Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Scans Research Articles

A Novel Technique for Repairing Alveolar Clefts: Computer-Assisted Design With Posterior of Mandible Block Bone Grafts

Objective: Iliac cancellous bone graft is the gold standard for the treatment of alveolar clefts. However, the resorption rate of iliac cancellous bone is generally high. In this study, the authors propose a new method for repairing alveolar clefts using block bone grafts in the posterior region of the mandibular molar and the anterior margin of the ascending branch. Methods: Ten patients with a diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral alveolar cleft were collected. Block bone grafting between the posterior mandibular molar region and the inner and outer oblique lines of the anterior margin of the ascending branch was used to treat the alveolar synostosis. Preoperative, 1-week postoperative, and 6-month postoperative multislice spiral computed tomography scans of the patients were collected and analyzed for preoperative design and postoperative graft bone morphology using computer-assisted software tools, which were also required to measure the changes in the bone tissue density in the posterior mandibular bone extraction area. Results: At 6 months postoperatively, the mean bone resorption rate of the posterior mandibular bone grafts for cleft alveolar processes was 33.96% ± 11.23%. Bone tissue density in the posterior mandibular bone grafting area recovered to near preoperative levels at 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: The novel method of bone grafting for the cleft alveolar process used in this paper is really effective. Postoperative posterior mandibular bone extraction did not cause sequelae such as mandibular bone defects or poor morphology in the patients. Computer-assisted design and three-dimensional printing technology helped to improve intraoperative bone grafting accuracy and postoperative assessment.

Enhanced Diagnostic Precision: Assessing Tumor Differentiation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Multi-Slice Spiral CT Texture Analysis.

This study explores the efficacy of texture analysis by using preoperative multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) to non-invasively determine the grade of cellular differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In a retrospective study, MSCT scans of patients with HNSCC were analyzed and classified based on its histological grade as moderately differentiated, well-differentiated, or poorly differentiated. The location of the tumor was categorized as either in the bone or in soft tissues. Segmentation of the lesion areas was conducted, followed by texture analysis. Eleven GLCM parameters across five different distances were calculated. Median values and correlations of texture parameters were examined in relation to tumor differentiation grade by using Spearman's correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Forty-six patients were included, predominantly female (87%), with a mean age of 66.7 years. Texture analysis revealed significant parameter correlations with histopathological grades of tumor differentiation. The study identified no significant age correlation with tumor differentiation, which underscores the potential of texture analysis as an age-independent biomarker. The strong correlations between texture parameters and histopathological grades support the integration of this technique into the clinical decision-making process.

The value of MSCT in evaluating the passability of bezoar by conservative treatment for bezoars-induced small bowel obstruction.

To explore the multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) imaging characteristics of patients with bezoars-induced small bowel obstruction (BI-SBO) to evaluate the risk of conservative treatment. This retrospective study included 72 patients with BI-SBO who underwent whole-abdominal MSCT scan within 1day before treatment. The patients were classified as the non-pass group and pass group depending on whether bezoar can pass after conservative treatment. The CT images were observed and measured by two radiologists. Statistical analysis was performed by using Student's t test, Pearson's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Logistic linear regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The study population consisted of 72 patients with a mean age of 52.2 ± 16.2years (32 men and 40 women with an age range of 13-81years). There were statistical differences between the two groups in the bezoar appearance, maximum HU of bezoar, thickness of intestinal wall, mesenteric haziness, mesenteric fluid, and peritoneal fluid (P = 0.002, 0.024, 0.017, 0.006, 0.021, and 0.030). The appearance of bezoar and mesenteric haziness is independent risk factors affecting whether bezoar can be passed by the conservative treatment. Sensitivity (41.7%) was decreased, NPV (76.3%) was not significantly changed, specificity (93.8%) and PPV (76.9%) were improved when both parameters were met to assess failure of conservative treatment. The observation of important signs by MSCT and its reconstruction technology is of great clinical value in evaluating the passability of bezoar by conservative treatment, and which can provide radiographic basis for clinical treatment selection.

Impact of a Structured Report Template on the Quality of Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Scan Reports for Small Bowel Diseases: A Preliminary Study

Background: The application of multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) scan has improved the diagnosis of small bowel diseases (SBDs). Objectives: This study aimed to develop a structured report (SR) template for SBDs based on MSCT scans and to compare its value with free-text reports (FTRs) by radiologists with different levels of seniority in radiology. Patients and Methods: A total of 120 SBD cases were confirmed based on the clinical manifestations, surgery, colonoscopy, and pathology. An SR template for small bowel imaging was developed, and six radiologists were divided into inexperienced and experienced groups. Sixty cases with small intestinal MSCT data were available for FTRs and another 60 cases for SRs after training. The report accuracy, satisfaction, and completion time were compared between the two reporting methods. Results: The writing time of SRs was significantly shorter than that of FTRs. By using FTRs, the experienced group showed higher levels of sensitivity for all diseases (i.e., intestinal wall, intestinal peripheral artery, blood vessel, bone, and other abdominal organ diseases) (P < 0.05). The experienced group showed a low misdiagnosis rate for all diseases (P < 0.05), except for bone disease (P = 0.161). By using SRs, the experienced group only showed a low misdiagnosis rate for the intestinal wall disease (P < 0.05). High sensitivity for the intestinal wall disease (P < 0.05) and intestinal peripheral artery disease (P = 0.024), along with improved sensitivity for bone lesions (P < 0.05), was reported in this group. In the inexperienced group, SRs improved sensitivity for all diseases (P < 0.05), except for intestinal wall disease (P > 0.05). The satisfaction scores for both inexperienced and experienced groups improved by using SRs (4 vs. 2.6 for the inexperienced group and 4.1 vs. 3.2 for the experienced group; P < 0.05 for both). Conclusion: The SRs were superior to FTRs in terms of writing efficiency, accuracy, and satisfaction. They could improve the accuracy of inexperienced radiologists in diagnosis and help detect SBDs.

Diagnostic Value of Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Combined with Serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73 Assay in the Diagnosis of Primary Liver Cancer.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) scan combined with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumor-specific growth factor (TSGF), and Golgi protein73 (GP73) assays in the diagnosis of primary liver cancer (PLC). Methods Totally, 60 patients with PLC admitted to The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were included in group A, 60 patients with liver cirrhosis were included in group B, and 60 healthy subjects were included in group C. The serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73 levels were determined, and all participants received MSCT scanning. The diagnostic efficacy of MSCT, assays of serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73, and their combined detection was analyzed. Results Group A had the highest levels of AFP, TSGF, and GP73, followed by group B, and then group C. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of MSCT for PLC were 80.0%,91.7%, 82.8%, and 90.2%, respectively, while those of combined detection of MSCT plus serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73 for PLC were 100.0%, 93.3%, 88.2%, and 100.0%. The combined detection was associated with significantly a higher detection rate of PLC versus stand-alone detection. Conclusion MSCT plus serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73 has a higher detection rate versus stand-alone detection, which shows great potential in the diagnosis of PLC.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Spiral CT 3D Reconstruction in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

To evaluate the clinical application effect of spiral computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on artificial intelligence in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), a CT 3D reconstruction model based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) was established in this research, which was compared with the model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) and used in clinical practice. Then, 62 patients with aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent TAVI surgery were recruited as the research objects. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the multislice spiral CT scan (MSCT) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in predicting the type of TAVI surgical valve were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the mean absolute error (MAE) (0.01) and root mean square error (RMSE) (0.086) of the MBIR model were higher than the reconstruction model in this research. The structural similarity (SSIM) (0.831) and peak signal-to noise ratio (PSNR) (32.77 dB) of the MBIR model were lower than the reconstruction model, and the differences were considerable (P < 0.05). Of the valve models selected based on the TTE measurement results, 35 cases were accurately predicted and 27 cases were incorrectly predicted. The accuracy of MSCT was 87.1%, the specificity was 98.84%, and the sensitivity was 92.87%; all of which were significantly higher than TTE (P < 0.05). In summary, compared with the MBIR reconstruction model, the imaging results of the model established in this research were closer to the real image. Compared with TTE, MSCT had higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and can provide more accurate preoperative predictions for patients undergoing TAVI surgery.

The Effect of Enhanced Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Scan in Nursing

Purpose. Side effects such as local pain and tissue swelling will affect the effect of enhanced multislice spiral computed tomography (CT) scan. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of imaging nursing in enhanced CT scan for heart patients. Method. We selected 86 heart patients to receive enhanced multislice spiral CT scan as the research objects and randomly divided them into the test group and the control group. Imaging nursing and traditional nursing intervention was taken to compare the nursing effects of the two groups. Results. The incidence of unpleasant mood in the test group was 9.3%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group. The nursing satisfaction of the test group was 97.7%, which was much higher than the 79.1% of the control group. At the same time, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the test group and the incidence of contrast agent extravasation were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion. The use of imaging nursing for heart patients with enhanced multislice spiral CT scan can reduce the patient’s unhealthy mood and improve nursing satisfaction, and the nursing effect is ideal.

Image Fusion of Multislice Spiral CT with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the Diagnosis and Nursing of Malignant Bone Diseases Using ANOVA

This work aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of dynamic scanning of multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for benign and malignant bone tumor and nursing intervention. 108 patients with bone tumor were selected as the research objects, all of which underwent MSCT and MRI scans. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of MSCT, MRI, and MSCT + MRI for identifying benign and malignant bone tumors and nursing care were calculated, as well as the diagnostic accuracy of MSCT, MRI, and MSCT + MRI for different bone tumor pathological types. The results showed that the accuracy of MSCT + MRI (97.56%) in distinguishing benign and malignant bone lesions was remarkably higher relative to that of MSCT (85.91%) and MRI (89.85%) ( P &lt; 0.05 ). The sensitivity and specificity of MSCT + MRI (94.85%; 90.52%) in distinguishing benign and malignant bone lesions were obviously greater in contrast to those of MSCT (83.66%; 79.05%) and MRI (86.02%; 81.17%) ( P &lt; 0.05 ). The malignant misdiagnosis rate and malignant missing report rate of MSCT + MRI in distinguishing benign and malignant bone lesions were inferior to those of MSCT and MRI notably ( P &lt; 0.05 ). The accuracy of MSCT + MRI in distinguishing osteosarcoma, giant-cell tumor of bone (GCT), bone cyst, and osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) was evidently higher versus that of MSCT and MRI ( P &lt; 0.05 ). The accuracy of MSCT + MRI in distinguishing osteofibroma and ganglioneuroma was greatly higher than that of MSCT and MRI ( P &lt; 0.05 ). The accuracy of MSCT + MRI in distinguishing osteofibroma and ganglioneuroma was 68.64% and 71.63%, respectively. In short, in contrast to the single MSCT and MRI examination, MSCT combined with MRI detection can effectively improve the accuracy of judgment for benign and malignant bone tumor lesions and nursing care and had higher sensitivity and specificity. MSCT combined with MRI had better performance in identifying osteosarcoma, GCT, bone cyst, and OFD but poor performance in osteofibroma and ganglioneuroma.

Evaluation of isolated abdominal visceral artery dissection with multi-scale spiral computed tomography: a retrospective case series

BackgroundTo evaluate the role of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) angiography in the diagnosis of spontaneous isolated visceral artery dissection (SIVAD).MethodsTwenty-seven patients with abdominal SIVAD were included in the study. The MSCT scans of the patients were subjected to various post-processing techniques to visualize the visceral artery wall. Clinical features including arterial dissection, thrombosis, dissection length, true/false lumen, and complications were recorded.ResultsType I, IIa, and IIb SIVADs were observed in 11, 6, and 10 patients, respectively. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection was the most common (n = 16), followed by abdominal aortic dissection (n = 6), splenic artery dissection (n = 2), renal artery dissection (n = 2), and splenic artery dissection (n = 1). One patient with SMA dissection suffered small intestine ischemia, 1 with splenic artery dissection had splenic infarction, and 1 patient with left renal artery dissection experienced renal infarction. The false lumen was bigger than the true lumen in 20 patients, with 9 patients having thrombus. The true lumen was bigger than the false lumen in 7 patients.ConclusionsMSCT angiography is a valuable technique in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with SIVAD. Patients with abdominal pain suspected due to SIVAD should be examined with MSCT angiography for early detection of SIVAD.

Research Status of Postmortem MSCT Angiography in Forensic Science

Virtual autopsy is a new technique for investigating the morphological changes of cadaveric tissues and organs by medical imaging technology. It has been widely used in the identification of causes of death. Multislice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） has become a routine inspection method in some identification institutions, although it cannot completely replace traditional autopsy, it plays a key auxiliary or substitute role in the identification of certain abnormal causes of death. Plain MSCT scan cannot visualize cadaveric vessels, but can perform cadaveric angiography to determine vascular injury or disease. This technology has entered a rapid development period in recent years, and has made a considerable progress in contrast agent, perfusion methods and imaging methods. This article summarizes several common cadaveric MSCT angiography methods, such as systemic angiography, angiography through cardiopulmonary resuscitation, targeted angiography, and angiography by cardiac puncture, and analyzes and compares the application prospects.

Airflow of the Two-Port Velopharyngeal Closure: Study Using Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Posterior pharyngeal flap palatoplasty is used to restore the function of velopharyngeal (VP) closure, after which 2 ports remain between the nasal and oral cavity. The authors hypothesized that the airflow dynamics of the upper airway is different in PPF patients compared to health subjects, who only has 1 movable port. Twenty adults who have multislice spiral computed tomography scan were included in this study. Two cylinders (radius, 2.00 mm; height, 4.5 mm) were used to recapitulate the 2-port VP structure after PPF palatoplasty. The areas of ports were modified by changing the radius of 2 cylinders. Real-time computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to capture the airflow velocity and pressures through the 2 ports. The airflow velocity and pressure of upper airway were recorded as the total areas of 2 VP ports increased. The total orifice areas of the 2-port VP closure for 4 VP conditions, including adequate closure, adequate/borderline closure, borderline/inadequate closure, and inadequate closure, were demonstrated. Significant differences between the 2-port VP function for demonstrating PPF reconstruction and the 1-port VP function were found. Airflow dynamics is dependent on the VP structure. The 2-port airflow model for mimicking VP closure after PPF palatoplasty demonstrated airflow characteristics that were significantly different from the 1-port model in normal VP closure.

Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Different Velopharyngeal Closure Patterns.

Velopharyngeal (VP) closure has high impact on the quality of life, especially in patients with cleft palate. For better understanding the VP closure, it is important to understand the airflow dynamics of different closure patterns, including circular, coronal, sagittal, and circular with a Passavant's ridge. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the airflow characteristics of different velopharyngeal closure patterns. Sixteen adults with no notable upper airway abnormality who needed multislice spiral computed tomography scans as part of their clinical care. Airways were reconstructed. A cylinder and a cuboid were used to replace the VP port in three models of VP port patterns. Flow simulations were carried using computational fluid dynamics. Airflow pressures in the VP orifice, oral cavity and nasal cavity, as well as airflow velocity through the velopharyngeal orifice, were calculated. The airflow dynamics at the velopharynx were different among different velopharyngeal patterns as the area of the velopharyngeal port increased from 0 to 25 mm2. The orifice areas of different closure conditions in four velopharyngeal closure patterns were significantly different. The maximal orifice area for adequate velopharyngeal closure was 7.57 mm2 in the coronal pattern and 6.21 mm2 in the sagittal pattern. Airflow dynamics of the velopharynx were correlated to the velopharyngeal closure patterns. Different closure patterns had different largest permitted orifice areas for getting the appropriate oral pressures for normal speech.

Computed tomography as primary postoperative follow-up after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

AIMTo evaluate upper abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan as primary follow-up after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).METHODSThis prospective study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the State of Zurich, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Sixty-one patients who underwent LRYGB received upper abdominal CT on postoperative day 1, with the following scan parameters: 0.6 mm collimation, 1.2 mm pitch, CareKV with reference 120 mAs and 120 kV, and 0.5 s rotation time. Diluted water-soluble radiographic contrast-medium (50 mL) was administered to achieve gastric pouch distension without movement of the patient. 3D images were evaluated to assess postoperative complications and the radiation dose received was analysed.RESULTSFrom the 70 patients initially enrolled in the study, 9 were excluded from analysis upon the intraoperative decision to perform a sleeve gastrectomy and not a LRYGB. In all of the 61 patients who were included in the analysis, CT was feasible and there were no instances of aspiration or vomiting. In 7 patients, two upper abdominal scans were necessary as the pouch was not distended by contrast medium in the first acquisition. Radiologically, no leak and no relevant stenosis were found on the first postoperative day. These early postoperative CT findings were consistent with the findings at clinical follow-up 6 wk postoperatively, with no leaks, stenosis or obstructions being diagnosed. The average total dose length product in CT was 536.6 mGycm resulting in an average effective dose of 7.8 mSv. The most common surgical complication, superficial surgical site infections (n = 4), always occurred at the upper left trocar site, where the circular stapler had been introduced.CONCLUSIONEarly LRYGB postoperative multislice spiral CT scan is feasible, with low morbidity, and provides more accurate anatomical information than standard upper gastrointestinal contrast study.

Accuracy of Multi-Slice Spiral Computed Tomography for Preoperative Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) Staging of Colorectal Carcinoma.

BackgroundWith the advances in imaging technologies, multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) has demonstrated superiority in the diagnosis and staging of colorectal carcinoma. In the current study, preoperative TNM staging of colorectal carcinoma by using MSCT was conducted and compared with the corresponding postoperative pathological examination findings, in order to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative MSCT for TNM staging.Material/MethodsCombinations of biphasic or triphasic enhanced-phase MSCT scans were obtained for 76 patients with colorectal carcinoma, and the TNM stage was determined based on imaging reconstruction from various angles and perspectives to display the size, location, and affected range of tumors. The preoperative TNM stage was compared with the postoperative pathological stage, and the consistency between the 2 methods was tested by the κ test using SPSS 17.0 software.ResultsAmong the different combinations of enhanced-phase MSCT scanning, triphasic MSCT imaging, comprising the arterial, portal venous, and delayed phases, showed the highest accuracy rates, at 81.6% (62/76), 82.89% (63/76), and 96.1% (73/76) for T, N, and M staging, respectively, with κ values of 0.72, 0.65, and 0.56, respectively, indicating consistency with the postoperative pathological staging.ConclusionsCombined MSCT scanning comprising the arterial phase, portal venous phase, and delayed phase showed satisfying consistency with the postoperative pathological analysis results for TNM staging of colorectal carcinoma. Thus, MSCT is an important clinical value for improving the accuracy of TNM staging and for planning the appropriate colorectal cancer treatment.

Diagnosis value of multi-slice spiral CT in renal trauma

Computed tomography (CT) is most commonly used as a noninvasive approach in diagnosis of internal organ injures. Use of multi-slice spiral CT becomes more popular in diagnosis of trauma because of its ability to generate 3D volumetric information. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) with enhanced scanning in renal trauma. In total, 126 patients with kidney injury underwent MSCT scanning from a single hospital in the southern of China between January 2012 and February 2016. According to kidney injury grading standards of American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), 30 were diagnosed and classified in level I, 26 in level II, 42 in level III, 17 in level IV, 11 in level V. The outcomes of MSCT enhanced scanning achieve a 100% diagnostic accuracy rate, which was confirmed by surgical findings. We concluded that the enhanced MSCT scan permits reliable detection of renal trauma and the associated organ or tissue injuries, providing important clinical value for the diagnosis and classification of renal trauma or internal organ injures.

Virtual facial reconstruction based on accurate registration and fusion of 3D facial and MSCT scans.

Accurate registration and feasible fusion of a three-dimensional (3D) photorealistic surface images (captured using the FaceSCAN3D® Scientific Photo Lab) from multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) images is important to achieve optimal craniomaxillofacial surgery outcomes; thus, the aim of this work was to optimize this process. MSCT and 3D facial scans were acquired from 37 randomly selected patients. Using the Invesalius software package, skin and bone tissue models were reconstructed. The 3D photorealistic surface images were then constructed. Four image registration processes were performed using Geomagic Studio software: manual Procrustes and semi-automatic registration (global modified ICP) using both 7 and 15 anthropometric landmarks. The statistical differences were assessed using one-way ANOVA and LSD tests. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Average distances between these two surfaces measured 0.99 (SD 0.13 mm), 0.77 (SD 0.11 mm), 0.99 (SD 0.15 mm), and 0.77 mm (SD 0.10 mm) via the four image registration methods. Statistical differences were observed between the manual and semi-automatic registration groups (according to 7 and 15 anthropometric landmarks, respectively). Image registration errors for the entire virtual face were <0.8 mm in the semi-automatic registration groups. Employing the Procrustes registration system using seven anthropometric landmarks together with global registration allows accurate registration and feasible fusion of 3D facial scans with reconstructed 3D MSCT image data.

Characteristics and diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography examination of gastrointestinal lipoma

Objective To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) examination of gastrointestinal lipoma. Methods The cross-sectional study was adopted.The clinicopathological data of 96 patients with gastrointestinal lipoma including 32 from the Second Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 30 from the First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 17 from the Ruian People's Hospital of Zhejiang, 11 from the Yueqing People's Hospital, 3 from the Wenzhou Central Hospital and 3 from the Wenzhou People's Hospital from December 2006 to September 2015 were collected. All patients were fasted for 8 hours prior to the examination, and partial patients underwent enhanced scan after the conventional CT scanning with breathless scanning and no abdominal pressure. Coronal and sagittal images of gastrointestinal tract including the tumor were administrated with planar reconstruction (MPR) techniques of Reformat software. Based on MPR images, the curves along the gastrointestinal tract were drawn, voxel distributed along the curve track were reconstructed, and curved planar reconstruction (CPR) images were obtained. The patients received operation or follow-up according to individual characteristics after examinations. The patients undergoing operation were followed up for detecting tumor recurrence and metastasis by CT examination and patients receiving follow-up were observed by endoscopy for detecting changes of tumor size and morphology up to June 2015. The analysis indexes included tumor location and size, performance of MSCT examination (tumor shape, density, margin, intussusceptions, enhanced MSCT examination), intraoperative findings, results of pathological examination and results of follow-up. Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as ±s. Results All the 96 patients received MSCT plain scan and the 42 received enhanced MSCT scan. The CPR images in 30 patients were collected. (1) Tumor location and size: 3 tumors were located in the stomach, 16 in the duodenal, 27 in the jejunum, 23 in the ileal, 2 in the ileocecus, 9 in the sigmoid colon, 9 in the ascending colon, 3 in the descending colon, 3 in the transverse colon and 1 in the appendix. The diameter of tumor was (3.8±2.3)cm. (2) Performance of MSCT examination: of the 96 patients, round or oval tumors were detected in 68 patients, tubular tumors in 15 patients and lobulated tumors in 13 patients. Tumors showed homogeneous density in 67 patients and inhomogeneous density in 29 patients. The CT value of tumors was -110--53 HU with a median value of -80 HU. Tumors of the 96 patients had clear boundaries and smooth margins. Twenty-four patients were complicated with intussusceptions with nested length of (28±4)cm, including 10 cases of multiple concentric rings , 7 cases of double-target sign and 7 cases of banana sign . Enhanced MSCT scan showed that capsule around tumors in the 96 patients demonstrated slightly intensified, tumor body demonstrated no enhancement and that angiolipoma in 10 patients had cable strip like enhancement in the tumors. (3) Intraoperative findings: of the 96 patients, 59 patients underwent surgical resection with single tumor, 24 patients were concomitant with intussusceptions, 9 patients showed aphtha in the center of tumors and 1 patient had partial lipoma in the prepyloric region dropped into the duodenal. Thirty-seven patients received endoscopic examination, showing submucous nodular protrusive lesions of 1.7-3.5 cm. (4) Results of pathological examination: of 59 patients undergoing surgical resection, submucosal, subserous and intramural tumors were detected in 45, 9 and 5 patients, respectively, with complete capsule and pedunculated or non-pedunculated. Of the 59 patients, tumors showed round or oval shape in 41 patients, tubular shape in 10 patients and lobulated shape in 8 patients. The section of tumors showed yellowish-white. Specimens from endoscopic and surgical resections were observed under microscopy, the tumors were composed of mature-differentiated adipocytes, different quantities of fibrous connective tissues, blood vessels and mucus ingredients. Tumor cells were round shape with hypochromatic cytoplast and became polygeal and vacuolated after squeezing, nucleus was compressed to peripheral area and cytoplasm was full of lipid droplets. The results of immunohistochemistry stain showed Vimentin, CD34, D2-40, CD68 were positive and AE1/3 and Calretinin were negative. All tumors were diagnosed as benign lipomas. Fifty-nine patients who underwent surgical resection were followed up for 0.5-5.0 years and 37 patients of which specimens were obstained by endoscopic resection were followed up for 1.0-2.0 years after the pathological diagnosis with no significant change. Conclusion The MSCT finding of the gastrointestinal lipoma has characteristic appearance, and MSCT examination can clearly show lipoma location, size, shape and properties, with a widespread application value. Key words: Lipoma, gastrointestinal tract; Tomography, X-ray computed

64-Slice spiral computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction in the diagnosis of cystic pancreatic tumors.

The present study aimed to describe the characteristics of cystic pancreatic tumors using computed tomography (CT) and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of post-imaging three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. Clinical and imaging data, including multi-slice spiral CT scans, enhanced scans and multi-faceted reconstruction, from 30 patients with pathologically confirmed cystic pancreatic tumors diagnosed at the Linyi People's Hospital between August 2008 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Following the injection of Ultravist® 300 contrast agent, arterial, portal venous and parenchymal phase scans were obtained at 28, 60 and 150 sec, respectively, and 3D reconstructions of the CT images were generated. The average age of the patients was 38.4 years (range, 16-77 years), and the cohort included 5 males and 25 females (ratio, 1:5). The patients included 8 cases of mucinous cystadenoma (DA), 80%]; 9 cases of cystadenocarcinoma (DA, 84%); 6 cases of serous cystadenoma (DA, 100%); 3 cases of solid pseudopapillary tumor (DA, 100%); and 4 cases of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (DA, 100%). 3D reconstructions of CT images were generated and, in the 4 cases of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, the tumor was connected to the main pancreatic duct and multiple mural nodules were detected in one of these cases. The DA of the 3D-reconstructed images of cystic pancreatic tumors was 89.3%. The 64-slice spiral CT and 3D-reconstructed CT images facilitated the visualization of cystic pancreatic tumor characteristics, in particular the connections between the tumor and the main pancreatic duct. In conclusion, the 3D reconstruction of multi-slice CT data may provide an important source of information for the surgical team, in combination with the available clinical data.

Estimation of coronary artery calcium by multislice spiral CT scan in asymptomatic high risk cases above forty (40) years of age

Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity and family history of coronary artery disease are among known risk factors of coronary artery disease. Computed tomography (CT) quantifies the relative burden of CAC deposits as a marker of atherosclerosis. Methodology: This was a case control study conducted at Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur from June 2004 to June 2006, with aim to find out the utility of multislice spiral computed tomographic (CT) scan for detection of coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic coronary high risk cases and attempts has been made to correlate CAC Score with various risk factors and has been compared with CAC Score of controls Results: The maximum numbers of cases were in group of 41-50 years (n=31, 53.4%). The male to female ratio was 1.52:1. Among the risk factors studied, dyslipidemia (65.5%) was most common risk factor. Mean CAC score of all cases was significantly higher than, mean CAC score of all controls (p value= 0.0004). There was a progressive increase in the mean CAC score with increasing age. When all the risk factors were individually compared with controls, all showed higher CAC score and all the differences were statistically highly significant. Conclusion: Coronary artery calcium increases with increasing age and male sex. It also increases with presence of major risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Hence, multislice spiral CT scan, being a non-invasive test can be recommended as a screening test for demonstrating significant atherosclerosis in susceptible subjects even when asymptomatic. Keywords: Coronary artery diseases, Coronary artery calcium, Ct scan risk factors

Cone beam computed tomography-based models versus multislice spiral computed tomography-based models for assessing condylar morphology

To quantitatively compare condylar morphology using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) virtual three-dimensional surface models. The sample consisted of secondary data analyses of CBCT and MSCT scans obtained for clinical purposes from 74 patients treated with condylar resection and prosthetic joint replacement. Three-dimensional surface models of 146 condyles were constructed from each scan modality. Across-subject models were approximated and voxel-based registration was performed between homologous CBCT and MSCT images, making it possible to create average CBCT- and MSCT-based condylar models. SPHARM-PDM software provided matching points on each corresponding model. ShapeAnalysisMANCOVA software assessed statistically significant differences between observers and imaging modalities. One-sample t-tests evaluated the null hypothesis that the mean differences between each CBCT- and MSCT-based model were not clinically significant (<.5 mm). Tests were conducted at a significance level of P < .05. ShapeAnalysisMANCOVA showed no statistically significant difference between the average CBCT- and MSCT-based models (P > .68). During pairwise comparison, the mean difference observed was .406 mm (SD, .173). One sample t-test showed that mean differences between each set of paired CBCT- and MSCT-based models were not clinically significant (P = .411). Three-dimensional surface models constructed from CBCT images are comparable to those derived from MSCT scans and may be considered reliable tools for assessing condylar morphology.