Nasal Septum Turbinate Research Articles

Nasal Septal Swell Body: A Distinctive Structure in the Nasal Cavity.

The nasal septal swell body (NSB), also known as the nasal septal turbinate, is located in the anterior part of the nasal septum. This study is a narrative review of the existing knowledge on recent developments in NSB. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, and Cochrane Library databases. Google Scholar was used to access more extensive literature. The inclusion criteria were human studies published in English. The exclusion criteria were non-English language and animal studies. Of the 345 articles that were initially obtained from 5 databases and Google Scholar, 28 were included in this review. There have been many names for NSBs in the past, which still have no unified terminology recognized by professionals. Pathological investigations revealed that NSB contains a certain amount of sinusoidal blood components. Nasal septal swell body is closely related to the internal nasal valve. Imaging studies have found that the size of NSB is associated with nasal diseases, and NSB hypertrophy can cause anatomic obstruction. In recent years, several procedures for NSB have been reported, and preliminary effectiveness has been achieved. However, the long-term outcomes of volume reduction techniques remain unproven. The NSB is a distinct anatomic structure that may contribute to nasal obstruction and may be reduced surgically with unclear long-term results. Although being investigated for over a century, the unique physiological roles of NSB are not yet fully understood. More evidence is needed to elucidate its physiological effects.

Septal swell body treatment by transmucosal, incisionless radiofrequency reduction

The septal swell body (SSB), variously referred to as the nasal septal turbinate or nasal SSB, is a mucosal substructure of the anterosuperior nasal septum. The SSB plays a putative role in nasal airway physiology, nasal airway obstruction (NAO), and related rhinologic conditions. Historically, little attention has been paid to surgical treatment of the SSB. The purpose of this report is to describe an incisionless, transmucosal, radiofrequency (RF) ablative technique for the SSB. This straightforward procedure can be performed in the outpatient clinic using topical anesthesia and rigid nasal endoscopy with a commercially available RF treatment device. Videoendoscopy from a representative case example is provided, and the transmucosal, incisionless SSB RF reduction technique is described.

Nasal septum turbinate and its significance for a rhinosurgeon

Nasal septal turbinate (NST) is a clearly visible structure located in the anterior part of nasal cavity on the nasal septum that limits laterally the nasal valve. It is often thought that the structure of NST and its function are poorly characterized and is rarely considered by rhinosurgeons during plan and make surgery. NST represents as a fusiform area of the erectile tissue, similar in structure and function to nasal turbinate. The central part of the NST contains cartilage of the nasal septum, but most of its three-dimensional volume consists of soft tissues: mucosa, erectile tissue, blood vessels and secretory glands. According to various researchers, the main function of NST is to ensure a change in the air flow towards the nasal turbinate and the osteomeatal complex and humidification the first portion of the air at the beginning of inspiration. Destruction of NST during septoplasty can lead to tissue drying and predispose to scabs and epistaxis. Preliminary treatment results suggest that NST is an important surgical target in rhinosurgery.

A systematic review of the nasal septal turbinate: An overlooked surgical target.

The nasal septal turbinate (NST) is a conspicuous structure located in the anterior nasal cavity that impacts the internal nasal valve. Its structure and function is often thought to be poorly characterized, and it is rarely addressed surgically. The authors perform a systematic review in an attempt to synthesize what has been learned of this structure and to evaluate its potential as a treatment target. A query of the Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases was undertaken in search of studies evaluating the NST. This qualitative systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed with established criteria. Of the initial 1069 hits from the four databases, 16 articles were ultimately included in the review, which varied in quality and risk of bias. The included articles consisted predominantly of radiographic and histopathologic studies. Four studies evaluated NST treatment outcomes. The NST represents a fusiform-shaped region of erectile tissue, similar in structure and function to that of the inferior turbinates. Preliminary treatment outcomes suggest the NST represents an important surgical target in nasal airway surgery. When evaluating nasal obstruction patients, surgeons should assess the NST and consider addressing it surgically.

Nasal septal turbinate: cadaveric study.

Despite the importance of its location, the functional behavior of the nasal septal turbinate (NST) is still not completely understood. Basic histological knowledge is still lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the histological features of the NST and to compare its morphometric features to those of the adjacent nasal septum and the inferior and middle turbinates. The study included 50 fresh cadavers. Excisional biopsy specimens of the NST with adjacent posterior septum were collected. In addition, mucosal and submucosal biopsy specimens were taken of the inferior and middle turbinates. Morphometric analysis was performed on five different tissue types: glandular elements, connective tissue stroma, arterial structures, and capillary or venous sinusoids. The mean proportion of venous sinusoids was statistically lower in the nasal septum and NST than in the inferior and middle turbinate. The mean proportion of glandular tissues was higher in the NST than in other regions of the nasal cavity. The mean proportion of arterial tissue was lower in the nasal septum and the NST. Significantly fewer capillary elements were found in the inferior and middle turbinates than in the nasal septum and NST. The mean proportion of connective tissues was lower in the NST than in other regions of the nasal cavity. The similar histopathological cell distribution in the middle and inferior turbinate supported a function as an erectile organ, but the findings for the NST pointed to different functional properties of this region.