Multisim Circuit Research Articles

Dynamics and Implementation of FPGA for Memristor-Coupled Fractional-Order Hopfield Neural Networks

The coupling between neurons can lead to diverse neural network architectures, with the Hopfield neural network (HNN) being particularly noteworthy for its resemblance to human brain function and its potential in modeling chaotic systems. This paper introduces a novel approach: a fractional-order HNN coupled with a hyperbolic tangent-type memristor. Initially, we propose a new model for the hyperbolic tangent-type memristor and fingerprints. Subsequently, we construct a memristor-coupled fractional-order Hopfield neural network (mFOHNN) and explore its dynamic behavior using various analytical tools, including phase diagrams, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent diagrams, Poincaré maps, and attractor basins. Our findings reveal rich coexisting bifurcation behavior in the neural network model, influenced by different initial values of coexisting attractors. Finally, we validate the model through analysis and implementation using Multisim circuit simulation software and FPGA hardware, respectively.

A realizable chaotic system with interesting sets of equilibria, characteristics, and its underactuated predefined-time sliding mode control

This paper presents a new 4D chaotic system having both single-scroll and double-scroll, self-excited and hidden attractors with the variation of system parameters. The proposed system exhibits several equilibrium points and their associated attractors. There are four interseting sets of equilibria with self-excited and hidden attractors. The system characteristics are demonstrated using phase plots, bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. Offset boosting, amplitude control, the coexistence of attractors and antimonotonicity are demonstrated by the new system. Further, a predefined-time sliding mode controller with three control inputs for a 4D system is designed for successful synchronization between the two identical master and slave systems. Such an underactuated controller for synchronization is seldom seen in the literature. The developed 4D chaotic system is realized first using the NI Multisim circuit simulator and then in an NI Academic RIO hardware platform. The outcomes validate the numerical results.

Coexisting firing patterns and attractor selection in memristive synapse coupled heterogeneous neurons

In this paper, we present a novel heterogeneous neuron network involving the coupling of a two-dimensional (2D) continuous Rulkov model with a 2D Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) neuron via memristive synapse. The present memristive coupled neuron network can produce an infinite number of coexisting hidden attractors with the same shape but located at different positions in the phase space, resulting in the interesting phenomenon of hidden homogeneous extreme multistability. Firstly, we study complex dynamical behaviors in detail through bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, time series and phase portraits. Secondly, to select the desired firing pattern, a control method based on the feedback term is applied to the model. It is observed that the addition of this space-dependent feedback term to the dynamic equation of this model effectively eliminates all undesired firing patterns among the coexisting ones, and drives the heterogeneous neuron network to transition from coexisting hidden firing patterns to the expected firing pattern. Finally, Multisim circuit simulation is performed and the results are in line with numerical simulation.

Generation multi-scroll chaotic attractors using composite sine function and its application in image encryption

In this paper, a composite sine function is proposed and applied in a chaotic system, which is capable of generating definite number of chaotic attractors. The proposed composite sine function possesses infinite breakpoints, but it can produce a fixed number of scrolls by adjusting its parameters. Compared to other chaotic systems with multiple scrolls chaotic attractors, the realization circuit of the chaotic system with compound sine function allows obtaining different numbers of scrolls by adjusting only one resistance value. As a result, the circuit structure remains unchanged despite variations in the number of scrolls. Various analytical methods are applied to study the dynamical behaviors of the proposed chaotic system, including Lyapunov exponent, equilibrium point, bifurcation diagram, phase diagram, spectral entropy and C0-algorithm. Furthermore, based on the analysis of dynamical characteristics, the electronic circuits of the proposed system are given on Multisim circuit simulation software, and the multi-scroll chaotic attractors exhibit consistency with the numerical simulation results. Finally, we incorporated the proposed chaotic system into a Deoxyribonucleic acid coding algorithm for image encryption, and this method exhibits excellent encryption efficiency and high level of security.

Construction of an acoustic information transmission system of a horizontal directional drilling device

Currently, the constant growth in the volume of the horizontal directional drilling procedure dictates the improvement of the drilling technology and the technical requirements. One of the important technical requirements for the horizontal directional drilling device is the transmission of information about drilling parameters to the operator (depth, rotation angle, inclination angle). The solution to this problem is possible with the help of measuring systems installed inside the drilling head. Traditionally, in real drilling conditions, three communication channels are distinguished: electrically conductive, hydraulic and electromagnetic, each of which has some advantages and disadvantages. The use of acoustic waves excited in the internal space of the drilling head and propagating in the material of the drilling column to the receiver allows to eliminate the disadvantages of the listed communication channels and ensure the highest quality horizontal directional drilling procedure. The paper investigates the acoustic method of information transmission in a horizontal directional drilling device. An acoustic system for positioning a drilling tool has been developed, which provides the transmission of information about the coordinates of the drilling head. The acoustic channel of information transmission has been studied in terms of constructing its structural components: the design of the probe-transmitter (electromechanical transducer) has been developed, as well as the hardware of the system. In order to determine the requirements for the modulator-demodulator of signals of an acoustic information transmission channel, the propagation of an information package was simulated taking into account the resonant properties of the converter using the Multisim circuit simulation program. Thus, the use of an acoustic system for monitoring and transmitting information about the positioning of the drilling head makes it possible to abandon expensive contact methods for determining the position of the drilling head, which give point information and require a lot of time. The proposed acoustic information transmission channel allows for tight acoustic contact between the protective container and the drilling column to eliminate power losses, increases the efficiency of the device and reduces the loss of a useful signal during its propagation and also simplifies the operation of the device. As a result, the developed acoustic system provides an opportunity to perform the highest-quality horizontal directional drilling procedure with the necessary requirements for the volume of transmitted information and stability of operation in complex noise-signal conditions, which eliminates the disadvantages of previously used methods.

A Simulation Analysis of The Failure Mode of Series Stabilized Voltage Circuit with Restricted Electric Current Protection

This paper uses the failure simulation function of multisim circuit simulation software to analyzes the characteristics of the fault mode of the series stabilized voltage circuit in normal state and three common limit tube breakdown, stabilizer breakdown and adjusting tube breakdown. Combined with the theoretical calculation of the circuit parameters in each fault mode,the correctness of the simulation analysis is verified.

Analysis of I-V on Basic Electrical Circuit Using Ni Multisim App in Apply Physics

Utilization of the NI Multisim application is useful for designing a circuit, starting with designing schematic circuits and analyzing and simulating. Increasing the use of technology so that it is very much needed in physics learning at the Polytechnic of Maritime Sciences on electrical circuit material. This study aims to measure and characterize I-V currents in an electrical circuit by comparison with laboratories and multisim applications. Research activities were carried out using the I-V Current and Voltage comparison analysis method using theory in the manual formula, practice with the circuit kit, and NI Multisim simulation by building a circuit scheme on circuit composition namely resistance, voltage source, and using voltage measuring instruments and current measuring instruments which are all regulated in such a way concerning the theory of electric circuits. The results of this study are that there is a difference in the total resistance value between the values in the circuit kit module practice with the use of Multisim. But the difference is very slight with an error of about 1% for series circuits, and about 4.4% for parallel circuits. Voltage values in series circuits using NI Multisim circuit kits and applications have differences with errors ranging from 0 to 3.3 %. The comparison of the voltage values in direct measurements of the circuit kit and the NI Multisim simulation has the lowest error of 0% and the highest of 20% at the 6V source in R2.

Nonlinear distributed-order models: Adaptive synchronization, image encryption and circuit implementation

The main aim of present work is to investigate the dynamics of the chaotic nonlinear distributed order Lü model (DOLM). The distributed order (DO) derivative is used for describing the viscoelasticity of various technical models and materials. The modified spectral numerical method is used to evaluate the numerical solutions for DOLM. Using nonlinear feedback control and the Lyapunov direct approach, the adaptive synchronization of two chaotic distributed order models (DOMs) is presented. We state a theorem to drive analytical controllers which are used to achieve our synchronization. The DOLM is introduced as an example of DOMs to verify the validity of our analytical results. Numerical computations are displayed to show the agreement between both analytical and numerical results. The DOMs appear in many applications in engineering and physics, e.g., image encryption and electronic circuits (ECs). Based on our proposed synchronization, the encryption and decryption of color images are studied. Information entropy, visual analysis and histograms are calculated, together with the experimental results of image encryption and decryption. We design the EC of the DOLM using the Multisim circuit simulator for the first time to our knowledge. Using electronic circuit simulation, we achieved the same results for the numerical treatment of our synchronization. Other ECs can be similarly designed for other DOMs.

Physics-Informed Long-Short-Term Memory Neural Network for Parameters Estimation of Nonlinear Systems

This paper proposes a physics-informed long-short-term memory neural network optimisation method to estimate all parameters of an arbitrary nonlinear system initialised using any initial conditions. Although the technique is applicable for parameters' estimation of any nonlinear system, in this paper, two well-known chaotic systems are considered with different initial conditions. The three-dimensional Lorenz chaotic system and the four-dimensional Rössler hyperchaotic system are considered. The Lorenz system exhibits stable, chaotic and periodic behaviours for some sets of parameters. Thus, different sets of parameters of the Lorenz system are individually estimated, leading to stable, periodic and chaotic behaviours. In 10000 epochs, the stable and periodic parameters' estimation accuracy is more than 99%; in 15000 epochs, chaotic parameters' estimation accuracy is more than 99%. Upto same epochs, physics-informed neural network is employed for parameter estimation of stable, periodic and chaotic behaviours of the Lorenz system. The comparison results of estimated parameters are shown with dataset obtained using ode45. Next, Circuit realisation of the Lorenz system is done and the dataset is obtained using multisim circuit simulation for stable, chaotic and periodic behaviour. The proposed physics-informed long-short-term memory neural network is used to obtain parameters from the practical data. Then, the estimation of the Lorenz system with a continuum variation of parameters' sets from stable to chaotic to stable behaviours is successfully achieved using the proposed physics-informed long-short-term memory neural network. Finally, the hyperchaotic Rössler system parameters are successfully estimated using the proposed technique with more than 99% accuracy in 20000 epochs.

Dynamics and Circuit Implementation of a 4D Memristive Chaotic System with Extreme Multistability

In this paper, a four-dimensional chaotic system based on a flux-controlled memristor with cosine function is constructed. It has infinitely many equilibria. By changing the initial values [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the system and keeping the parameters constant, we obtained the distribution of infinitely many single-wing and double-wing attractors along the [Formula: see text]-coordinate, which verifies the initial-offset boosting behavior of the system. Then the complex dynamical behavior of the system is studied in detail through the phase portraits of coexisting attractors, the average value of state variables, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, bifurcation diagram, attraction basin and the complexity of spectral entropy (SE). In addition, the simulation of the Multisim circuit is also carried out, and the results of numerical simulation and analog circuit simulation are consistent. Finally, the chaotic sequence generated by the system is applied to image encryption, and according to the performance analysis, the proposed chaotic system has good security performance.

Акустический способ передачи информации в устройстве горизонтального направленного бурения

An acoustic method has been developed for transmitting information about the coordinates of the drill head during the operation of a horizontal directional drilling device during the project laying of communications. The paper considers the traditional technology of horizontal directional drilling, and the electromagnetic method of transmitting information in trenchless laying of communications. An acoustic channel for information transmission has been studied in terms of asynchronous data transmission. The temporal structure of the signal, as well as the structure of the byte issued in acoustic transmission of information, have been developed. The optimal operating frequency of the transceiver system was chosen and the capacity of the acoustic information transmission channel was evaluated. The requirements for the modulator-demodulator of signals of an acoustic information transmission system are determined, the simulation of the propagation of an information package is carried out, taking into account the resonant properties of the converter using the Multisim circuit simulation package. For modeling, an equivalent circuit has been developed that forms an information package in the form of a chess code.

Four-dimensional Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model with hidden firing multistability based on two memristors

Since memristors can be used to describe electromagnetic induction effects, this paper proposes a novel 4D HindMarsh-Rose (HR) neuron model based on two flux-controlled memristors to show complex dynamics of neuronal electrical activity. It has no equilibrium point, revealing hidden dynamical behaviors. The complex dynamics of the system are illustrated by phase portraits, the time sequences, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents spectra. The presented 4D HR neuron model can produce coexisting multiple hidden firing patterns, for instance, periodic spiking, chaotic spiking, transient chaotic spiking, periodic bursting, chaotic bursting, transient chaotic bursting, stochastic bursting, and transient stochastic bursting. Besides, rich nonlinear dynamics, such as anti-monotonicity and initial offset boosting, are also found. Finally, Multisim circuit simulation is performed and the results are in accordance with numerical simulation.

Symmetric extreme multistability and memristor initial-offset boosting in a new 5D four-wing hyperchaotic system based on dual memristors

Based on a 5D two-wing hyperchaotic system with dual memristors, a new unified 5D four-wing hyperchaotic system based on dual memristors is proposed, which has four cases and can exhibit three different structures of four-wing attractors. This paper studies the dynamic behaviors of one of these cases by the phase diagrams, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, etc. Of particular surprise, this system has a space equilibrium and can exhibit the two groups of extreme multistability phenomenon of symmetric distribution about the origin. In addition, the striking and complex memristor initial boosting behaviors are investigated in this paper, which shows that the interesting phenomenon is nonlinear and different attractor structures with four-wing and two-wing. When a single parameter is changed, the initial boosting behavior has obvious changes, indicating the memristive initial conditions and parameters have an important influence on the position shift of the attractors. Finally, the new four-wing system is realized by Multisim circuit simulation, which verifies the feasibility of the new system.

A memristive non-smooth dynamical system with coexistence of bimodule periodic oscillation

In order to explore the burstingoscillations and the formation mechanism of memristive non-smooth systems, a third-order memristor model and an external periodic excitation are introduced into a non-smooth dynamical system, and a novel 4D memristive non-smooth system withtwo-timescale is established. The system is divided into two different subsystems by a non-smooth interface, which can be used to simulate the scenario where a memristor encounters a non-smooth circuit in practical application circuits. Three different bursting patterns and bifurcation mechanisms are analyzed with the time series, the corresponding phase portraits, the equilibrium bifurcation diagrams, and the transformed phase portraits. Itispointedthatnotonly the stability of the equilibrium trajectory butalso the non-smooth interface mayinfluence the bursting phenomenon, resulting in the sudden jumping of the trajectory and non-smooth bifurcation at the non-smooth interface. In particular, the coexistence of bimodule periodic oscillations at the non-smooth interface can be observed in this system. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is well verified by the numerical simulation and Multisim circuit simulation. This paper is of great significance for the future analysis and engineering application of the memristor in non-smooth circuits.

A new fractional-order chaos system of Hopfield neural network and its application in image encryption

In this work, we propose a new fractional-order chaotic system based on the model of 4-neurons-based Hopfield Neural Network (HNN). By using Adomain decomposition method, the proposed fractional-order chaotic system is solved. With the orders changing, the proposed fractional-order system shows rich dynamical characteristics. Then, based on the pseudo-random numbers (PRNs) generated by the proposed system, a new construction method of multiple hash index chain is designed. And a new image encryption algorithm is designed according to the multiple hash index chain. The safety test results show that the design encryption algorithm has higher security performance. Finally, the 4-neurons-based HNN fractional-order system is implemented by Multisim circuit simulation. The experimental results show the feasibility of the theoretical analysis.

Modelling, bifurcation analysis and multistability of a new 4D hyperchaotic system with no balance point, its master-slave synchronisation and MultiSim circuit simulation

Modelling, bifurcation analysis and multistability of a new 4D hyperchaotic system with no balance point, its master-slave synchronisation and MultiSim circuit simulation

Modelling, bifurcation analysis and multistability of a new 4D hyperchaotic system with no balance point, its master-slave synchronisation and MultiSim circuit simulation

This research manuscript focuses on the modelling, bifurcation analysis and multistability of a new four-dimensional hyperchaotic system with no balance point. The proposed hyper chaos system has four quadratic nonlinear terms and three parameters. We perform a detailed bifurcation analysis of the hyper chaos system and illustrate that it has coexisting hyperchaotic attractors. The proposed system has no balance point, and it is equipped with hidden attractors. Using integral sliding mode control, we derive control results for the global hyper chaos synchronisation of a pair of hyper chaos systems and MATLAB plots are shown as illustrations. Finally, circuit simulations of the new 4D hyperchaotic system with no balance point are carried out using MultiSim.

A simple multi-stable chaotic jerk system with two saddle-foci equilibrium points: analysis, synchronization via backstepping technique and MultiSim circuit design

<span>This paper announces a new three-dimensional chaotic jerk system with two saddle-focus equilibrium points and gives a dynamic analysis of the properties of the jerk system such as Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, Kaplan-Yorke dimension and equilibrium points. By modifying the Genesio-Tesi jerk dynamics (1992), a new jerk system is derived in this research study. The new jerk model is equipped with multistability and dissipative chaos with two saddle-foci equilibrium points. By invoking backstepping technique, new results for synchronizing chaos between the proposed jerk models are successfully yielded. MultiSim software is used to implement a circuit model for the new jerk dynamics. A good qualitative agreement has been shown between the MATLAB simulations of the theoretical chaotic jerk model and the MultiSIM results</span>

A new 2-D multi-stable chaotic attractor and its MultiSim electronic circuit design

<span>A new multi-stable system with a double-scroll chaotic attractor is developed in this paper. Signal plots are simulated using MATLAB and multi-stability is established by showing two different coexisting double-scroll chaotic attractors for different states and same set of parameters. Using integral sliding control, synchronized chaotic attractors are achieved between drive-response chaotic attractors. A MultiSim circuit is designed for the new chaotic attractor, which is useful for practical engineering realizations.</span>

Application and Simulation of Fourier Analysis in Communication Circuit

This article mainly studies the application of Fourier analysis theory in wireless communication circuits. Firstly, the relevant basic theories of Fourier analysis are introduced, including the decomposition of periodic signal, the modulation characteristic of Fourier transform, and the system function; then the relevant applications of Fourier theory in communication circuits are introduced, such as high-frequency resonant power amplifier, amplitude modulation, demodulation and mixing, low-pass filter. Finally, the application of Fourier theory in communication circuits is simulated and analyzed through Multisim circuit simulation software.