Mythical Idea Research Articles

Turning Sour into Sweet, Darkness into Light

Abstract 9½ Mystics: The Kabbala Today by Rabbi Herbert Weiner introduced the idea of mystical search to a generation of American Jews who were turned off by traditional synagogue Judaism and unsure of how to relate to the emerging counterculture. He met with a number of mystics to find out if their life-secrets can have meaning even for those who do not share the full intensity of their experience. Weiner's search relied in large part on Gershom Scholem's idea that there was a dramatic contrast between rabbinic Judaism and Kabbalistic Judaism. Kabbalah was like an underground stream moving through the heart of Judaism, bringing with it transformative mythic ideas, providing inspiration and spiritual excitement. Weiner's book successfully popularised Scholem's theories of what Kabbalah was, as well as the mystical thought of previously unknown mystics such as Rav Kook. 9½ Mystics transformed the American Jewish religious landscape, especially in the Reform movement.

Stephen Dedalus as a Mythical Hero: Retelling Myths in Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

This paper explores the reappearance of Stephen Dedalus as a mythical hero in modern form as reflected in James Joyce’s novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man using the critical insights of myth critics. This exploration aims to reveal the universality of myth. It claims that in the novel the mythical hero, Daedalus, is revealed as Stephan Dedalus. Stephen’s journey from childhood to maturity with epiphany and transformation resembles the journey of the mythical hero. His struggles to escape from the trap of religion, family, and nationality to be an artist are similar to the struggles of the mythical hero, Daedalus. More specifically, Stephan's psychological development towards a critical understanding of his own society echoes Daedalus' skill development of making wings of feathers and wax. Similarly, Stephen’s motive for escaping to Paris reflects Daedalus’s realization of the urgency of moving to Sicily. This study uses qualitative research design and method of textual analysis to locate the resurfacing of mythical ideas in modern context. Textual data taken from the primary text are analyzed using the theoretical insights of Joseph Campbell and other myth critics, in relation to the ideas of the universality of myth and the role of hero, to explore the issue.

Mythologization of screen images of pre-revolutionary newsreels

The article is devoted to the study of screen images of prerevolutionary newsreels, which correspond not to historical reality, but to the viewer’s mythical ideas about it. The pre-revolutionary viewer saw screen reality differently compared to the modern viewer. He believed that screen images would live on the screen in the perception of viewers of future generations, but in fact, the new audience sees these images differently.

Manifestations of ancient beliefs in “The Book of Korkyt Ata”

The article specifically examines the ancient beliefs of the Oguz tribes and the mythical elements of the ancient Turkic peoples, reflected in the songs “The Book of Korkyt Ata”, and ancient plots born in connection with shamanic beliefs. In addition, the Book of Korkyt Ata tells about the worldview of the early time and the ideology of the late epoch, about the combination of shamanic consciousness and Islamic understanding, which manifests itself in a holistic and complex syncretic form. It is also said that in the motifs of the mythical melodies in the “The Book of Korkyt Ata” one can find individual samples that do not have similarities. The word about the good preservation of the beliefs of the Turkic peoples and mythical ideas about the creation of the world is touched upon. When writing the article, research papers were considered, which cited the analyses and conclusions of well known scientific thinkers. The object of the study is the fact that, although the book got into writing during the period of adoption of Islamic values, the old beliefs have not undergone much change. It is known that the heritage of Korkyt Ata is a valuable asset of culture, literature and history. In addition, some data about Korkyt are also not true, which still needs to be studied. The article says that this is one of the topics that does not lose its relevance.

문명에서 다시 신화로

This study seeks to reinterpret Takahata Isao’s Pom Poko (1994) through Nakazawa Shinichi’s ‘symmetry’ discourse. When Tokyo’s push for new town plans threatens to destroy the forest where the racoons live, the racoons struggle to stop the ruthless development. Using their unique shape-shifting skills, the racoons sabotage the humans’ construction, but they are unable to stop the new town from being built. This story is based on the mythical idea that animals can transform into various beings(including humans). This mythical idea realizes the symmetry between the natural and human worlds. However, the civilization invented by mortal humans does not allow for the symmetry. The sole ruler of the human world, the king, no longer tolerates the power of nature. The more sophisticated human civilization becomes, the less room for mythic/wild ideas. Pom Poko points out that this asymmetrical thinking has caused an ecological crisis, and calls for restoring the mythic thinking inherent in us.

ON THE QUESTION OF THE APPEARANCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN NEURAL NETWORKS

Revolutionary changes in the intellectual development of mankind are discussed. This is the emergence of a second human signaling system, awareness of the nature of the formation of cognitive abilities of the human brain and the formation of highly intelligent neural networks. The nature of the formation of the second signaling system was determined not only by an increase in the number of neurons and synapses of the cerebral cortex, but also by the emerging possibility of unprecedented interactive communication within the growing number of human communities, based on the development of speech. The painful refusal of neurophysiologists and their colleagues from religious mythical ideas about the nature of consciousness is considered. It became clear that all human intellectual abilities are provided by the work of the brain and other parts of the nervous system. This departure from mystical ideas about consciousness was influenced by the development of neural networks, programming languages, and the work of neurophysiologists together with neurosurgeons. The development of artificial neural networks was facilitated not only by the efforts of neurophysiologists and their colleagues from related fields of science, but, above all, by unprecedented technical progress in the creation of high-speed computing tools with incredible amounts of memory. Analogies of the recent revolution in the development of artificial intelligence systems and the nature of the emergence of a second signaling system in humans are discussed. The development of revolutionary trends in the process of creating multiparameter neural networks made it possible to expect that a detailed study of this process will make it possible to understand the nature of the appearance of the second signaling system in higher animals. The work shows analogies between these two phenomena. The possibilities of the neural network assessing its internal state and the ability to realize its position in the external environment, which are key characteristics of self-identity and consciousness, are discussed.

Roots in Fiction and Philology: George Eliot, Ernest Renan, and Willed Ethnonationalism

Abstract: Scholarship on George Eliot’s 1860s Condition-of-England novel Felix Holt has been divided on whether it signals the racist nativism of its decade or advocates for inclusive, willed national belonging. This paper proposes that it accomplishes both, promoting what I call “willed ethnonationalism.” A counterintuitive phrase, willed ethnonationalism captures how Eliot’s novel both defines the nation-form against race belonging and encourages modern nationals to perform racial self-identification. I argue that this stance emerged from Eliot’s engagement with Ernest Renan’s philological career. Recalling how theories of racial-linguistic inheritance influenced a zeitgeist of thinking around constructed nations (epitomized by Renan’s 1882 essay on nationalism), I show how mythic ideas about racial roots informed the ostensibly rational form of the nation-state as expressed in late nineteenth-century fiction and essayistic prose.

THE ARCHETYPE OF THE GUARDIAN MOTHER OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN TATAR PROSE

The archetype of the mother reflects the mythical ideas coming from antiquity, the conditions of social life, the philosophy and worldview of the nation. This article examines the cases of the embodiment of the mother archetype in Tatar prose as an image preserving national identity and self-identification, and for this purpose separate works of prose are considered, starting from ancient literature and up to the modern era. In Tatar-Muslim literature, a special respect for the mother has ancient roots. The awakening of national consciousness at the beginning of the 20th century increased attention to the image of the mother in Tatar realistic prose. The author of the article refers to G. Iskhaki's story «Ostazbike», G. Ibragimov's novel «Young Hearts» and shows that in pre-revolutionary literature, the integrity of the spirit and faith were placed above physical existence in the works of writers. The October Revolution destroyed the way of life of the national family: there were changes in the image of the mother woman in literature. The mother began to be portrayed not as the keeper of family values passed down from generation to generation, but as a participant in the construction of a new society, leading social activities. Having studied the works of A. Eniki «The Unspoken Testament», A. Bayanov «The Tale of the Highlands», Z. Hakim «The Song of the Mother» in the article, the author comes to the following conclusion: the archetype of the mother in most cases appears in close connection with national issues and is often used as the most important image for preserving the essence of the nation. From the image of a particular person, a woman, it grows to a national symbol. And in the relationship between mother and son, especially in the motive of the son's search for his mother and in the motive of the meeting, the search and finding of the meaning of life by a person is reflected. Consequently, the elevation of the mother's image to the status of an archetype by Tatar writers is done to strengthen national self-awareness.

Opinions of some scholars on the phraseology of folklore

In this article is disscussed the views of some scientists on folklore phraseology. Folklore is an integral part of society’s life, allowing us to identify features of people’s mentalities by explaining the mythical ideas that are their primary source. Speaking about phraseology in folklore works, linguists distinguish between the concepts of folklore phraseology and folklore phraseology as different concepts.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATİON OF MYTHİCAL AND RELİGİOUS IMAGES ABOUT THE CHARACTER OF THE ALBASTA

The history of the origin of the character "Albasty" and the reasons for the change which is mentioned in fairy tales and mythical legends of many nation would be discussed in this article. The peculiarities of speaking in the fairy tales of many peoples are emphasized and Albasty, who was born as a holy spirit, who protects a woman giving birth and young children and on the basis of later religious beliefs, deprived of holiness, turning into negative characters in the mythical concept. Among Kazakhs, “albasties” are similar to a dog or a fox, which stealthily steal the lungs of a woman in labor, but according to the ancient mythical ideas of the Karachais and Balkars living in the Caucasus, the albastas descended from the marriage of Narts and Emegens and grew up in a pack of wolves. They, like a holy spirit, protect women in labor and young children from the devil. In general, Albasties are a common character in the Caucasus, the Volga region, Central and Central Asia, the Middle East, etc. In the folklore of these peoples, "albasties" are considered the lord of evil, spreading disease and doing evil, and he acquired his negative features in later religious beliefs, becoming a negative character found in the genre of fairy tales and legends.

Sacralization of the Landscape: Survey Campaign 2020 in the Ust’-Kalmanka district of the Altai region

In the summer of 2020, the steppe detachment of the archaeological expedition of the Altai State Pedagogical University explored the territory between the Charysh and the Kalmanka rivers in the Altai Territory. The team monitored 25 mounds of previously identified individual monuments at the top of the watershed near the village of Ust’-Kalmanka. They interpreted the semantics of the burial site from the standpoint of religious and mythical ideas of the Siberian peoples about the so-called world mountain. The scientists compared the semantics of the mounds to the belt symbol. The linear structure of the barrow chain and ditches could be associated with an untied belt, which should have strengthened the mediator functions of the watershed as a sacral landscape that facilitates the rite of passage. The mound chain combined stone-mud and mud structures, probably associated with the cult practices and the multiculturalism of the people that built them. Judging by the external parameters, the mounds were built in the middle or the second half of the 1st millennium BC.

Entertaining Geophysics 6. The Study of Seismic Phenomena as the Process of Fortune-Telling on the Coffee Grounds. Is it possible for an earthquake to split our planet?

This article represents the second work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics 4. The Study of Seismic Phenomena as the Process of Fortune-Telling on the Coffee Grounds. What Does the School Curriculum Say about Earthquake Energy?

This article represents the second work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics. The Study of Seismic Phenomena as the Process of Fortune-Telling on the Coffee Grounds. The Relationship between Ice Drift and Earthquake Energy

This article is the first in a series of articles under the general title, Entertaining Geophysics whose goal is to popularize the Earth sciences. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics 2: The Study of Seismic Phenomena As the Process of Fortune-Telling on the Coffee Grounds- the Mythical Energy of Tectonic Plates

This article represents the second work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics 3: Study of Seismic Events As Fortune-Telling on Coffee Grounds- Tectonic Plate as a Pole for High Jump

This article represents the second work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics 5. The Study of Seismic Phenomena as the Process of Fortune-Telling on the Coffee Grounds. Harry Fielding Reid Made a Mistake, and Several Generations of Geophysicists Got into Trouble

This article represents the fifth work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Entertaining Geophysics 7. Study of Seismic Events as Fortune -Telling on Coffee Grounds. Earthquake Prediction Is a Feeding Ground for Charlatans and Crooks?

This article represents the second work in a series of articles under the general title Funny Geophysics, the purpose of which is to popularize the earth sciences, and this abstract will be common to the works of the entire cycle. Answering the question of why we call serious science entertaining, we answer that at the moment there are no rigorous scientific disciplines such as seismology, tectonics, volcanology, etc., that explain the process of earthquakes and other catastrophic rock movements. Instead, there are pseudo-scientific fantasies of modern geophysicists, built on mythical ideas about the structure of the earth's crust and mantle. Figuratively speaking, we can safely say that the modern reasoning of geophysicists boils down to the fact that our Earth stands on three turtles and earthquakes are the result of the movement of these animals. This situation is partly due to the fact that our knowledge of the internal structure of the Earth is limited to a depth of 12 km, and what is deeper than this mark still remains a mystery to us. And what happens at a depth of hundreds of kilometers turns out to be a secret behind seven locks for us. But an even greater mystery for mankind is the question of why modern geophysics ossified at the level of the beginning of the 20th century and operates with the knowledge of that period, in every possible way ignoring the achievements of modern sciences? Tell me what's wrong? Then why all modern geophysics is based on the speculations of Mr. Reid and his mythical elastic stresses, which supposedly arise during the deformation of rocks? We will try to answer this question, and at the same time, using simple examples of catastrophic earthquakes and other seismic events, we will show the unforgivable errors of modern geophysics.

Text-forming functionality of demonological vocabulary (based on heroic epics)

Heroic epics are an integral part of the rich folklore world of many peoples, including the Uzbek, English and Russian people. A striking example of the heroic epic of Uzbek folklore is “ Go'r o'g’li”, which is a reflection of heroism, patriotism, and friendship among the peoples. The main character of the epic “Go'r O'g’li” is the ideal of the people. According to mythical ideas, he was the son of the sun, which also includes the myth of the solar system and the resurrected nature, and proves the mythological and animistic views that existed before the Islamic period.

UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN CONFLICT IN THE DONBAS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF WESTERN HISTORIOGRAPHY: CHARACTER, ORIGINS, REASONS

Object of research: analysis of the works of modern foreign authors, which reflect the process of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in the Donbas, which cast doubt on the European security system, has complicated the lives of millions of citizens. Clarification of the reasons that led to the amorphous national identity of the population of Donbas, rejection of Western values, mythical ideas about fascists-Banderites. Disclosure of the diversity of assessments of Western historiography regarding the origins and causes of the conflict, its nature. From a critical point of view, the work of "geopolitical realists" who are trying to minimize the Kremlin’s actions in relation to Ukraine is considered. Investigated problem: to show and prove that the revival of Russian neo-imperialism, which even after 1991 considered Ukraine a vassal, became the main external factor that led to the escalation of the conflict and its actual “freezing”. The attention is focused on the reasons for the appearance of peculiar stereotypes of thinking and behavior of residents of the Donetsk basin, contrasted with the mentality of citizens of other regions, especially Western Ukraine. The cultural-historical split of Ukraine, which developed historically, could not be the cause of the armed conflict, even with the pole opposition “Lviv-Donetsk”. Therefore, the separatist sentiments that appeared in Donbas at certain times were not a mass phenomenon even in 2014 because of this, it is impossible to explain Russian aggravation of relations between the elites of Kyiv and Donbas without analyzing external interference. The state of affairs was also aggravated by both sabotage of the Donbas elites, they did not recognize the legitimacy of the new government in Kyiv after February 2014, and by the mistakes made by the central government in Kyiv. Hasty and ill-conceived, according to Western experts, was the adoption by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of a law abolishing the regional status of the Russian language. The name of the military operations from the Kyiv side as “anti-terrorist operation” was doubtful. It was changed late. Main scientific results: in fact, for the first time in the historiography of Ukraine, the latest works of Western scholars on the Ukrainian-Russian conflict have been analyzed. Conclusions are made about the inconsistency of the views of Western historians regarding the nature and causes of the conflict, the prospects for its settlement.