Multisegmental Fractures Research Articles

Closed reduction and percutaneous double K-wires internal fixation for the treatment of multisegmental fracture of humeral shaft

To observe the clinical effects of closed reduction and percutaneous double K-wires internal fixation in treating multisegmental fracture of humeral shaft. From January 2009 to April 2015, 27 patients with multisegmental fracture of humeral shaft were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous double K-wires internal fixation, including 10 males and 17 females, ranging in age from 26 to 81 years with an average of 52 years;the disease course ranged from 2 hours to 6 days with an average of 1.5 days. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, fracture healed time, complications were observed and recovery of shoulder joint function was evaluated by Constant-Murley shoulder score. All the patients were followed up from 12 to 24 weeks with an average of 16 weeks. Operative time was 20 to 40 min with an average of 28 min; intraoperative blood loss was 5 to 25 ml with an average of 10 ml;hospital stay was 3 to 5 days with an average of 3.5 days. All fractures got bone healing and healed time was 12 to 22 weeks with average of 14 weeks. Postoperatively 1 case complicated with wire tail bulging and local irritation symptoms, and the symptoms disappeared when the wire was removed out after the fracture healing; 1 case complicated with local infection after wire tail disengaging, and recovered through anti-septic treatment. According to the Constant-Murley standard of shoulder joint function, 10 cases got excellent results, 15 good, 2 fair, with scores of 89.1±2.7. Closed reduction and percutaneous double K-wires fixation for the treatment of multisegmental fractures of humeral shaft have advantages of simpler manipulating, less bleeding, less invasive, less complications, and shoulder and elbow joint can obtain good recovery. But closed reduction and percutaneous double K-wires internal fixation cannot be effective against rotation and provide axial stability, the immoblization with a sling or other auxiliary methods should be applied.

Double segmental tibial fractures—an unusual fracture pattern

AbstractA case of a 50-year-old pedestrian who was hit by a bike and suffered fractures of both bones of his right leg was presented. Complete clinical and radiographic assessment showed double segmental fractures of the tibia and multisegmental fractures of the fibula. Review of the literature revealed that this fracture pattern was unique and only a single case was reported so far. Moreover, we discussed the possible mechanisms which can lead to such an injury. We also discussed the management of segmental tibial fracture and the difficulties encountered with them. This case was managed by modern osteosynthesis technique with a pleasing outcome.

Outcome analysis of retrograde nailing and less invasive stabilization system in distal femoral fractures: A retrospective analysis

Background:Two major therapeutic principles can be employed for the treatment of distal femoral fractures: retrograde intramedullary (IM) nailing (RN) or less invasive stabilization on system (LISS). Both operative stabilizing systems follow the principle of biological osteosynthesis. IM nailing protects the soft-tissue envelope due to its minimally invasive approach and closed reduction techniques better than distal femoral locked plating. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare outcome of distal femur fracture stabilization using RN or LISS techniques.Materials and Methods:In a retrospective study from 2003 to 2008, we analyzed 115 patients with distal femur fracture who had been treated by retrograde IM nailing (59 patients) or LISS plating (56 patients). In the two cohort groups, mean age was 54 years (17–89 years). Mechanism of injury was high energy impact in 57% (53% RN, 67% LISS) and low-energy injury in 43% (47% RN, 33% LISS), respectively. Fractures were classified according to AO classification: there were 52 type A fractures (RN 31, LISS 21) and 63 type C fractures (RN 28, LISS 35); 32% (RN) and 56% (LISS) were open and 68% (RN) and 44% (LISS) were closed fractures, respectively. Functional and radiological outcome was assessed.Results:Clinical and radiographic evaluation demonstrated osseous healing within 6 months following RN and following LISS plating in over 90% of patients. However, no statistically significant differences were found for the parameters time to osseous healing, rate of nonunion, and postoperative complications. The following complications were treated: hematoma formation (one patient RN and three patients LISS), superficial infection (one patient RN and three patients LISS), deep infection (2 patients LISS). Additional secondary bone grafting for successful healing 3 months after the primary operation was required in four patients in the RN (7% of patients) and six in the LISS group (10% of patients). Accumulative result of functional outcome using the Knee and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS) score demonstrated in type A fractures a score of 263 (RN) and 260 (LISS), and in type C fractures 257 (RN) and 218 (LISS). Differences between groups for type A were statistically insignificant, statistical analysis for type C fractures between the two groups are not possible, since in type C2 and C3 fractures only LISS plating was performed.Conclusion:Both retrograde IM nailing and angular stable plating are adequate treatment options for distal femur fractures. Locked plating can be used for all distal femur fractures including complex type C fractures, periprosthetic fractures, as well as osteoporotic fractures. IM nailing provides favorable stability and can be successfully implanted in bilateral or multisegmental fractures of the lower extremity as well as in extra-articular fractures. However, both systems require precise preoperative planning and advanced surgical experience to reduce the risk of revision surgery. Clinical outcome largely depends on surgical technique rather than on the choice of implant.

Non-Transfusion orthopaedic Surgery in complicated fractures among Jehovah’s witnesses in Calabar, Nigeria: Case report

We report two cases of unusually complicated fractures in indigent Jehovah’s witnesses that were treated at the university of Calabar teaching hospital without any form of blood transfusion. CASE REPORTS CASE ONE A fifty-two year old male Jehovah witness presented to our facility with bilateral multisegmental fractures of the femur following a road traffic accident. After resuscitation and while plans were concluded on operative management of the fractures, patient left against medical advice. He reappeared two years later with multisegmental malunions and nonunions in both femurs. This time he came with severe hypertension (BP range 180/120-210/160). His haemoglobin was 7g/dl (PCV 29%) on admission but rose to 14 grams within 6 weeks of administering erythropoietin, dextran, and vitamin C. Patient also refused autologous transfusion. After the first open osteoclasis, reduction and plating his haemoglobin dropped to 7.5 g/dl and similar protocol of building up his haemoglobin was adopted before the second stage of operation. His major problems were: Poverty; but for the help from members of the 1. Jehovah witness congregation, he had no funds to carry out the least investigation (Urinalysis)

Self-locking intramedullary pins for treatment of multi-segmental fractures of femur and tibia

目的 探讨应用自锁型带锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨多段粉碎性骨折的疗效.方法 2001年3月～2004年8月采用自锁型带锁髓钉治疗38例股骨、胫骨多段粉碎性骨折患者,其中股骨13例,胫骨25例,按照AO分型均为C2型;闭合性骨折17例,开放性骨折21例.结果 35例患者获1～3年(平均2年)随访.所有患者均获骨性愈合,其中30例患者骨折愈合(85.7%),5例患者延迟愈合(14.2%),骨折愈合时间平均为18周(11～25周).未见骨折畸形愈合.并发症:1例锁钉断裂,3例浅表感染,2例局部皮肤坏死,1例骨感染.结论 自锁型带锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨多段骨折,固定坚强、骨折愈合率高,是一种较好的内固定方法。

Characteristics and surgical treatment of upper- middle thoracic fracture and dislocation

目的 总结分析中上胸椎骨折脱位的临床特点及手术治疗的效果.方法对28例中上胸椎骨折脱位患者的临床资料进行了回顾性分析研究.陈旧骨折12例,新鲜骨折16例.21例合并多发创伤或多发骨折,24例为多节段骨折.根据AO骨折分类:B型12例,C型16例.手术治疗包括后路减压植骨融合加椎弓根内固定13例(新鲜),前路减压植骨融合加内固定12例(陈旧10例,新鲜2例),前后联合入路3例(陈旧2例,新鲜1例).结果20例获得随访,时间12～48个月,平均32.5个月.其中12例术前FrankelA级者无1例改善,非A级者4例有一级改善,4例无变化,无内固定失败.结论中上胸椎骨折脱位的临床特点为损伤外力强大,脊柱、脊髓损伤严重,多发伤合并率高.对不稳定骨折即使是合并完全性脊髓损伤者,应尽量考虑早期手术减压并稳定脊柱,以利患者的早期康复治疗。

Treatment of femoral shaft comminuted fractures with interlocking intramedullary nail

目的 探讨使用交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎性骨折的手术方式选择、疗效.方法对1998年1月～2002年10月使用交锁髓内钉治疗67例(76肢)股骨干粉碎性骨折的疗效进行回顾性分析.手术采用闭合、小切口或有限切开复位,用三维瞄准器锁定骨折远近端.结果平均随访14.1个月,肢体、关节功能恢复优良率92.5%(62/67),一期骨折愈合率90.8%(69/76).平均骨临床愈合时间6.7个月.2例软组织感染,感染率2.6%,2例髓内钉断裂.结论交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎性骨折应常规静力固定,不剥离或少剥离骨膜,不强求解剖复位,尽量闭合复位、有限扩髓,是目前治疗股骨干粉碎性或多节段骨折的有效方法。