Municipality In Southern Brazil Research Articles

PREVENTION OF SUICIDE IN ADOLESCENTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE NETWORK PROFESSIONALS

The prevention of suicide among adolescents is a challenge for professionals in the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) given the increase in the number of suicides in recent years and the complexity of the topic. The objective of the study consists of analyzing the health care of adolescents with suicidal behavior in RAPS in a municipality in southern Brazil, from the point of view of professionals. This is exploratory qualitative research that used thematic analysis as an analytical tool. In-depth interviews were conducted with RAPS professionals who work in adolescent care. The results showed three themes: practice of referral to CAPS and indicated prevention; selective prevention and the territory's health care team; universal prevention and intersectoral actions. The weaknesses of the municipality in relation to matrix support in RAPS contribute to the fragmentation between welcoming and care with the development of the therapeutic plan. In addition, the study revealed difficulties in developing intersectoral prevention actions within the network. The study concludes that it is necessary to invest in the continuing education of professionals, especially in Primary Health Care, understanding the role of territorial insertion of this service, capable of articulating prevention management.

Benefits and Difficulties of Implementing Family-Farming Food Purchases in the Brazilian National School Feeding Program.

Objectives: To explore the opinions of Brazilian National School Feeding Program (NSFP) nutritionists concerning the benefits and difficulties of implementing family-farming food purchases for the school feeding program. Methods: Exploratory and descriptive qualitative study conducted through the analysis of inductive content of open interviews carried out with technically responsible nutritionists of the School Feeding Program of 21 municipalities in Southern Brazil. Results: The qualitative analysis of the interviews resulted in 17 codes grouped into four categories that show the opinion of nutritionists on the benefits and difficulties of purchasing family-farming food: 1. increasing the visibility of rural areas and 2. improving the quality of food provided in school meals; 3. low product availability and 4. limited infrastructure for production and delivery. Conclusion: According to nutritionists, purchasing family-farming food in NSFP can increase the supply of healthy food in schools and stimulate rural development. However, efforts are needed to adjust institutional food demands for local food production and improve infrastructure for food production and distribution.

Culture circle in primary care: dialogues with managers on health promotion.

To identify health promotion strategies used by managers in primary health care. Qualitative research, of a participant action nature, which adopted the Culture Circle proposed by Paulo Freire as its methodological reference. Eleven primary health care managers from a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil took part. Nine generative themes emerged, categorized into four themes that highlight the interconnection between health promotion, social determinants and primary health care. These themes highlight preventive approaches, healthy habits and underline the need for a multidisciplinary approach to health care, recognizing the complexity of the dimensions involved, the influence of social determinants, environmental and health issues. These aspects call for intersectoral policies and actions, demonstrating the viability of health promotion in line with the principles of the Unified Health System. The autonomy of professionals working in primary health care services is highlighted, especially that of nurses, who play a central role in connecting and organizing health promotion actions.

Practices developed by nurses in primary health care in southern Brazil.

To understand the practices developed by nurses in primary care in southern Brazil. Qualitative study, with data collection via online interviews, conducted between October 2020 and May 2021, and recorded. 174 nurses from 24 municipalities in southern Brazil participated. Data analysis used inductive thematic analysis. The activity that stood out among nurses was the nurse consultation, for all age groups and health conditions, especially when dealing with chronic disease, prenatal care, attention to women and children, mental health, home visits, and the management of the nursing team and the health unit. This study demonstrated that an excess of responsibilities associated to care and management, added to a lack of balance in the activities common to the team make it difficult for nurses to develop clinical practices.

Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Culture circle in primary care: dialogues with managers on health promotion.

To identify health promotion strategies used by managers in primary health care. Qualitative research, of a participant action nature, which adopted the Culture Circle proposed by Paulo Freire as its methodological reference. Eleven primary health care managers from a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil took part. Nine generative themes emerged, categorized into four themes that highlight the interconnection between health promotion, social determinants and primary health care. These themes highlight preventive approaches, healthy habits and underline the need for a multidisciplinary approach to health care, recognizing the complexity of the dimensions involved, the influence of social determinants, environmental and health issues. These aspects call for intersectoral policies and actions, demonstrating the viability of health promotion in line with the principles of the Unified Health System. The autonomy of professionals working in primary health care services is highlighted, especially that of nurses, who play a central role in connecting and organizing health promotion actions.

The construction behind chosen names of transgender individuals and related aspects in a medium-sized city in the South of Brazil

This study analyzed the construction process of the chosen name and related aspects among transgender individuals from a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil. Qualitative data from a descriptive and exploratory mixed-method study was used. Self-declared trans people aged 18 or over were included. Three focus groups were conducted with ten participants. These individuals, aged between 19 and 52 years, have a documented chosen name, but half have not yet changed their civil records. The content analysis technique produced two categories: "construction of the chosen name as an instrument for validating the transgender identity" and "impacts of the construction of the chosen name on self-acceptance and on family and social relationships." The results reinforce the importance of respecting the name as a way of contributing to the gender affirmation of transgender individuals. The name was linked to the experiences, individuality and values of these individuals. Its proper use, much more than respect for legislation, meant respect for the different possibilities of human existence. It is expected that the results presented can be used as a tool for recognizing the issues and nuances that permeate the construction of the chosen name and contribute to identity validation.

Consumo de alimentos ultra processados e fatores associados em crianças de seis anos de idade

Abstract This article aims to estimate the prevalence and weekly frequency of ultra-processed food consumption in six-year-old children and associated factors in a municipality in southern Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 956 children. Data were collected through interviews with mothers in the households. The outcomes were the consumption of candies, chewing gum, lollipops and chocolates; stuffed cookies; artificial juices; and soft drinks using the Índice de Alimentação Escolar (School Feeding Index). The independent variables were gender, type of school, education and maternal occupation, breastfeeding, duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the use of bottle. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. In the multivariate analysis, the weekly prevalence of stuffed cookies consumption was 14% higher in students from public schools and 8% higher in children of mothers with less than eight years of schooling. Artificial juice and soft drink consumption was 7% and 8% higher in public school students respectively and 6% higher in bottle-fed children. Most schoolchildren consumed the ultra-processed foods assessed once or twice a week. Consumption was associated with the independent variables assessed.

Air pollution monitoring with Tradescantia hybrid and optical sensors in Curitiba and Araucária, Brazil

Abstract Complex mixtures of substances are in the atmosphere and they can cause diseases in humans and biological communities after acute or chronic exposition. This paper focuses on the physical measurement of particulate matter, a proxy for air pollution, and a biological method for mutation assessment due to plants’ exposure to air pollution. The objective of this research was to characterize the air pollution seasonality in municipalities in southern Brazil, and also to understand the relation between air pollution and the biological response of the Tradescantia sp. clone 4430. The optical sensor SDS011 was used for measurements of particulate matter (PM) and the Trad-SHM bioassay was chosen to quantify the mutagenic alterations that occurred in stamen hairs during the study period, with PM data being measured every 5 seconds and the flowers being harvested approximately every two weeks for laboratory analysis. The Pearson test was applied to verify the correlation between PM and mutations in stamen hair as a result of which it was observed that there is a positive correlation between these data, with the highest value found being r = 0.61. Also, the period with the highest occurrence of pink cells was between autumn and spring, the same period in which an unusual increase in PM concentrations was also observed, a period that corresponds to a less favorable dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The use of Tradescantia sp. clone 4430 showed sensitivity to the environments in which it was exposed. Biomonitoring is an important tool for understanding the effects of pollutants on the ecosystem.

One Health Approach to Leptospirosis: Dogs as Environmental Sentinels for Identification and Monitoring of Human Risk Areas in Southern Brazil.

Leptospirosis has been a neglected, widespread and reemerging zoonotic disease of global importance. The One Health holistic approach combining human, animal and environmental health has been important for control and prevention of zoonotic disease. An urban municipality in Southern Brazil with a high prevalence of leptospirosis was selected by convenience, with asymptomatic human and canine individuals serologically tested using MAT against 30 Leptospira spp. serovars. Epidemiological questionnaires were assessed along with the historical national database, with associated risk factors to dog and human seropositivity analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The spatial distribution of retrospective human leptospirosis cases was analyzed using a Kernel map and overlapped dog seropositivity and historical flooding areas, demonstrating that domestic and asymptomatic dogs may be important environmental sentinels for leptospirosis in such urban areas, even in the absence of human seropositivity and low canine seropositivity. Associated risk factors for leptospirosis in dogs and humans according to multiple regression included healthy dogs (p = 0.02, odds ratio-OR = 0.17, confidence interval of 95%CI 0.03-0.71) with indoor access (p = 0.059, OR = 5.12, 95%CI 1.10-37.7) and human males (p = 0.042, OR = 2.44, 95%CI 1.08-6.11) with presenting calf pain (p = 0.005, OR = 3.14, 95%CI 1.46-7. 14), jaundice (p < 0.001, OR = 4.61, 95%CI 2.11-10.10) and renal failure (p = 0.008, OR = 4.49, 95%CI 1.49-13.76). The greater the rain precipitation (above 3 mm of average annual precipitation), the higher the number of leptospirosis cases in humans. In conclusion, dog active serosurvey and rain precipitation should be systematically reported and plotted altogether as a basis for the early detection and monitoring of human risk areas. Such findings may serve as a basis for public health policies in Brazil and other endemic countries worldwide.

Accidents with biological material: factors associated with the non-use of personal protective equipment in Southern Brazil

Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be adopted by all professional groups exposed to risks of contact with biological material. The aim is to analyze factors associated with the non-use of PPE by workers affected by occupational accidents with biological material. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze notification forms of occupational accidents with biological material in municipalities in southern Brazil, from 2014 to 2019. Adjusted and unadjusted data analysis was performed and, subsequently, hierarchical analysis was used, and associations between independent variables and the outcome were established. The frequency of non-use of PPE over the years was 76.5%. At the end of the hierarchical analysis, the factors associated with the non-use of PPE were: years of accident occurrence, formal work status, recapping of materials, venous/arterial puncture, medication administration, inadequate disposal of materials, use of materials such as blades and lancets, and exposure of intact and non-intact skin. The factors analyzed showed a significant association with the non-use of PPE and work accidents with biological material, and highlight the importance of intervention strategies based on the reality experienced in each work environment.

Inequalities in the use of health services in a municipality in Southern Brazil in 2019: a cross-sectional study.

to assess inequalities in the use of health services in a municipality in Southern Brazil. This was a population-based cross-sectional study conducted with adults living in the urban area of the municipality of Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between March and December 2019; the research outcomes were medical consultation, dental visit, nutritional counseling and the use of the Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS); the exposures were age, schooling and income; inequalities were analyzed using the Slope index of inequality and equiplots. A total of 820 individuals were studied; medical consultation was higher (14.2 percentage points [p.p.]), and dental visit was lower (-29.5 p.p.), in older adults, when compared to young people; dental visit (41.1 p.p.) and nutritional counseling (18.0 p.p.) were higher in individuals with higher level of education, when compared to those with lower level of education; the use of SUS was higher in older adults (21.3 p.p.), with lower level of education (-61.2 p.p.) and lower income (-51.6 p.p.), when compared to their peers. in order to develop public policies, these inequalities should be taken into consideration.

Vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic.

To know the vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative research carried out with 25 adolescents from a public school in a municipality in southern Brazil in the second half of 2021 through individual semi-structured interviews. Data were submitted to thematic content analysis and interpreted with the vulnerability theoretical framework. These adolescents' daily lives during the COVID-19 pandemic presented difficulties in keeping family members working, changing habits and routines, accessing classes, the internet and increasing intra-family violence. Vulnerability in adolescents' daily life during the pandemic can be identified as the absence of interaction in the school context and access to learning resources, reflecting on individual and social vulnerability. Unemployment and possible access to other sources of income have an impact on programmatic vulnerability. Reflection on practices in the context of health and school is suggested, based on the vulnerability identified in adolescents' daily lives during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Infodemia da Covid-19 em Dois Municípios do Sul do Brasil: Um Estudo Transversal de Base Populaciona

The objectives of this study were: to verify the prevalence of infodemics during the COVID-19 pandemic; and analyze associated behavioral and socioeconomic and demographic factors. Cross-sectional, population-based study carried out with a representative sample of two municipalities in southern Brazil. 2,170 individuals aged 18 years or over were interviewed from October 2020 to January 2021. Data collection was carried out in person at home using a questionnaire. The prevalence of infodemic was 22% (CI95%:18.8;25.3), having been signifi cantly higher among women, the elderly, individuals with less education and with the highest number of comorbidities.Staying at home longer, having had contact with someone infected and having lack of money to buy food were also associated with the infodemic. The excessive search for information happened through television, radio and social networks. Two out of every ten individuals were aff ected by the infodemic. Individuals who were more at home, poorer, with less years of education and with more comorbidities are more exposed to infodemics and it is noteworthy that offi cial health agencies were not the main source of information.Keywords: Infodemic, COVID-19, quarantine, mental health, epidemiology.

PERSPECTIVA DE IMIGRANTES SOBRE A INTEGRAÇÃO PESSOAL E FAMILIAR NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the experiences of immigrants and their families related to integration in Brazil. Method: this is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a municipality in southern Brazil. The informants were 13 immigrants who had lived in Brazil between six months and five years and who were able to communicate in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Data were collected between May and November 2021, through semi-structured interviews, audio-recorded and subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: the 13 participants were aged between 27 and 65 years (mean age 36 years), nine of whom were women, seven from Venezuela and the others from countries in South, Central America and Africa. Three categories emerged which show the adversities experienced, especially in relation to jobs (low wages, labor exploitation, non-recognition of academic titles), communication difficulties and distance from family. On the other hand, they also show satisfaction with public safety, health care and the possibility of personal and professional development. To maintain family unity and their origins, people in an immigration situation financially help members who could not migrate, make typical foods and use the native language in the home environment. Conclusion: integration into Brazilian society is permeated by challenges, namely the absence/distance from family of origin and/or constituted, lack of understanding of language, work and financial problems and social support network weakness. However, immigrants seek to maintain an adequate family functioning based on the support of institutions and the maintenance of the culture of origin.

Medo da COVID-19 e Aumento do Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas por Alunos do Ensino Médio Durante a Pandemia

More than 25% of Brazilian teenagers are currently experimenting with alcohol and this early consumption is associated with violence, unprotected sex, use of other drugs, depression, anxiety, car accidents, family confl icts and chronic diseases. This scenario may have been aggravated by the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with the aim of analyzing the association between fear of COVID-19 and alcohol consumption among students in a municipality in southern Brazil. For that, 170 students answered a controlled one composed of expressive instruments through the Redcap platform. Stata 15.1 was used for statistical analysis. The results indicate that fear of the pandemic may have been responsible for the 5-fold increase in alcohol consumption and that 20% of students had suicidal thoughts during the period of social distancing. The consumption of alcoholic beverages is related to more than 200 harms to cognitive, behavioral and physical health. A signifi cant increase among schoolchildren suggests the urgency of public policies aimed at identifying, monitoring and strengthening social support for the harm resulting from alcohol consumption in this age group.Keyword:Fear, coronaphobia, alcohol drinking, students, suicide

Use of dental services during pregnancy and associated factors

The aim this study was to evaluate the association between the use of dental services and the sociodemographic characteristics and perceptions of oral health of pregnant women living in a municipality of southern Brazil. The instrument used in this cross-sectional study was a questionnaire composed of questions about sociodemographic characteristics, perceptions of oral health and access to dental services, administered to 102 pregnant women during prenatal care. Descriptive analyses of the variables were performed, along with multivariate analyses for the estimation in a logistic regression model. The mean age of the women was 29±6.2 years. The area of residence, first pregnancy, and the perception that pregnancy impairs oral health and causes weakening of teeth remained significant predictors of dental consultation. The chances of not having had a dental appointment were significantly higher for pregnant women who lived in the countryside, by more than three times; those who believed that pregnancy damages teeth, more than five times; and those teeth were weakened during this period, more than eight times. Furthermore, not being the first pregnancy was a protective factor for not having dental appointment. Women who are pregnant for the first time, living in rural areas and with misperceptions about dental conditions during pregnancy, did not consult during pregnancy.

Práticas de promoção da saúde como resistência e contraconduta à governamentalidade neoliberal

Abstract This article analyzes the discourses within Health Promotion (HP) practices in Primary Health Care (PHC) that constitute actions of resistance and counter-conduct to the neoliberal governmentality inscribed in these tools. Drawing upon descriptive and exploratory field research, together with a qualitative approach, we interviewed 23 PHC workers in a municipality in southern Brazil. The results point out possibilities to enhance HP in PHC: strengthening training activities within health units; problematizing Social Determinants of Health (SDH); methods to encourage participation; collectivization of health demands; appreciation and reinforcement of achievements and collective actions; recovery of the local community’s culture and habits; and HP advocacy in PHC.

Health promotion practices as resistance and counter-conduct to neoliberal governmentality.

This article analyzes the discourses within Health Promotion (HP) practices in Primary Health Care (PHC) that constitute actions of resistance and counter-conduct to the neoliberal governmentality inscribed in these tools. Drawing upon descriptive and exploratory field research, together with a qualitative approach, we interviewed 23 PHC workers in a municipality in southern Brazil. The results point out possibilities to enhance HP in PHC: strengthening training activities within health units; problematizing Social Determinants of Health (SDH); methods to encourage participation; collectivization of health demands; appreciation and reinforcement of achievements and collective actions; recovery of the local community's culture and habits; and HP advocacy in PHC.

Overcoming the Challenges of Sustainable Family Agriculture in Southern Brazil: Contributions to the 2030 Agenda

Concerning sustainability and food production, efforts are made by social, political, and environmental actors to enact changes in production and consumption patterns and adopt new management models and instruments. Hunger, waste, poor distribution of food, and low diversity affect many countries, and small family farmers are abandoning their activities due to the challenges which minimize the possibilities of contemplating SDG 12. Local production and SDG 12 favor access to safe and cheaper food, thereby encouraging food security and minimizing food waste. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with the participation of local actors in 16 municipalities in southern Brazil. The study took a qualitative research approach and content analysis was used as a mode of investigation. It was then possible to provide assistance to the decision-making process of local and regional public authorities in terms of development to support sustainable production and consumption. This study highlights the contribution of family agriculture to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), specifically SDG 12. The study presents guidelines and means of implementation for a more sustainable family agriculture, as well as attributes to the challenges of the sector. With this approach, it was possible to connect the problem with the solutions, classifying them by thematic axes.