Bridging the green gap: aligning rwandan medical imaging education with national and global sustainability goals.

Fraction dose escalation of split-course concurrent chemoradiotherapy following induction chemo-immunotherapy in unresectable locally advanced oesophageal squamous carcinoma in China (GASTO-10102): a single-centre phase 1 study.

The USD 20 billion Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), REDD+, and various multilateral development bank programs all aim to facilitate decarbonization in Indonesia, but so far, the country has made little progress. Many of the existing initiatives and existing literature overlooks the political dynamics among incumbent powerful actors that shape and constrain such processes. This study draws on theories of regime resistance and institutional agency to examine how power asymmetries, competing logics, bureaucratic fragmentation, and political short-termism among central government institutions shape the implementation of decarbonization policies. The analysis is based on policy documents and elite interviews with senior officials in the Indonesian legislature, regulatory bodies and agencies, and state-owned enterprises, and reveals that resistance to decarbonization is reinforced by interactions among state bodies. Moreover, it finds that institutional power and support for decarbonization are inversely correlated: bodies with the authority to shape policy, such as the presidency and key economic ministries, prioritize (perceived) growth, energy security, and affordability while ministries and agencies with a stronger climate orientation, such as the Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Forestry, or National Development Planning Agency, typically lack the institutional leverage to ensure change. This misalignment helps explain the limited progress on decarbonization. Resistance operates through three main mechanisms: the strategic use of policy instruments that prolong coal dependence, politicized planning processes, and the use of inter-ministerial veto points. Together, these dynamics reinforce carbon-intensive development pathways despite expanding global support for energy transition.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has driven various advancements in technology, one of which is marked by the emergence of the digital revolution that has impacted payment systems, including the use of electronic money (E-money) in financial transactions. The home industry plays a strategic role in supporting national economic development, where innovations in technology-based transaction systems have a significant impact on the sustainability and efficiency of their business activities. One of the rapidly developing innovations today is the use of e-money. The research method employed is a quantitative approach based on the UTAUT model. Data were collected through interviews and the distribution of questionnaires designed using a Likert scale, with questionnaire items based on the variables in the UTAUT model. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via the SmartPLS software. The results indicate that the intention to use e-money drives actual usage behavior. Ease of use and social influence enhance this intention, while perceived benefits have not yet emerged as a determining factor. Furthermore, facility support plays a crucial role in driving e-money usage within the home industry in Aceh.

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems support individuals with significant communication challenges. In mainland China, AAC implementation remains limited, particularly within school settings due to a shortage of certified speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This study surveyed AAC-related knowledge, practices, and training needs among special education personnel in Tianjin, China, where educators often serve as de facto AAC providers. A 10-item questionnaire was administered to 383 teaching and non-teaching staff across ten special schools (response rate: 64.6%). The survey explored self-reported AAC competence, populations served, preferred training formats, and reading materials. Respondents reported limited knowledge of AAC, especially in low- and high-tech modalities. Most participants expressed a strong desire for training, favoring mentorship and workshops. Those with experience supporting students with autism, intellectual disabilities, and cerebral palsy showed stronger preferences for evidence-based materials and structured training. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a uniformly high interest across training topics, indicating broad foundational needs. Findings highlight the urgent need for accessible, entry-level AAC training tailored to the educational context in China. Results can inform national policy, curriculum development, and cross-sector collaboration to build sustainable AAC capacity.

Digital technologies are broadly claimed as inclusive technologies enabling the eradication of various social and economic gaps. Our study builds on the hypothesis that growing cross-and within-country digitalization gradually mitigates multidimensional gender gaps of different backgrounds. According to worldwide statistics (WDI, 2025), developing countries severely suffer from gender inequalities (digital, educational and labor), which negatively affect developing economies` development due to keeping women as “overlooked resource” and being ignored as unpaid domestic labor. This work contributes providing evidence on gender gaps in educational and labor market dimensions; but also, by estimating cross-country inequalities in this regard. By estimating the size of gender gaps, we verify if growing digitalization contributes to gender gaps eradication at the country`s individual level in the group of low-income and lower-middle-income countries. We assess whether cross-country divides in terms of gender gaps are growing or diminishing. Using the World Bank (2025) data, we use the sample of 24 low-income and 46 lower-middle-income countries, in the period from 2000 to 2023. We use a panel dataset encompassing 9 variables – extracted from the World Development Indicators 2025, approximating women's and men's access to digital technologies, education and labor market, including composite indicators delivered by the United Nations Development Programme, approximating gender socio-economic discrimination.

The article substantiates demographic and labour atrophy of human potential erosion and an independent security threat to Ukraine’s national resilience under conditions of prolonged polycrisis and full-scale war. It is demonstrated that demographic losses, labour market distortions, behavioural and cognitive inertia of the population, and the deterioration of biomedical characteristics are not isolated socio-economic risks but rather form a cumulative atrophic contour that undermines the resilience of socio-economic systems and limits the development of the state. The essence of human potential erosion is revealed as a multidimensional process integrating demographic, labour, economic, behavioural-cognitive, biomedical, spatial, and institutional components of the weakening of national resilience. It has been proven that under conditions of prolonged uncertainty demographic and labour atrophy acquire self-sustaining properties, transforming from a derivative consequence of crisis shocks into a factor of their reproduction. An indicative model for assessing demographic and labour atrophy in the security dimension is proposed using the method of integral indicators, which involves calculation of component, partial, and generalised integral atrophy indices across seven key dimensions. A system of statistical indicators is formed, and their weighting coefficients are substantiated using the logical design method. A scale for interpreting the levels of demographic and labour atrophy (from low to critical), a monitoring framework, and differentiated managerial implications depending on the depth of atrophic processes are developed. It is demonstrated that ignoring demographic and labour atrophy within the system of strategic planning creates the risk of forming a ‘recovery without people’ scenario and leads to long-term constraints on national development. The results obtained may be used to strengthen the analytical support of national security policy, spatial recovery strategies, and human potential governance in Ukraine.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in national economic development. MSMEs have several advantages, including their ability to reduce unemployment by absorbing labor, creating new job opportunities, and providing business solutions for small communities. One example is the Bali Giri Bamboo MSME, which produces cutlery and household products made from bamboo, such as spoons, forks, glasses, tumblers, straws, bread knives, cosmetic containers, and tissue holders. The solutions provided in this program include (1) the procurement of machines and tools to increase production quantity and quality, and (2) training and assistance in the use of tools as well as the development of new products. The method implemented involves providing appropriate technology in the form of machines and tools, along with training and mentoring in their utilization and product innovation. The results of this development program include the provision of various equipment such as lathe machines, drilling machines, complete lathe tool sets, aluminum miter saws, magnetic drills, planer machines, wood cutting table machines, wood profiling machines, grinding machines, polishing grinders, round sanding machines, and chuck sets. Additionally, training and mentoring have enabled the production of new items, including teapots, glasses, cosmetic containers, straws, and bamboo speakers. Through the provision of tools and training, Bali Giri Bamboo MSME is expected to improve both the quality and quantity of its products.

This study aims to analyze the effect of understanding, awareness, and tax sanctions on employee individual taxpayer compliance at PT Energi Graha Sagara Batam. The background of this study is based on the importance of taxpayer compliance in supporting state revenue and the existence of non- compliance phenomena in fulfilling tax obligations. This research employed a quantitative approach using a questionnaire distributed via Google Form to 100 respondents selected through total sampling technique. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The results show that partially understanding, awareness, and tax sanctions have a positive and significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance with significance values of 0.015 (<0.05), 0.000 (<0.05), and 0.000 (<0.05), respectively. Simultaneously, the three variables also have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance with an F-test significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). The Adjusted R² value of 0.220 indicates that understanding, awareness, and tax sanctions explain 22% of the variation in taxpayer compliance, while the remaining 78% is influenced by other factors outside this study. The findings imply that improving taxpayer compliance can be achieved through continuous tax education, increasing awareness of the importance of tax contributions to national development, and consistent enforcement of tax sanctions. This study is expected to serve as a reference for companies and related institutions in formulating policies to enhance taxpayer compliance in the workplace environment.

Quality education is a crucial foundation for national development. In the context of learning and development, the creation of innovative teaching materials plays a central role in enhancing students’ understanding and learning experiences, especially at the primary education level. Primary education requires competent teachers who are able to create engaging and effective learning experiences for students. To achieve this, mastery of technology in developing teaching materials becomes essential. This community engagement program, titled “Assistance for Creating Innovative Teaching Materials with Canva for PGSD Students,” aims to provide training and guidance for students in the Primary School Teacher Education Program (PGSD) in utilizing Canva, a widely used graphic design platform. The outcomes of this program include improving students’ skills in developing engaging, relevant, and interactive teaching materials, as well as preparing them as future teachers who are ready to face educational challenges. Furthermore, this program contributes to improving the quality of primary education by providing high-quality learning materials and creating a more enjoyable learning experience, while also responding to current demands by leveraging educational technology for more effective learning.

The shift towards a green economy presents substantial opportunities for inclusive and sustainable development. In the Kalyana Karnataka region of India, which has a historical backdrop of social backwardness and gender inequality, emerging women leaders, entrepreneurs, and skilled workers are increasingly engaging in environmental sustainability efforts. This study investigates the contributions of women to the green economy in Kalyana Karnataka and examines how their involvement fosters economic advancement, environmental stewardship, and social transformation. Drawing on gender and development theory, human capital theory, and sustainable development theory, this research aims to explore women’s economic and social contributions within this context. Findings indicate that women’s roles in organic farming, renewable energy production, waste management, and green enterprises enhance household incomes while promoting environmental accountability and community leadership. Initiatives within the green economy empower women to challenge traditional gender norms, thereby facilitating broader socio-cultural changes. Consequently, the authors advocate for policy measures that support leadership training, green skill development, entrepreneurial assistance with institutional collaboration, and gender- sensitive infrastructure based on these findings. Empowering women within the green economy not only promotes regional growth but aligns with national and global sustainable development objectives by highlighting the interdependent nature of gender equality and environmental sustainability. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of women’s transformative impact on green economic growth while offering practical strategies for policymakers, development agencies, and local communities in Kalyana Karnataka as well as similar regions.

Electronic waste (e-waste) has become the fastest-growing waste stream globally, presenting complex environmental and regulatory challenges that are particularly evident in higher education institutions. In Malaysia, public universities are significant contributors to e-waste generation due to their extensive reliance on information and communication technologies, laboratory equipment, and administrative devices. Although regulatory frameworks, such as the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005, exist, current practices in universities remain fragmented, focusing largely on asset disposal under Ministry of Finance guidelines and neglecting gaps in behavioral, infrastructural, and policy integration. This study introduces the Unified Green E-waste Management Framework (UGEMF), a holistic model specifically designed for Malaysian public universities. The framework was developed through qualitative methods, including document analysis, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and a review of institutional practices, regulatory documents, and best-practice case studies. The findings highlight barriers, including limited awareness, bureaucratic constraints, and the absence of institutionalized policies, while also identifying emerging best practices, such as refurbishment initiatives, decentralized collection points, and cross-sector collaborations. By operationalizing circular economy principles within the higher education context, UGEMF contributes theoretically to sustainability and waste management literature, while offering practical guidance for policymakers and administrators. Its adoption can transform e-waste management in Malaysian public universities from fragmented compliance processes into comprehensive, integrated sustainability strategies. This approach supports national green growth targets and sustainable campus development.

The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is reshaping educational paradigms across the globe, with English Language Teaching (ELT) emerging as one of the fields most profoundly affected. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where English occupies a pivotal role in national development agendas—most notably Vision 2030—the intersection of AI and ELT holds both transformative promise and critical challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive prognosis of increasing AI intervention in ELT within the Saudi context, examining the current technological landscape, pedagogical implications, institutional readiness, learner outcomes, and sociocultural considerations. Drawing on an extensive review of contemporary literature, the study traces the trajectory of AI-enhanced language learning tools—including intelligent tutoring systems, natural language processing applications, adaptive learning platforms, automated writing evaluation systems, and conversational AI agents—and analyses their appropriateness and projected impact within Saudi classrooms. Findings suggest that while AI presents unprecedented opportunities to personalize instruction, bridge achievement gaps, and cultivate globally competitive English proficiency, significant barriers related to infrastructure, teacher preparedness, digital equity, and cultural alignment must be systematically addressed. The paper concludes with evidence-informed recommendations for policymakers, curriculum designers, and ELT practitioners navigating this evolving terrain.

Taxes are a crucial source of state revenue for supporting national development financing. Tax revenue optimization is strongly influenced by the level of taxpayer compliance, as reflected in the accuracy of calculating, paying, and reporting tax obligations. However, the level of compliance of individual taxpayers at the North Badung Pratama Tax Office (KPP Pratama) has fluctuated and tended to decline over the past five years. This study aims to analyze the influence of a modern administration system, tax sanctions, tax socialization, and the quality of tax authorities' services on individual taxpayer compliance, as well as to examine the role of tax audits as a moderating variable. The study employed a quantitative approach with a non-probability sampling method through accidental sampling, resulting in 100 respondents registered as individual taxpayers at the North Badung Pratama Tax Office. Data were analyzed using a Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) test. Data were obtained using a questionnaire in the form of a Google form. The analysis results indicate that a modern administration system, tax sanctions, tax socialization, and the quality of tax authorities' services have a positive effect on taxpayer compliance. Tax audits have been shown to strengthen the influence of a modern administration system, tax sanctions, tax socialization, and the quality of tax authorities' services on compliance. Suggestions for further research can develop this research by adding other variables to increase the level of tax compliance..

ABSTRACT As a pivotal driver of national economic development, corporate digital transformation also comprehensively strengthens firms’ core competitiveness. This study uses a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2015 to 2022, constructs a high-dimensional fixed-effects model, and examines the influence of venture capital (VC) on corporate digital transformation. Regression analysis indicates that VC entry significantly promotes corporate digital transformation by reducing reliance on external financing, facilitating collaborative technological innovation, enhancing the provision of patient capital, and mitigating supply chain risks. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that VC exerts a stronger positive effect on corporate digital transformation in large-scale firms, firms located in regions with lower levels of financial supervision and digital economic development, firms operating in highly competitive industries, and firms whose top management teams have financial or research and development backgrounds. These findings offer implications for firms in addressing digital transformation challenges and facilitating corporate development, as well as for policymakers in formulating and adjusting policies to foster stable and healthy economic growth.

The purpose of this updated guidance statement is to guide internal medicine physicians and other clinicians on screening for breast cancer in asymptomatic, average-risk adult females. The American College of Physicians updated its guidance statement on screening for breast cancer using high-quality clinical guidelines from national guideline developers around the world. In asymptomatic, average-risk females aged 40 to 49 years, clinicians should discuss the female's risk of breast cancer, values and preferences, and uncertainty around benefits and harms of screening for breast cancer. Following shared decision making, if a female in this population prefers to get screened for breast cancer, clinicians should then initiate screening mammography every 2 years (biennial). In asymptomatic, average-risk females aged 50 to 74 years, clinicians should use biennial mammography for screening for breast cancer. In asymptomatic, average-risk females aged 75 years or older or asymptomatic, average-risk females with a limited life expectancy, clinicians should discuss discontinuation of breast cancer screening based on shared decision making that includes the female's risk of breast cancer, values and preferences, and uncertainty around benefits and harms of screening for breast cancer. In asymptomatic, average-risk adult females with breast density of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category C or D, clinicians should consider using supplemental digital breast tomosynthesis based on benefits, harms, additional radiation exposure, availability, values and preferences, and cost. In asymptomatic, average-risk adult females with breast density of BI-RADS category C or D, clinicians should not use supplemental magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound.

Genome-wide association studies of brain diffusion kurtosis imaging phenotypes.

General Background: Indonesia’s multicultural reality, characterized by diverse ethnic, religious, linguistic, and cultural identities, represents both a national asset and a challenge for sustaining social cohesion. Specific Background: Increasing intolerance, discrimination, and socio-cultural disparities indicate that diversity has not been fully optimized as a foundation for national development. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies largely examine multiculturalism in fragmented sectors without systematically linking it to the Indonesia Emas 2045 development roadmap or providing an integrative analytical framework. Aims: This study aims to analyze the role of multicultural Islamic education in strengthening national unity and to formulate a strategic framework supporting inclusive and sustainable development toward Indonesia Emas 2045. Results: The findings demonstrate that multiculturalism functions as strategic social capital by reinforcing Pancasila values, promoting tolerance through education, strengthening social cohesion, and supporting inclusive policies, with additional contributions from family roles, digital literacy, and cross-sector collaboration. Novelty: This study offers an integrative framework connecting multicultural dynamics, national identity formation, and long-term development planning within a unified roadmap aligned with Indonesia Emas 2045. Implications: The study provides a conceptual and practical basis for developing multicultural Islamic education curricula, inclusive governance strategies, and diversity-based development policies to maintain national unity and global competitiveness. Highlights• Multicultural values integrated into education address polarization and identity conflicts• Social capital derived from diversity supports inclusive development strategies• Cross-sector collaboration and digital literacy strengthen cohesive society KeywordsMulticultural Islamic Education; National Unity; Indonesia Emas 2045; Social Capital; Inclusive Development

A kind of bimetallic catalyst, 1% Pd-5% Ni/Cellulose, was successfully fabricated using natural cellulose as support, achieving highly selective catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles to secondary amines. The abundant hydroxyl groups in cellulose facilitated enhanced dispersion of loaded metals during reduction. Moreover, the presence of Pd further promoted Ni dispersion, and their mutual interaction led to the formation of an alloy structure during the reduction process. This synergistic effect significantly enhanced both reaction activity and selectivity for the conversion of nitriles to secondary amines. More than 95% conversion for nitriles and 95% selectivity to secondary amines was achieved in the hydrogenation of nitriles. This work provides an effective strategy for nitrile hydrogenation reactions while aligning perfectly with national development strategies of green and low-carbon initiatives. This article is part of the theme issue 'Surfaces, interfaces and heterogeneous catalysis'.

A Nationwide Workforce Characterization of Neurosurgical Care in Postwar Vietnam.