Nasal Dermoid Cyst Research Articles

Imaging Yield and Surgical Outcomes of Nasal, Medial Brow, Forehead, and Scalp Dermoid Cysts.

Dermoid cyst (DC) is a congenital cyst with the potential to have intracranial extension (ICE). This study aims to evaluate the imaging yield and surgical outcomes of nasal, medial brow, forehead, and scalp DCs. Retrospective review of craniofacial DCs treated at our institution between 1992 and 2024. A total of 117 patients (57 females) were included. The median age at cyst detection and removal were 4.8 months (IQR 3.6-9.6) and 1.8 years (IQR 0.9-5.3), respectively. In 42 patients, parents have noticed the presence of the cyst immediately after birth. Cyst wall rupture during surgical removal was reported in 15.4%. The median follow-up time was 1.3 months (IQR 0.5-12.2). Three patients experienced recurrence. No postoperative complication was reported. The regions with the highest prevalence of ICE were the forehead, frontotemporal scalp, and nasal region. The lateral frontal/temporal scalp had a 33.3% rate of ICE. Midline forehead/scalp lesions demonstrated a higher risk of ICE compared to their lateral equivalents (54.5% vs 17.5%, P = .03). The sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were 100% and 95.7%, while for computed tomography (CT scans) were 72.7% and 96.5%. The Area Under the Curve for MRI was 0.978, and for CT was 0.846. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 50% and 100%. Midline forehead/scalp DCs are more prone to extend intracranially than lateral DCs. MRI had a higher sensitivity and specificity than CT scans in detecting ICE. Routine screening imaging should be considered in midline forehead/scalp, lateral frontal/temporal, and nasal DCs.

Nasal dermoid cyst

Abstract: Congenital midline lesions of the nose include nasal dermoids, encephaloceles, and gliomas. The nasal dermoid is least rare of these and is an uncommon midline developmental anomaly. Unlike encephalocoeles and gliomas ,craniofacial dermoids may present as a cyst, a sinus or a fistula (Setiyawan, 2013). In this patient, it was a cystic nasal swelling obscuring vision without any problem in visual acuity. He had this lesion from childhood but presented to the outpatient department in adolescent age. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy, ultrasonography, fin- needle aspiration cytology, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses were done reporting it as a nasal dermoid without any bony erosions. All routine investigations were done, and the patient was planned for excision under general anesthesia (GA). Excision of the mass was done under GA and sent for histopathology. Histopathological examination report confirmed it as a dermoid cyst.

Pädiatrische Rhinologie.

The following review article highlights key topics in pediatric rhinology that are currently the focus in research and at conferences as well as in the interdisciplinary discussion between otorhinolaryngologists and pediatricians. In particular, congenital malformations such as choanal atresia or nasal dermoid cysts are discussed, followed by statements on the current procedures for sinogenic orbital complications as well as on the diagnosis and therapy of chronic rhinosinusitis in children. Furthermore, updates on the role of the ENT specialist in the care for children with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia are provided.

Endoscopy-assisted excision of nasoglabellar dermoid cyst.

To assess the endoscopic assisted excision of the nasoorbital dermaoid cyst. Case series. Zagazig univesity hospitals. The study included patients with nasal dermoid who were operated using a local vertical incision with endoscopic assisted dissection and excision. Complete removal, complication, recurrence. In all patients, complete excision of the cyst was achieved with negligable blood loss. No recurrence was detected throughout the follow up. Endoscopic-assisted resection of the nasal dermoid cyst appears a safe and effective approach with small incision, precise dissection and satisfactory apparent scar with with low incidence of recurrence.

Rhinoplasty Surgical Technique for Nasal Dermoid Cyst Removal in Adult: Case Report.

Nasal dermoid cyst is a rare benign lesion. The mainstay of treatment for a nasal dermoid cyst is surgical excision, which aims to remove the cyst and associated structures to prevent recurrence. We report a case of a 30-year-old man with nasal dermoid cyst, without intranasal or intracranial extension. The patient underwent open rhinoplasty technique for dermoid cyst excision. He had an uneventful postoperative recovery and was discharged well. The cyst and associated structure were successfully removed. There was no evidence of recurrence and complications postoperatively after 2years of follow-up.

Reconstruction of the Nasal Columella of an Adult Patient with Nasolabial Subcutaneous Island Flap after Resection of a Dermoid Cyst

Dermoid cysts located in the nasal region are a kind of congenital lesions and may appear as a nasal swelling in the midline. Although nasal dermoid cysts are usually diagnosed during childhood, they can rarely be detected in adulthood. The most important feature that distinguishes nasal dermoid cysts from other Dermoid cysts of the body is that they can extend into deeper structures in the nose and even into intracranial area. Therefore, it is recommended to perform a good physical examination and a detailed imaging method such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging before the operation. Although the nasolabial island flap is a good option for Columella reconstruction, the flap should be followed-up closely for possible circulation problems.

An Unusual Mid-Line Nasal Mass in a Child: A Case Report

Congenital midline nasal masses are rare anomalies with a prevalence of 1 in 20,000 to 40,000 births. These masses include nasal glioma, dermoid cyst, lipoma, hemangioma, and encephalocele. Timely diagnosis and appropriate surgical management are essential for optimal outcomes. We report the case of a 3-year-old girl presenting with a firm, non-fixed, slightly erythematous midline nasal mass, which was present at birth but increased in size over time, and a right nasal encephalocele. Radiological evaluation, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confirmed the presence of both lesions with no connection between them. Initially, the right nasal encephalocele was endoscopically repaired. Subsequently, an incision was made in the midline nasal dorsum, and the nasal dorsal mass was successfully excised. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged without complications. The pathological examination of the excised nasal dorsum sample revealed a dark-colored, thick, malodorous material and hair follicles on macroscopic inspection. Microscopic inspection revealed the presence of skin appendages and hair follicles, findings consistent with a dermoid cyst. This case report highlights the co-occurrence of an encephalocele and a dermoid cyst, emphasizing the importance of thorough radiographic evaluation for accurate diagnosis. The surgical management, a novel technique, included skin closure using an advancement flap without grafting, resulting in a faster patient recovery time and a reduced hospital stay.

Quantifying the annual risk of infection in congenital midline nasal dermoid cysts in children.

Quantifying the annual risk of infection in congenital midline nasal dermoid cysts in children.

Nasal glial heterotopia in a 5-month-old girl – a case report

Nasal glial heterotopia is a rare congenital mass that is more commonly noted in infants. We report a case of nasal glial heterotopia in a 5-month-old girl initially presenting with unilateral nasal obstruction. Diagnostic imaging showed a tissue mass in the nasal cavity. The mass was resected via endoscopic surgery. We present the approach to radiological examination and clinical course of the case. In cases of infant nasal glial heterotopia recurrence of the mass is possible if it is not completely excised, so it is essential to be careful during the procedure and perform routine follow-ups. Differential diagnosis includes mainly meningocele and encephalocele, polyps and nasal dermoid cyst. Although nasal glial heterotopia is a rare condition, it should be taken into consideration in diagnosis of infants with nasal obstruction.

Congenital pediatric nasal dermoid on the lateral part of the nasal root ? a series of two cases

Nasal dermoid cysts are rare congenital defect resulting from an abnormality in embryonic development. They are usually located along the fusion line of the germ layers. When present superficially, nasal dermoid cysts are easy to detect and appear as firm, non-pulsating, slow-growing masses. The treatment of choice is complete surgical removal, regardless of their size. In any case, computed tomography (CT) should be performed before surgical treatment to exclude a possible intracranial connection. We present two cases of patients admitted to the hospital for the removal of nasal dermoid cyst. The performed CT examinations excluded the presence of communication with the cranial cavity. No postsurgical complications were observed. Postoperative histopathological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of dermatoid cysts.

Operative Approaches for Midline Nasal Dermoid Cysts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nasal dermoid cysts are the most common congenital midline nasal mass, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 20,000 to 40,000 births.1,2 While most are identified at a young age, nasal dermoid cysts are sometimes diagnosed and treated in adulthood. Pre-operative imaging and surgical resection are the gold standard for treating this pathology. However, there are numerous operative approaches described in the literature, including external incision, open rhinoplasty, trans-nasal endoscopy, and combined approaches.

Dermoid Cyst of Nasal Tip with a Sinus Tract Extending to the Intracranium: A Case Report.

Nasal dermoid cysts are rare congenital anomalies that affect one in 20,000 to one in 40,000 individuals. Herein, we report a case of an initially misdiagnosed nasal dermoid cyst with intracranial extension. Among nasal dermoids, the lesion of the nasal tip is considered uncommon. Therefore, this should always be considered as a differential diagnosis of midline nasal masses, and a proper diagnostic approach should be taken.

Feline upper respiratory tract disease - Computed tomography and laboratory diagnostic.

Background and Aim:Upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) is prevalent in cats, and diagnosis can be challenging. This study aimed to determine the most common causes of cat URTD in Latvia and describe computed tomography (CT) and laboratory diagnostic findings.Materials and Methods:The present retrospective study included a total of 94 cats who were diagnosed with URTD. All cats underwent CT, and 50 of them had additional diagnostic tests, such as histology and respiratory infection polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.Results:The most common CT finding was rhinosinusitis (55.32%) followed by nasal neoplasia (26.6%) and nasopharyngeal polyp (14.89%), but in three cats, a cause of respiratory symptoms was larynx neoplasia, nasal dermoid cyst, and an oronasal fistula. PCR test showed that the most cause of rhinosinusitis was Mycoplasma felis. Nasopharyngeal polyp as the primary diagnosis was identified in 14 cats from 3 months to 6 years, with an average age of 1.85 ± 1.915 years, and 54% of cats were female. Nasal neoplasia as a primary CT diagnosis was determined in 25 cats at the age of 5–18 years, with an average age of 10.56 ± 3.416 years. Histology diagnosis included four types of neoplasia – squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma, adenocarcinoma, and aplastic carcinoma.Conclusion:This study describes the most common CT and laboratory findings in cats with URTD. Included information will be helpful for general veterinary practitioners and researchers and will update their knowledge on feline URTD.

Duplication of pituitary gland-plus syndrome presenting with a transcranial nasal dermoid cyst

Duplication of pituitary gland-plus syndrome presenting with a transcranial nasal dermoid cyst

Radiologic Diagnosis of Nasal Gliomas with an Illustrative Case Report.

Nasal gliomas are congenital masses of dysplastic neuroglial and fibrovascular tissue. However, other congenital nasal masses, including encephaloceles, hemangiomas, and dermoid cysts make clinical diagnosis difficult. Radiological examination is imperative to accurate diagnosis of nasal gliomas. We hereby present the diagnostic imaging features of these lesions, which necessitate inclusion into the differential diagnosis of a congenital nasal mass.

Analysis of National Outcomes for Simple Versus Complex Nasal Dermoid Cyst Excision.

Nasal dermoid cysts represent a spectrum of complexity from dermal sacs to multiloculated sinus tracts with intracranial extension with treatments ranging from outpatient excision to transcranial procedures involving dissection of the dermoid from the dura mater. In this study, the authors examined national outcomes across the spectrum utilizing the NSQIP database. Interestingly, complication rates were uniformly low at 1.2% even though those requiring transcranial excision required significantly longer surgical procedures (P = 0.001), and were significantly more likely to be admitted as inpatients (P < 0.001). Risk factors for longer surgery included patients with comorbidities (P = 0.006), patients requiring rhinoplasty (P = 0.001), and patients requiring a craniotomy (P = 0.023). While uncommon (0.3%), infectious complications remain primary drivers of postoperative morbidity. The NSQIP database does not allow for calculation of recurrence risk, likely a driver of poorer long-term outcomes, and efforts to quantify recurrence risk will be the subject of future research.

A Case of Nasofrontal Dermoid Cyst Via Transcollumelar Approach

The midline nasal dermoid cysts are rare congenital neoplasms, which are diagnosed frequently in childhood. Masses are often noticeable at birth gaining size over time with recurrent infections and usually arise from the nasal cavity or lower 1/3 of the nasal dorsum. CT scan as the primary investigation is helpful to determine accurately the size and extent of the lesion as well as the integrity of adjacent bony structures. MRI scan is recommended to rule out an intracranial extension or sinus tracts. Treatment of choice is the complete surgical excision preserving the cyst wall. Here in, we present an unusual case of nasofrontal dermoid cyst in a 19-year-old boy without radiographic evidence of transcranial extension. In this case, we surgically removed nasofrontal dermoid cyst via transcolumellar approach. We also corrected saddle nose deformity after mass removal. Therefore, in this case, we experienced a successful case in which the nasofrontal dermoid cyst was totally removed without facial scar and deformity. Key Words: Dermoid cyst, Nasofrontal, Midline, Transcolumellar

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital nasal dermoid and sinus cysts in 11 infants: A consort compliant study.

There have been few studies on congenital nasal dermoid and sinus cysts (NDSCs) in infants.This study was performed to obtain clinical data for the diagnosis and treatment of NDSCs in infants.We performed a retrospective analysis of 11 infants admitted with NDSCs between 2014 and 2019. Patient demographics, lesion site, preoperative radiological findings, surgical technique, intraoperative findings, and postoperative sequelae were analyzed.In total, 11 infants (average age, 19 months; lowest age, 10 months) were included in this study. All patients presented with a nasal root mass, 2 patients also had nasal tip fistula, and only 1 case had a history of preoperative infection. Preoperative enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination showed nasal surface lesion (type I) in 3, nasal intraosseous (type II) in 5, intracranial epidural (type III) in 2, and intracranial dural (type IV) in 1 patient. The main surgical methods included direct resection with a vertical midline incision (9 patients), vertical incision + transnasal endoscopic resection + skull base repair (1 patient), and transverse incision of the lower margin of the left eyebrow (1 patient). All wounds healed well without serious complications.Using the 4-type classification method in combination with the preoperative CT findings to analyze the extent of NDSC in infants is helpful for formulating the surgical plan. Using vertical incision approach alone or combined with nasal endoscopy for minimally invasive surgery can meet the needs of complete resection and reconstruction.Our results provide clinical data that can help establish standardized criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of NDSCs in infants.

Nasal dermoid cyst excision with a lateral rhinotomy approach through the nasal alar sulcus

<i>Introduction:</i> Nasal dermoid tumors are the most common congenital midline nasal mass and develop as a result of failed involution of the neuroectomderm in the prenasal space. MRI is the diagnostic imaging study of choice. Nasal dermoids are classically treated by surgical excision. Many surgical approaches have been described including an external rhinoplasty, a lateral rhinotomy, a U-shaped or a longitudinal dorsal rhinotomy, a gull wing incision, a medial canthal incision, a nasal endoscopic resection, and a bicoronal incision. We present here a novel approach utilizing a lateral rhinotomy incision involving the nasal-alar sulcus with infratip and contralateral extension. <i>Case description:</i>We present a case of a 15-year-old male with acute swelling/tenderness to his nasal dorsum that did not resolve with 2 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Physical exam demonstrated a soft, compressible 2.5 × 2.5 cm mass on a saddled dorsum. CT and MRI imaging confirmed the presence of a nasal dermoid tumor within the anterior nose without evidence of intracranial extension. Surgical excision was performed using a novel approach to the nasal dorsum. A curvilinear incision was planned along the right nasal sidewall and continuing along the alar sulcus to the infra-tip lobule and up to the nasal alar sulcus on the left. A 4 mm punch was placed through the central pit on the lower third of the nasal dorsum along the midline axis to serve as a subcutaneous landmark during the dissection. A dorsal skin flap was elevated along the planed incision from right to left in the subcutaneous plane until reaching the punched central nasal pit. The midline dorsal mass was identified as well as the connecting stalk through the punch to the dorsal cutaneous pit. This mass was resected en bloc and was removed from the nasal cavity. Autologous rib harvest was used for nasal dorsum reconstruction. <i>Discussion:</i> When planning the surgical approach to the midline nasal mass should, the surgeon must understand that the approach taken should provide the ability to perform medial and lateral osteotomies if required, should favor rapid repair of cribiform defects with associated cerebrospinal fluid leak if present, should facilitate reconstruction of the nasal dorsum, and should offer the likely outcome of an acceptable scar. The approach described meets these requirements and provides tremendous access and visualization for resection. This approach may be considered for other prenasal soft tissue mass resections as well.

Excision for congenital nasal dermoid and sinus cyst in children

Objective: To explore the surgical effect and experience of endoscope-assisted excision for congenital nasal dermoid and sinus cyst (NDSC) in children. Methods: Fifty-three patients with congenital NDSC treated in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2007 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, including 30 boys and 23 girls, with the age ranging from 9 to 145 months (mean age 35.6 months). The ultra-low-dose CT scan and MRI of the paranasal sinuses were performed for all patients. Excisions of NDSC under general anesthesia were performed for all patients, and surgical approaches were dependent on location and extent of the lesions according to radiographic workups. All intra-osseous patients and complicated superficial cases underwent surgical excision of NDSC and nasal reconstruction with the assistance of endoscope. Initial presentation, medical history, imaging workups, surgical approaches, complications, rates of recurrence and cosmetic outcomes were evaluated. Descriptive statistics was used for the results analysis. Results: Among 53 cases, the most common presentation included a nasal-glabella mass (n=21, 39.6%), a dorsal punctum (n=13, 24.5%) and a dorsal mass (n=9, 17.0%). The sites of NDSC included nasal glabella (n=22, 41.5%), nasal bridge (n=27, 50.9%) and nasal tip (n=4, 7.5%). Of all patients, 24 cases (45.3%) had superficial lesions, 19 cases (35.8%) had intraosseous extension into the frontonasal bones, 10 cases (18.9%) extended intracranially but remained extradural. Surgical approaches included transverse incision (n=22, 41.5%), minimal midline vertical incision (n=27, 50.9%) and external rhinoplasty (n=4, 7.5%). All NDSC were successfully excised and no nasal reconstruction needed. All cases were followed up from 9 to 151 months with a mean of 67.3 months. Five patients (9.4%) with recurrence were observed and were managed successfully with reoperation. During the follow-up, no nasal deformity was noted, and cosmetic outcome was favorable for all patients. Conclusion: Endoscope-assisted excision has the advantage of clear vision, small trama and low recurrence rate for children with NDSC.