Myrcene Research Articles

The influence of myrcene on anionic copolymerization of 1,3-pentadiene and styrene

C5-dienes including 1,3-pentadiene (PD) and isoprene (IP) as by-products of naphtha cracking are important industrial raw materials for the production of thermoplastic elastomers, synthetic rubber and resins. The research on living anionic polymerization (LAP) of myrcene (MY) is also of great significance for the development of new bio-based materials and products. Focusing on the optimal utilization of C5 resources and the high-value utilization of biomass resources and the realization of green chemical production, this article reports the synthesizing of a novel terpolymer by LAP of PD, styrene (ST) and the biomass monomer MY. The discovery of the alternating sequence structure of ST and PD inspires us to further explore the development of copolymers containing this unique sequence structure. The special long branched side chain of MY and its low glass transition temperature are also conducive to the synthesis of new integrated rubbers. The 1H NMR tracking analysis indicates that the polymerization pattern changes from alternating sequence to gradient block sequence with the increase of MY content. Combined with FTIR analysis, the PD monomeric units are mainly trans-1,4 structure and MY monomeric units are predominant cis-1,4 structure. Considering the extremely high polymerization activity of MY compared to ST and PD, the copolymerization rate is significantly dependent on the concentration of the PD monomer. Despite this, due to the interactions between ST and PD ([ST¦PD] intermediate), ST still tends to form alternating segments with PD. The ternary copolymerization can be viewed as a “binary gradient copolymerization” of [ST¦PD] and MY (rMY > r[ST¦PD]).

Antifungal activities of some citrus essential oils against Pyricularia oryzae

Rice is a staple food worldwide because many families depend on it as an everyday source of food. However, there are some agents posing as threat to the availability of rice worldwide thereby threatening food security. Pyricularia oryzae is a fungal agent notable for causing rice blast disease thereby causing shortage in the production of rice. Essential oils (EOs) from peels (fresh and dried) of three species of citrus fruit (lime, grapefruit and tangerine) were investigated for their antifungal activity against P. oryzae. The EOs were extracted and analysed for their composition using standard analytical techniques. Their antifungal activities were also tested on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium using disc diffusion method and the results obtained were compared with standard antifungal agents. Dried tangerine EO had the highest fungal mycelial growth inhibition (90%) which was followed by fresh tangerine EO (76.2%). The compounds detected in the essential oils composed majorly hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons with limonene, beta myrcene and alpha terpineol detected in fairly high amount in all the investigated essential oils. This study, shows that the peels of these citrus fruits could be of great importance in combating the scourge of P. oryzae, reducing the occurrence of rice blast disease, enhancing rice availability as a staple food and by extension, ensuring food security. These attributes highlight the potential benefits of citrus fruit peels instead of regarding them as mere waste materials.

Polar Molecules Regulating the Regio- and Stereoselectivity of Polymerization of Conjugated Dienes Catalyzed by CGC-Type Rare-Earth Metal Catalysts.

Herein, a concise, effective, and scalable strategy is reported that the introduction of polar molecules (PMs) (e.g., anisole (PhOMe), phenetole (PhOEt), 2-methoxynaphthalene (NaphOMe), thioanisole (PhSMe), and N,N-dimethylaniline (PhNMe2)) as continuously coordinated neutral ligand of cationic active species in situ generated from the constrain-geometry-configuration-type rare-earth metal complexes A-F/AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] ternary systems can easily switch the regio- and stereoselectivity of the polymerization of conjugated dienes (CDs, including 2-subsituted CDs such as isoprene (IP) and myrcene (MY), 1,2-disubstituted CD ocimene (OC), and 1-substituted polar CD 1-(para-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-butadiene (p-MOPB)) from poor selectivities to high selectivities (for IP and MY: 3,4-selectivity up to 99%; for OC: trans-1,2-selectivity up to 93% (mm up to 90%); for p-MOPB: 3,4-syndioselectivity (3,4- up to 99%, rrrr up to 96%)). DFT calculations explain the continuous coordination roles of PMs on the regulation of the regio- and stereoselectivity of the polymerization of CDs. In comparison with the traditional strategies, this strategy by adding some common PMs is easier and more convenient, decreasing the synthetic cost and complex operation of new metal catalyst and cocatalyst. Such regio- and stereoselective regulation method by using PMs is not reported for the coordination polymerization of olefins catalyzed by rare-earth metal and early transition metal complexes.

Influence of myrcene on inflammation, matrix accumulation in the kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat.

There is only limited literature studies on the activities of inflammation and matrix accumulation in the renal tissues of rats induced with diabetes through Streptozotocin. The present the investigation involves the examination of the protective actions of Myrcene (MYN), a monoterpene on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and matrix accumulation. For this purpose an experimental setup was created which involves injecting MYN 50 mg/kg for about 45 days in the STZ diabetic rats. Modifications in the enzymes, collagens, growth factor B1 and Kappa factor P65 were identified and tracked. The levels of the inflammatory markers like TF-α1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MCP-1 were tracked and noted. The current experimental results showed an alteration in the glucose metabolism and enhanced condition. Also an increased level of TGF-β-1 and Nuclear factor-kB expression was seen in the renal tissues. MYN was found to reduce glucose oxidative stress and exhibit an anti-inflammatory effect via inhibiting NF-kB signalling. The conclusion of the current study reveals that MYN regulates the inflammatory activities and matrix accumulation by inhibiting the activities of inflammatory cytokine, pro-inflammatory signalling.

Compositional Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Paspangiri - A Mixture of Leaves of Five Rutaceae Plants Used as an Effective Remedy for Respiratory System Microbial Infections in Traditional Systems of Medicine

Steaming with aromatic poly herbal formulations has been practiced as an effective treatment for curing or controlling infectious diseases, deterring of pest species, destroying of unwanted microbial contaminations by several cultures. Steaming of Pasppangiri, a mixture of leaves of five species (Citrus aurantium Linn, Citrus aurantifolia (Christm. & Panzer) Swingle, Citrus sinensis Linn, Atlantia ceylanica (Am.) Oliver, Citrus reticulata Blanco) has been used for an effective treatment for curing of microbial infected, respiratory system related diseases. However, information on volatile compounds, compositional analysis of Paspangiri is lacking or scattered. Leaves of five citrus species were collected from previously authenticated plants grown in same soil and climatic conditions. Essential oil was separated by hydro distillation method. The chemical composition of the essential oil of Paspangiri was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results revealed that the number of compounds observed in each species were varied as Citrus sinensis (27)>aurantium (25) >Citrus reticulata (20)>Citrus aurantifolia (19)>Atlantia ceylanica (5) respectively. The major bioactive molecules identified in essential oils of Paspangiri such as linalool, limonene, caryophyllene, eugenol, z-citral, ∞- pinene, sabinene, and myrcene, either singularly or as a mixture have been exhibited antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the present study, partially validate the traditional claims of inhaling of Paspangiri steam for prevention or curing of infectious disease.

Myrcene exerts anti-asthmatic activity in neonatal rats via modulating the matrix remodeling.

Myrcene (MC), an organic hydrocarbon, was found to exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimutagenic and antioxidant properties. However, the protective role of MC has not been reported against neonatal asthma. Wistar rats induced with asthma were administered with MC; while asthma control and vehicle control were maintained without MC administration. At the end of the experimental period, lung histology, inflammatory cell counts, cytokine analysis, matrix protein expressions were elucidated. Rats administered with MC exerted significant (P < 0.05) defense in protecting the lung tissue with the evidenced restoration of alveolar thickening of the lung tissues. Also, the present study elicited the anti-asthmatic activity of MC, especially via modulating the extracellular matrix protein expression in the asthma-induced animals, while a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the fibrotic markers were found in MC treated animals. Moreover, the protective effect of MC was evidenced with reduced leukocyte infiltration in BALF, hypersensitive specific IgE levels with a profound decrease in the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-18, and IL-21 in MC administered animals compared to the asthma-induced group. To an extent, the markers of asthmatic inflammation such as CD14, MCP-1, and TARC were also found to be attenuated in MC exposed animals. The possible application of MC is a promising drug for the treatment of asthma-mediated complications.

Photocross‐linked polymers based on plant‐derived monomers for potential application in optical 3D printing

ABSTRACTPhotocross linking of the resins composed of plant‐derived monomers, acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), myrcene (MYR) and vanillin dimethacrylate (VDM) or divinylbenzene (DVB, for comparison), was performed using 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone as photoinitiator. Photocross‐linking rate and properties of the crosslinked polymers depended on the resin compositions. The higher amount of MYR caused not only the better homogenization and lower viscosity of the resin but also the reduction of polymerization rate and the worse mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting polymers. The higher amount of aromatic component (VDM or DVB) improved mechanical and thermal properties of polymers. Moreover, the use of VDM instead of DVB in the system led to the higher photocross‐linking rate and higher yield of insoluble fraction. The resin composed of only plant‐derived monomers AESO/MYR/VDM, molar ratio 1:1:3, showed characteristics comparable to those of commercial petroleum‐derived photoresins and was selected as a potential renewable photoresin for application in optical 3D printing. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48708.

Kinetics of the anionic homopolymerizations of ß–myrcene and 4–methylstyrene in cyclohexane initiated by n–butyllithium

ABSTRACTThe kinetics of isothermal anionic homopolymerization of ß–myrcene (MYR) and 4–methylstyrene (4MS) in cyclohexane, initiated by n–butyllithium was studied at different temperatures (55, 63, and 71 ° C). The kinetic information obtained from the homopolymerizations was used to estimate the parameters of the Eyring equation, ΔH‡= 84080 J/mol and ΔS‡= −21.9 J/mol·K for the MYR, and ΔH‡= 51250 J/mol and ΔS‡= −116.8 J/mol·K for the 4MS, to calculate the apparent propagation coefficients as a function of temperature. Finally, the parameters obtained for the Eyring equation were validated by applying them in a mathematical model representing the kinetics of nonisothermal (quasi‐adiabatic) polymerization experiments of MYR and 4MS. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2157–2165

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTED FROM SCHINUS MOLLE OF ALGERIA

The work in hand was aimed mainly to highlight the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy of the essential oils and the hydrolate of the aromatic plant Schinus molle. The findings confirmed that both extracts of the studied species involve important biological actions on the tested pathogenic germs. The essential oil resulted from hydro-distillation has undergone GC/MS technique analysis. 28 components were detected representing 99.98% of the total oil. The foremost components are: 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9-hexahydro-2-methoxy-3-methyl-6-6-diispropylnaphthalene 16.03%, β-phelandrene 13.17%, α-phelandrene 12.83%, δ - cadiene 6.48%, camphene 6.04%, β-myrcene 5.20%, α-pinene 5.10%, Elemol 4.74%, α-cadinol 4.09% presenting 73.68% of the total oil. The good miscibility of the essential oil shows the opportunity to use it in cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations.

Cis‐1,4‐specific carbocationic polymerization and copolymerization of 1,3‐dienes initiated by (S,S)‐bis(oxazolinylphenyl)amine chromium complexes

ABSTRACTTwo new chiral (S,S)‐bis(oxazolinylphenyl)amine chromium dichloride complexes have been synthesized and structurally characterized. In combination with 2 equiv. of borate and an excess of AlR3, such Cr complexes serve as effective cationic initiators in the stereoregular carbocationic polymerization of 1,3‐dienes such as isoprene (IP) and myrcene (MY), affording cyclized cis‐1,4‐PIPs/PMys (cis‐1,4‐selectivity up to 96%) with cyclic sequence contents ranging from 26% to 87%. Moreover, these Cr initiator systems also exhibit an unprecedented control over sequence distribution of comonomers in the carbocationic copolymerization of IP and MY, preparing novel copolymers with different microstructures from mainly cyclized cis‐1,4‐specific statistical copolymers to cyclic olefin copolymers. The nature of Cr complex, borate, AlR3, temperature, molar ratio of comonomers has considerable effect on the (co)polymer's yield, stereoselectivity, cyclization, and comonomer sequence distribution. A plausible mechanism is suggested, which gives a new strategy for biomimetic synthesis of natural rubber. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 55, 1250–1259

樟脑型樟叶油成分分析

本文针对实验室用挥发油提取器提取樟脑型樟叶油出现的析脑现象，采用真空抽滤进行初步分离，利用GC-MS联用仪和GC对获得的晶体及脱脑油进行了定性和定量分析。实验结果表明，真空抽滤是纯化樟脑型樟叶油的方法之一，得到的樟脑含量为94.671%；脱脑油中单萜类和倍半单萜类物质分别占88.597%，10.554%，含量大于2%的主要成分为樟脑(50.864%)，D-苧烯(12.490%)，α-蒎烯(3.458%)，β-月桂烯(4.199%)，4-松油醇(2.260%)，α-松油醇(3.915%)，石竹烯(3.973%)，葎草烯(3.036%)等，可通过分馏对其加以利用。 The camphor crystals separate out when the essential oil is extracted with volatile oil extractor from the camphor tree leaves of camphor type. In view of this phenomenon, the camphor crystals and the oil layer were separated preliminarily by vacuum filtration and their chemical composi-tions were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC-MS and GC. The results showed that the vacuum filtration was one of the ways for purifying the camphor oil of camphor type. After the es-sential oil was separated, the content of camphor reached to 94.671%. In the oil layer, the content of single terpenoids and half the terpenoids substances is 88.597% and 10.554% respectively, and the contents of camphor (50.864%), D-limonene (12.490%), alpha pinene (3.458%), beta myrcene (4.199%), 4-terpineol (2.260%), alpha terpineol (3.915%), caryophyllene (3.973%) and humulene (3.036%) are more than 2%. These main chemical compositions can be used by fractionation.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Mentha viridis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

The study was aimed to investigate essential oil chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from leaves of Mentha viridis. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), to determine the chemical composition of the volatile fraction and identify their chemo-types. The essential oil of M. viridis leaves were tested against four standard bacterial species: two Gram-positive bacteria viz, Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), two Gram-negative bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and fungal strains viz, Candida albicans (ATCC 7596) using the agar plate diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed that M. viridis was constituted by D-Carvone (64.63%) as a major component followed by D-Limonene (12.27%), (-)-8-p-Menthen- 2-yl, acetate, trans (2.59%), Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl - 5- (1-methylethenyl) (2.36%), Eucalyptol (2.28%), 3-Hexadecyne (1.82%), Caryophyllene (1.72%), Beta–myrcene (1.43%), Trans-Carveyl acetate (1.37%), (-). Beta-Bourbonene (1.08%), and other traces compounds. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of M. viridis dissolved in methanol (1:10), showed high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli & P. aeruginosa) (17 & 16 mm). It also showed against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis & S. aureus) (16 & 15 mm) and against (C. albicans) (16 mm). This study conducted for essential oil of M. viridis leaves proved to have potent activities against antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Rapid Determination of Volatile Compounds of Satureja hortensis by Using the HSSPME-GC-MS Method

The volatile fractions were obtained from the fresh aerial parts of Satureja hortensis using head space solid phase micro extractiongas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method and were immediately analyzed by means of GC and GC/ MS instruments. Eleven compounds were identified in the samples analyzed, representing 100% of the total composition. In terms of general categories,monoterpene hydrocarbons dominated the chemical profile (99.5%) with γ-terpinene (46.0%), p-cymene (11.8%), α-terpinene (11.1%), α-pinene (10.4%) and α-thujene (6.8%) as the main constituent components. The other constituents were found to be myrcene (5.2%), β-pinene (3.9%), o-cymene (2.6%), α-phellandrene (1.1%), camphene (0.6%) and thymol (0.5%). Accordingly, only 0.5% of the profile included oxygenated monoterpenes.

Application of a Taylor-Couette Reactor in Homogeneous Catalysis

New developments of synthesis routes in homogeneous catalysis often require a precise control of the reaction conditions in order to achieve optimal results. A precise control of the flow- and reactor behaviour can improve the performance of a catalytic system, e.g. by suppressing side- and consecutive reactions. The Taylor-Couette reactor (TCR) allows a precise control of the flow conditions combining the benefits of continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) and plug-flow reactors (PFR). A ribbed Taylor Couette reactor for the application in homogeneous catalysis was developed and tested in the continuous hydroamination of the renewable β-myrcene in miniplant-scale. The application of the atom-efficient hydroamination to terpenes allows the continuous production of terpenyl amines based on renewable resources. Catalyst recycling of the homogeneous transition metal catalyst was achieved by means of Thermomorphic Multicomponent Solvent (TMS)-systems. TMS-systems enable the realisation of the reaction under homogeneous conditions at elevated temperatures, but also allow a biphasic phase separation after the reaction. This way the homogeneous catalyst can be separated from the product phase and used again. Yields of the desired terpenyl amines of up to 87 % could be generated in a homogeneous toluene solution on a laboratory scale. The application of the TMS-system acetonitrile/n-heptane yielded 86 %, the TMS-system N,N-dimethylformamide/n-heptane generated 45 % of the desired hydroamination products. Both systems were then transferred into a continuously operated miniplant and realised using a Taylor-Couette reactor. The reactor performance was then validated and compared to the laboratory batch experiments. In the continuous miniplant experiments, the Taylor-Couette reactor could reproduce and even surpass the results of the batch experiments.

The Essential Oil of 'bhang' ( Cannabis sativa L.) for Non-Narcotic Applications

Cannabis sativa L. (family Cannabaceae) is a medicinal and aromatic plant growing all over the world. The present study aims to investigate the essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of C. sativa from the foothills of northern India. The hydrodistilled essential oil of C. sativa was studied by capillary gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated against nine pathogenic bacterial strains using disc diffusion assay. A total of 57 constituents representing 90.5-93.1% of the total oil compositions were identified. Major constituents of the essential oil were (E)-caryophyllene (19.6-26.1%), limonene (4.1-15.8%), caryophyllene oxide (2.0-10.7%), (E)- β -farnesene (4.8-8.5%), α -humulene (5.4-7.8%), β -pinene (0.7-7.7%), myrcene (0.8-6.0%), terpinolene (0.2-6.0%) and β -selinene (1.8-5.4%). The oil showed moderate to good activity against most of the tested Gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC2940), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC96) and Streptococcus mutans ). The oil also showed moderate activity against a Gram-negative bacterium, Salmonella typhimurium . The chemical composition of the examined C. sativa essential oil was quite different from earlier reported compositions. The oil possessed moderate to good activity against most of the tested bacterial strains.

Comparative analysis of volatile constituents in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton (RCH 2 Bt) and non-Bt cotton by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

The differences in composition and concentrations of volatile allelochemicals between transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton and non Bt cotton leaves were compared and analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The dominant compounds present in both non Bt and Bt cotton leaves were α-caryophyllene (4.62, 1.42), β-myrcene (3.67, 3.68), β-carene (0.31, 0.80), benzene acetaldehyde (0.88, 0.48), heptanoic acid (2.0, 0.67), 1-methoxy, 2-methyl benzene (0.67, 0.30) and acetic acid, phenyl methyl ester (4.32, 2.48). The differences in main components and ratios of volatile allelochemics between Bt cotton and non Bt cotton suggested that, the expression of Bt toxin protein in cotton was found to have an impact on their volatile profiles.

The effects of rootstock on the volatile flavor components of page mandarin (( Citrus reticulata var dancy × Citrus paradisi var dancan) × Citrus clemantina ) flower and leaf

The effects of rootstock on the volatile flavor components of page mandarin flower and leaf were investigated in this study. Flower flavor components were extracted by using ultrasound(US) water bath apparatus and eluted by n-pentane: diethylether(1:2) solvent and then analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Leaf flavor components were extracted by using water distillation method and eluted by using n-hexane solvent and then analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Fifty-two flower components and, sixty-nine leaf components including: aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and other components were identified and quantified. The major flavor components were linalool, limonene, ocimene, -pinene, sabinene and myrcene. The flower and leaf oil from plants grown on Swingle Citrumelo and Yuzu showed the highest content of aldehydes. Since the aldehyde content of citrus oil is considered one of the more important indicators of high quality, rootstock apparently has a profound influence on Page mandarin flower and leaf oil quality. Key words: Page mandarin flower, page mandarin leaf, flavor components, rootstock, ultrasound, water-distillation

Qualitative and quantitative study on essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. cultivated in north of Iran

In order to qualitative and quantitative study on essential oil, obtained from leaf and peel of Citrus aurantium L. cultivated in North of Iran (Sari city) the leaves and fruits were gathered on April and November 2002, respectivelly. Clevenger apparatus was used for hydro-distillation extraction in order to provide the oil of leaf and peel of Citrus aurantium L. The outputs of each essential oil were calculated as 0.19% and 1.93%, respectivelly. Analysis and identification of the oil's components carried out by GC and GC/MS and identification was done by comparison of their mass spectra with those of authentic samples together with the relative indices. Fourteen components representing 99% of the leaf oil of Citrus aurantium L. were identified and among them, linalool (39%), linalyl acetate (39%) and alpha-terpineol (7%) were the major ones. Twenty compounds representing 99% of the peel oil of Citrus aurantium L. were identified and among them limonene (91%), beta-Myrcene (3%) and linalool (1%) were the major compounds. In comparison with industrial standards on orange oil preparation that is base on limonene, the cultivated Citrus aurantium L. peel in North of Iran with 91% limonene, is considerable suitable for industrial purposes.

Essential Oil Constituents of Echinophora platyloba DC.

The hydrodistilled oil of the aerial parts of Echiophora platyloba DC. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Ten components have been identified, of which the major constituents were found to be trans-β-ocimene (67.9%), 2-furanone (6.2%), myrcene (6.0%), linalool (3.1%), and cis-β- ocimene (2.3%). Keyword: Echinophora platyloba; Umbelliferae; Essential oil composition; Trans-β- ocimene.

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the essential oils of Thymbra spicata var. intricata.

In this study, T. spicata var. intricata, endemic to Turkey, were collected from various localities of Mugla, Turkey. The essential oils were obtained using the hydrodistillation method. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oils on micro-organisms, including multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria, were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils were effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which included multiple antibiotic resistant strains. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Pseudomonas fluorescens MU 87 were resistant to these oils. The essential oils were very effective against Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils showed some variations depending on the localities from which they were collected. A total 24 components were identified in the essential oil. The main components were characterized as carvacrol (75.74%), γ-terpinene (9.28%), p-cymene (7.17%), myrcene (1.39%), β-caryophyllene (1.13%) and thymol (0.15%), respectively. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, chemical composition, Thymbra spicata var. intricata