N-Nakagami Fading Channels Research Articles

BP neural network-based ABEP performance prediction for mobile Internet of Things communication systems

Wireless communications play an important role in the mobile Internet of Things (IoT). For practical mobile communication systems, N-Nakagami fading channels are a better characterization than N-Rayleigh and 2-Rayleigh fading channels. The average bit error probability (ABEP) is an important factor in the performance evaluation of mobile IoT systems. In this paper, cooperative communications is used to enhance the ABEP performance of mobile IoT systems using selection combining. To compute the ABEP, the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the direct link and end-to-end link are considered. The probability density function (PDF) of these SNRs is derived, and this is used to derive the cumulative distribution function, which is used to derive closed-form ABEP expressions. The theoretical results are confirmed by Monte-Carlo simulation. The impact of fading and other parameters on the ABEP performance is examined. These results can be used to evaluate the performance of complex environments such as mobile IoT and other communication systems. To support active complex event processing in mobile IoT, it is important to predict the ABEP performance. Thus, a back-propagation (BP) neural network-based ABEP performance prediction algorithm is proposed. We use the theoretical results to generate training data. We test the extreme learning machine (ELM), linear regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and BP neural network methods. Compared to LR, SVM, and ELM methods, the simulation results verify that our method can consistently achieve higher ABEP performance prediction results.

Physical Layer Security Performance of Mobile Vehicular Networks

Vehicular communication is an emergent technology with promising future, which can promote the development of mobile vehicular networks. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless channels, vehicular user mobility, and the diversity of vehicular network structures, the physical layer security issue of the mobile vehicular networks is a major concern. In this paper, the physical layer security performance of the mobile vehicular networks over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. Exact closed-form expressions for the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), secrecy outage probability (SOP), and average secrecy capacity (ASC) are derived. Monte-Carlo simulation is used to verify the secrecy performance under different conditions. We further investigate the relationship between secrecy performance and the system parameters.

Joint TAS and Power Allocation for Multiuser M2M Cooperative Networks

ABSTRACTMultiuser diversity (MUD) can be exploited in multiuser networks to improve performance. In this paper, the outage probability (OP) of amplify-and-forward relaying multiuser networks with transmit antenna selection (TAS) over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. Exact closed-form OP expressions are derived for two TAS schemes. These expressions are used to evaluate the effect of the power allocation on the OP. Monte Carlo simulation is used to verify the analysis. The results show that MUD has a significant effect on the OP.

Joint Relay Selection and Power Allocation for AF Relaying M2M Cooperative System

The outage probability (OP) of amplify-and-forward relaying mobile-to-mobile system with relay selection over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. The closed-form expressions for tight lower bound on OP are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated for performance optimization. The OP under different conditions is evaluated through simulation to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the number of mobile relays, fading coefficient, number of cascaded components, relative geometrical gain, and power-allocation parameter have a significant influence on the OP performance.

Relay selection in the multiple-mobile-relay-based D2D system over N-Nakagami fading channels

Based on variable-gain amplify-and-forward relaying scheme, the lower bound on the outage probability of the multiple-mobile-relay-based device-to-device system with relay selection over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. By the method of harmonic mean of positive random variables, the closed-form expressions for the lower bound on outage probability are derived. Then the outage probability performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the number of mobile relays, the fading coefficient, the number of cascaded components, the relative geometrical gain, and the power-allocation parameter have an important influence on the outage probability performance.

Relay selection in the multiple-mobile-relay-based D2D system over N-Nakagami fading channels

Based on variable-gain amplify-and-forward relaying scheme, the lower bound on the outage probability of the multiple-mobile-relay-based device-to-device system with relay selection over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. By the method of harmonic mean of positive random variables, the closed-form expressions for the lower bound on outage probability are derived. Then the outage probability performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the number of mobile relays, the fading coefficient, the number of cascaded components, the relative geometrical gain, and the power-allocation parameter have an important influence on the outage probability performance.

Performance analysis of AF relaying M2M cooperative system

In this paper, the upper bound on the average symbol error probability (ASEP) of the mobile-relay-based mobile-to-mobile (M2M) system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. By the pairwise error probability (PEP) approach, the closed-form expressions for the upper bound are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated to determine how the overall transmit power should be shared between broadcasting and relaying phases for performance optimisation. Then, the ASEP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. Results are presented which show that the fading coefficient, the number of cascaded components, the relative geometrical gain, and the power-allocation parameter have an important influence on the ASEP performance.

ABEP Performance of ISDF Relaying M2M Cooperative Networks

In this paper, the average bit error probability (ABEP) performance of the incremental-selective decode-and-forward (ISDF) relaying mobile-to-mobile (M2M) cooperative networks over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. The exact ABEP expressions are derived, and the power allocation problem is formulated.The derived ABEP expressions are verified by Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results showed that the propagation parameters, such as the fading coefficient, and the power-allocation parameter, have a significant influence on the ABEP performance.

Performance analysis for M2M video transmission cooperative networks using transmit antenna selection

Due to mobile-to-mobile (M2M) communication unpredictability and difficulty in securing reliable channels, transmission of video over M2M networks is challenging. Cooperative communication and transmit antenna selection are two different techniques which can benefit from path diversity for robust video communication. In this paper, the outage probability (OP) performance of multi-relay-based M2M video transmission networks with transmit antenna selection over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. The exact closed-form expressions for OP of optimal and suboptimal TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated for performance optimization. Then the OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the power-allocation parameter has a significant effect on the OP performance.

OP Performance and Power Allocation for DF Relaying M2M Cooperative System

ABSTRACTThe outage probability (OP) performance of decode-and-forward relaying mobile-to-mobile system with transmit antenna selection (TAS) over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. The exact closed-form expressions for OP of optimal and suboptimal TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated for performance optimisation. Then the OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that optimal TAS scheme has a better OP performance than suboptimal TAS scheme, and the power-allocation parameter has an important influence on the OP performance.

Joint TAS and Power Allocation for IHDAF Relaying M2M Cooperative Networks

The outage probability (OP) performance of multiple-relay-based incremental hybrid decode-amplify-forward (IHDAF) relaying mobile-to-mobile (M2M) networks with transmit antenna selection (TAS) over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. The closed-form expressions for approximate OP of the optimal and suboptimal TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated for performance optimization. Then the OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that optimal TAS scheme has a better OP performance than suboptimal TAS scheme; the power-allocation parameter has an important influence on the OP performance.

Performance Analysis of M2M Sensor Networks

The average symbol error probability (ASEP) and outage probability (OP) performance of mobile-to-mobile (M2M) senor networks employing transmit antenna selection (TAS) and selection combining (SC) over N-Nakagami fading channels are investigated in this paper. Based on the moment generating function (MGF) approach, the exact ASEP expressions are derived for several modulation schemes. The exact closed-form OP expressions are also presented. Then, the ASEP and OP performance under different conditions are evaluated through numerical simulations to confirm the accuracy of the analysis. The simulation results show that the number of antennas, the fading coefficient, and the number of cascaded components have an important influence on the ASEP and OP performance.

Joint TAS/SC and power allocation for IAF relaying D2D cooperative networks

In this paper, the outage probability (OP) performance of multiple-relay-based incremental amplify-and-forward relaying device-to-device networks with transmit antenna selection (TAS) over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. The exact closed-form expressions for OP of the optimal and suboptimal TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated for performance optimization. Then the OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that optimal TAS scheme has a better OP performance than suboptimal TAS scheme, but the performance gap between the optimal and suboptimal schemes diminishes by increasing the number of antennas at the source; the fading coefficient, the number of cascaded components, the relative geometrical gain, the number of antennas, and the power-allocation parameter have an important influence on the OP performance.

Joint TAS and power allocation for D2D cooperative networks

The outage probability (OP) performance of transmit antenna selection (TAS) in decode-and-forward (DF) relaying device-to-device (D2D) networks over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. Exact closed-form expressions for the OP of two TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated to determine how the transmit power should be divided between the broadcast and relay phases to optimize performance. The OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulation to verify the analysis. These results show that the optimal TAS scheme provides better OP performance than the suboptimal scheme, but the performance gap is reduced as the number of antennas at the source is increased. The fading coefficient, number of cascaded components, relative geometrical gain, power allocation parameter, and number of transmit antennas are shown to have a significant influence on the OP performance.

Performance Analysis of Switched Diversity Combining System

The average symbol error probability (ASEP) and outage probability (OP) performance of the switched diversity combining (SDC) system over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. The probability density function (PDF) of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is used to derive exact and approximate ASEP expressions for phase shift keying (PSK) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Exact closed-form expressions for OP of the SDC system are also presented. The ASEP and OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulation to verify the analysis. Results are presented which show that the performance of the SDC system is improved when the number of diversity branches and the fading coefficient is increased, but is degraded as the number of cascaded components is increased.

Joint Transmit Antenna Selection and Power Allocation for ISDF Relaying Mobile-to-Mobile Sensor Networks

The outage probability (OP) performance of multiple-relay incremental-selective decode-and-forward (ISDF) relaying mobile-to-mobile (M2M) sensor networks with transmit antenna selection (TAS) over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. Exact closed-form OP expressions for both optimal and suboptimal TAS schemes are derived. The power allocation problem is formulated to determine the optimal division of transmit power between the broadcast and relay phases. The OP performance under different conditions is evaluated via numerical simulation to verify the analysis. These results show that the optimal TAS scheme has better OP performance than the suboptimal scheme. Further, the power allocation parameter has a significant influence on the OP performance.

Relay Selection in the DF Relaying M2M Cooperative Networks

The outage probability (OP) and average symbol error probability (ASEP) performance of multiple-mobile-relay-based mobile-to-mobile (M2M) networks with decode-and-forward (DF) relaying over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. The power allocation problem is formulated to determine how the overall transmit power should be shared between broadcasting and relaying phases for performance optimization. Then the OP and ASEP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results show that the fading coefficient, the number of cascaded components, the relative geometrical gain, the power-allocation parameter, and the number of mobile relays have an important influence on the OP and ASEP performance.

Performance Analysis of the Double-Antenna SDC System Over N-Nakagami Fading Channels

The performance of the double-antenna switched diversity combining (SDC) system over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated in this paper. Based on the method of the probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio, the exact expressions for the channel capacity and average symbol error probability (ASEP) are derived. Then the channel capacity and ASEP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the performance of the double-antenna SDC system is improved with the fading coefficient increased, but the level of improvement is declined as the number of cascaded components increased.

Joint TAS and power allocation for DF relaying M2M cooperative system

ABSTRACTThe outage probability (OP) performance of transmit antenna selection (TAS) in a decode-and-forward relaying mobile-to-mobile system with relay selection over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. Exact closed-form expressions for the OP of two TAS schemes are derived, and the optimal power allocation optimisation problem is formulated. The OP performance is evaluated via Monte Carlo simulation to verify the analysis. The results obtained show that the optimal TAS scheme has better performance than the suboptimal TAS scheme, but the performance gap between these techniques decreases as the number of source antennas increases.

Performance Analysis of SEC-SC System

In order to achieve the balance between implementation complexity and system performance, a new hybrid combining technique named SEC-SC is proposed in this paper, which is composed of switch-and-examine combining (SEC) and selection combining(SC).The average symbol error probability (ASEP) and outage probability (OP) of the SEC-SC system over N-Nakagami fading channels is investigated. The exact ASEP expressions are derived for several modulation schemes, including phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). The exact closed-form OP expressions are also presented. Then the ASEP and OP performance under different conditions is evaluated through numerical simulations to verify the analysis. The simulation results showed that the performance of the SEC-SC system is improved with the diversity branches and the fading coefficient increased, but the level of improvement is declined as the number of cascaded components increased.