Natal City Research Articles

The Influence of Sheikh Abdul Fattah in the Development of Islam in Natal City (1745-1855)

This article explores the pivotal role played by Sheikh Abdul Fattah in shaping the development of Islam in Natal City and its environs from 1745 to 1855. Initially, the populace of the South Tapanuli region was lacking in Islamic knowledge. However, with the advent of Sheikh Abdul Fattah, concerted efforts were made to enhance Islamic religious education. Through the establishment and nurturing of the Sheikh Abdul Fattah Private Islamic College (STAIS), he catalyzed profound transformations. STAIS was founded upon his return from studies in Makkah, where he effectively disseminated the knowledge acquired to his community in Natal. By implementing innovative approaches, STAIS Sheikh Abdul Fattah emerged as a beacon, attracting hundreds of students from Natal City and its vicinity, thus revolutionizing Islamic education in the area. The endeavor to cultivate a refined and progressive society became central to Sheikh Abdul Fattah's vision. Inspired by this ethos, he successfully revolutionized the landscape of Islamic education in Kota Natal, leaving an indelible mark on the expansion of religious knowledge and the advancement of Muslim civilization in the region.

Territorial-heritage in the conflicts surrounding resettlement policies at the Jacó community. Natal city, Brazil

O artigo aborda o tema do Patrimônio-territorial e conflitos de remoção. Tem como referência a Comunidade do Jacó, bairro Rocas, Natal/RN, Brasil, que desde 2018 sofre ameaça de remoção por parte da municipalidade. Evidencia-se que, além da moradia, a ameaça de remoção afeta a perspectiva de continuidade da vida cotidiana no bairro, além de fragilizar a rede de apoio e solidariedade existente na comunidade. O artigo busca refletir sobre essa ameaça, que abrange elementos constitutivos do patrimônio-territorial, considerando o contexto de remoção. Entende-se esse patrimônio-territorial como expressão da vida cotidiana e singular da periferia em suas diversas dimensões. A base de dados tem referência em pesquisa acadêmica e projeto de extensão universitária. Como resultado, verificou-se que historicidade, afetividade, memórias e laços sociais, além de estreitas relações entre moradia, trabalho, acesso à educação saúde e lazer estão presentes nas trajetórias de lutas da comunidade, o que possibilita identificar a constituição de um patrimônio-territorial, cujo reconhecimento e ativação popular se concretizam em cada ação e estratégia utilizadas para evitar rupturas com o território.

Gamma radiation of the street corners from South zone of Natal city, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

This research had the objective of studying the absorbed dose of the street corner intersections from the South zone of Natal city, Brazil. This city grew up on dune lands, on siliciclastic rocks from Barreiras Formation, these dunes are quartz-sand and have heavy mineral layers bearing uranium and thorium (monazite, xenothymeo, thorianite, ilmenite, rutile, zircon, magnetite and columbite-tantalite). Not all streets in Natal city have paving, in the part with more movement they have asphalt covering over cobblestone, in the less busy have cobblestone covering, and in the quiet streets are in natural dune sand. In situ Gamma radiation measurements were performed with three portable spectrometers model RS-230 with BGO crystal, about 1 meter above the ground. The absorbed dose ranged from 11 to 150 ƞGy/h (MG: 40; Median: 39; SD: 18). In gamma spectrometry measure, Uranium varied between 0.1 to 6.2 Eq.A. ppm (MG: 1.6; Median: 1.4; SD: 1), Thorium between 0.7 to 32 Eq.A. ppm (MG: 6; Median: 5; SD: 3.3), Potassium ranged between 0.1 to 3.9 Eq.A. % (MG: 1.2; Median: 1.2; SD: 0.7). The values ​​of the absorbed dose of external radiation measured in the studied street corners show values lower than the world average of 59 ƞGy/h, and annual effective dose is also lower than the global average value of 0.48 mSv/a. Areas with higher U-K contents correspond to areas with asphalt/cobblestone capping, while areas with higher Th contents correspond to sandy streets and dunes in protected areas. This fact denote a lower radiometric risk to the population.

MANAJEMEN KOMUNIKASI RADIO START FM DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN PENDENGAR DI DAERAH PANYABUNGAN KOTA MANDAILING NATAL

Radio Start FM as one of the media that develops and competes with local radios in Panyabungan City of Mandailing Natal in maintaining and increasing audiences/listeners. So it takes the ability or strategy and expertise to retain old listeners and attract new radio listeners as well as analyze the communication strategies used in retaining listeners and advertising promotions. Regulations in the broadcasting sector that bring about various changes provide new challenges for broadcast media managers. Radio as a broadcasting industry requires creativity and expertise to win the competition. The purpose of this study was to analyze the communication strategy of Start FM radio in retaining listeners in the Panyabungan Mandailing Natal area. Analyzing the communication strategy of Start FM radio in the promotion of Panyabungan area advertisements in Mandailing Natal City. This study used qualitative research methods. The results of this study resulted in how the communication strategy of Radio Start FM in retaining listeners and advertising promotion in the Panyabungan area, Mandailing Natal Regency.

MSME Creative Industry Development in Mandailing Natal

The development of the MSME Creative Industry in Mandailing Natal requires more human resources who are innovative and have high creativity. The existence of innovation and creativity that arises in the community, makes the MSME creative industry sector have an important role in developing the economy of a region. The findings in the field indicate that the development of the creative industry in the handicraft sector is able to improve the welfare of the Mandailing Natal community. The creativity of industry players is able to increase the results of more innovative products. The creativity of industrial players can be increased through training, debriefing/guidance, and monitoring carried out by the Mandailing Natal City Trade Office. Supporting factors for the development of this creative industry include the role of the Mandailing Natal City Trade Office, the quality of Human Resources, and the potential of Mandailing Natal City. There are also several inhibiting factors such as lack of access to capital, limited quality raw materials and low marketing infrastructure. The development of the Creative Industry is expected to be in accordance with the RENSTRA of the Department of Trade and to be able to provide and improve training and counseling that is useful for industry players in developing their industrial businesses.

The EURONEAR Lightcurve Survey of Near Earth Asteroids—Teide Observatory, Tenerife, 2015

One meter class telescopes could bring important contributions in the acquisition of lightcurves of near earth asteroids (NEAs), based on which rotations and other physical properties could be derived or constrained. Part of a collaboration between IAC, ESA and the EURONEAR during the semester 2015A, the IAC80 and OGS telescopes at Teide Observatory in Tenerife were allocated for a photometric project during 64 nights spread in a few observing runs. The main funding for this long observing mission was raised by the student observer Radu Cornea from private sponsors based in his natal city of Sibiu, Romania, mentioned in the Acknowledgements. We observed 33 lightcurves of NEAs not published before, including 10 potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs). Based on the quality of the Fourier period fits, we sorted the results in four groups which include 7 secured periods, 9 candidate periods, 10 tentative periods and 7 objects not solved. We resolved periods or suggested constraints for 13 NEAs having no other rotation knowledge (including 3 PHAs), confirming periods for other 6 targets published by other authors (mainly by Brian Warner). We suggested tumbling or binary nature for 6 targets (probing one of them) recommended for future dedicated campaigns. We derived ellipsoid shape ratios for 21 NEAs (including 4 PHAs) not known before.

Circuitos evangélicos do Nordeste: contexto geral e caso potiguar

Although the Brazilian Northeast Region is known as the most Catholic in Brazil, it has a large contingent of evangelicals, especially in urban centers along the coast. This article is written with the aim of contextualizing this evangelical presence in the Northeast Region, demonstrating that the plausibility of what happens in Natal city (RN) also happens in other cities in the region. For this, some data from the IBGE Census carried out in 2010 are initially analyzed, with a focus on the dynamics of urbanization in the Northeast Region. Afterwards, the evangelical circuit as a theoretical resource that can help in interpreting the data shall be presented. Finally, the resource to Rio Grande do Norte capital city is applied, mapping its circuit based on the results of qualitative researches. As you can see, the circuit of the Potiguar capital city is a case that can illustrate the dynamics that occur throughout the Northeast Region, and in the urban centres of Brazil as a whole. The dynamics in which the references of the evangelical faith are spread over several axes beyond them, although the churches remain important, which end up forming a space for the circulation of adherents, curious people and sympathisers among them.

Iniciativas de Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes na Cidade de Natal-RN: Uma Abordagem Qualitativa

The objective of this research is to analyze the initiatives of Smart Tourism Destination [STD] present in Natal city, RN, Brazil. The study is based on the model of State Society for the Management of Innovation and Tourism Technologies (SEGITTUR), Spain, in which there are four dimensions to be developed to consolidate destinations as STD: Innovation, Technology, Universal Accessibility and Sustainability. Data collection used a semi-structured interview script with ten open questions applied to managers and researchers from the public and private sectors of the city. Documentary analysis of the Master Plan of Natal was also carried out, showing elements of Accessibility and to a lesser extent notion of Sustainability and Innovation. The interviews showed that Natal has incipient initiatives of Technology, Innovation and Accessibility, but it needs more projects of Sustainability to consolidate as STD. It deserves the attention of stakeholders in improving initiatives and acting together so that the essential dimensions are evolved in the city.

Ecosystem Services and Typology of Urban Geodiversity: Qualitative Assessment in Natal Town, Brazilian Northeast

Natal is a city located in northeastern Brazil that has a geodiversity composed of different landscapes, flanked by beaches, dunes, cliffs, rivers, mangroves, and lagoons. Throughout the city’s history, which spans more than 400 years, geodiversity has always been present since the early days of local cartography, dating back to the Dutch occupation period, on the seventeenth century, in which the natural environment had been faithfully portrayed. The studies developed in this work approach the geodiversity of Natal City that occurs naturally, in situ. The identification of the main places in which the abiotic nature is highlighted was performed, allied to a geological-geomorphological description. The occurrences were classified according to their area extension and the ecosystem services of abiotic nature, in a system divided into five services (cultural, regulating, provisioning, supporting, and knowledge). In the study area, all services were identified, and of the subclassification in geodiversity goods and processes, 16 out of 25 were observed, which reaffirms the importance of the local abiotic nature. On the tipology of these occurrences, they were identified as sections, areas, point, and viewpoints. Due to its extension and variety, it can be used for science, culture, sports, and tourism, in order to promote, jointly, the dissemination of the natural and cultural beauties of the city and geosciences, helping the geoconservation process.

Desastre socioambiental e ordenamento territorial no bairro Mãe Luíza, Natal – Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brasil

O desastre ocorrido em junho de 2014, no bairro Mãe Luíza em Natal - Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brasil, trouxe perdas materiais de grande monta, à população e ao poder público local. O desastre foi ocasionado por um movimento de massa, caracterizado como corrida de lama e detritos, que provocou o desabamento de 30 residências e prejuízos econômicos para 78 famílias residentes no local. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em relacionar este desastre com o ordenamento e planejamento territorial do município, evidenciando problemas, ausências e negligências, desta temática territorial e geográfica, na composição do desastre (antes, durante e depois do evento). A metodologia se deu com investigação de documentos e pesquisa bibliográfica em arquivos referentes ao desastre e ao ordenamento territorial municipal. Foi verificado que houve negligência e problemas relacionados ao planejamento e ordenamento territorial na produção desse desastre.

Study of Seroprevalence of Hepatites “B” and “C” Markers in Blood Donors from Hemonorte, Rio Grande Do Norte/ Brazil

Viral hepatitis transmissible by blood more frequent in the Brazilian population are those of type B and C. Blood banks and hemotherapy centers (Hemocenters) must carry out serological screening, in order to statistically evaluate the percentage of infected donors the virus of these hepatitis. This study aimed to characterize the blood donor population of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), located in the Northeast region of Brazil, in relation to serological markers of hepatitis B and C and to compare these donors from different regions of RN. Were performed serological tests from 254.332 blood donations at the Laboratory of Serology of Hemocenters of Rio Grande do Norte (HEMONORTE) by indirect ELISA methodology. The state of RN was divided into three regions according to the presence of transfusion units or Hemocenters in: Natal city, capital of the state of RN and nearby cities and also headquarters of HEMONORTE; Western Region comprising the Hemocenter of Mossoró city and and transfusion unit of Pau dos Ferros city; and the Serido region of the hemocenter of Caicó city and the collection and transfusion unit of the Currais Novos city. The markers used for hepatitis B detection were total anti HBc (IgM and IgG) and HBsAg. The research of the virus Hepatite C virus carried out with those with third generation kits containing core proteins NS3 and NS4, in addition to NS5. The samples were considered reactive (seropositive) when optical density was obtained up to 20% below the cut-off value, which is the criterion used by most blood centers in Brazil. Among the various serological markers of hepatitis B and C, anti-HBc was the most prevalent with a percentage of 0.98%. Anti-HCV presented a prevalence of 0.77%, while HBsAg had a low prevalence (0.07%). When comparing the prevalence by region, we found that the Natal city region had the lowest rates of hepatitis B (0.93%) and hepatitis C (0.71%). The western region presented the highest percentages of reactivity for hepatitis B (1.24%) and C (1.16%). The seridó region of obtained a prevalence of hepatitis markers smaller than the western region and larger than that of the , 0.99% for hepatitis B and 0.91% for hepatitis C. This difference of percentages between regions should be investigated , to find out the reason for this prevalence variation. The strategy of clinical recruitment and screening should be reassessed and unified among hemotherapy services in Rio Grande do Norte. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Shallow sedimentation of Natal shelf and coastal erosion implications, NE Brazil

High-resolution seismic stratigraphic analysis to reconstruct the depositional history of the inner shelf Holocene successions was performed on the northeastern Brazilian, adjacent to Natal City. Boomer seismic data was collected between the coastline up to ~ 15-m water depth. Three seismic units and three seismic surfaces were observed with regional significance and low lateral variability. They represent the transgressive to highstand deposits lying on the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary surface S1—older, regional, and the irregular unconformity at ~ 35 m, forming a semi-enclosed environment near the coast. The basal unit (U1) is related to a moderate/high-energy environment and grade upward to units (U2 and U3) of lower energy conditions and thin thickness that decrease seaward with large through near coast on the west. Above this surface, chaotic and parallel internal configurations represent unit U1 that limited at the top by S2. The ravinement surface S2 at ~ 18 m reveals wave-tide influence in a very shallow inner shelf, which controlled the accommodation space and sediment transport. Unit U2 fills the scours with onlapping terminations over S2. The shallowest surface (S3) occurs at ~ 12 m below modern sea level probably associated with the maximum flooding surface underlying the U3 with dominant aggradation character in parallel/wavy configuration. U1 represents a shallow marine environment with a greater sediment supply controlled mainly by the water depth during the initial transgressive shelf inundation. The lower sediment accumulation of U2 and U3 indicates a decreasing of sediment supply, higher sediment transport or higher rates of erosion in shallow marine environments.

Quality of life in the institutionalized elderly with dizziness complaint: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the quality of life in institutionalized elderly people with dizziness complaint and to relate the results to the characteristics of dizziness and functional capacity. Methods: in this cross-sectional study, one-hundred and nineteen elderly residents in three geriatric long-term care institutions in Natal city, Brazil, were evaluated. Those who had presented dizziness in the former year (30/25.2%) were included in this study. The quality of life was measured by the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Functional capacity was measured by the Berg Balance Scale, the Functional Reach Test, the Unipedal Stance Test with eyes open and closed, and the Falls Efficacy Scale - International. Results: associations were found between physical, functional and emotional aspects and the duration of dizziness (p=0.002, p=0.041 and p=0.004, respectively); the functional aspects with age (p=0.031), the physical aspects with the presence of falls in the previous year (p=0.039); and the physical, functional and emotional aspects of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory with fear of falling (p=0.004, p<0.001 and p=0.016, respectively). Conclusion: institutionalized elderly with dizziness complaints had a low perception of quality of life, and the duration of dizziness, age, falls and fear of falling negatively influenced their quality of life.

Methodology of Investment Risk Analysis for Wind Power Plants in the Brazilian Free Market

Despite the strong growth of wind power in the world, it is considered a high risk investment due to variability and unpredictability of wind speed. If the energy trade occurs in the free market, there is another risk factor that is the short-term price. This study proposes a methodology of investment risk analysis for wind power plants using innovative stochastic models to generate synthetic time series of wind speed and short-term price. The simulation is implemented using the Monte Carlo method associated with a Cholesky decomposition. The cashflow's gross revenue is obtained through an energy trading model for the Free Contracting Environment (FCE) in Brazil. The investment analysis is based on probability distribution of Net Present Value (NPV) of the power plant's cash flow, as well as the Value at Risk (VaR) and the Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR). A case study was performed for Natal city of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) state in Brazil, and the results indicated the economic viability of the power plant. A sensitivity analysis is developed considering important parameters of the modeling, and its results provide information to the decision-making process.

Monitoramento de indicadores de saúde em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos

This study aimed to present health indicators that identify problems related to elders who reside in Long Permanence Institutions for the Elderly (Brazilian acronym ILPI). It consists of a descriptive and longitudinal study conducted in collaboration with the Sanitary Surveillance (Brazilian acronym VISA) and the ILPI of Natal city. The study included reports sent by the institutions to the Sanitary Surveillance between 2013 and 2014. The population in the study was composed by 16 ILPI registered by VISA. Data were collected between June and August 2015. As for the indicators, it was observed that ILPI presented, in 2013 and 2014, respectively, a high mortality rate (3.9%; 11%), and high rates of incidence of diarrhea (5.8%; 24,5%), of dehydration (3,9%; 23,6%), of decubitus ulcer (2.6%; 21.6%), and of malnutrition (11%; 27.3%) over the total of institutionalized elders. When it comes to falls, only few institutions notified them; this fact undermines the monitoring of one of the most prevalent problems inside the institutional environment. All these efforts may contribute to implementing measures that favor the improvement of care of the institutionalized elders, as joint activities between health promotion, and prevention of health problems may be arranged and executed.

O rio Potengi e a cidade do Natal em cinco tempos históricos. Aproximações e distanciamentos

A cidade do Natal, capital do Rio Grande do Norte, nasceu e se desenvolveu “à sombra” de um Rio, o Potengi. Em sua história de mais de quatrocentos anos, a cidade ora se aproxima, ora se distancia do rio, num movimento que não é somente físico, mas também social e simbólico. Este trabalho propõe a análise dessa relação segundo cinco períodos históricos - aqui chamados de “Tempos” – que expressam, em termos de predominância, esse movimento de certa maneira contraditório de aproximação e distanciamento entre cidade e rio ou entre rio e cidade. São eles: Tempo 1. O rio como aliado da cidade nascente (1599-1614); Tempo 2. O comércio, o rio e a cidade (1700-1900); Tempo 3. O rio como obstáculo para a cidade (1850-1916); Tempo 4. A aviação. Aproximando o rio à cidade (1920-1945); Tempo 5. O rio “invisível” para a cidade (desde 1945). Sem qualquer pretensão de completude – afinal, são mais de quatro séculos de história - o trabalho destaca, contudo, expressões pontuais de processos históricos bem mais longos envolvendo a relação entre a cidade do Natal e o Rio Potengi.

Fotografias da “Cidade do Sol”: um registro de revelações e ocultações

Entre os diferentes meios de comunicação a fotografia destaca-se como um importante documento visual, que se estabelece na tensão entre a ocultação e a revelação, primordial para o entendimento dos aspectos imaginários do social e suas mediações. O grande elo entre a fotografia e o turismo está justamente em não ser o retrato da sociedade, mas sim, sua representação e memória fragmentada, passível de interpretações contínuas. As fotografias são circunscritas por questões sociais e culturais definidas, já que existem a partir de um processo de criação e montagem que consiste em escolhas e decisões sobre o que merece ser fotografado. Discutir-se-á o papel das fotografias da cidade de Natal concatenadas a atividade turística, buscando o que há de específico que contribuiu para a construção de paisagens turísticas na cidade do Natal e analisando os elementos ideológicos que motivaram sua materialização nos espaços da cidade. Para tal, serão analisadas as imagens da revista Fatos e Fotos, 1968, por meio da observação iconográfica e iconológica sugerida por Kossoy (2003; 2006; 2009) e direcionadas pela leitura crítica de José de Souza Martins (2009), que afirma a mediação da fotografia nos interesses imersos no cotidiano social, traduzindo-se em expressão dinâmica do registro, um resultado de presenças e ausências que revelam as negações e contradições do mundo real. Por fim, entende-se que as paisagens da cidade não existem em si mesmas, enquanto um espaço natural, mas foram consolidadas através dos discursos e visualidades atrelados à lógica hegemônica da sociedade capitalista.

UV EXTREME EVENTS IN NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL

The main objective of this paper is to analyze extremes UV episodes in Northeast of Brazil (NEB), generally associated to cloud cover and levels of total ozone column (total ozone). The methodology consisted of the calculation of the 95th percentile to define the extreme value in the seasons of UV in city of Natal-RN (reference city) and analysis of NEB obtained from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) to UV index, total ozone and cloud cover in dates of extreme events in reference city. The results of UV index for Natal city indicated 14.4 for the extreme event in summer and images selected of OMI showed that extreme event were associated mainly with absence of cloudiness and levels below average annual of total ozone. Analysis of extreme episodes of UV index in NEB indicated that the extreme event occurred in reference city does not happen in the entire region, because of the large spatial variability of cloud cover and total ozone.

Resíduos sólidos em manguezal no rio Potengi (Natal, RN, Brasil): relação com a localização e usos

Mangroves are one of the most important ecosystems on Earth; however, its potential is affected by intense human activities and urban sprawl. The increase of the populations in localities near the coast has been pressing this and other natural biological systems. One of the main impacts on mangroves is solid waste disposal from anthropogenic origin. Studies on the impact of solid waste in coastal regions are quite widespread and well known, but are generally made with a focus on the beaches or in the marine environment, while research on mangroves are quite scarce. The estuary of Potengi river (Natal-RN) has a great environmental and socio-economic importance; in its mangroves, about 1,200 families survive by collecting crustacean and shellfish. According to local studies, the estuary is affected by intense changes that occurred during the last century, mainly due to disorderly growth of Natal city. The objective of this work was to carry out an assessment of solid waste pollution in two mangrove areas associated with the estuary of the Potengi River, establishing its relationship with the

Multitemporal Analysis of Coastal Erosion Based on Multisource Satellite Images, Ponta Negra Beach, Natal City, Northeastern Brazil

This paper describes the use of moderate and high-resolution remote sensing images integrated with a Geographic Information System to evaluate the sedimentary balance and morphological changes seen on the sandy beach of Ponta Negra in northeastern Brazil. High-energy forces such as wind, tides, waves, and currents cause widespread erosion and morphodynamic instability along the shoreline. This investigation uses diverse images from multitemporal and multiresolution analyses and a Post-Processing Kinematic Global Positioning System (PPK GPS) survey as the primary resources to study the short and long-term effects of shoreline changes and the processes controlling the persistent horizontal and vertical erosion on the beach. We used moderate-resolution remote sensing images from 1973 to 2012 and high-resolution images from 2003 to 2011. Between 1973 and 2012 a total area of 121,494.52 m2 was affected by erosion and 37,266.58 m2 was affected by accretion. Shoreline progradation rates of 4.2 m/year and recession rates of -3.7 m/year were estimated for the period between 1973 and 1986 and mean erosion rates of 1.5 m/year were estimated from 1986 to 2012. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) comparison resulting from different PPK GPS surveys showed a negative sediment balance of approximately -3,261.94 m3 in a plot of 12,500 m2 between May and September 2012. The coast has also been facing a drastically increased human influence in recent decades. In summary, this article aims to contribute information to support the mitigation of coastal erosion and to protect seaside infrastructure.