Naja Tripudians Research Articles

Post-COVID-19 Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia Treated with Naja tripudians: A Case Report

Abstract Background/Introduction The majority of people who recover from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience tachycardia and/or palpitations after slight activity or at rest. In some cases, the resting heart rate may remain above 100 beats per minute or get exacerbated out of proportion by slight activity. This persistent tachycardia appearing in post-COVID-19 may clinically present as inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST). The common mode of diagnosis is electrocardiography after excluding other causes of tachycardia. So far, there is no reported study evaluating individualised homoeopathic intervention in post-COVID-19 IST in peer-reviewed homoeopathic journals. Method This report describes a case of tachycardia and palpitations developed after COVID-19. After complete evaluation of laboratory reports and clinical examination, the diagnosis of IST was made. After detailed case taking and repertorisation, Naja tripudians was prescribed as an individualised homoeopathic remedy to treat the case. Outcomes were assessed objectively on the basis of electrocardiography and subjectively using outcome related to impact on daily living (ORIDL) scale. Result There was a marked subjective improvement along with objective improvement as evidenced by electrocardiography images. The case showed a 4+ outcome on ORIDL scale. The Modified Naranjo Criteria total score was +9 out of a possible +13, providing definite evidence to attribute the clinical outcome with the homoeopathic intervention. Conclusion This single case demonstrates that Naja tripudians, a rarely used drug, may be helpful in treating post-COVID-19 IST. Clinical trials in this direction are required to conclude firm causal attribution.

A case of secondary infertility and understanding evolutionary Materia Medica of Naja Tripudians from life space of the case

Infertility is a prevalent problem that has significant consequences for individuals, families, and the community. Treatment for infertility is mainly based on the cause, but in some cases there is no obvious cause for infertility, still women cannot conceive which is known as unexplained infertility, contributes 10-20% incidence. In such cases also, individualized homoeopathic treatment proved useful. This article contains such case report, where Homoeopathy showed its efficiency in treating infertility, and also an attempt is made in this article to understand evolution and rubrics of Naja Tripudians through case analysis.

In Defense of Moral Contagion: Annie Vivanti's Naja Tripudians and the 1918 Influenza Pandemic

In Annie Vivanti’s Naja Tripudians (1920), London has been struck by a moral contamination that, spreading out from the center, has reached the sleepy rural village of Wild-Forest, where it will infect and eventually consume Leslie and Myosotis Harding. Though their father is a contagious disease specialist, he proves entirely incapable of protecting them from this contagion—and not only because it is home-grown. Perhaps more significantly his failure has to do his reliance on strategies of isolation and confinement, which not only prove ineffective in shielding his daughters from danger but also render them paradoxically more susceptible to the contagion. Although the novel was written during the Influenza Pandemic of 1918, critics have given little attention to the figures of immunity and contagion that structure the novel. By attending to these discourses, I argue that this novel can be read as anticipating in important respects Esposito's reflections on immunity. Though many have seen Naja Tripudians as a morality tale, I argue that the novel is better understood as a kind of 'anti-morality' tale, warning against the immoral things that result from resisting immoral things. The immunitary logic of the novel seems to suggest, in the end, that the preservation of moral virtue requires that we expose ourselves to the source of contamination, perhaps that we even behave a little badly ourselves.

Comparative analysis of Lachesis and naja tripudians in cardiovascular diseases

Lachesis and Naja belongs to Ophidia group of medicines. Both these medicines are prominently mentioned as curative medicine for many diseases of cardiovascular system. For treating cardiovascular diseases, a homoeopathic physician must know what is curative in homoeopathic medicines along with proper disease diagnosis. Differential and comparative study of Lachesis and naja will helps us to select our similimum in cardiovascular diseases with more clarity.

A histochemical study of follicular atresia in the snake ovary.

AbstractBy employing histochemical techniques, the follicular atresia and problems of interstitial cells have been worked out in the ovaries of two species of snakes (Naja tripudians and Bungarus coeruleus). Large follicles with a polymorphic granulosa show more atresia from September to November. Details of morphological and histochemical changes in the yolk nucleus substance, mitochondria and lipid bodies of oocyte and granulosa have been described. During atresia the theca interna is greatly hypertrophied and is loaded with lipids consisting of first phospholipids, then phospholipids and triglycetides and finally triglycerides, cholesterol and its ester and little phospholipids. Finally the oocyte, zona pellucida, granulosa cells and most of the cells of theca interna regress and disappear, leaving behind some residual cells of theca interna. The histochemistry of normal and atretic follicle of snakes and lizards has also been compared and contrasted with that in mammals. The “interstitial cells” of snake ovary have been discussed in the light of recent researches carried out on similar cells in the mammalian ovary.

Toxins of the Egyptian cobra (Naja tripudians).

OBSERVATIONS have been made on absorption spectra of natural venom and crystallized toxin (Naja tripudians)1.

Societies and Academies

PARIS. Academy of Sciences, Sept. 15.—Paul Helbronner: The observation of a polar aurora. Observed Sept. 3, between parallels 65° 10″and 64° 40′, on the occasion of the meeting of the International Congress of Geodesy and Geophysics at Stockholm.—V. Romanovsky: The discrete chains of Markoff.—J. Rey Pastor: A method of convergence by means.—L. Bert and M. Raynaud: A synthesis of propenyl benzene. The reaction between w-chlorallyl benzene and sodium gave unexpected results, propenyl benzene, C6H5.CH:CH.CH3, being the main product. The yield is sufficient to make this a good method of preparation of this hydrocarbon.—Jean Piveteau: The structural peculiarities of a new type of fossil fish from the Permo-Triassic formations of the north of Madagascar. This fossil has been previously described by Priem, and considered by him as belonging to the genus Pristisomus; the author does not agree with this view, and suggests the name of Australosomus as the name of a new genus.—J. Vellard and Jarbas Penteado: The action of ultra-violet rays on venoms. Experiments were made on venoms from Lachesis atrox, L. jararaca, Crotalus terriflcus, Naja tripudians, and Bufo marinus. An account of the changes in physical and chemical properties is given. The physiological action was found to be considerably reduced by exposure to ultra-violet light. With large doses of venoms irradiated for 45 minutes, the authors have been able to protect guinea-pigs and goats against the action of a subsequent injection of fatal doses of fresh venom.

On the Trematode Parasites of a Water-Snake, Tropidonotus piscator

The material for this paper was obtained from snakes, Tropidonotus piscator, caught near water pools in Kamayut, Rangoon. Six were dissected, two of which yielded about nine specimens of Encydometra bolognensis (Baer, 1924) from the oesophagus on each occasion. One of them had only one adult and one immature specimen of Xenopharynx piscator n.sp. in its gall-bladder.bladder. Two others had their intestines infected with numerous specimens of Acanthochasmus burminis n.sp. Specimens of Encydometra bolognensis were obtained from grass-snakes, Tropidonotus natrix, by Baylis and Cannon and Baer on previous occasions. A different species of Xenopharynx, namely X. solus Nicoll, 1912, was obtained by Khalil in 1923 and by Nicoll in 1912 from the gall-bladders of Indian cobras, Naja bungarus and Naja tripudians respectively. It appears, therefore, that the types of the genus Xenopharynx are common parasites of the gall-bladders of the Ophidia in the Indian region. Species of Acanthochasmus have been previously recorded from reptiles as well as fishes.

Publication announcement

VI. “A Preliminary Account of a Research into the Nature of the Venom of the Indian Cobra ( Naja tripudians ). By R. Norris Wolfenden, M.D. Cantab, (from the Physiological Laboratoiy, University College, London). Communicated by E. A. Schafer, F. R. S. Received November 17, 1885.

On the Nature and Action of the Venom of Poisonous Snakes

The Journal of PhysiologyVolume 7, Issue 4 p. 327-356 ArticleFree Access On the Nature and Action of the Venom of Poisonous Snakes I. The Venom of the Indian Cobra (Naja Tripudians) R. Norris Wolfenden, R. Norris WolfendenSearch for more papers by this author R. Norris Wolfenden, R. Norris WolfendenSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1886 https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1886.sp000230Citations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume7, Issue4September 1, 1886Pages 327-356 RelatedInformation

Societies and Academies

LONDON Royal Society, December 57, 1885.—“A Preliminary Account of a Research into the Nature of the Venom of the Indian Cobra (Naja tripudians).” By R. Norris Wolfenden, M.D., Cantab. (from the Physiological Laboratory, University Coil., London). Communicated by E. A. Schäfer, F.R.S.

I. On the differences in the physiological effects produced by the poisous of certain species of Indian venomous snakes

Hitherto no clear distinction has been recognised to exist between the actions of the poisons of the various species of venomous reptiles. It will be the object of this paper to examine closely the symptoms produced by these poisons in order to detect any differences that may be present, and to see if the poisonous agents can be classified according to their physiological effects. As poisonous reptiles admit of a simple anatomical classification into colubrine and viperine, one member of each group will he taken. It will be convenient to begin with the cobra, which is one of the most virulent and best known of colubrine venomous snakes. I.— The Physiological Effects of the Poison of the Cobra (Naja Tripudians). In order to exhibit the effect of this venom, it will he necessary to detail the results that follow when animals of different classes have been poisoned by this snake.

II. On the nature and physiological action of the Crotalus -poison as compared with that of Naja tripudians and other Indian venomous snakes; also investigations into the nature of the influence of Naja - and Crotalus -poison on ciliary and amæboid action and on Vallisneria , and on the influence of inspiration of pure oxygen on poisoned animals

In our former papers we described the general phenomena accompany the physiological action of cobra- and Daboia -poisons on warm-boded animals, reptiles, Ashes, and invertebrata. We propose in this paper to compare with these the action of the Crotalus -virus in its gener effects on life, on the functions, organs, and tissues, and especially as affects the blood and vessels as regards a marked influence in causin hæmorrhages and extravasations of blood generally and locally; and further, to examine the action of snake-poison generally on ciliary an amæboid movements—or that which represents its action on contract lity, apart from that which is caused through the medium of the nerve centres and nerve-distribution. It appears that there is little difference between the physiologic effects of the crotaline or viperine and the colubrine virus.

On the nature and physiological action of the posion of Naja tripudians and other Indian venomous snakes

On the nature and physiological action of the posion of Naja tripudians and other Indian venomous snakes

I. On the nature and physiological action of the poison of Naja tripudians and other Indian venomous snakes

The effects of the poison of Naja tripudians are probably the same as those of Ophiophagus elaps, Bungarus , Hvdrophidæ, and other poisonous colubrine snakes, whilst that of Daboia Russellii is similar to that of Echis carinata , and also of the Trimeresuri , which represent the viperine snakes in India. Just as the Naja may be regarded as among the most virulent of the colubrine, the Daboia is probably as venomous as any of the viperine snakes, it being very deadly; whilst the Crotalidæ are but feebly represented in India by the Trimeresuri .

II. On the nature and physiological action of the poison of Naja tripudians and other Indian venomous snakes.—Part I

The destruction of life in India by snake-bites is so great, that, with the hope of preventing or diminishing the mortality, in 1867 Dr. Fayrer began, and has recently completed, a protracted and systematic series of investigations on the subject in all its aspects; and, in a work entitled the 'Thanatophidia of India,’ has published a description of the venomous snakes found in British India, with an account of a series of experiments on the lower animals, conducted for the purpose of studying the nature of the poison, its modus operandi , and the value of the numerous remedies that have been from time to time reputed as antidotes—that is, as having the power of neutralizing the lethal effects of the virus, and of saving life.