National Highway Authority Research Articles

Effect of Budget Process Reforms on Government Infrastructural Projects Success at the Ministry of Roads and Transport in Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine effect of budget process reforms on government infrastructural projects success at the Ministry of Roads and Transport in Kenya Methodology: The descriptive type of survey research design was utilized with the population targeted being 6 staff members at the Ministry of Roads and Transport, 27 budget and appropriation committee members at the parliamentary committee and 8 Parliamentary Budget Office members (PBO) and 3 senior officials from the Kenya National Highway Authority. Census sampling technique was employed to reach the sample size. Hence, all the 44 respondents were involved in the study. A questionnaire was employed to gather information and quantitative techniques adopted for analysis. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was tested and it had an overall Cronbach Alpha of 0.826. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21) was integrated to code information gotten from the questionnaires and summarized into percentages and frequencies. The summary was then outlined in pie charts, figures, and tables. Findings: From the analysis, the study found that the major budget reform processes include accountability, enhancing public participation, and strengthening enforcement. The study established that budget reform process had a statistically significant influence on the success of government infrastructural project success. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: System theory can be used to anchor future studies on effect of budget process reforms on government infrastructural projects success at the Ministry of Roads and Transport in Kenya. Accountability measures should be introduced and the relevant bodies held responsible for any mishaps in the project implementation process. It was suggested that there is a need for further studies to be conducted to examine other factors impacting the government infrastructural projects success.

Evaluating the Relationship Between Banking Credit and Total Deposits in the Context of National Highway Development in India

National Highways (NHs) are key facilitators of sustainable growth and development. NHs have a multiplier effect on overall growth, industrialization and urbanization. A key challenge is that the investment that manifests, in terms of savings, deposits and bank credit, is highly endogenous. In such a scenario, a pertinent question arises: Do NHs have an impact or a mirror effect on bank credit? We skirt the problem by investigating the impact of the NH on bank credit. We study this research question by using NHs, examining the growth of banks in the treatment districts (districts within 10 km of an NH) and the control districts (districts beyond 50 km of an NH). We adopted panel regression with fixed effects and long difference estimation to analyse the research problem. The results from the districts that are within 10 km of an NH have a positive association with bank credit and aggregate deposits. This fosters the belief that bank credit and aggregate deposits respond to the development of infrastructural projects such as NHs. In conclusion, the study investigates an empirical association between the construction of NHs during the period between 2014 and 2022 and the local financial sector. Our results are helpful for policymakers and the National Highway Authority of India in evaluating the impact of infrastructural investment on access to banks in the context of an emerging economy. Our results indicate that an NH has a positive impact on the financial sector, but there is still a long road ahead.

Financial resource scheduling and road construction projects performance in Nairobi Metropolitan, Kenya

Kenya has seen a boom in road building during the last couple of years as a result of the government's significant investments in the construction industry to upgrade infrastructure, such as road networks. Road network construction is one of the key pillar of the country long term vision 2030. However, the performance of the road projects has experienced various challenges leaving some roads uncompleted, others poorly done after huge investment of public resources. This study sought to evaluate the influence of financial resources scheduling on the performance of road construction projects in Nairobi Metropolitan, Kenya. The research was based on resource dependence theory. A descriptive design as well as the cross-sectional survey was used. The population of interest for this study consisted of 39 road construction projects being implemented by Kenya Urban Roads Authority and Kenya National Highway Authority within the Nairobi metropolitan area. A semi structured questionnaire was utilized to collect primary data. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study results revealed projects resource scheduling had a positive and significant effect on project performance of road construction projects in Nairobi Metropolitan, Kenya. The study concludes that effective financial resource scheduling enables that organization to manage risk that may occur from changes in the project’s outcome. Financial resource scheduling starts from developing the project budget which is a process for allocating administered and departmental funds necessary to build a financial foundation for producing stated project deliverables.

Mediating Role of Collaboration on Transformational Leadership and Performance Contracts in Road Agencies in Kenya.

Purpose: Type of leadership that can be considered effective, in the current set of environments would demand collaboration, listening skills, influence, and flexible adaptation to the existing environment in contrary to command and control systems in organizations. This study investigated the mediating role of collaboration to the relationship between transformational leadership and performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya. Operationalization of variables included transformational leadership as independent variable, performance contracting as the dependent variable and collaboration as the mediating variable. This study was guided by theories of transformational leadership and public value.
 Methodology: The study adopted mixed methods approach where data was collected through questionnaires and structured interviews and target population for the research was all staff members in top management and officers in job group 5 (five) and above for three road agencies in Kenya. The road agencies included Kenya National Highway Authority (KeNHA), Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). The study utilized descriptive and inferential statistics used data analysis where regression was computed to determine correlations between independent, mediating and dependent variables.
 Findings: From the study findings and results, the relationship between transformational leadership and performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya was noted to be partially mediated by collaboration as p value was (p< 0.05). Collaboration was therefore noted as a very important component in an organization as employees are able to achieve their performance targets with ease as different sections and individuals support each in the process of performance contracting in road agencies in Kenya. This study recommends to policy makers in road agencies in Kenya to create a conducive environment of collaboration and teamwork as the same would enhance both individual and collective performance which ultimately influence levels of achievement of set targets in performance contracts in these organization.
 Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: This study recommends further areas of research in general or overall performance of road agencies in Kenya and teamwork building processes, role of leadership in teamwork and in achieving individual and organizational performance.

Relationship between Idealized Influence (II) and Performance Contracts (PC) in Road Agencies in Kenya

Purpose: This study entailed a diagnostic analysis of the relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. Operationalization of variables included idealized influence as an independent variable and performance contracts as a dependent variable. Theories that guided the study included transformational leadership theory and public management theory.
 Materials and Methods: Descriptive research design was used for the study and pragmatism was adopted as the philosophical framework for the research. Convergent parallel mixed method approach was adopted where data was collected through questionnaires for quantative data and structured interviews for qualitative data. The target population for the research was all staff members at top management and other officers in job group 6 (six) and above for the three road agencies in Kenya. These road agencies included Kenya National Highway Authority (KeNHA), Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). Data collected was analyzed through descriptive statistics, inferential analysis and hypothesis testing. The collected data was presented through tables and figures. Findings from the above analysis indicated that the performance contracts process and its outcomes in road agencies in Kenya could be predicted by idealized influence. The null hypothesis was rejected as p value was less than p<0.05 threshold of significance level and the study concluded that idealized influence has a significant relationship with performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya.
 Findings: The study rejected the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between idealized influence and performance contracts in road agencies in Kenya. The foregoing was supported by both results and findings from descriptive statistics, hypothesis tested and structured interviews conducted in the three road agencies. Leaders who were interviewed in these road agencies indicated that they also practiced integrity and leadership behaviors that could be emulated by their followers.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study thus supported the transformational leadership theory that was adopted for the study. Further, the study has bridged and addressed gaps on motivation, training and lack of leadership as identified in the statement of problem. This study has recommended that policy makers in road agencies should include idealized influence in their leadership and also align it with their strategies as detailed in strategic plans, performance contracts and individual workplans to enhance motivation, training and capacity building among employees of the studied organizations. The study also contributed to the transformational leadership theory as the was supported by the findings that leaders in these organizations should be role models and practice integrity in the process of performance contracting in road agencies. The study further recommended that policy makers in road agencies should entrench appropriate leadership (transformational leadership) during the process of performance contracting in road agencies.

Design of toll-plaza: A case study of Bengaluru-Chennai highway

This study aims to calculate the number of bays needed in the design year 2037 for a toll plaza on the Bengaluru – Chennai Highway (National Highway No. 48). Data on the classified traffic volume count was gathered from the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) office and relates to the “Nemili toll plaza” on the Bengaluru – Chennai Highway (NH-48). Average daily traffic is calculated using the tollable traffic data that has been gathered as a base. A suitable seasonal correction factor was assumed in order to estimate the annual average daily traffic. Using growth elasticity values derived from the Annual Average Growth Rates (AAGR) of Population, Per-Capita Income, and Net State Domestic Product of the influencing states collected from credible sources and state influencing factors, traffic in the horizon year (2037) was estimated. The necessary number of Electronic Toll Collection (FASTag) bays at the Nemili toll plaza was determined in accordance with Indian Road Congress standards based on the traffic flow forecast for the upcoming year.

Rejuvenating Aged Asphalt Binder from Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement through the Utilization of Waste Cooking Oil

Abstract: This study investigates the use of waste cooking oil to rejuvenate aged asphalt binder from reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in Peshawar, aligning with National Highway Authority (NHA) standards. Aged binder from RAP near Zintara Residence on Peshawar's Ring Road was combined with filtered cooking oil from local restaurants in varying proportions (1% to 5%). The rejuvenated binders underwent extensive physical and rheological tests, showing that certain fractions of cooking oil effectively revitalized the old binder, aligning it with virgin bitumen qualities. Superpave experiments on RAP mixes (30%, 40%, 50%) demonstrated comparable performance to fresh asphalt, particularly at 30% to 40% replacement levels. The results suggest that revitalized RAP holds promise as a sustainable alternative, enhancing asphalt mixes for road construction.

The Effects of Financing on Completion of Government Road Projects: A Case of Kenya National Highway Authority

The Effects of Financing on Completion of Government Road Projects: A Case of Kenya National Highway Authority

Effect of Pre-Contracting Procurement Practices on Supply Chain Performance of Road Authorities in Kakamega County, Kenya

The study focused on the effect of pre-contracting procurement practices on the supply chain performance of road authorities in Kakamega County, Kenya. Implementing and adopting the procurement Contracting practices in public institutions have continuously faced challenges due to their complexity and lack of resources, which directly impact supply chain performance. Institutions are operating in a competitive business environment with many players, and massive changes are taking place daily to improve their performance. The key to optimal performance is understanding the contributions of pre-contracting procurement practices. The study covered three road authorities with regional offices in Kakamega County: Kenya National Highway Authority (KeNHA), Kenya Urban Road Authority (KURA), and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA). The study adopted system theory. The study employed the causal research method to explain the causes and effects of the variables. The target population was 48 respondents, comprised of supply chain officers, road officers, and account officers on the road authorities. A census method was employed in the study. Structured questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. Pilot testing was conducted in Vihiga County. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data was presented using tables and figures. A Likert scale was used to determine how strongly variables agreed or disagreed with statements on a five-point scale. Regression analysis shows that pre-contracting procurement practice had no significant effect on supply chain performance in the road authorities of Kakamega County, Kenya (t = 0.605, P > 0.05). This means that road authorities in Kakamega County that effectively implement pre-contracting procurement practices are more likely to have high-performance supply chains. The findings of this objective indicated that pre-contracting had P 0.05 and contributed to 0.8% of the changes in supply chain performance. Therefore, according to the study, the institutions need to re-examine their procurement practices so as to capitalize on areas that improve supply chain performance.

Litigation Hampers a Country\'s Development - Study on National Highway Projects

Abstract: Court proceedings and litigation are on the rise globally. The judiciary is having trouble keeping up with the daily rise in lawsuits. Litigation impedes the development of the nation. Both developed and developing nations have their unique systems for conducting legal proceedings. The legal proceeding is intricate, time-consuming, and expensive. Each nation allocates a larger portion of its budget to infrastructure since it helps the nation's socioeconomic development. The study area is considered a national highway project of India. In this study, the eleven-year litigation data was collected from the Supreme Court of India, Gujarat High court, and Delhi High court for the National Highway Authority of India. The said data are compared with each other by a linear relationship. The finding indicates that in the various courts a significant number of unresolved cases are increasing daily. The study is valuable for displaying and quantifying the potential threat of litigation that could hamper a country's development. This study has the capacity to effectively address litigation in national highway project. This study has two limitations it has considered only national highway projects under NHAI and it focuses only on three court cases i.e. Supreme Court, Gujarat high court, and Delhi high court.

Development Strategies during PM Vajpayee for Indian Structural Development

Since last year, 2022, India has been celebrating Amrit Kal. This is the seventy-fifth year of independence and marks the platinum jubilee celebration. In this context, it is high time to analyse the contributions of Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who laid a strong foundation of capacity building and structural changes in the economy. He also made the economy widely open through trade networks and foreign exchange mobilization. The purpose of the present paper is to highlight important initiatives of Vajpayee during his two terms as PM and to make the UP state and the country a very strong one. In this paper, we have focused on infrastructural change, disinvestment, and fiscal prudence. The paper is based on secondary sources of data. The trend line has been estimated based on time series data for highways. The paper concludes that the origination of the National Highway Authority of India, disinvestment in sick PSUs, and fiscal prudence are core strategies that improved the Indian economy. Needless to say, UP and Uttarakhand jointly are the biggest states in the country.

Ocena doświadczalna mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych po częściowym zastąpieniu wypełniacza popiołami dennymi z elektrowni węglowej

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) prepared with coal bottom ash (CBA) as an alternative mineral filler. In this study, the effect of CBA on rutting, stiffness and fatigue resistance was experimentally evaluated. Combinations of conventional filler (stone dust) with different percentages of CBA (at 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% by volume) were adopted. The HMA samples were prepared and tested using the Marshall mix design method. Following the Asphalt Institute MS-2 and the Pakistani National Highway Authority (NHA) General Specifications, sixty samples of HMA were compacted; stability tests at varying bitumen contents (3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 5.0%, and 5.5%) were used to determine the optimum bitumen content (OBC) in the mixture for each percentage of CBA in the filler. For 0%, 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% CBA, the optimum bitumen contents of 4.27%, 4.47%, 4.53%, and 5.0% were obtained, respectively. They were used throughout the study. Three samples with the optimum binder content were made for each of the four analysed CBA proportions. The wheel tracker test was run on 12 OBC samples, and the dynamic modulus test was run on 12 OBC samples. The Marshall stability and flow test results showed that the samples prepared with 3% CBA as filler and an OBC of 4.53% satisfied the NHA requirements for flexible pavement. It was noted that CBA greatly improves the rutting resistance and stiffness of asphalt mixtures. It also improved the fatigue life. Therefore, adding up to 3% CBA by volume to stone dust used as filler in asphalt concrete can minimize the need for stone dust and provide a suitable method of CBA disposal.

Effect of Adding LDPE Bags on Rutting and Stripping Behaviour of Asphalt Mix

Disposal or incineration of waste low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bags is a major problem, as it causes pollution. The pavement over time gets deteriorated by vehicular traffic, which mostly results in rutting and other distresses. This research is based on the performance evaluation of hot mix asphalt (HMA) modified with LDPE. Aggregates National Highway Authority Pakistan (NHA) gradation B, bitumen grade 60/70 and waste LDPE bags from the dump yards of Islamabad (Pakistan) were used in this study. Penetration, ductility and softening-point tests were conducted with bitumen modified with different contents of waste LDPE bag flakes; i.e., 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% to figure out the optimum modifier content (OMC). Marshall testing was performed for the determination of optimum bitumen content (OBC). Using OBC and incorporating LDPE contents as a replacement for OBC, HMA samples were tested for performance evaluation, including rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility and compared with the performance of unmodified HMA. It was observed that 4% of LDPE as a replacement for OBC in the HMA can be used as OMC and yielded better performance results than unmodified asphalt mix. Rutting resistance was improved by 20.86% and tensile strength ratio (TSR) for moisture susceptibility evaluation was above the specified limit of 80%. KEYWORDS: Waste LDPE bags, Low-cost bitumen modifier, Performance evaluation, Performance improvement, Cost comparison, Sustainable environment.

Experimental Evaluation of Rutting Resistance of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash Modified Asphalt Mixture

Abstract: Bagasse ash (BA) was used as filler in hot mix asphalt. Mineral fillers in asphalt concrete mixes have a significant influence on asphalt concrete performance. Although mineral filler is just a minor percentage of the total performance of asphalt concrete, it plays a critical function. Bagasse Ash (BA) was utilized as a filler ingredient to test and assess the performance of asphalt concrete. BA was used in variable ratios to replace Stone Dust (SD) in road construction. Filler was used in varying quantities (4%, 5.5%, and 6.5%). Furthermore, BA is used to replace the traditional SD filler in partial replacements of 10%, and 20%, as well as full replacement of SD. The Marshall Mix Design Method was used with three different amounts of bitumen, namely 4%, 4.3%, and 4.6%. By using National Highway Authority’s (NHA) general criteria for Optimum Binder Content, a total of 108 samples were produced. The prepared mixes showed good outcomes, and the majority of them passed the NHA's main requirements. Some of the mixtures do not meet the VMA and VFA requirements given in MS-2 Asphalt Institute 2014. Two forms of performance testing are the Dynamic Modulus Test and the Wheel Tracking. A total of twelve OBC samples are evaluated for wheel tracking and dynamic modulus. Bagasse Ash has been tested in the lab and found to be capable of being used as filler in both partial and full replacement of conventional stone dust filler.

Standard Operating Procedure for Assessment and Rating of National Highways based on Highway Efficiency

The transportation network and ways in which it is maintained are critical to the development of a nation. National Highways (NHs) constitute only 2.3 per cent of total road network but carry 40 per cent of road traffic in India. National Highway authority of India (NHAI) and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) of India have framed Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for assessment and rating of divided 4 to 6-lane NHs based on highway efficiency, highway safety, and user services for a total of 100 marks. The present study has assessed and rated a 4-lane NH based on highway efficiency carrying 45 marks. A manual survey along with videography was conducted on the Kalka-Shimla NH No. 5 to collect road features and traffic data. There are 15 parameters which will give the overall efficiency of the highway enabling one to assess where and how much each parameter is inefficient, dangerous, and deficient in certain functions. The highway got 35.92 marks out of 45 marks which is approximately 80% score indicating excellent performance of various parameters on the selected highway. The efficiency assessment of highways will not only help in prioritizing highways for maintenance and upgradation but also identify accurately the missing points.

Performance Rating of National Highways Based on Road User Perspective – A Case Study of Kalka–Shimla Highway

The road network plays the most important role in the development of India’s infrastructure. Through the initiative of rating national highways, we will be able to set standards for quality highway services, and as a result, road users will receive excellent value for their money. Moreover, better quality Indian Highways will lead to safer travel experiences and consequently result in fewer road accidents and fatalities. The effort for evaluating the roads was done by US Department of Transportation in 1950s as has been highlighted in the Highway Sufficiency Rating Manual of 1952. However, these ratings were based only on efficiency and safety parameters, completely neglecting the user perspective and services. As the road users gain access to information about products and services in real time over the internet, they are more empowered than ever before. Thus, the performance evaluation of a highway stretch must include additional aspects associated with the user experience. This paper examines the real-time problems they face along the journey. National Highway authority of India (NHAI) and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MORTH) of India have framed Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for assessment and rating of 4-6 lanes divided carriageway NHs based on road user perspective. Road user perspective carries a 20 per cent weightage in overall highway efficiency. A questionnaire survey was taken as part of the road user perspective study on the Kalka-Shimla NH No. 5 in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. The highway scored 17.1 marks out of 20 based on users’ response, representing an 85.5% score, and indicating minor deficiencies regarding the selected highway facilities.

Criticality Trend Analysis Based on Different Types of Accidents using Data Mining Approach

Safety on roads and prevention of accidents are the prime concern of any highway system. Data mining is a source of retrieval of information for knowledge discovery approach. Many data mining methodologies have been applied to accident data in the recent past years. There is need to analyze the relationship between different factors related to accidents i.e. number of persons affected by fatal, minor, grievous, non-injury, road feature (ROF), road condition (ROC), cause of accident (CAU) and vehicle responsible (VR) according to daily, fortnightly, semi-fortnightly and monthly basis. The objective of this study is divided into three sub-objectives. The First sub-objective of this study is to divide number of accident dataset of National Highway sections of Karnataka state implemented by Project Implementation Unit i.e. PIU (Bangalore, Chitradurga, Dharwad, Gulbarga, Hospet and Mangalore) during January 2012 to January 2017 collected from NHAI (National Highway Authority of India) in homogeneous clusters using K-means clustering. The second sub-objective is to reflect the relationship between different factors i.e. a number of persons affected by fatal, minor, grievous, non-injury, CAU, ROC, ROF and VR using Apriori association rule. The last sub-objective is to perform temporal trend analysis for each cluster on the basis of rules generated by Association Rule Mining.

Assessment of Bholari River Sand for its Geotechnical Characterization as Fine Aggregate

Present study is aimed at assessment of Bholari river sand for its geotechnical characterization and suitability as fine aggregate which is being quarried in Jamshoro district, Sindh, Pakistan. For this purpose, sand samples (n=11) were collected from quarry sites and main river channel. Physical properties reveal that Bholari sand is mainly coarse to fine in size (0.2 mm-5 mm). Average values of fineness modulus, specific gravity, bulk density and void content of collected samples are 2.58, 2.56, 1659.90 kg/m3 and 35.12% respectively which varied within the corresponding permissible ranges of ACI (American Concrete Institute). Carbonate content of about 57.59% is also in agreement with corresponding range for fine aggregate. Petrographic examination revealed that Bholari River sand mainly comprises of quartz and rock fragments with subordinate limestone fragments. As per classification of Dott (1964), Bholari sand is lithic arenite where quartz (50%) occurs as main mineral followed by rock fragments (30%), feldspars (15%) and other opaque minerals (5%). Texturally, the sediments are angular (77%) to sub-round (33%). All these physical properties lie within the range set by National Highway Authority (NHA) and American Standard of Testing Material (ASTM). It is concluded that Bholari River sand is suitable for use in concrete mixed with cement and asphalt.

Monitoring and Evaluation Practices and Performance of Kenya National Highway Authority Road Construction Projects in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Despite efforts and measures by the government of Kenya to improve the performance of road construction projects, government-funded projects are still seen to face delivery challenges due to various factors associated with quality, completion schedules, and cost. This study examined the effect of monitoring and evaluation practices on the performance of road construction projects done by the Kenya National Highway Authority within Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to identify the impact of budget allocations, baseline studies, performance reviews, and capacity building on the performance of road construction projects. Descriptive and explanatory research designs were utilized. The study found that budget allocation was a key performance factor. Specifically, project cost evaluation helped to determine the right budget which positively affected the performance of road projects. Timely disbursement of funds ensured that the projects were delivered in good time. The study further suggested that baseline surveys were key in validating project scope thus assisting to set realistic expectations in time, cost, and quality. Similarly, the study indicated that performance reviews and capacity building enhanced the performance of road construction projects through employees’ feedback sessions, target setting, and reviews as well as adequate resourcing of the project team. The study, therefore, concluded that the specific objectives of this study had a positive effect on the performance of road construction projects within Nairobi City County. It was recommended that road construction budgets be disbursed promptly. Continuous evaluation of gaps in resourcing is critical in building the required capacity. Regular performance reviews should be incorporated to appraise the performance of the project. The study is thought to add to the knowledge base of project management, M&E function as well performance of projects.

Predicting Marshall parameters of flexible pavement using support vector machine and genetic programming

The Marshall mixture design method of asphalt concrete pavement in Pakistan is based on Asphalt institute MS-2 respective of the general specifications of National highway authority, which significantly affects the reliability of parameters used in Marshall design. Traditional way of determining the corresponding parameters and the optimum bitumen content usually involves complicated, time consuming and cost-expensive, laboratory procedures. Therefore, this research conducted research on the applications of machine learning techniques i.e., support vector machine (SVM) and genetic programming (GP), for the prediction of Marshall parameters (i.e., Marshall stability, flow, and air voids) of flexible pavement base and wearing course. A comprehensive dataset of Marshall mix design was collected from four different road sections. The dataset includes 114, and 145, Marshall stability, Marshall flow and air voids results of the base and wearing course, respectively. The three input parameters considered for the modeling are bitumen content, percentage of coarse aggregate to filler material, and unit weight of compacted aggregates. Statistical criteria are used to evaluate overall performance of the developed models. Meanwhile, GP-based models were assessed by parametric analysis to compare the trends of the models with the practical study. The results show that both the techniques are more efficient and superior than traditional methods in terms of generalizability and prediction capability for Marshall parameters of both courses, which are proved by correlation coefficient (R) (in the case of this study > 0.85). SVM obtains outburst performance than GP by setting the optimal parameters. However, GP provided an empirical expression, which is also validated by parametric study and can be used to estimate the Marshall stability, Marshall flow, and air voids of flexible pavements base course, and wearing course, respectively.