Based on the works of Mammad Emin Rasulzade, this article reveals the peculiarities of the national bias in the leadership of Azerbaijan in the 20s of the last century. Rasulzade's works on the national policy of the Bolsheviks focused on the speech of the Secretary of the Central Committee of the AKP (b) Eyub Khanbudagov in 1924 on the pages of the Baku Worker newspaper. Rasulzade believed that this speech was a clear indicator of the growing split within the party around the solution of the national issue and gave impetus to the opposition movement. Thus, according to Rasulzade, the label national bias appeared, which was hung on the Bolsheviks, who opposed the basic communist dogmas, the rigid centralism of the Kremlin leadership and violated party discipline. Moscow, as a rule, ruthlessly suppressed this separatism, and their leaders were removed from the leadership.