Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome Research Articles

Targeted Drug Designing for Treating Masticatory Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: An In Silico Simulation Study.

Background Masticatory Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MMPDS) is a musculoligamentous disorder that shares similarities with temporomandibular joint pain and odontogenic pain. It manifests as dull or aching pain in masticatory muscles, influenced by jaw movement. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) encompasses various theoretical and computational approaches used in modern drug discovery. Molecular docking is a prominent method in CADD that facilitates the understanding of drug-bimolecular interactions for rational drug design, mechanistic studies & the formation of stable complexes with increased specificity and potential efficacy. The docking technique provides valuable insights into binding energy, free energy, and complex stability predictions. Aim The aim of this study was to use the docking technique for myosin inhibitors. Materials and methods Four inhibitors of myosin were chosen from the literature. These compound structures were retrieved from the Zinc15 database. Myosin protein was chosen as the target and was optimized using the RCSB Protein Data Bank. After pharmacophore modeling, 20 novel compounds were found and the SwissDock was used to dock them with the target protein. We compared the binding energies of the newly discovered compounds to those of the previously published molecules with the target. Results The results indicated that among the 20 molecules ZINC035924607 and ZINC5110352 exhibited the highest binding energy and displayed superior properties compared to the other molecules. Conclusion The study concluded that ZINC035924607 and ZINC5110352 exhibited greater binding affinity than the reported inhibitors of myosin. Therefore, these two molecules can be used as a potential and promisingleadfor the treatment of MMPDSand could be employed in targeted drug therapy.

Digital and Clinical evaluation of temporomandibular disorders in full dentition and free end extension patients.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Which are a subgroup of craniofacial pain disorders involving chronic pain, dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles and associated musculoskeletal structures of the head and neck. Pain is one of the most frequent clinical features for these TMD in addition to the clicking, limitation of mouth opening and deviation. This study aimed to evaluate Digital evaluation of the occlusal instability parameters (Disclusion Time, Occlusion Time, trajectory of force Index and Occlusal Interferences). Method: the study including 180 patients with free end extension and full dentition (kennedy classification class I and II) their age was between (20-50) years old .they had either disc displacement or myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome according to shiffman criteria.and also examined by digital T scan. Result: the result showed significant pain difference between free end extension and full dentition patients. Conclusion: The trajectory of force distribution is highly variable between the two major groups, the full dentition exhibit more posterior force while The free end patients tend to establish more anterior force which lead to a series of temporomandibular disorders.

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Management of Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome. Comparative Controlled Clinical Trial

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Management of Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome. Comparative Controlled Clinical Trial

Photobiomodulation therapy: an exemplary therapeutic approach to myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome—a randomized controlled trial and review of the literature

Photobiomodulation therapy: an exemplary therapeutic approach to myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome—a randomized controlled trial and review of the literature

Comparative Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Acupuncture and Cupping for Treatment of Patients with Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: A Double-blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial: Comparison of the Effects of LLL Acupuncture and Cupping.

Background: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is among the most common causes of facial pain. This study compared the efficacy of low-level laser (LLL) acupuncture and cupping for the treatment of MPDS. Materials and Methods: This double-blind, before-after, randomized clinical trial evaluated 60 MPDS patients that were divided into two groups for LLL acupuncture (808 nm, 0.5 W, 30 J, 4 J/cm2 energy density, 60 seconds; group 1), and cupping (group 2) of masticatory muscle trigger points. Both treatments were performed for maximally eight sessions once every other day. The level of pain at the trigger points was measured upon admission, before and 5 minutes after treatment in each session, at ten days, and two months after treatment completion by a visual analog scale (VAS). The painless maximum mouth opening (MMO) and patient satisfaction with treatment were also assessed at the time as mentioned earlier points. Results: Averagely, 4.5 treatment sessions were required to achieve a 50% reduction in VAS pain score, with no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.9). Both treatments significantly decreased the number of trigger points and pain score, but this reduction occurred significantly sooner in the cupping group (P=0.01). MMO significantly improved in both groups after treatment with no significant difference between them (P=0.2). Patients were significantly more satisfied with LLL acupuncture (P=0.05). Conclusion: Both cupping and LLL acupuncture are equally effective for MPDS; thus, the patient can choose the type of treatment after receiving sufficient information regarding the two modalities.

Role of physiotherapy in M.P.D.S: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: To analyze the methodologic quality, summarize the findings, and perform a meta-analysis of the results from randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of physiotherapy management of Myofascial Pain Dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). Methodology: A literature review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Science Direct. Each article was independently assessed by two investigators using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A meta-analysis was conducted to obtain summary estimates of the standardized mean differences (SMD) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Between-study heterogeneity was computed and publication bias was assessed. Results : Seven articles met the inclusion criteria and were used in the analysis, corresponding to nine estimates of SMD. The meta-analysis showed that for pain reduction, the summary SMD favored physiotherapy (SMD = −0.63; 95% CI: −0.95 to −0.31; number of studies = 8; I2 = 0.0%), while for active range of movement (ROM) the differences between the intervention and control groups were not statistically significant (SMD = 0.33; 95% CI: −0.07 to 0.72; number of studies = 9; I2 = 61.9%). Conclusion: Physiotherapy seems to lead to decreased pain and may improve active muscle movement.

The efficacy of low-level diode laser versus laser acupuncture for the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS).

BackgroundMyofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is the most common type of temporomandibular disorder. This study compared the efficacies of low-level diode laser therapy (LLLT) and laser acupuncture therapy (LAT) in the treatment of MPDS.MethodsThis double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial included 24 patients with MPDS who were randomly divided into two equally sized groups. Patients in the LLLT group received 12 sessions of low-level diode laser irradiation applied to the trigger points of the masticatory muscles during 1 month. The same protocol was also used in the LAT group according to the specific trigger points. We measured pain intensity and maximum mouth opening in both groups at baseline, during treatment, and 2 months after treatment completion.ResultsThe pain intensities decreased from 6.58 ± 1.31 to 0.33 ± 0.65 and from 7.08 ± 1.37 to 0 in the LLLT and LAT groups, respectively. The maximum mouth openings increased from 32.25 ± 8.78 mm to 42.58 ± 4.75 mm and from 33 ± 6.57 mm to 45.67 ± 3.86 mm in the LLLT and LAT groups, respectively. Pain intensity (P = 0.839) and level of maximum mouth opening (P = 0.790) did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionOur results showed similar efficacy between LLLT and LAT in the treatment of MPDS signs and symptoms.

Comparative evaluation of efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound and phonophoresis in myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome

Introduction: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is a common presenting condition in the dental office. No specific therapy has proven its superiority over the other in managing myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. Since phonophoresis was beneficial for other musculoskeletal medical conditions, the same strategy was adopted to prove its efficacy in MPDS. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound (ThUS) and diclofenac and thiocolchicoside gel phonophoresis in MPDS. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with MPDS were randomly assigned into two groups. Group 1 (n = 15), therapeutic ultrasound was applied with ultrasound gel without any therapeutic ingredient for 10 min and five sessions. Group 2 (n = 15), ultrasound was applied with ultrasound gel with diclofenac and thiocolchicoside gel for 10 minutes and five sessions. Pain and mouth opening was taken as evaluation parameters. Result: A comparison of results obtained from the two groups before and after treatment at the end of each session shows significant improvement in both the parameters. However, in Group 2 more improvement in all outcome variables can be seen compared with group 1. Conclusion: Phonophoresis with diclofenac and thiocolchicoside (analgesic and muscle relaxant) proved to be an excellent treatment in MPDS. They proved more effective than therapeutic ultrasound in controlling pain and improving mouth opening.

Oral Psychosomatic Disorders in Family Caregivers of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Objective: To investigate the oral psychosomatic disorders (PSDs) in family caregivers (FCs) of oral cancer (OC) patients and to evaluate the correlation between these oral PSDs to severity of depression anxiety and stress. Methods:A total of 50 participants were included each in first degree relative (FDR), second degree relative (SDR) and control group. All the participants completed DASS-21 questionnaire and were subjected to thorough clinical history and oral examination. Results:All the FCs reported statistically significant higher mean levels of depression, anxiety and stress compared to controls (p˂0.001). A significantly greater number of FCs (40.00%) reported oral PSDs than control group (12.00%). Most prevalent oral PSD in FCs was aphthous stomatitis followed by oral lichen planus, bruxism, burning mouth syndrome and myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. Moreover, there was a preponderance of these diseases in FDR (60.86%) compared to SDR (26.08%). FCs with moderate to very severe depression, anxiety and stress showed higher prevalence of these oral PSDs compared to the ones with mild depression, anxiety and stress. Conclusion:The observations of higher prevalence of oral PSDs in FCs with psychological alterations can enhance healthcare professionals’ awareness to better understand FCs’ oral healthcare needs.

Comparing the Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy with Ibuprofen in Improving Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome

Introduction Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) can be a consequence of conditions such as temporomandibular disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of diode laser and ibuprofen to reduce pain and inflammation in patients with MPDS. Methods and materials: In this study, 40 patients with MPDS were randomly divided into two groups. One group received ibuprofen 500 mg two times a day for 3 weeks and had placebo laser sessions. The other group received active laser (diode 810 nm CW) as treatment factor and placebo drug. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale and maximum painless mouth opening was also measured as a functional index every session and in a 2-month follow-up. Data were collected and analyzed using independent t test and analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results Low-level laser group showed a significant reduction in pain and a significant increase in mouth opening. In ibuprofen group, neither pain intensity nor maximum mouth opening had significant improvement. Conclusion Treatment with low-level laser improved mouth opening and pain intensity significantly in patients with MPDS. Therefore, low-level laser can be a good treatment modality for these patients.

Efficacy of different treatment methods in patients with myofascial pain syndrome

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and occlusal splint therapy (OST) are treatment methods for myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPS). This study evaluates the effect of PBMT and OST on pain relief and mandibular function improvement in patients with MPS. A retrospective study was conducted with the patients (35 women; age range, 18–60 years), who were treated at the Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, between 2017 and 2018. The patients were diagnosed with MPS and treated with PBMT (940 nm) or OST. Pain intensity and mandibular function were evaluated at the beginning of the treatments (t0), as well as 1 month (t1) and 2 months (t2) after the beginning of the treatments. Mandibular function improved significantly in both the PBMT (t0–t2 = − 2.15 ± 2.23, p = 0.007) and OST groups (t0–t2 = − 2.46 ± 2.18, p = 0.005). Pain intensity values also decreased significantly over time in both the PBMT (t0–t2 = 4.15 ± 2.30, p = 0.002) and OST (t0–t2 = 4.62 ± 1.39, p = 0.001) groups. The tested types of PBMT and OST are effective for pain relief and mandibular function improvement in MPS. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04257903

Comparing the Anxiety Level between Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome Patients and Others

Comparing the Anxiety Level between Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome Patients and Others

Bio Electro Magnetic Energy Regulation (BEMER) therapy in myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome: A preliminary study

BackgroundMyofacial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is of the commonest form of orofacial pain encountered in the clinics. Though, many therapies have been suggested in the recent past, still the management of this condition remains a therapeutic problem. The search for newer, relatively safe and effective long term approach lead to the use of magnetic stimulation in pain modulation. Bio Electro Magnetic Energy Regulation is one such modality that has been studied in the musculoskeletal disorders. However, no studies in this regard have been explored in orofacial region. ObjectivesThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of BEMER therapy as an adjuvant to relieve pain in myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. Materials and methodsThe present randomized comparative study was on 40 patients who were diagnosed with Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome(MPDS). They were grouped into two groups of 20 each. Group 1 patients were administered analgesic + muscle relaxants & Group 2 was receiving both analgesic + muscle relaxants with BEMER therapy. All the patients were evaluated for pain relief on visual analog scale (VAS) and the mouth opening (MO)was measured using digital vernier callipers. ResultsThe group 2 showed a significant improvement in the symptoms even after 2 months follow up. In group 2 the mean mouth opening was 45.60 ± 3.648(P < 0.05) and 45.50 ± 3.663(P < 0.05); the Mean VAS Score was 3.10 ± 0.912 and 2.90 ± 0.968(P < 0.05) after one month and after two months respectively. The independent t-test, was used for inferential statistics. ConclusionIt can be concluded from this study that Combined therapy proved to be more effective in providing long term symptomatic relief compared to conventional pharmacological therapy. BEMER as an adjuvant therapeutic modality proved to be beneficial in the management of MPDS.

Correlation between Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome and Cervical Pain: A Review

Correlation between Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome and Cervical Pain: A Review

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser, Hard Occlusal Appliance and Conventional Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome; A Preliminary Study.

Introduction: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is a common temporomandibular joint disorder. Due to its multifactorial etiology, treatment usually involves more than one modality to obtain complementary results. The purpose of this study was to compare the combined effect of a low-level laser, a hard occlusal appliance, and conventional pharmacotherapy with pharmacotherapy only in the management of patients with MPDS. Methods: In this study, 15 patients with MPDS were diagnosed and randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=5). Subjects in Group 1 were treated with pharmacotherapy (PT); Group 2 received the diode laser (940 nm gallium arsenide) every other day for a total of 10 sessions, plus pharmacotherapy (PTL) and Group 3 were given hard occlusal splint 12 h/day for 4 weeks, plus pharmacotherapy (PTO). The intensity of pain was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) prior to the treatment, 2 and 4 weeks after the onset of treatment and 2 weeks later. The maximum painless mouth opening and pain intensity at muscle palpation were also recorded. Comparisons were made between the groups via repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05). Results: Pain relief in the subjective VAS was observed in both laser and appliance groups in the third and fourth examination sessions (P<0.05). No statistically significant reduction in pain was noted using pharmacotherapy only. The maximum painless mouth opening and muscle tenderness were not significantly different between the 3 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both the laser and the occlusal appliance combined with pharmacotherapy proved to be effective for pain reduction in patients with MPDS. All groups, however, failed to result in a significant improvement in the maximum mouth opening or tenderness in masticatory muscles.

Laser therapy for myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome

Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) has been a very prevalent disorder with an enigmatic etiology and even difficult treatment protocol. Patients suffering from MPDS are difficult to diagnose and require exclusion of various symptoms and signs to formulate a treatment plan. In recent years, low-level laser therapy has been advocated as an effective way to counter and alleviate the resulting pain caused due to MPDS. This article is a case report on a successful reduction of pain in a patient diagnosed with the same.

Low-level laser therapy vs local anesthetic injection with muscle relaxant splint as a combination therapy for myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome a clinical study

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of low-level laser therapy vs injection of long acting anesthetic drug as an adjunctive treatment in combination with muscle relaxant splint in treating patients suffering from myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). Patients and methods A total of 36 MPDS female patients represented the candidates of the present study. They were all treated with muscle relaxant splint then randomly divided into three equal groups; group 1 was treated solely with occlusal splints; group 2 was treated with long acting anesthetic injection of both the masseter and temporalis muscles bilaterally in combination with the splint therapy, while group 3 was treated with low-level laser therapy in combination with the splint therapy. Results All patients completed the study period with improvement in their visual analog scale, mouth opening and electromyography. Group 3 showed statistical significant improvement in all measures compared to group 1 and group 2. Conclusion All the utilized treatment modalities aided in reliving the signs and symptoms of the MPD patients and improved their mouth opening and muscle activity. Utilizing low-level laser therapy in combination with splint therapy was found to be the best adjunctive treatment modality, compared to the injection of long acting anesthetic agent and splint therapy.

A Comparative Study of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation as an Adjunct to Pharmaceutical Therapy for Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is the most common form of temporomandibular disorders. Because of the multifactorial nature of the problem, its management usually involves several treatment modalities to maximize their synergistic effects. This randomized clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as an adjunct to pharmaceutical therapy for treatment of MPDS.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: This clinical trial evaluated 108 MPDS patients. First, the initial pain intensity of patients was determined using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The first phase of the study included education, awareness, self-care, behavior and relaxation therapy. After 1 month, the pain score was measured again using VAS. Patients who acquired a pain score &gt;1 were divided into three groups of LLLT with diode (GAAlAr) laser with 0.2 W power, TENS, and control, using block randomization. All groups received 10 mg fluoxetine once daily, 0.25 mg clonazepam once daily and 10 mg baclofen three times a day. ANOVA was used to compare the recovery rate of the three groups.&#x0D; Results: Pain in the trapezius muscle and pain on mouth opening resolved faster in the laser + medication group. The recovery rate was faster in the mean muscle pain, general pain reported by patients, pain in the masseter and pterygoid muscles and pain and limitation in lateral movements in both laser + medication and TENS groups.&#x0D; Conclusion: Combination of LLLT and TENS with medication accelerated pain relief and resolved movement restrictions in MPDS patients.&#x0D; (IRCT registration number: IRCT201411113144N4)

Self-Care Management in Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome

Laskin introduced the term Myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) and reemphasized that the disease entity is primarily in the muscles and only secondarily a joint problem. It is one of the commonest causes of chronic pain in oro-facial region.

ROLE OF PHARMACOTHERAPY AS DIAGNOSTIC THERAPEUTIC TEST IN MANAGEMENT OF PERSISTENCE OF PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH MYOFASCIAL PAIN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ELONGATED STYLOID PROCESS.

01Jan 2019 ROLE OF PHARMACOTHERAPY AS DIAGNOSTIC THERAPEUTIC TEST IN MANAGEMENT OF PERSISTENCE OF PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH MYOFASCIAL PAIN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ELONGATED STYLOID PROCESS. Abeer Kamal and Nesrine khairy. Associate Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College Of Oral and Dental Surgery, Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt. Lecturer of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.