Musculoskeletal Disorders Complaints Research Articles

Work Posture Analysis in The Chips Frying Section Using Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment Method

U.D. Keripik Mustika is a small and medium enterprise (SME) that processes yam raw materials into special snacks in great demand for consumption and souvenirs. According to observations, the worker experienced pain complaints during frying in the shoulder area, arms, back, waist, hands, and feet. The complaint experienced by this worker was due to the worker's posture that had to stand and bend slightly with the position of the hands continuously mixing for 7 hours a day and done manually repeatedly over long periods. This is if left, then the worker will suffer musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The research was conducted using the WERA method (Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment), which explains the development of ergonomic risk assessment at the workplace to detect physical risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The spread of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire on frying workers showed pain complaints from an unergonomic working posture. The study results were obtained from Employee 1, with a physical indicator score of 39 (Medium), and Employee 2, with a physical indicator score of 37 (Medium). Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the work facilities or the worker's posture. Based on the assessment results, the researchers suggested additional facilities for workers to design standing aids that reduce pain in the leg muscles and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).

The Effect of Working Posture on Musculoskeletal Disorders Complaints Moderated By Smoking Copra Workers in Tanjung Balai, Asahan Regency

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Musculoskeletal complaints refer to discomfort or pain in the musculoskeletal system, ranging from mild to severe. One type of job that is particularly prone to musculoskeletal disorders is copra work, primarily due to poor working posture. This study aims to analyze the effect of working posture on musculoskeletal disorder complaints among copra workers in Tanjung Balai, Asahan Regency. The study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design, conducted in Bandar Jawa Village, Tanjung Balai Subdistrict, Asahan Regency, from December 2023 to February 2024. The study population consisted of all 139 copra workers in Bandar Jawa Village, and a sample of 104 workers was selected using the Slovin formula. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling. Data were collected through surveys and questionnaires administered to respondents. The research instruments used were the Nordic Body Map and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) evaluation sheet. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, with three stages: univariate analysis using frequency, bivariate analysis using simple linear regression, and multivariate analysis using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results showed that working posture significantly affected musculoskeletal disorder complaints, moderated by smoking habits, with a p-value of 0.001. It can be concluded that smoking exacerbates the negative effects of poor working posture on musculoskeletal health, increasing the risk of injury and slowing recovery. It is recommended that copra workers take preventive measures against musculoskeletal disorder complaints by improving their work environment, paying attention to rest periods, engaging in light relaxation exercises, and that employers provide education on worker safety and health to copra workers.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong> <strong><em>Musculoskeletal disorders, Smoking, Work posture</em></strong></p>

FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELUHAN NYERI OTOT PADA PEKERJA PEMBUAT GENTENG

The job of making traditional roof tiles is a job that is at risk of experiencing complaints of muscle pain because the work process relies heavily on the intensive use of the body's muscles. Apart from that, there are work activities that cause unergonomic work postures, such as standing for long periods, repetitive bending and twisting movements, as well as the process of lifting and carrying roof tiles for a long time. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between risk factors and complaints of muscle pain in roof tile workers at RT 04 RW 04 Dusun Sarip, Karangasem. This research was conducted from February 2023 to April 2023. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all workers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research sample was 61 people. The results showed that gender (p=0.126), body mass index (p=0.111), and smoking habits (p=0.993) had no relationship with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), while age (p=0.001), length of service (p=0.002), Physical workload (p=0.011) and work posture (p=0.000) have a relationship with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The conclusion of this research is that age, physical workload, and work posture are related to complaints of muscle pain in roof tile workers.

Risk Analysis of Work Posture and Body Mass Index to Musculoskeletal Disorders among Librarians at Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Potential ergonomic hazards at work can lead to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The Global Burden of Disease estimated that, by 2019, there were about 1.71 billion people in the world living with musculoskeletal problems. One of the jobs that has this risk is librarians because their jobs are dominated by static postures. This study aims to determine the correlation between work posture and body mass index (BMI) with MSDs complaints among librarians at Universitas Airlangga. Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study consists of the total population of librarians at Universitas Airlangga that met the inclusion criteria, totaling 28 librarians. Primary data were obtained through the direct distribution of questionnaires to librarians, observations of work posture and musculoskeletal complaints in librarians. The data in this study were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The research results showed that the level of mild MSDs complaints was reported by 7 librarians (25.0%), moderate complaints by 13 librarians (46.4%), and severe complaints by 8 librarians (28.6%). The statistical test results indicate a strong and positive correlation between work posture and MSDs complaints (r = 0.444), while a weak and positive correlation was found between BMI)(r = 0.222) and years of service (r = 0.158) with musculoskeletal disorders complaints. Conclusion: This study concludes that librarians in high-risk work postures may experience musculoskeletal disorders complaints, especially in the neck, shoulders, and back areas.

Experimental design for a sustainable society among motorcyclists: The influence of road types and speeds on whole-body vibration exposure and musculoskeletal disorders in motorcyclists

Motorcycles are very popular motorized vehicles and are widely used around the world. The main ergonomic hazard associated with the continuous use of motorcycles is the motorcyclist’s exposure to vibrations, which can potentially cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This can lead to significant health issues and may also heighten the risk of accidents due to increased driving discomfort. This study aims to investigate the impact of road type and motorcycle speed on WBV exposure and MSD complaints among motorcyclists. An experimental design method was used in this study, with samples subjected to a combination of treatments: riding a motorcycle on different road types and at different speeds. Vibration measurements and calculations were carried out using an accelerometer sensor based on ISO 2631-1, and MSD complaints were assessed using the Body Map Questionnaire (BMQ). The results of this study showed that riding on concrete roads resulted in a significantly higher vibration acceleration of 37.74% and a higher score of MSD complaints of 18.67% compared to asphalt roads. Riding at a speed of 50 km/h resulted in a significantly higher vibration acceleration of 31.03% and a higher score of MSD complaints of 9.49% compared to a speed of 30 km/h. This indicates that increased vibration exposure increased the risk of MSD complaints in this study. These findings highlight the need for measures to mitigate WBV exposure and its adverse health effects on motorcyclists, particularly when riding on rough road surfaces at higher speeds. Recommendations include limiting riding duration and implementing vibration-reducing technologies in motorcycle design.

Exploring Musculoskeletal Complaints in a Needle Manufacturing Industry: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) encompass a variety of conditions affecting muscles, joints, and nerves. In Portugal, MSDs are the most prevalent occupational health problem in companies. Based on the relevance of work-related MSD (WMSD), this study aims to assess the prevalence of MSD complaints in a needle manufacturing industry in Northern Portugal, following a cross-sectional approach. Thus, 526 workers from five departments (i.e., operator, tuning, maintenance, administration, and logistics) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Within the last 12 months, females exhibited a higher frequency of complaints than males across all body parts except for ankles/feet. The body parts eliciting the most percentage of complaints for both genders include the lower back (54.2%), neck (42.2%), shoulders (39.0%), ankles/feet (38.2%), and wrists/hands (35.7%). No significant association was found between Body Mass Index (BMI) and body part complaints. Tuners reported the highest complaint rate, with occupations as substantial predictors of complaints in certain body parts. Likewise, complaints tend to increase with age. The findings advocate for ergonomic interventions that are gender-, age-, and job-sensitive.

Analisis Postur Kerja Pekerja Packing Produk Menggunakan Metode RULA di PT. ABC

ABC is a plastic industry company where in the production process the plastic pellets will undergo a molding process which will then form a product. After the production process there are packing workers whose job is to select products that comply with the applicable SOP so that precision is required in sorting the products to be put into packaging. In this case there is a back and forth movement. This can pose a risk to the health of packing workers and will cause complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDS). Therefore, to identify the risk level of body posture of packing workers, work posture measurement methods such as the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method are needed and a questionnaire survey is needed to find out which muscles are at risk using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. From the results of the survey using the NBM questionnaire, there are several muscle parts that have a high risk of injury, namely the muscles of the lower neck, right shoulder, waist, right ankle with a score of 3 which means pain, as well as the muscles of the back, right and left forearm with a score of 4 which means very ill. Furthermore, the score obtained from measuring work posture using the RULA method is 6, which is at action level 3, which means that packing workers work with a high level of risk, so the work requires inspection and proposed improvements must be implemented. Keywords: Nordic Body Map (NBM), Postur Kerja, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA).

Mewujudkan Pembelajaran Kejuruan yang Nyaman: Implementasi Kaidah Ergonomi dalam Praktek Pengelasan di SMK Negeri 1 Purworejo

Various welding positions and extended durations of welding practice sessions can contribute to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints among Vocational High School (SMK) students. MSDs encompass conditions that manifest symptoms affecting muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, and the spinal cord. The implementation of an ergonomic welding table may assist welding operators in working on projects for prolonged periods with a reduced risk of MSDs complaints. This article reports on the community service activities conducted by the Vocational and Mechanical Engineering Education research group at Universitas Sebelas Maret in developing and implementing an ergonomic welding table at SMK Negeri 1 Purworejo. Ergonomic parameters used for reference include the Nordic Body Map (NBM), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and Rapid Under Limbs Assessment (RULA). The pre and post experiment analysis indicates a decrease in NBM, REBA, and RULA scores following the implementation of the ergonomic welding table, suggesting the potential for minimizing MSDs complaints.

Redesign of workstations to minimize musculoskeletal disorders for guitar workers in Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze body parts that experience musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and muscles that experience fatigue in guitar-making workers. The method used is the Nordic Body Map (NBM) to determine MSDs complaints, including complaints of pain in 28 parts of the worker's body, and the Muscle Fatigue Analysis (MFA) method to determine muscle fatigue that occurs in each part of the body by determining the level of effort, duration of work, and frequency of work movements. The results of research using NBM were 2 workers with high risk, 3 workers with medium risk, and 7 workers with low risk. The results of the MFA method were that 3 workers experienced muscle fatigue in the very high category with priority in the neck, back, shoulders, right arm, wrist and feet. Efforts to minimize the risk of MSDs by redesigning work facilities using SolidWorks software and reducing the risk of muscle fatigue by improving work facilities, improving the layout of the production floor, and encouraging workers to stretch their muscles and exercise regularly.

Work Posture Analysis using the RULA and OWAS Methods in the Cement Packing Section at the Packing Plant Indarung Unit of PT. Semen Padang

PT Semen Padang is a cement manufacturer. According to preliminary observations, the cement packing process, which is done at the Packing Plant Indarung unit, is the last step of the cement production process. Due to the sideways and bowed body positions, cement bagging is performed manually with a less ergonomic working position. This is performed continuously, causing workers complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. The results of distributing the Nordic Body Map questionnaire to employees indicate that many operators experience pain due to their work positions. Based on these findings, the RULA method was used to analyze work posture, yielding a group A posture score of 7, a group B posture score of 4, and a final RULA assessment score of 7. The OWAS method assessment, meanwhile, earned a score code of 2141 and was categorized as a level 3 risk. The results of the risk assessment using the RULA method yield a score of 7, indicating that the operator's work attitude needs to change immediately, whereas the results of the assessment using the OWAS method yield a score of 3, indicating that work posture has a very significant impact on tension and needs to be corrected as soon as possible. On the basis of the results of these assessments, a recommendation was made to design a trolley work facility that can be utilized to reduce the risk of MSDs for cement packaging operators

Efforts to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) Among Staff at RSU Wahyu Medan Tembung District

MSDs are the second largest contribution to disability in the world as the main cause that limits worker mobility and dexterity. Where they feel pain from the neck to the shoulders, then experience stiffness in the hand muscles until they lose control of their hands or find it difficult to move them. Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are also felt as workloads for long periods of time at frequent intervals, repetitive work movements such as bending over while working, hunched sitting postures which make the staff particularly uncomfortable at work. to identify efforts to prevent MSDs in Wahyu RSU staff, Medan Tembung District. This research method uses qualitative methods using case studies. Samples were taken using the purposive method. The number of samples used in this research was 7 Wahyu RSU staff. The results of this research show that prevention efforts carried out by hospitals and each individual are still not effective in preventing the emergence of symptoms of MSDs in hospital staff. There needs to be more effort to prevent this by doing ergonomic exercises and stretching which must be done regularly. routine.

Perancangan Kursi Kerja yang Ergonomi untuk Pekerja di UKM Wintolo

UKM Wintolo is a small and medium business that produces molds using liquid aluminum as the base material. UKM Wintolo has 3 workers with different age ranges. When initial observations were made, it was seen that the position and posture of workers when working were not neutral and not ergonomic, so community service activities were carried out at UKM Wintolo with the theme of improving processes and work environments in accordance with ergonomics rules at UKM Wintolo. This activity was carried out for 2 days, namely the first day was carried out by providing socialization material according to the theme of the activity, and taking measurements using the anthropometric method in making work facilities. The work facilities that have been refurbished include work chairs that are used for the mold preparation process and the process of taking mold results. On the second day, the products that had been made for these two activities were handed over. Community service activities are carried out to avoid musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs) complaints and this will subsequently have an impact on increasing worker productivity. Through this activity, it can be seen that there is a change in the position and posture of workers while working.

Edukasi Ergonomi dalam Mencegah Gangguan Muskuloskeletal pada Perawat yang Bekerja di Rumah Sakit

This study aims to determine the relationship between ergonomics education and reducing musculoskeletal disorders for nurses and also to determine appropriate educational methods for nurses working in Hospitals. The research method used was a systematic review by searching for this article using the keywords education, ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, and nursing. Inclusion criteria involved nurses working in hospitals, articles with an RCT or clinical trial research design, published within the last 10 years, and interventions that included ergonomics education for nurses. Articles were found through searches in several electronic databases, including PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, Sage Journal, and Embassy. The research results show that from the 7 articles that have been reviewed, the results of the ergonomics education program have succeeded in reducing the prevalence and risk of musculoskeletal disorders in nursing staff working in hospitals. In addition, there has been a significant reduction in the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in various parts of the body. In conclusion, providing ergonomics education to nurses working in hospitals can reduce complaints of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Keywords: Education, Ergonomics, Musculoskeletal, Nursing.

RISIKO ERGONOMI POSTUR KERJA PADA PROSES PENJEMURAN RUMPUT LAUT MENGGUNAKAN METODE NOVEL ERGONOMIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT DENGAN PERSPEKTIF MACROERGONOMIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE

Dusun Babana is one of the districts with the majority of people whose main livelihood is as seaweed farmers. The processing process takes 30 days, 45 days to 60 days. In the drying process, it takes 1.5 hours at the earliest and 3 hours at the longest depending on the amount of seaweed being dried. After cleaning seaweed, farmers often complain of pain in their backs and waists. Macroergonomy as an approach with personal subsystems in this case is culture. Work culture is a value that becomes a habit in a group until it manifests itself as an action called a work habit. This work habit causes workers to suffer from musculoskeletal disorders. NERPA as an ergonomic method that works to evaluate the work posture of the upper body so that it can see the work posture that causes the effect on complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. The final score obtained shows at level 4 which means it is required to take action as soon as possible at that very moment. Some improvement measures to minimize the ergonomic risk of work posture include good work techniques and time management.

Prevalence study of musculoskeletal disorders among bank workers

Background: A formal worker is anyone who works for a business entity that has been registered at a government office. Those who work in the formal sector are identical to office work, with long duration of work, tend to be in a static position, and there are repetitive movements, thereby increasing the potential of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). This can interfere with work productivity and work outcomes expected of formal sector workers. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional approach with purposive sampling technique. Data was collected in June 2022 using a personal data questionnaire and the Nordic body map (NBM) questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed on the data using IBM SPSS 26 software. Results: Musculoskeletal complaints were found in the upper neck 8.8%, lower neck 6.8%, left shoulder 6.8%, right shoulder 5.4%, back 7.3% and waist 8.3%. Twelve people experienced moderate pain in the waist, 7 people experienced pain in the upper neck, and 2 people experienced very painful feeling in the waist. There were 35 respondents have a low MSD risk level 87.5% and 5 respondents have a moderate MSD risk level 12.5%. Conclusion: The respondents mostly had complaints around the upper neck, lower neck, left shoulder, right shoulder, back, and waist. There were risks of MSD in formal sector workers of risk of the MSD complaints experienced is predominantly low. The ergonomics approach can be applied to respondents with a higher level of risk. Keywords: Formal worker, musculoskeletal disorder, nordic body map, posture

ANALYSIS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS COMPLAINTS OF ASSEMBLY AND DECORATION AREA WORKERS AT PT. X

One of the tasks of humans in the industrial world is moving and transporting materials at great risk of triggering Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). One production area with the potential for occupational disease hazards is the Assembly and Decoration area, which is a place for mixing colors. This area has a fairly high potential for occupational diseases in the form of MSDs because everyday workers always use manual product handling or what is known as lifting for 8 hours, hence workers often experience complaints of MSDs on the back, waist, shoulders, and arms. This research is a descriptive quantitative research type with analytical observational methods. This research is cross-sectional. The population in this study was 30 workers in the assembly and decoration area of ​​PT. X. Measurement of MSDs among workers in the Assembly and Decoration areas using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and the RULA method. The results of measurements using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire show that workers in the Assembly and Decoration sections have the potential to experience MSDs problems. Apart from that, based on the results of RULA measurements on Assembly and Decoration workers, a total score of 5 was obtained. So it can be concluded that this work is in the medium category and action is needed soon.

Intervention of Musculoskeletal Discomfort Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study

Driving activity for online motorcycle taxi drivers is dominantly causing static activity. This static activity plays a role in creating complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to determine the point on the body that is affected by static activity and the value of the Nordic Body Maps (NBM) of the characteristics of the respondents. The methodology used is a chi-square test with 70 respondents as the sample. The research stage began with distributing NBM questionnaires and then assessed descriptively. Furthermore, the chi-square test played a role in assessing the significant relationship. It was found that the dominant complaint point was the back. The influential correlations include the left shoulder on Body Mass Index (BMI) correlation, waist to height and age, hips to height, left elbow to height, and right knee to BMI. It is hoped that an intervention is needed to minimize musculoskeletal disorders with post-driving stretching activities.
 Keywords: static activity, musculoskeletal disorders, Nordic Body Map

Factor Determining Consumers’ Decisions to Purchase Topical Analgesic for Musculoskeletal Disorders in Indonesia

Background: Various choices of topical analgesic to treat musculoskeletal disorders are available on the marketObjectives: This study aims to determine the influence of psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors on purchasing decisions for topical analgesic drugs among consumers who need medication for musculoskeletal disordersMethods: This is cross-sectional quantitative research with an inferential statistics analysis approach. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect data during January 2023 using a questionnaire that was distributed online with a Likert scale via Google Form. A total of 318 respondents from 30 provinces in Indonesia who purchased topical analgesic drugs with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders and aged 18-60 years participated in this study. The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the relationship of psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors associated with purchasing decisionsResults: The study showed that the majority of respondents were male (50.6%), domiciled in Central Java (20.1%), aged 21-25 years (29.9%), worked as private employees (37.1%) with a working duration of 6-8 hours (59.4%), and had an income of IDR 2,500,000-3,499,000/month (40.6%). The product most frequently purchased was the cream dosage form (60.1%), with locations in pharmacies (74.5%). The results of partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing show that psychological, cultural, social, and personal factors have a significant positive influence (p < 0.05) on the decision to purchase topical analgesic drugs among consumers who need medication for musculoskeletal disordersConclusion: Given that psychological, cultural, social and personal factors influence decisions, it is recommended that marketers understand these factors.

Redesign of Rice Planting Tools Using an Ergonomics Approach

Farmers' work in planting rice is always with a bent posture, causing complaints of musculoskeletal disorders, this is a problem in research. The aim of the research is to identify farmers' complaints of musculoskeletal disorders when planting rice and determine the size of ergonomic tools. The method used is standard Nordic questionnaires to determine the point of complaint among farmers, anthropometry and percentiles are used to design the tool. Statistical tests are used to see valid, uniform, and normal data. Results and discussion, in the standard Nordiq questionnaire, it was found that farmers experienced more than 50% complaints of severe pain in the waist, left calf, right calf, left ankle, right ankle, left foot, and right foot. The design uses eight anthropometric dimensions: standing elbow height, palm length, palm width, middle finger length, shoulder width, body thickness, upper arm length, and hand length. All anthropometric dimensions were declared uniform, in the data adequacy test they were declared valid, and in the normality test, all data were declared normally distributed. The 5th percentile is used for the dimensions of shoulder width, standing elbow height, and palm length, and the 95th percentile is used for the dimensions of palm width, middle finger length, body thickness, upper arm length, and hand length.In conclusion, complaints of musculoskeletal disorders were identified as very painful, located at the point of complaint of the waist. The rice planting tool has ergonomic dimensions, the height of the tool is 88.1 cm, the diameter of the tool handle is 8.13 cm, the length of the handle is 11.4 cm, and the distance between the handle and the brake is 9.32 cm. The dimensions of the rice seed bag are 33.70 cm wide, the distance between the front and back of the bag is 23.19 cm, the bag height is 35.64 cm, and the bag length is 20.5 cm.

Risk Analysis of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders in Industrial Skin Measurement Workers Using the Assessment of Repetitive Task Method

In the leather industry production process in the Piyungan area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, the operators do a lot of repetitive activities with intensity and frequency of movement for a long time, for 8 hours in a sitting position. Operators measure on average 4700 pieces of leather per day. This leads to fatigue and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). For this reason, research was conducted to measure the level of risk of MSDs and improve them to reduce muscle complaints. This research was conducted experimentally on all skin-cutting operators at companies in the Piyungan area of Yogyakarta. Measurement of the risk level of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders using the Assessment of Repetitive Tasks (ART) method. The data was analyzed based on ART scores obtained, ranging from low, medium, and high risk level scores. The conclusion of the results showed that the risk level of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in this skin measurement operator included medium and high risk levels on the left and right upper limb operators. Improvements that can be made to reduce the level of risk are improvements to work facilities in the form of chairs, additional short rest periods, and stretching muscles before and after doing work on all skin measurement production operators.