Multiple Mediation Effect Research Articles

Anxiety characteristic in air passengers: a cross-sectional analysis

Objective To examine characteristic and influencing factors of anxiety among air passengers and to provide evidences for improving service quality and health care during air travel. Methods A total of 2 526 air passengers were selected with simple random sampling at 10 airports in various regions of China and surveyed with Trait Anxiety Inventory, Simple Coping Style Scale, and an Anxiety Tendency Scale self-designed based on psychological needs of air passengers. Results The respondents’ mean scores were 38.85 ± 8.23 for trait-anxiety, 23.65 ± 5.44 for positive coping, 15.77 ± 3.92 for negative coping, and 70.33 ± 6.55 for anxiety tendency, respectively. The mean scores for major factors affecting the passengers’ anxiety were 4.01 ± 0.97 for the right to get the information on flight delays, 3.83 ± 0.92 for accommodation quality in case of flight delay, 3.68 ± 1.12 for flight punctuality rate, 3.62 ± 0.86 for smooth flight during takeoff and landing, and 3.57 ± 0.91 for good condition of checked baggage; the mean scores for passengers’ most desired to be improved anxietyrelated items were 4.43 ± 0.82 for safety and good condition of checked baggage , 4.28 ± 0.86 for timeliness for flight related notification, 4.27 ± 0.99 for accommodation quality, 4.25 ± 1.13 for the right to get the information on flight delays, and 4.14 ± 0.80 for commitment of flight delay compensation, respectively. Among the passengers, the trait-anxiety differed significantly by age, time of air travel, and travel destination ( all P < 0.001); the positive coping differed significantly by gender, age, and air travel frequency (all P < 0.05) and negative coping by gender, age, air travel frequency, time of air travel, and travel destination (all P < 0.01); the anxiety tendency differed significantly by gender, age, air travel frequency, time of air travel, and travel destination (all P < 0.001). There were significant correlations among trait-anxiety, coping style and anxiety tendency. Coping style played a significant multiple mediation effect on the correlation between trait anxiety and anxiety tendency, accounting for 34.8% of the total variance. Both positive and negative coping had significant mediation effect on the correlation between trait anxiety and anxiety tendency, accounting for 60.5% and 39.5% of the indirect effect. The proportions of passengers reporting anxious emotion during different period of time were 61.8% for flight delay, 41.6% at the time of takeoff, 35.9% for baggage reclaim, 32.3% at the time of waiting for departure, and 31.8% at the time of check-in; the proportions of passengers reporting anxiety-related symptoms were 41.8% for increased heart rate, 32.5% for earache, 31.8% for dizziness and headache, and 21.9% for nausea and other symptoms. There were 51.5% and 44.2% of the passengers reporting adoptions of sleep and listening to music/reading newspaper/watching videos to cope with anxious emotion. Conclusion Anxiety is prevalence and influenced by multiple factors among air passengers and specific management measures and service modes should be developed by relevant agencies to promote passengers’ health care during air travel 【摘 要】 目的 了解航空旅客焦虑情绪特征及其影响因素，为提高旅客服务质量及完善航空卫生保健机制提供借鉴。 方法 2015 年 1 月 — 2016 年 12 月，采用简单随机抽样法，分别对民航东北、华北、华东、中南、西南等地区的 10 个机场共计 2 526 名航空旅客进行特质焦虑量表、简易应对方式量表、自编基于心理需求的焦虑倾向量表调查。 结果 旅客特质焦虑为（38.85 ± 8.23）分、积极应对为（23.65 ± 5.44）分、消极应对为（15.77 ± 3.92）分、焦虑倾向为（70.33 ± 6.55）分。航班延误知情权为（4.01 ± 0.97）分，延误餐宿解决质量为（3.83 ± 0.92）分，航班正点率为（3.68 ± 1.12）分，起飞降落平稳性为（3.62 ± 0.86）分，行李完好性为（3.57 ± 0.91）分，是影响旅客焦虑的主要因素；行李安全与质量[4.43 ± 0.82 分]，通知及时性[4.28 ± 0.86 分]，餐宿安排质量[4.27 ± 0.99 分]，延误知情权[4.25 ± 1.13 分]，延误赔偿承诺[4.14 ± 0.80 分]，是旅客最期望解决的因素。不同年龄、飞行时间、出行去向的旅客的特质焦虑差异有统计学意义（均 P < 0.001），不同性别、年龄、飞行频率的旅客的积极应对差异均有统计学意义（均 P < 0.05），不同性别、年龄、飞行频率、飞行时间、出行方向的旅客的消极应对差异均有统计学意义（均 P < 0.01），不同性别、年龄、飞行频率、飞行时间、出行方向的旅客的焦虑倾向差异均有统计学意义（均 P < 0.001）。特质焦虑、应对方式、焦虑倾向之间均呈明显相关关系。应对方式在特质焦虑与焦虑倾向间的多重中介效应显著，其效应量占总效应量的 34.8 %；积极应对、消极应对的中介作用效应显著，其中介效应量分别占间接效应的 60.5 %、39.5 %。61.8 %、41.6 %、35.9 %、 32.3 %、31.8 %的旅客分别在航班延误、起飞、提取行李、候机、值机阶段产生焦虑情绪，41.8 %、32.5 %、31.8 %、21.9 % 的旅客分别伴随有心跳加速、耳痛、头晕头痛、恶心等身体症状，51.5 %、44.2 %的旅客常以睡觉、听音乐/看报/看视频等方式来应对。 结论 航空公司、机场等运营管理部门可在航班延误应急处置、行李安全质量保障、客舱服务等方面制定针对性强的管理策略与服务模式，提升旅客卫生保健工作质量与效率。

Emotional Intelligence and Emotional State Effects on Simulated Flight Performance

BACKGROUND: Flight cadets' emotion is a factor of great importance to flight training. So it is of profound significance to address how emotional factors affect flight training performance. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and simulated flight performance (SFP), and explore the mechanism of emotional state as a mediator in the effect of EI on SFP.METHODS: Ninety undergraduates took part in the study. EI (Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale), neuroticism (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised), anxiety (State Anxiety Inventory), and tension (Profile of Mood States) were collected. Conducted were 9 h of simulated flight training in a simulator of the Type 6 Primary Trainer. The Delphi Experts Grading Method was used to assess students' SFP. Mediation effect of emotional state was explored using regression analysis.RESULTS: EI was significantly correlated with neuroticism (r = -0.31), tension (r = -0.31), and anxiety (r = -0.31), respectively. Multiple mediation effects showed that emotional state mediated the association between EI and SFP. Tension especially mediated the associations between the Self Emotion Appraisals and Regulation of Emotion dimensions of EI and SFP. However, the Use of Emotion dimension of EI had a direct negative effect on SFP without the mediating role of emotional state.DISCUSSION: The findings indicated that EI was significantly correlated with emotional state (neuroticism, tension, and anxiety). EI may directly or indirectly affect SFP and tension played an important mediating role. Implications for the promotion of EI and emotional state to enhance performance in real flight training are discussed.Dai J, Wang H, Yang L, Wen Z. Emotional intelligence and emotional state effects on simulated flight performance. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(2):101-108.

Employment stress and the Happiness of Korean University students: Multiple Mediating Effect of Growth Mindset, Grit and Hope

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the multiple mediating effect of growthmindset, grit and hope on the effect of employment stress on happiness among 364 college students in Korea.Method/Statistical Analysis: The data for the study were collected from 364 university students by usingsurvey method. For the statistical analysis, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis andmediation analysis all were performed using SPSS Win.24.0 and PROCESS macro for SPSS version 3.2.Findings: The results of the study are as follows. First, it is noted that the Pearson correlation analysisshowed that happiness had a negative correlation with employment stress, and there was a significant positivecorrelation among growth mindset, grit and hope. Broadly speaking, employment stress showed a significantnegative correlation with happiness, growth mindset, grit, and hope. Second, as a result of the PROCESSmacro analysis, employment stress affects growth mindset, hope and happiness, and growth mindset has apositive effect on grit, hope and happiness. To this end, it is noted that grit has a positive effect on hope,happiness, and hope has a positive influence on happiness. Third, there was a multiple mediation effect ofgrowth mindset, grit and hope in the identified relationship between employment stress and happiness.Improvements/Applications: This result will be utilized as a new model in which growth mindset, grit andhope mediate the job-seeking stress of university students in the process of affecting happiness in the Koreansociety where the employment crisis is at serious proportions.

A Research of Disabled Employee on the Structural Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Disability Acceptance: The Serial Multiple Mediation Effect of Job Engagement and Job Satisfaction

A Research of Disabled Employee on the Structural Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Disability Acceptance: The Serial Multiple Mediation Effect of Job Engagement and Job Satisfaction

Experienced HIV-Related Stigma and Psychological Distress in Peruvian Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Longitudinal Study to Explore Mediating Roles of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Coping Styles.

Experiencing HIV-related stigma has important impacts on the mental health of people living with HIV, which has implications for treatment adherence, disease progression, and health outcomes. The impacts of stigma are particularly important to consider among sexual and gender minorities, who often face a disproportionate burden of HIV. To address the implications of stigma in these key populations, we leveraged a longitudinal study conducted among Peruvian sexual and gender minorities to compare the relative effects of multiple mediators affecting the relationship between experienced HIV-related stigma and psychological distress: internalized HIV-related stigma, adaptive coping, and maladaptive coping. HIV-related stigma, coping, and distress were measured, respectively, at 24weeks, 36weeks, and 48weeks post-diagnosis for 145 participants from the Sabes Study. HIV-related maladaptive coping largely mediated the relationship between experienced HIV-related stigma and distress. Our findings suggest interventions targeting maladaptive coping may alleviate the mental health consequences of experiencing HIV-related stigma.

Information Technology Inhibitors and Information Quality in Supply Chain Management: A PLS-SEM Analysis

Abstract The development of information technology has simplified the exchange of information between different parts of the supply chain. Information quality plays an important role in enhancing supply chain performance. The aim of this research was to explore the relationships between SCM-IT inhibitors, IT enablers, information sharing, and information quality in supply chain management. Data for 183 business units operating in Vlore, Albania during 2017 were analyzed. Direct and mediating or indirect effects were also analyzed. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), an advanced statistical technique with the help of Smart-PLS version 3.2.7. PLS algorithm was used to determine the factor loadings and path coefficients in the theoretical model. The study has concluded that SCM-IT inhibitors have a negative and significant effect on information quality; the mediation effect of information sharing was significant, the mediation effect of IT enablers was significant; however, the multiple mediation effects of IT enablers and information sharing was not significant. These findings are useful for top management and IT specialists of the business units, and also for information technology services and products providers.

The Relationship between The Other Customers' Customer Citizenship Behavior and Customer Loyalty-Focusing on the Serial Multiple Mediation Effect of Positive affect and Customer Attitude

고객충성도는 직․간접적으로 기업의 수익성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 기업 성장의 중요 요인이다. 본 연구는 서비스를 함께 이용하는 다른 고객의 고객시민행동(타인의 고객시민행동)이 해당 서비스 기업에 대한 고객충성도에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 그리고 타인의 고객시민행동이 고객충성도에 영향을 미치는 일련의 과정을 감정적 반응인 긍정 감정과 인지적 반응인 고객태도를 통해 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 첫째, 타인의 고객시민행동이 해당 기업에 대한 고객충성도 사이에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 둘째, 둘 사이의 관계에서 긍정 감정과 고객태도의 순차적 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 타인의 고객시민행동이 개별 고객으로 하여금 긍정 감정을 유발하고, 유발된 긍정적 감정은 서비스 기업에 대한 고객태도를 향상시키고 결과적으로 고객충성도를 높일 것으로 예측하였다. 마지막으로 타인의 고객시민행동 유형(다른 고객에 대한 타인의 고객시민행동과 서비스 기업에 대한 타인의 고객시민행동)이 고객충성도에 미치는 영향 차이를 살펴보았다. 이를 확인하기 위하여 본 연구는 두 번의 실증 연구를 실시하였다. 연구 1에서는 설문조사를 통해 타인의 고객시민행동과 해당 기업에 대한 고객충성도의 관계 그리고 긍정 감정과 고객 태도의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 첫째, 타인의 고객시민행동은 고객충성도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 타인의 고객시민행동과 고객충성도 사이의 관계를 긍정 감정과 고객태도가 순차적으로 매개함을 확인하였다. 연구 2에서는 실험을 통해 타인의 고객시민행동과 고객충성도 사이의 관계를 타인의 고객시민행동의 유형을 구분하여 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 연구 1의 결과를 재확인하였고, 타인의 고객시민행동의 유형에 따라 해당 서비스 기업에 대한 고객충성도에 다르게 영향을 미침을 확인하였다. 타인의 고객시민행동 중 다른 고객을 대상으로 하는 타인의 고객시민행동은 고객충성도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 이 관계를 긍정 감정과 고객태도가 순차적으로 매개하였으나, 서비스 기업을 대상으로 하는 타인의 고객시민행동은 고객충성도에 영향을 미치지 않았다.

Serial Progression from Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder to Alcohol Use Disorder: Serial Multiple Mediated Effects of Externalizing Disorders and Depression.

ObjectiveExternalizing disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder, as well as depression are common comorbidities in alcohol use disorder (AUD). The current study focused on the temporal relationship between the onsets of these disorders and AUD, and investigated the serial multiple mediator model of externalizing disorders (e.g., ADHD) and depression on AUD.MethodsWe analyzed the mediated effects of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale motor (BIS_M) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) on Korean version of the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS_K) using the multiple-step multiple mediation procedure regression analysis. In addition, we comparatively analyzed different clinical characteristics in relation to conduct problems.ResultsThe multiple-step multiple mediation procedure found the serial multiple mediated effects of the BIS_M and the BDI on the relationship between the ASRS and the ADS_K. Also, the group with conduct problem was significantly high in ADHD symptoms, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, legal problems and alcohol-related problems, compared to the group without conduct problems.ConclusionTo sum up, the results of this study show that ADHD symptoms in childhood could exert significant effects on the severity of AUD in adulthood, and both disorders might be mediated by the externalizing disorders characterized by the core feature of motor impulsivity, and depression serially. Thus, the treatment of preceding disorders in accordance with developmental stages is an overarching clinical component for preventing the subsequent development of AUD and for its treatment.

The Effect of the Leader’s Anger-out on Organizational Members’ Silence Behavior: Focusing on the Serial Multiple Mediation Effect of Anger Rumination and State Hostility

본 연구는 리더의 분노 표출(anger-out)과 조직 구성원의 침묵 행동 간 관계에서 조직 구성원의 분노 반추(anger rumination)와 상태 적대감의 직렬다중매개효과를 실증적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 자기보고식 설문방식의 측정으로 인한 동일방법편의(common method bias)를 극복하기 위하여 종속변수는 시차를 두고 별도로 측정하였으며 구성원의 개인차 요소인 특성 적대감과 직무상황에서의 정서 상태(긍정정서, 부정정서)를 함께 통제변수로 채택하여 리더의 분노 표출에 대한 조직 구성원들의 반응을 보다 객관적으로 검증하였다. 자료의 분석은 국내 300인 이상 규모의 다양한 업종의 기업에 근무하는 직장인들로부터 획득된 335부의 설문지를 사용하였다.BR 연구 결과 리더의 분노 표출은 조직 구성원의 분노 반추와 상태 적대감을 순차적으로 경유했을 때 침묵행동을 증가시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 리더의 분노 표출이 조직 구성원의 침묵행동에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것이 아니라 리더의 분노 표출이 조직구성원의 분노 반추와 상태적대감의 심리적 매커니즘을 경유하여 조직 구성원의 침묵행동을 유발한다는 것을 입증한 것이다. 이를 통해 리더의 분노 표출이 조직 구성원의 어떠한 인지적 과정과 태도 과정을 경유하여 조직과 리더에게 부정적인 영향을 초래하는가를 확인하였다. 아울러 연구 결과와 관련된 이론적·실무적 시사점과 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

Serial multiple mediator model analysis with respect to Korea national league soccer players’ self-leadership

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to draw practical implications applicable to the field through analysing serial multiple mediator model of self-leadership, psychology empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. [Methods] In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we surveyed Korea national league players(187 usable sample). Four hypotheses were tested using frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and PROCESS macro through SPSS statistics. [Results] The results are as follows. First, self-leadership has a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Second, mediating effects of psychological empowerment between self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavior were significant. Third, mediating effects of job satisfaction between self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavior were significant. Fourth, serial multiple mediator effects leading to self-leadership→psychological empowerment→job satisfaction→organizational citizenship behavior were significant. [Conclusions] Korea national league players must perform self-leader, goal setting, self-observation, self criticism, constructive thinking strategies, dedication and voluntary attitude for clubs and colleagues. The team’s coaches should strive to praise the athletes for their pride, provide appropriate feedback, prevent job burnout, and the management of front office should make practical efforts such as improving the welfare environment and presenting the future vision of club.

A burnout model of job crafting: Multiple mediator effects on job performance

Studies establish that job crafting, i.e. the proactive changes made in one's work through balancing available job demands and resources, results in various positive outcomes at the individual, job, and organisational levels. This study examines how employees proactively craft their jobs to avoid stress and burnout, and become better performers. We ground our study in the occupational health context of knowledge workers. Structural equation models on data from 268 Information Technology (IT) management professionals demonstrate the coping effect of job crafting in decreasing role stress and burnout, and increasing one's psychological availability, along with multiple mediation effects in improving job performance.

Empowering Leadership and Voice Behavior : The Multiple Mediation Effects of Voice Climate and Organization-Based Self-esteem

Empowering Leadership and Voice Behavior : The Multiple Mediation Effects of Voice Climate and Organization-Based Self-esteem

Why neurotic individuals are less prosocial? A multiple mediation analysis regarding related mechanisms

Previous literature suggests a negative link between neuroticism and prosocial behavior (PSB). Based on theoretical rationale on why personality traits have consequential effects on important life outcomes, this study adopted multiple mediation analysis to investigate the mechanisms by which neuroticism leads to less PSB. Social anxiety, empathy, social self-efficacy, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence (EI) were introduced as mediators. Self-reported measures of the abovementioned traits were administrated to 1461 undergraduate students. The results showed that: (1) there was a negative association between neuroticism and PSB; (2) lower levels of social self-efficacy, EI, perspective taking, and empathic concern could primarily account for the negative association between neuroticism and PSB; (3) neuroticism might facilitate PSB via higher levels of personal distress; (4) the abovementioned mediators completely mediated the effect of neuroticism on PSB, and the multiple mediation effect was not moderated by gender. We inferred that if PSB does not require interpersonal interaction, or the social interaction is less anxiety provoking, the negative effect of neuroticism on PSB may disappear. Additionally, if highly neurotic individuals' social self-efficacy, EI, and empathy were elevated, they may act as prosocially as others.

The Relationship between Perceived Learning Environment and Engagement in Physical Education: The Multiple Mediation Effects of Multidimensional Competence, Achievement Goals, and Emotions

The Relationship between Perceived Learning Environment and Engagement in Physical Education: The Multiple Mediation Effects of Multidimensional Competence, Achievement Goals, and Emotions

The Relationship between Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism, and Speech Anxiety in College Students: The Serial Multiple Mediation Effects of Internalized Shame and Intolerance of Uncertainty

The Relationship between Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism, and Speech Anxiety in College Students: The Serial Multiple Mediation Effects of Internalized Shame and Intolerance of Uncertainty

Effects of Nurse’s Second Victim Experiences on Third Victim Experiences: Multiple Mediation Effects of Second Victim Supports

Purpose Nurse’s second victim experiences could influence organizational negative work-related outcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the casual relationship between nurses’ second victim experience and third victim experience and multiple mediation effects of second victim supports. Methods A cross-sectional, self-report survey (the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool) was conducted with 305 nurses working in a general hospital. Data were collected from October 20 to November 25, 2016 and analyzed using SPSS Win version 23.0. Results The nurses' perceived second victim experience was 3.24±0.61 and the third victim experience was 3.12±0.92. Nurses’ second victim experience was found to have a direct effect on increasing third victim experience and indirect effect of colleague support as mediator (p<.05). However, institutional support and supervisor support had not a partial and indirect effect on third victim experience. Conclusion This study is one of the first to connect second victim experience to third victim experience in South Korea. This study broadens the understanding of the negative effects of a second victim experience influence third victim experience. When involvement in patient safety events, the important role of colleague support in limiting nurse’s third victim experience have been acknowledged. This study reinforces the efforts health care leaders are making to develop interventional programs to colleague support their staff as they recover from adverse event involvement. Key words: Adverse event ㆍ Second victim ㆍ Third victim ㆍ Colleague support

Linking CSR Communication Activities to Consumer Brand Evaluations: An Examination of Mediating and Moderating Factors Linking CSR Communication to Brand Evaluations

ABSTRACTUsing an online survey with an embedded experiment, the current study examines the effect of CSR message context (i.e., social vs. environmental focus) and related factors on individuals' assessments of a company's brand. Estimated multiple moderated mediation effects explore how consumers' views of the sincerity of the CSR message and the company's history of CSR activity influence both the effect of the message content and brand evaluations. The results of these analyses are then discussed in terms of their implications for future research and company practice on effective CSR communications.

The association between teacher-student relationship and academic achievement in Chinese EFL context: a serial multiple mediation model

The present study examined the link between teacher–student relationship at the class level and academic achievement via the serial multiple mediation effect of self-efficacy and learning strategy in Chinese EFL context with 11,036 eighth graders. Student-reported measures of teacher–student relationship, English self-efficacy, learning strategy and curriculum-based measures of English achievement were collected in fall 2015. Multilevel mediation model revealed that the positive relationship between teacher–student relationship at the class level and English achievement was partially mediated by self-efficacy, cognitive and metacognitive strategy, and serially mediated by self-efficacy and then learning strategy in Chinese EFL context, controlling for SES and gender. The findings suggest that positive teacher–student relationship can help students to develop English proficiency by fostering their English self-efficacy and use of learning strategy. The results of the present study extend our understanding of influential factors in foreign language learning processes and hold substantive theoretical and practical implications for educational researchers as well as teachers.

Career-training mentorship intervention via the Dreyfus model: Implication for career behaviors and practical skills acquisition in vocational electronic technology

One of the employability skills lacking among fresh graduates is the practical skill needed for school-to-work transition. This has resulted to career thwarting behavior among students. Thus, this study determines the longitudinal impact of career-training mentorship intervention on vocational electronic students' career-related behaviors and practical skills learning outcomes. Moreover, this study examines the multiple mediation effects of career learning self-efficacy and work volition on the cause-effect relationship. We employed nonequivalent control-group quasi-experimental design. The participants were 97 vocational electronic technology education students. The results depicted that career-training mentorship intervention has effects on career-related behaviors (planning, intentions, commitment, and reconsideration) and psychomotor skills performance respectively. We also found multiple mediation effects of career learning self-efficacy and work volition on the relationship between predictor (perceived career-training mentorship) and the outcome (career-related behaviors and performance in practical skills) variables.

Pathways From Caring and Engaging Adults to Youth Vocational Identity: The Mediational Roles of Career Search Self-Efficacy and Goal Capacity

This study examines the role played by access to caring and engaging adults, career search self-efficacy (CSSE), and goal capacity in the development of youth vocational identity. The study used a bootstrapping approach to analyze data, collected from a survey of 1,579 youths enrolled in 14 U.S. high schools, to test a hypothesized serial multiple mediation model. Results indicate both direct and multiple indirect pathways from adults influences to the youth vocational identity. Two specific pathways of influence were found through CSSE and goal capacity respectively. Additionally, a serial multiple mediation effect was found whereby CSSE and goal capacity collectively mediated the relationship. This indicates that greater access to caring and engaging adults contributes to higher CSSE, which accounts for a higher level of goal capacity, and eventually leads to the better vocational identity in youth. These findings establish notable implications for practices that are discussed in closing.