NAS Members Research Articles

Лінгвістична іміджелогія: дослідницький потенціал

The article examines the issue of changing of scientific paradigms and strategies of analysis, the formation of new research areas in modern times. Current statements of Western epistemology regarding the transformation of the scientific worldview from traditional spheres of knowledge to functional, communicative, syncretic, typical for the information age are commented. The logic of Jacqueline Rus's argument according to the radical changes in modern science, commensurate with the development of humanity and societies, is clarified. The essence of intellectual processes in current linguistics is analyzed, when a strong interest in the functional capabilities of the language has been formed since the end of the 19th century, instead of the traditional attention to the system and structural description of the language. The functional resource of language is interpreted in the article as an immanent property revealed in stylistic modifications of genres and texts. At the same time, the stylistic polyphony of texts, cognition of their communicative harmony with the purpose and objectivity of communication give rise to new research directions in linguistics – media linguistics, political and business linguistics, linguistic imagelogy, etc. Linguistic imageology as a special research field of scientific interests in philology is still being formed as a systematic direction. Syncretic in essence, linguoimageology determines the main parameters of the discipline – object, subject of analysis, strategies, tactics, methods of language activity, specific methods of text analysis, etc. in discussions and ambiguous formulations. The article presents a link for the first publication in this field – "Linguistic imageology: dictionary of terms and concepts" as a model and a possible criterion for systematic linguoimageology research. The edition conceptually forms the main categories and concepts of the direction, presents scientific definitions based on the researched locus of the functional and communicative language resource of the information world correlated with other directions of humanities. Keywords: media linguistics, linguistic imagelogy, integral links of linguistic imagelogy, strategies of linguistic imagelogy, tactics of linguistic imagelogy, information age, Jacqueline Russ. Іnformation about the author: Shevchenko Larysa Ivanivna – Corresponding Member of NAS of Ukraine, Doctor of Philology, Professor; Head of the Department of Stylistics and Language Communication; Educational and Scientific Institute of Philology; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. ScopusID

In memory of the member of NAS of Ukraine Serhii Andriiovych Andronati

In memory of the member of NAS of Ukraine Serhii Andriiovych Andronati

Ivan Semenovych Kosenko – a person, scientist, and citizen

Aim. To define the phenomenon of personal formation and reveal sources of creative energy, and scientific achievements of the Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of NAS of Ukraine, the Honored Worker of Culture of Ukraine, Laureate of the Ukrainian State Award in the field of architecture, holder of all three classes of the Order “For Merit” and many state, departmental and international awards, Honorary Citizen of Uman, an outstanding scientist and phytobiologist, a world-renowned researcher of hazelnut and the author of hazelnut cultivars Ivan Semenovych Kosenko. He was also a head of the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for 42 years. Methods. Biographical paradigmatic-synergetic methods were used to work, and the cognitive possibilities of the synergetic approach to study the way of life and personality of a scientist in his individuality and imagery in natural disasters and sociopolitical upheavals of the 20th – early 21st centuries. Results. The dynamics of the notion of “personality” and the place of a scientist's personality in scientific cognition in different countries and at different epochs of human development are analyzed. The Curriculum Vitae is presented based on Ivan Semenovych Kosenko's questionnaires and biographical publications of his colleagues, which provide information about his childhood and youth and the role of family and teachers in shaping his personality. Ivan Semenovych's activity during major political and economic crises and natural disasters, when the fate of “Sofiyivka” was under the decision, characterizes him as an effective manager. He was able to assess external and internal threats realistically and successfully overcome the most significant obstacles involving the public, business, and power-holding structures. In the history of world management of preservation, restoration and development of botanical gardens and parks-monuments of landscape art were gone his following achievements: results of restoration of “Sofiyivka” from the consequences of mudflow with more than 70-cm ice, which in night from 3 to 4 April 1980 swept through the park destroying everything on its way; withdrawal in May 1987 of the chemical threat to “Sofiyivka” and the whole Uman district from the possible construction of a nicotine acid plant near Uman; organization of works in the new territories of the park in the turbulent 1990s, when almost all production and construction in the state stopped; restoration of the original appearance of some park landscapes in the historical part of the park and development of new territories in 2014–21; the recruitment original landscapes in the historical part of the park and the restoration of new areas of the park, when the foreign and domestic political situation in Ukraine worsened, accompanied by a drop in the purchasing power of the domestic population and fears of foreign tourists about possible terrorist attacks, minimized income from the sale of planting material and tourist services. Conclusions. The unusual achievements of the team headed by I.S. Kosenko and the results of his more than 40 years of scientific and organizational activities, as well as the best traits of an anti-crisis manager, capable of achieving the desired success in the most challenging economic and political conditions while maintaining comfortable conditions of work and rest for the personnel, are generally recognized in Ukraine and throughout the world. It can state that the currently implemented two five-year term limits with mandatory rotation of heads of the state enterprise needs significant reservations regarding the directors of historical, cultural, and scientific institutions.

To the 75th anniversary of Academician of the NAS of Ukraine A. A. Borisenko

May 24, 2021 turned 75 years since the birth of the famous mathematician, academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Oleksandr Andriyovych Borisenko. The editorial board welcomes. According to the interviews of O.A. Borisenko: ''Half a century in geometry. To the 75th anniversary of corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine O.A. Borisenko. (2021). Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, (5), 95–102.''

Дослідник рукописної і книжкової спадщини та організатор науки (до 70-річчя члена- кореспондента НАН України Л.А. Дубровіної)

Дослідник рукописної і книжкової спадщини та організатор науки (до 70-річчя члена- кореспондента НАН України Л.А. Дубровіної)

Математика — любов на все життя до 80-річчя члена-кореспондента НАН України В.П. Моторного

Математика — любов на все життя до 80-річчя члена-кореспондента НАН України В.П. Моторного

Життєвий і творчий шлях відомого математика (до 70-річчя члена-кореспондента НАН України О.А. Бойчука)

Життєвий і творчий шлях відомого математика (до 70-річчя члена-кореспондента НАН України О.А. Бойчука)

НА ШЛЯХУ ДО ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО СТРИБКА ПРИЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ ЧЕРЕЗ МОРСЬКІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА ІННОВАЦІЇ Інтерв’ю з членом-кореспондентом НАН України В.О. Ємельяновим

НА ШЛЯХУ ДО ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО СТРИБКА ПРИЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ ЧЕРЕЗ МОРСЬКІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА ІННОВАЦІЇ Інтерв’ю з членом-кореспондентом НАН України В.О. Ємельяновим

Corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine L.V. Usenko is 80.

Corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine L.V. Usenko is 80.

Books, Articles, and Items of Academic Interest

The Spring 2013Books, Articles, and Items of Academic Interest reviewedHow Common Core’s ELA Standards Place College Readiness at Risk, a Pioneer Institute white paper by NAS members Sandra Stotsky and Mark Bauerlein. Evaluating the English Language Arts (ELA) standards proposed for the Common Core initiative, the authors criticized the lack of specific textual content: “Apart from Shakespeare and a few informational documents, authors and titles are missing” (http://pioneerinstitute.org/download/howcommon-cores-ela-standards-place-college-readiness-at-risk/). This summer, the Honorable William H. Young, a former White House domestic policy advisor for George H.W. Bush, offered his own review of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in a series of articles posted on the NAS website (http://www.nas.org/articles/ common_core_state_standards_an_overview). Young’s thesis supports CCSS, on the grounds that it “establish[es] a higher floor—not a ceiling—for academic achievement.” For Young, other policy levers simply have not been sufficiently effective in raising standards (e.g., No Child Left Behind), for they have not attended to the foremost factor: the curriculum. Quoting a 2012 Brookings Institution paper, Young argues that “there is strong evidence that the choice of Acad. Quest. (2013) 26:510–517 DOI 10.1007/s12129-013-9384-1

Chlen-korespondent NAN Ukrayiny Anatoliy Mykolayovych Pohorilyy (do 70-richchya vid dnya narodzhennya)

Chlen-korespondent NAN Ukrayiny Anatoliy Mykolayovych Pohorilyy (do 70-richchya vid dnya narodzhennya)

Climate change: Meeting the challenge

The debate over global warming is over. That was the implicit message of a public letter that appeared in the journal Science on May 7, 2010, signed by 255 members of the prestigious National Academy of Sciences, including Lonnie Thompson. The letter declared that “there is compelling, comprehensive, and consistent objective evidence that humans are changing the climate in ways that threaten our societies and the ecosystems on which we depend.” (The NAS members' letter in Science is available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/328/5979/689.pdf) The writers acknowledged that “science never absolutely proves anything,” but they identified five conclusions consistently supported by climate research: (i) The planet is warming due to increased concentrations of heat-trapping gases in our atmosphere. A snowy winter in Washington does not alter this fact. (ii) Most of the increase in the concentration of these gases over the last century is due to human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. (iii) Natural causes always play a role in changing Earth's climate, but are now being overwhelmed by human-induced changes. (iv) Warming the planet will cause many other climatic patterns to change at speeds unprecedented in modern times, including increasing rates of sea-level rise and alterations in the hydrologic cycle. Rising concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) are making the oceans more acidic. (v) The combination of these complex climate changes threatens coastal communities and cities, our food and water supplies, marine and freshwater ecosystems, forests, high mountain environments, and far more. These scientists go on to say, “We urge our policymakers and the public to move forward immediately to address the causes of climate change, including the unrestrained burning of fossil fuels.” Although the letter has an ominous tone, the authors conclude by adding, “The good news is that smart and effective actions are possible.” The question arises, What smart and effective actions can behavior analysts contribute to this effort?

Systematic Differences in Impact across Publication Tracks at PNAS

BackgroundCitation data can be used to evaluate the editorial policies and procedures of scientific journals. Here we investigate citation counts for the three different publication tracks of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). This analysis explores the consequences of differences in editor and referee selection, while controlling for the prestige of the journal in which the papers appear.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe find that papers authored and “Contributed” by NAS members (Track III) are on average cited less often than papers that are “Communicated” for others by NAS members (Track I) or submitted directly via the standard peer review process (Track II). However, we also find that the variance in the citation count of Contributed papers, and to a lesser extent Communicated papers, is larger than for direct submissions. Therefore when examining the 10% most-cited papers from each track, Contributed papers receive the most citations, followed by Communicated papers, while Direct submissions receive the least citations.Conclusion/SignificanceOur findings suggest that PNAS “Contributed” papers, in which NAS–member authors select their own reviewers, balance an overall lower impact with an increased probability of publishing exceptional papers. This analysis demonstrates that different editorial procedures are associated with different levels of impact, even within the same prominent journal, and raises interesting questions about the most appropriate metrics for judging an editorial policy's success.

PNAS will eliminate Communicated submissions in July 2010

As of July 1, 2010, PNAS will no longer allow the submission of papers “Communicated” to the journal by NAS members and will instead handle these papers as Direct Submissions. Authors are free to ask an NAS member to edit their paper as a “Prearranged Editor” prior to submission to PNAS. Assignments are handled by the Editorial Board, and members who agree in principle to edit a paper are given special consideration by the board. NAS member contributions are not affected by this policy change. PNAS has a nearly 100-year history of scientific publishing that is governed by principles established by George Ellery Hale in 1914, which include publication of work by a nonmember that appears to an NAS member to be of particular importance. Until 1995, the majority of papers published in PNAS were authored by nonmembers whose work was “Communicated” by an NAS member who believed the work to be of sufficient significance to warrant publication in the Academy's journal. Many such papers were landmarks in their field, such as …

IN MEMORY OF THE PROFESSOR V.P. TULCHYNSKA

The article is devoted to the centenery of the prominent scientist-microbiologist, corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine professor Vera Petrivna Tulchynska (31.07.1907 - 27.05.1994).The spectrum of scientific interests of V.P. Tulchynska was extremely wide and dealt with Medical, General and Water Microbiology, Virology, Ecology and Environmental Protection. V.P. Tulchynska has worked for 32 yeas (1951 - 1983) as the Head of the Chair of Microbiology and Virology of Odesa State University after I.I. Mechnykov.

Seminar-Workshop in Issues of Further Development in Ukraine of Studies of Space Factors Influence on Biosphere and Technosphere

On April 25, 2007, a seminar-workshop in issues of further development in Ukraine of studies of space factors influence on biosphere and technosphere held in Institute of Space Research (ISR) of NAS of Ukraine and National Space Agency (NSA) of Ukraine, (Kiev, Academician Glushkov Avenue 40). The seminar-workshop held within the framework of preparation to the VII International Conference “Space and biosphere: space weather and biological processes”, dedicated to 110th Anniversary of the founder of heliobiology A.L .Chizhevskiy planned for 1–6 October 2007 in Sudak, Crimea, by the Ukrainian Biophysical Society (UBFS). At will and within the framework of time-limit of the seminar-workshop the participants were provided with opportunity to participate in discussion of state and prospects of development of research in the mentioned problem, and also to make a short information communication (5-10 min) on important and promising, in the lecturer opinion, directions of research. The following researchers took part in the seminar-workshop: head of department of space research and programs of NSA of Ukraine, director of ISR of NAS of Ukraine, doctor in physics and mathematics O.P. Fedorov, deputy director of ISR of NAN of Ukraine and NSA of Ukraine, correspondent member of NAS of Ukraine V.F. Gubarev, head of department of ISR of NAN of Ukraine and NSA of Ukraine, doctor in physics and mathematics M.M. Lychak, leading researcher, doctor of engineering Ya.I. Zelyk, Scientific Secretary of UBFS, candidate of biology, associate professor of Kiev Taras Shevchenko

NEW NAS MEMBERS

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNEW NAS MEMBERSAcademy elects 72 new members and 18 foreign associates from 16 countriesWILLIAM SCHULZCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2006, 84, 18, 6Publication Date (Print):May 1, 2006Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 1 May 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v084n018.p006Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (592 KB) Get e-Alerts

CICERONE UP FOR NAS PRESIDENT

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMIST Ralph J. Cicerone, chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, has been nominated to succeed Bruce Alberts as president of the National Academy of Sciences. NAS members will vote on his nomination in November. Alberts' second sixyear term ends in July 2005. Cicerone, who tells C&EN that he was not a science-fair kind of kid, says his fascination with and appreciation for science has grown throughout my adult life. Over his long career, he has become enormously impressed by the value of the scientific enterprise and it can do for the world, and his enthusiasm for NAS is great. He plans to consult with Alberts and judge what is working well before marching off in new directions. Amember of NAS since 1990, Cicerone has served on many of its committees and on its governing council. In 2001, he chaired the study titled Climate Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key Questions, ...

Human reproductive cloning: the time is near

Reproductive cloning today continues to preoccupy the general public and its critics in a very controversial and often misleading manner. We, in the field of scientific and reproductive medicine, realize that our responsibilities are quite numerous and extremely delicate. It was not too long ago that we witnessed the atmosphere at the National Academy of Sciences hearing in Washington, DC (August 2001) on the topic of human reproductive cloning, although not entirely militated against by its concomitant scholarly document (National Academy of Sciences, 2002; Simpson and Edwards, 2003). As one of the invited participants, it was evident from the behaviour of the NAS members and their invited guests that this hearing was scheduled not to discuss the topic of human reproductive cloning, but rather to condemn it. From the beginning of our efforts, we have never stated that we intended to create the first cloned embryo and the first human being for reproductive purposes by ignoring the public’s concerns and the scientific critics. We also never intended to ignore the contradictory results that scientists in the field of animal cloning have obtained during the past years. We merely wanted to learn from all the difficulties that the animal cloning experts encountered, in order to take the criticisms and the public’s concerns as seriously as possible and turn them into positive developments. It was quite evident to us from the beginning of this debate that with further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved during the processes of embryogenesis, careful tailoring of subsequently

POWELL SEEKS SCIENTISTS' HELP

SECRETARY OF STATE COLIN L. Powell referred to National Academies as great partner in foreign in a speech last week in Washington, D.C. The strong partnership between American science and American statecraft is more critical than ever in meeting challenges of 21st century, Powell said. That our decisionmakers and diplomats should work closely with our finest scientists is not a novel idea; it goes back to earliest days of our republic. Powell was a featured speaker at NAS's annual meeting. Powell sought NAS members' further help in U.S. efforts to combat terrorism and asked for aid in achieving other U.S. foreign policy goals. Whether mission is supporting President's campaign against terrorism, implementing arms agreements, creating conditions for sustainable development, or stemming global HIV/AIDS pandemic, Powell said, the formulation of our foreign policy must proceed from a solid scientific foundation. Powell spoke of strengthening U.S. ...