Myiasis In Patients Research Articles

Myiasis in Patients after Surgery, Brachytherapy, and Exenteration of the Orbit Due to Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Massive infiltration of the orbital tissues by dipterous fly larvae (ophthalmomyiasis) occurs throughout the world but is very rare in middle Europe countries. We report a patient with periocular basal cell carcinoma treated by surgical excisions, due to relapses followed by a high dose rate of HDR Ir192 brachytherapy which led to the necessity of orbital exenteration. The patient after many surgical operations and radiotherapy for recurrent periocular basal cell carcinoma through the years. Since 2021 the patient has not attended doctors during the COVID pandemic period. Due to socioeconomic problems, the patient continued in 2023 with infiltration of the orbital cavity and paranasal sinuses with myiasis. Exenteration of the orbit can be necessary after a relapsed infiltrative type of basal cell carcinoma infiltrating also periorbital cavities. Fly maggots may have had beneficial but also destructive effects on the exenterated cavity healing process.

Cutaneous myiasis in skin cancer and malignant wounds: a systematic review.

Cutaneous myiasis in patients with malignant wounds or skin cancer is a rare and undesirable event with limited epidemiological data. A subregister of reports, lack of education in the population, inadequate empirical treatments, and medical underestimation are components of a public health problem that threatens patients' lives. We conducted a systematic review of the literature of cutaneous myiasis associated with malignant wounds and skin cancer, characterizing sociodemographic variables, risk factors, clinical and histological features, and treatment. Additionally, we present a demonstrative case with the adequate taxonomic evaluation. Cutaneous myiasis is an underestimated and poorly managed infestation, which can generate severe complications in oncological patients. This is the first systematic review in the literature about this clinical scenario, which provides information to the physician and clinical researcher about the epidemiological gaps and what has been published so far. Findings from the current review have helped to display the sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical behavior of myiasis in skin cancer and malignant wounds. Its contribution to the greater tumor tissue destruction is clear; however, more studies are required. The therapeutic management in these patients is equally clarified.

Myiasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma-a systematic review and protocol for management.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma results in various morbidities like pain, bleeding on provocation, loss of function, facial disfigurement, extra oral fungation, and tissue necrosis. Other than these dreadful complications, sometimes in advanced and incurable stage, the wound gets infested with maggots. Oral myiasis in association with OSCC is rare, and a very few reports have been mentioned in the literature. A literature search was performedon PubMed,Medline, and Cochrane databaseson 1st November 2018 for all the articles focusing on oral myiasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. A total number of nine cases with oral myiasis in association with OSCC have been reported till date. Out of these nine cases, five cases have been reported from India and four from Brazil. Oral myiasis is a possible risk for the patient with Oral squamous cell carcinoma. Good hygiene and general cleanliness along witheducating the patients must be a practiceto avoid this dreadful condition.

Chrysomyabezziana associated Oral Myiasis - a case report

Myiasis is an infestation of vertebrates with dipteran larvae. In humans myiasis of cutaneous wound is common and that of the oral cavity is less common. Oral myiasis occurs due to deposition of eggs by the female fly belonging to Chrysomyabezziana. The condition is common in patients unable to maintain proper oral hygiene such as mentally challenged individuals, epileptic patients, patients with cerebrovascular accidents and those with non-healing oral ulcers. Predisposing factors include mouth breathing, incompetent lip seal, alcoholism, halitosis, poor oral hygiene, disability, senility, facial trauma, periodontal diseases and oral extraction wounds. Presence of oral myiasis in patients who are medically stable and able to maintain good oral hygiene is rare. Due to increasing incidence of alcoholism, myiasis can also occur in those who cannot maintain a lip seal. Here we present a case of oral myiasis in a medically stable male individual with chronic alcoholism and discuss the entomological aspect, identification and management. Key Words: Screw Worm Infection; oviposition; larva; diptera

Human myiasis in patients with diabetic foot: 18 cases.

BACKGROUNDMyiasis complication of diabetic foot ulcer has only been presented in a few case reports. Therefore, there is a need for additional data on this infestation.OBJECTIVEEvaluate clinical characteristics of human myiasis in patients with diabetic foot.DESIGNCase series.SETTINGSA tertiary referral healthcare institution and a diabetic foot center.PATIENTS AND METHODSPatients with diabetic foot infection complicated by myiasis who were admitted between June 2012 and July 2017.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESBacterial infection rate, accompanying bacterial agents, amputation (morbidity) and mortality rate.SAMPLE SIZE18.RESULTSEight (44.4%) of the patients were female. Sixteen (88.9%) had moderate-to-severe infections; 15 (83.3%) had necrotic tissue. Larval debridement therapy was performed on all patients at the bedside in consecutive sessions. A third-stage larva of Calliphora was detected in one case (5.6%). Second- and third-stage larvae of Lucilia sericata were detected in 5 (27.8%) and 7 (38.9%) patients, respectively. All the patients had a bacterial infection with myiasis. Twelve (66.7%) patients underwent amputation. Three (16.7%) patients died. Myiasis was more frequent in the months of May, June and July.CONCLUSIONTo our knowledge, this is the largest reported series of cases of diabetic foot with myiasis. The most common parasitic agent was Lucilia sericata. Bacterial soft tissue infections were observed in all cases. Poor hygienic conditions were noteworthy and all patients were in need of radical surgery. Myiasis complication of diabetic foot is more frequently seen in the spring and summer.LIMITATIONSInsufficient follow-up time for analysis of possible confounding factors.

Furuncular myiasis in a 6-year-old boy

Myiasis is caused by the invasion of tissues or organs of humans or animals by dipterous larvae. A 6-year-old boy presented with 1-month history of scalp ulcer that has initially started as a painful, itchy swelling in the vertex region. Cutaneous examination revealed live maggots in the ulcerous wound. Clinicians should be more alert to the possibility of myiasis in patients with furuncloid or boil-like lesions. Herein, we report this case because of its rarity.

Myiasis in patients with head and neck cancer: Seldom described but commonly seen.

Human myiasis is a parasitosis usually found in tropical and underdeveloped countries. It usually affects ulcerated lesions or devitalized tissues, developing after deposition of dipterous eggs. Patients with head and neck cancer are at risk to develop secondary myiasis. A representative percentage of those patients manifest with neglected and advanced tumors, usually in exposed areas and with necrotic tissues. Few case reports and small series constitute the available information about this parasitosis. Most studies have been conducted in patients with skin carcinomas, although myiasis has already been described in association with other head and neck malignancies. The authors present a series of 12 cases of myiasis secondary to head and neck cancer in addition to a literature review.

Cutaneous Myiasis in a Child Scalp Caused by Wohlfahrtia Magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): A Case Report

1.1 Background:Myiasis is caused by the invasion of tissues or organs of man or animals by dipterous larvae. A four-year-old girl presented with one month history of scalp ulcer that has initially started as a painful itchy swelling in the occipital region. Physical examination revealed live maggots in the ulcerous wound. The maggots were identified as the third instar larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica. 1.2 Case presentation:The patient presented to the emergency department with larva visualized inside the ulcer by the parents, the clinical examination has revealed a well circumscribed circular lesion in the occipital region of the scalp with a diameter of approximately 4cm, it showed some signs of inflammation with necrotic tissue and many larva's were seen inside the ulcer. The first surgical debridement was done in the second day of admission to the hospital, during this operation a large number of larvae were extracted and larval specimens were identified morphologically as larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica(Diptera: Sarcophagidae). 1.3 Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first case of furuncular myiasis caused by Wohlfahrtia magnificain a child in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Clinicians should be more alert to the possibility of myiasis in patients with furuncloid or boil-like lesions. 1.1 Background:Myiasis is caused by the invasion of tissues or organs of man or animals by dipterous larvae. A four-year-old girl presented with one month history of scalp ulcer that has initially started as a painful itchy swelling in the occipital region. Physical examination revealed live maggots in the ulcerous wound. The maggots were identified as the third instar larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica. 1.2 Case presentation:The patient presented to the emergency department with larva visualized inside the ulcer by the parents, the clinical examination has revealed a well circumscribed circular lesion in the occipital region of the scalp with a diameter of approximately 4cm, it showed some signs of inflammation with necrotic tissue and many larva's were seen inside the ulcer. The first surgical debridement was done in the second day of admission to the hospital, during this operation a large number of larvae were extracted and larval specimens were identified morphologically as larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica(Diptera: Sarcophagidae). 1.3 Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first case of furuncular myiasis caused by Wohlfahrtia magnificain a child in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Clinicians should be more alert to the possibility of myiasis in patients with furuncloid or boil-like lesions.

Human oestriasis acquired in Florence and review on human myiasis in Italy

Myiases-causing flies are widely observed in tropical countries, whereas in Italy, a temperate country, their epidemiology and clinical presentation are poorly known. We report three cases of human conjunctival myiasis recently observed at our hospital, and the results of a review of the literature on human myiasis in Italy. In August 2012, a case of Oestrus ovis conjunctival myiasis acquired in the city centre of Florence, Italy was diagnosed at our hospital. In the early fall of 2013, two additional cases, acquired in the neighbouring areas, occurred. The review of literature showed that, up to the middle of 1990s, myiasis in Italy was mainly an occupational disease of shepherds, caused by O. ovis. Recently, cases of travel acquired furuncular myiasis emerged, together with “opportunistic” autochthonous cases of wound myiasis in patients with underlying health conditions. Considering the causative agents of human of myiasis in Italy, among the 703 autochthonous cases reported, 98.1 % were caused by O. ovis, while among the 42 imported cases described, 59.5 % were due to Cordylobia spp. and 40.5 % to Dermatobia hominis. Our findings suggest that O. ovis conjunctival myiasis may still be observed in urban setting in Italy. Health care providers should know and implement the basic rules of entomoprophylaxis for myiasis in the facilities where they are working and use these indications to educate patients and care givers in both pretravel care and geriatric outpatient settings.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00436-014-3906-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Cutaneous Myiasis in Traveler Returning from Ethiopia

Cutaneous Myiasis in Traveler Returning from Ethiopia

Myiasis of the External and Middle Ear

Aural myiasis is a rare otolaryngological disease typically seen in poor hygienic conditions and medically disabled patients. We present a case of aural myiasis in a healthy woman who had no apparent risk factors for infestation and required extensive surgical intervention. We also discuss the literature of documented otolaryngological cases of myiasis and effective therapies. In our patient, symptoms of otalgia, otorrhea, and tinnitus resolved after multiple attempts at extraction resulted in successful eradication of larvae. The patient required tympanoplasty to reconstruct the damaged external and middle ear. Physicians should have a clinical suspicion of aural myiasis in patients with a travel history and an atypical presentation of acute otalgia and otorrhea.

Isolation ofSchineriasp. from a Man

Isolation of<i>Schineria</i>sp. from a Man

Miasis cutáneas sobre lesiones tumorales: presentación de tres casos

We report three cases of myiasis in patients with tumor-lesions. The first patient, a 54-year-old male, presented with laryngeal carcinoma with extensive local involvement, forming a large tumorous mass on the front of the neck that had been irradiated, where several active larvae were seen. The other two patients, females aged 101 and 87 years, respectively, presented with skin tumors on the scalp and face, and several active larvae could be seen in these tumors. After microbiological examination of the larvae removed, the species in the first case was identified as Chrysomyia, while the species in the other two cases was Sarcophaga. Several risk factors for developing myiasis have been described, such as advanced age, poor hygiene, diabetes mellitus, venous insufficiency, etc. These manifestations are self-limited, but in most cases treatment is necessary. This consists of cleaning and mechanical removal of visible larvae, with or without occlusion methods.