Multiplicity Of Partners Research Articles

Buschke-Lowenstein tumor of the penis

Buschke-Lowenstein (BLT) tumor or giant condyloma acuminatum (GCA) is a rare viral disease belonging to the group of verrucous carcinomas; the virus responsible is human papilloma virus (HPV) type 6 and 11 which is transmitted in humans by sexual contact. It is characterized by its extension within the surface layer and at depth, by its degenerative potential and by its recurrent nature after treatment. Therapy is based on surgery. We report the case of a 53-year old patient with a history of recurrent urethritis and a multiplicity of partners without homosexual encounters, presenting with a lesion at the level of the penis. The symptoms started three years before and were caused by a nonpainful budding tumor growing gradually at the level of the root of the penis resulting in tingling and bleeding. Clinical examination showed a dyschromic, infiltrating, cauliflower-like, papillomatous tumor measuring 13cm along its longer axis on the dorsal surface of the penis, with patchy ulcers and extending to the suprapubic region. The remainder of the clinical examination was normal and the assessment of sexually transmitted infection (STI) was negative. Treatment was based on complete surgical resection of the tumor. Soft tissue was covered by the surrounding skin. The anatomopathological study showed a giant genital wart without signs of malignancy. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient didn't develop tumor recurrence during a 5-year follow-up period.

The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS) 2015: Erectile Dysfunction Among English-Speaking Internet Users in the United States

Introduction: The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS) is an ongoing online epidemiologic study of male and female sexuality launched across the globe. The first launch was in the Middle East in 2010 followed by USA in 2011. This is the report on trends in male sexuality and prevalence and risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED) in USA; 2015.Patients and Methods: English-speaking web surfers in the USA were recruited for GOOS 2015 by an international online survey service provider, with age and ethnicity distribution matching that of the general US population. A total of 100 questions were offered to the participants, including the abbreviated international index of erectile function, risk factors for ED, ejaculatory function, therapeutic trends, sexual preferences and sexual orientation.Results: A total of 610 men with a median age of 44 years (range 18-82). Of the participants, 90.2% described themselves as exclusively or predominantly heterosexual and 52.3% were married whereas 20.1% had multiple partners simultaneously, 54% had experienced one-night stands, with 33% never or rarely using condom on those occasions. ED was encountered in 55.4% of the participants. Some risk factors had a statistically significant influence on ED prevalence including diabetes, smoking, low desire, dissatisfaction with penile size and multiplicity of partners.Conclusion: ED seems to affect 55.4 % of males in USA; in 2015, with an association to diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypothyroidism, subjective impression of having premature ejaculation, low desire, difficult urination, smoking, dissatisfaction with penile size and multiplicity of partners, with emphasis on online cohorts being heavily weighted towards younger and better educated individuals (only 2.1% in the age of 60 and up).

Identification and Cytoprotective Function of a Novel Nestin Isoform, Nes-S, in Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons

In this study, the first nestin isoform, Nes-S, was identified in neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of adult rats. Nes-S cannot form filaments by itself in cytoplasmic intermediate filament-free SW13 cells. Instead, it co-assembles into filaments with vimentin when transfected into vimentin(+) SW13 cells, and with peripherin and neurofilament proteins when transfected into N2a cells. In primary DRG neurons, endogenous Nes-S co-assembles with peripherin and neurofilament proteins. The expression of Nes-S first appears in DRG at postnatal day 5 and persists to adulthood. Among the adult tissues we examined, the expression of Nes-S is restricted to the sensory and motor neurons. Finally, exogenous Nes-S enhances viability when transfected into N2a cells, and knockdown of endogenous Nes-S impairs the survival of DRG neurons in primary cultures. Taken together, Nes-S is a new neuronal intermediate filament protein that exerts a cytoprotective function in mature sensory and motor neurons.

Clonal MLL Fusions with a Signature of Activation Induced Cytidine Deaminase Activity,

Abstract 3444The MLL gene, encoding a histone methyl transferase, fuses with multiple different partner genes and is a common finding in patients with AML and ALL. This multiplicity of partners is in stark contrast to other fusion oncogenes such as BCR-ABL in CML or PML-RARA in APL, where fusions between the same genes predominate and which has aided the design of targeted therapy. In order to understand the fusion process in more detail, a hot spot for both MLL cleavage and gene fusion adjacent to exon 12 was examined in a series of breast cancer and lymphoma patients, using inverse PCR (IPCR). All patients received chemotherapy containing drugs targeting Topoisomerase II and samples of blood were examined both before and after therapy. Of the fifty patients enrolled in the study a subset was also examined by IPCR, parallel sequencing and custom bioinformatic analysis. The advantage of this approach is that all possible rearrangements may be examined within a single sample. In addition, the technique also records all sequences at the same location that are uninvolved in a translocation. The blood of three out of four patients examined in this way contained no evidence of MLL rearrangements. However in one patient, with a diagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma, a total of thirteen MLL rearrangements were identified that were present prior to therapy. The majority of the fusions were detected for up to 6 months after the end of chemotherapy indicating they were likely of clonal origin. Of the thirteen fusions, five were predicted to provide functional fusion proteins and these included MLL-MLLT3 (AF9), the most common MLL fusion in myeloid leukemia. The remaining fusions predicted to generate functional proteins involved USP46, FER1L5, CCNJL and NKD1. None of these have been previously identified in clinical specimens of MLL linked disease. However, NKD1 is a negative regulator of the WNT pathway that has been linked to the maintenance of the stem cell phenotype in AML.In order to understand the fusion process in more detail, each fusion breakpoint was examined. All thirteen MLL fusions contained microhomology at the breakpoint, ranging from 1 to 6 bp, indicating NHEJ as the likely pathway generating the fusions. Though the presence of microhomology masked the precise breakpoint, using the 3’ edge of microhomology as a reference, eight of the thirteen rearrangements were clustered within a 5 bp tract at the base of a putative stem-loop structure, as we have reported before. Such a restricted distribution of breakpoints found within a clonal population suggests a common mechanism is involved in either cleavage, and/or fusion, at this location. In order to address the mechanism driving these rearrangements, a screen of all sequenced material was undertaken. It was observed that within the residual sequenced material, a selective increase in C>T transitions were noted for two cytosines located within the 5bp breakpoint hotspot. The level of C>T transition was 50–100 fold higher than anywhere else within the sequence generated by IPCR. In addition, the region of C>T transition contained the WRC (A/T, A/G, C) motif characteristic of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) attack. AID deaminates cytosine leading to a uracil which may be repaired by uracil-DNA glycosylase and the base excision repair (BER) pathway. AID has been implicated in both DNA breaks, via the BER pathway, and a linked increase in translocations. If the BER pathway fails to execute appropriately, a C>T transition may occur as the aberrantly located uracil undergoes replication at the next division. The presence of extensive C>T transitions therefore is indicative of both AID function and defective repair pathway(s). These factors may explain both the extensive number of rearrangements observed in this patient and the legacy C>T transitions from multiple AID attacks. Disclosures:No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The World Heritage List: The making and management of a brand

The central contention of this paper is that the World Heritage Site (WHS) designation has over time evolved from a technical measure aimed exclusively at preservation into an acclaimed and widely respected brand that countries use to attract heritage tourists, and that tourists, in turn, rely on in selecting the destinations they will visit. The article adopts the definition of Kotler and Gertner (2002) that the two principal requirements of a place brand are a promise of quality and differentiation, requirements that the WHS designation fully meets. It then examines the special requirements and challenges of destination branding, noting in particular the multiple stakeholders involved and the often limited and divided management control that results from a multiplicity of partners. In the following section, the development of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) World Heritage program is traced from its origins as an emergency measure to save the Egyptian temples of Abu Simbel to the establishment of the inter-governmental World Heritage (WH) Committee in 1972 and the inauguration of the World Heritage (WH) List in 1978 (UNESCO, 2009). During the ensuing three decades, a total of 890 WHS designations have been conferred on natural and cultural sites in 148 lands. Lastly, the article looks at the management of the WHS brand at the international, national and site levels. It is concluded that the WH Committee is using the limited means available to it – particularly the designation process and the Endangered List—in a prudent and effective manner to preserve and enhance the WHS brand. At the national and particularly the site level, the data available are insufficient to draw definitive conclusions. Nonetheless, the WHS brand continues to be respected and valuable both to the WH sites that use it in their advertisements and to tourists who depend on it in selecting the destinations they will visit.

Avaliação do risco de câncer de colo uterino em trabalhadoras da indústria têxtil

This is a convergent care research, developed in 2004, carried out with a group of 105 workers of the textile industry, whose objective was to investigate and analyze the cytological diagnosis and the risk of cervical cancer. Most of women were married, had one sexual partner, 60% of them had around one and two children. As for the result of the cytology 9.5% presented class I and 87.6% class II. From the total 2.9% presented intraepithelial neoplasm, and 2.0% showed cytological changes induced by HPV infection. The risk factors observed for the development of gynecological cancer were: multiplicity of partners, smoking, and history of STD, multiparity, sexual precocity and presence of intraepithelial neoplasia.

Synemin isoforms during mouse development: Multiplicity of partners in vascular and neuronal systems

The intermediate filament (IF) synemin gene encodes three IF proteins (H 180, M 150, L 41 kDa isoforms) with overlapping distributions. In the present study we analysed the mRNA and protein expression of each isoform in developing mouse embryos. Synemin M mRNA was present as early as E5 with vimentin and nestin. Synemin H was found later at E9 in the nervous system and mesodermic derivatives concomitantly with angiogenesis, somitogenesis and the migration of neural crest cells. Synemin L appeared later in neurons at E15. Furthermore, the synemin isoforms required different IF partners depending on the cell type to form filamentous structures. In endothelial cells, synemin H/M were found associated with vimentin and were absent in vimentin-null mice. In neurons of the peripheral nervous system of E15 embryos, synemin H/M or L were co-expressed with neurofilament, peripherin and internexin. In adult mice, our data support the existence of different subpopulations of neurons within the dorsal root ganglia: one composed of small neurons containing synemin H/M and peripherin, and another composed of large neurons containing synemin L and neurofilaments. Axons devoid of neurofilaments from mutant mice (NFHLacZ) showed an absence of the L isoform but contained H/M isoforms with peripherin.

COMPORTAMENTOS DE RISCO PARA AS DOENÇAS SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISSÍVEIS EM ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARES DE BAIXA RENDA

Adolescents have been vulnerable to sexually transmissible diseases (STD) risk behaviors. The beginning of the sexual activity, the multiplicity of partners, the irregular use of condom, the consumption of alcoholic beverage and illicit drugs have been considered predictors for the STD. in order to identify the risk behaviors for STD in youth of an low income region adjacent the metropolitan area of Goiânia city, 223 schoolar adolescents were interviewed during November and December 2003. The means age of the first sexual intercourse was of 14.9 years and the average of partners along the life was 4.0. Of the total individuals, 44.1% reported irregular use or not use of condoms during sexual intercourse. Almost the totality (80.7%) mentioned alcohol consumption and 13.9% illicit drugs. There was a statistical difference among these risk behaviors and sex. Pregnant was reported by 14% of the female adolescents. The findings of this study suggest a high vulnerability for sexually transmissible diseases, and highlight the urgent necessity of health programs for this target group. KEYWORDS: Teen Health; School Health; Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

Why e‐business must evolve beyond market orientation: applying human interaction models to computer‐mediated corporate communications

Seeks to inform the design of corporate communications for e‐business. A critique of market orientation suggests that in the new paradigm of dynamically configured network organisations, a multiplicity of partners requires that the orientation must be broadened to allow dialogue to permeate and coordinate the network. It discusses the increasing importance of corporate interaction as companies virtualise. Underlying enablers of effective corporate dialogue are examined by comparing sociological and psychological theories of human interaction and relationship formation with organisational interaction theories of corporate relationship formation. The paper continues by examining human‐computer interaction and concludes by synthesising the literature to create a prototype construct to inform Web site design.

Value of re-interviewing in contact tracing.

The epidemiological importance of reinterviewing in contact tracing, using those treated for venereal is demonstrated. Interviewing as a preliminary to contact tracing is usually done by the physician in charge. When 160 patients with early syphilis failed to provide information on contacts, they were reinterviewed by a skilled interviewer trained in psychology and working in pleasant surroundings. The reinterviews brought 208 named contacts, 189 of whom were contacted and 88 of whom has syphilis. Women proved more cooperative in listing contacts; unmarried people were more cooperative than married. Reasons for patients giving inadequate information were often the casual nature of the sexual contact and, in the case of the young girls, the multiplicity of partners. This indicated the marked trend toward sexual promiscuity, especially among the young.