria and to eliminate it in the region by 2030. The APLMA Malaria Elimination Roadmap , endorsed by 22 Asia Pacific countries, calls for each country to consider establishing a National Malaria Elimination Task Force (or similar body), chaired by a senior central agency ofThe APLMA Leaders'f icial for national stewardship towards the 2030 malaria elimination goal. The APLMA Leaders' Dashboard was developed to track progress and achievement in malaria control and elimination in 22 countries in the Asia Pacific. One of the indicators on the APLMA Leaders Dashboard is to note the progress towards formation of a National Task Force (or equivalent). It is proposed that the task force or equivalent body shall meet at least once a year to take necessary actions to ensure that national targets are met. This case study elaborates on Sri Lanka's success story in eliminating malaria and maintaining the malaria free status. The case highlights the role of a committed advisory group in achieving this and the lessons learnt from Sri Lanka's experience. The case study also briefly mentions the formation of the national and state Task Forces in India [Figure 1], to support the phased elimination strategy, and the need of having a ‘whole of society’ approach in light of the complexity of the malaria landscape.

Роль атомного ледокольного флота в достижении национальной задачи по увеличению объема грузопотока в акватории Северного морского пути

The authors consider the role of the nuclear icebreaker fleet in achieving the national task of increasing in fright traffic in the water area of the Northern Sea Route. They analyze the prospects for the development of the nuclear icebreaker fleet for the period up to 2035 and present the information on the loading of nuclear icebreakers now and the creation of a national ice reconnaissance and monitoring service based on Marine Operations Headquarters at FSUE Atomflot.

Medical vulnerability of individuals with Down syndrome to severe COVID-19-data from the Trisomy 21 Research Society and the UK ISARIC4C survey.

BackgroundHealth conditions, immune dysfunction, and premature aging associated with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome, DS) may impact the clinical course of COVID-19.MethodsThe T21RS COVID-19 Initiative launched an international survey for clinicians or caregivers on patients with COVID-19 and DS. Data collected between April and October 2020 (N=1046) were analysed and compared with the UK ISARIC4C survey of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without DS.FindingsThe mean age of COVID-19 patients with DS in the T21RS survey was 29 years (SD = 18). Similar to the general population, the most frequent signs and symptoms of COVID-19 were fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Joint/muscle pain and vomiting or nausea were less frequent (p < 0.01), whereas altered consciousness/confusion were more frequent (p < 0.01). Risk factors for hospitalization and mortality were similar to the general population with the addition of congenital heart defects as a risk factor for hospitalization. Mortality rates showed a rapid increase from age 40 and were higher in patients with DS (T21RS DS versus non-DS patients: risk ratio (RR) = 3.5 (95%-CI=2.6;4.4), ISARIC4C DS versus non-DS patients: RR = 2.9 (95%-CI=2.1;3.8)) even after adjusting for known risk factors for COVID-19 mortality.InterpretationLeading signs/symptoms of COVID-19 and risk factors for severe disease course are similar to the general population. However, individuals with DS present significantly higher rates of medical complications and mortality, especially from age 40.FundingDown Syndrome Affiliates in Action, DSMIG-USA, GiGi's Playhouse, Jerome Lejeune Foundation, LuMind IDSC Foundation, The Matthew Foundation, NDSS, National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices.