Multiple Logit Models Research Articles

Migration choices for farming households in rural areas: Why new countryside locations are important for the inhabitants of traditional agricultural areas in central China

AbstractIn the urbanisation stage of bilateral urban–rural interaction, China is adopting various policies to achieve rural revitalisation and provide diverse destinations to which farmers can migrate. Most previous studies have focused on urban destinations; thus, new countryside locations are not as well understood in this context. This study focused on first migration practices to examine new countryside destinations for farmers in China. This study established a conceptual framework to explain the diverse migration destination options based on three aspects: human capital, economic characteristics, and social characteristics. Based on survey data from farming households in a traditional agriculture area in Xinxiang, a multiple logit model was used to examine why new countryside destinations were adaptive first migration destinations. The results indicated that farmers were influenced by land capital and low initial household incomes. Specifically, many farmers were attracted to new countryside locations close to their original villages because of the need for cultivated land and farming, thus providing a logical first move in the rural–urban migration process. Poorer households were willing to first improve their living conditions in this way. This suggests that new countryside construction can help achieve rural revitalisation.

Quantifying hierarchy and prestige in US ballet academies as social predictors of career success

In the recent decade, we have seen major progress in quantifying the behaviors and the impact of scientists, resulting in a quantitative toolset capable of monitoring and predicting the career patterns of the profession. It is unclear, however, if this toolset applies to other creative domains beyond the sciences. In particular, while performance in the arts has long been difficult to quantify objectively, research suggests that professional networks and prestige of affiliations play a similar role to those observed in science, hence they can reveal patterns underlying successful careers. To test this hypothesis, here we focus on ballet, as it allows us to investigate in a quantitative fashion the interplay of individual performance, institutional prestige, and network effects. We analyze data on competition outcomes from 6363 ballet students affiliated with 1603 schools in the United States, who participated in the Youth America Grand Prix (YAGP) between 2000 and 2021. Through multiple logit models and matching experiments, we provide evidence that schools’ strategic network position bridging between communities captures social prestige and predicts the placement of students into jobs in ballet companies. This work reveals the importance of institutional prestige on career success in ballet and showcases the potential of network science approaches to provide quantitative viewpoints for the professional development of careers beyond science.

Retracted: Optimization of College Students’ Employment Prosperity Index System Based on Multiple Logit Models

Retracted: Optimization of College Students’ Employment Prosperity Index System Based on Multiple Logit Models

Severity and Determinants of Anemia in TB/HIV Coinfected Adults at Mekelle, Ethiopia: Hospital Based Retrospective Study.

Anemia has up to 87% prevalence in high tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden settings of the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Ethiopia. It increases lost to follow-up (LTFU) rate, reduces quality of life, and shortens the survival of TB/HIV coinfected patients. However, there is limited information on severity level and determinants of anemia in TB/HIV coinfected adults in the study setting in particular. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess severity level and determinants of TB/HIV-associated anemia. A hospital based retrospective study was conducted among 305 TB/HIV coinfected adults who enrolled for antiretroviral therapy (ART) from January, 2009 to December, 2016 in two public hospital of Mekelle, Ethiopia, by reviewing ART register. A multiple logit model was fitted to identify the baseline determinants of anemia using 95% confidence level or 5% level of significance for adjusted odds ratio (AOR). In the current study, the cumulative baseline prevalence of anemia was 59.0% (95% CI: 53.3%-64.6%). Considering severity level, the prevalence was 6.2%, 28.2%, and 24.6% for severe, moderate, and mild anemia, respectively. Being female (AOR = 0.380; 95% CI: 0.226-0.640), body mass index (AOR = 0.913; 95% CI: 0.836-0.998) reduces the odds of developing anemia whereas baseline ambulatory functional status (AOR = 2.139; 95% CI: 1.189-3.846), bedridden functional status (AOR = 2.208; 95% CI: 1.002-4.863), HIV clinical stage III (AOR = 2.565; 95% CI: 1.030-6.384), and HIV clinical stage IV (AOR = 2.590; 95% CI: 1.006-6.669) increased the odds of developing anemia for TB/HIV coinfected adults. In the current study, significant TB/HIV-associated severe anemia was assessed which accounted for nearly one-ninth of all anemia cases while nearly half were moderate anemia. Therefore, curious attention has to be given for the management of TB/HIV-associated severe anemia in particular and anemia in general to reducing anemia associated bad outcomes most importantly death.

Residents' Choice of Transportation Mode Based on Multiple Logit Model

In recent years, with the promotion of urbanization, China's urban structure has become larger and larger, and most cities have only one urban center. Commercial and residential areas are mainly concentrated in the city center, with high population density, which leads to great traffic pressure. Therefore, the factors affecting the residents' travel mode can be analyzed. The multiple logit model based on the random utility theory is used to analyze the travel mode of residents, and then the suggestions to improve the urban transportation facilities and land use mode are put forward, which is helpful to solve some urban congestion problems and reduce the urban traffic pressure. This paper takes Hangzhou, which is located in Zhejiang Province in East part of China as an example to analyze the travel mode of residents. Based on the investigation of local residents' choice of travel mode, three general travel modes, namely private cars, public transportation and non-motor vehicles, were selected as logarithmic model parameters for coefficient calibration, and the influence of gender, age, travel purpose, income and other factors on the choice of travel mode were analyzed. The study found that men are more likely to use private cars. The higher the monthly income, the higher the probability of private car travel. If the public transportation is more convenient in the place of departure and destination, the probability of choosing public transportation is also higher.

Determinants of the Cost-Effectiveness of Telemedicine: Systematic Screening and Quantitative Analysis of the Literature.

Background and Objectives: Telemedicine holds the promise of increasing access-to-care at a lower cost. Yet, for years, the evidence of telemedicine's cost-effectiveness was scarce. Faced with a rapidly expanding literature, we conduct both manual and systematic selection of the literature, and analyzed the data to determine: (1) the characteristics of economic evaluations of telemedicine, and (2) the determinants of economically efficient telemedicine interventions. Methods: We reviewed all published economic evaluations of telemedicine in Cochrane, Embase, and Pubmed from 2008 to 2018. Articles were screened by two researchers first on title and abstract (Stage 1), then on full article (Stage 2), (protocol available on PROSPERO, ref. CRD42019143032). We proposed an alternative method for screening articles using machine learning based on textual classification and compared these two approaches. We constructed an exclusive dataset on the characteristics of the selected articles and enriched it using OECD data at the country level. We identified the determinants of efficient telemedicine interventions using multiple logit models. Results and Conclusion: We included 156 articles out of 2,639. Most economic studies of our sample regard telemonitoring. A majority (73.7%) of studies found that telemedicine intervention is efficient, regardless of the medical domain. Articles with higher standards of economic evaluation (cost-effectiveness analysis, randomized trials with high sample size) were less likely to report an efficient intervention. We found no effect of the publication year, signifying that the nature of the evidence has not changed over time.

Family support and transport cost: understanding health service among older people from the perspective of social-ecological model

BackgroundThis study is to investigate the interaction of family support, transport cost (ex-post), and disabilities on health service seeking behavior among older people from the perspective of social ecological model.MethodWe conduct a series of regressions including the Poisson model and Multiple logit model. The Heckman two-stage procedure is also conducted to check the robustness.ResultsGiven that health care resources are generally concentrated in densely populated urban areas, access to services of higher-class health care facilities is found associated with higher transport cost (ex-post). Family support could also promote the access to higher-class health care facilities. Although disability may impede such access, this effect may be mitigated by paying higher transport cost (ex-post).ConclusionsAlleviating transport deprivation and promoting family support are critical for access to better healthcare services among older people with disabilities.

Optimization of College Students’ Employment Prosperity Index System Based on Multiple Logit Models

The employment of university graduates has always been a matter of great concern to educational administrative departments and governments at all levels. EPI (employment prosperity index) is a weather vane that reflects the situation of the labor market, and it is also an important reference for the national economic situation. This paper constructs college students’ EPI from different aspects, such as employment environment, employability, employment status, and public service, focuses on the calculation method of college students’ EPI, and obtains the general formula for calculating college students’ EPI. Based on the data obtained from a university, the EPI system is optimized by using MLM (multinomial logit model). Through empirical research, it is found that EPI, which is optimized by the system, has the function of evaluating the employment environment of college students, which not only provides macroemployment policies for the government but also provides scientific and effective employment service policies for universities.

Logit model in prospective coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors prediction in Saudi population.

Analysis through logistic regression explored to investigate the relationship between binary or multivariable ordinal response probability and in one or more explanatory variables. The main objectives of this study to investigate advanced prediction risk factor of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) using a logit model. Attempts made to reduce risk factors, increase public or professional awareness. Logit model used to evaluate the probability of a person develop CHD, considering any factors such as age, gender, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high blood pressure, family history of CHD younger than 45, diabetes, smoking, being post-menopausal for women and being older than 45 for men. Logit concept of brief statistics described with slight modification to estimate the parameters testing for the significance of the coefficients, confidence interval fits the simple, multiple logit models. Besides, interpretation of the fitted logit regression model introduced. Variables showing best results within the scientific context, good explanation data assessed to fit an estimated logit model containing chosen variables, this present experiment used the statistical inference procedure; chi-square distribution, likelihood ratio, Score, or Wald test and goodness-of-fit. Health promotion started with increased public or professional awareness improved for early detection of CHD, to reduce the risk of mortality, aimed to be Saudi vision by 2030.

Study on the choice of transportation mode in Zheng-Jiao Transportation Corridor

In order to study travelers’ choice of different travel modes, quantitative analysis of travelers’ travel behavior preferences can effectively choose the most effective way to travel. Based on the influencing factors of travel mode, the safety index, economic index, speediness index and convenience index of the choice of travel mode are proposed. According to the principle of utility maximization, the multiple Logit model is used to calculate the sharing rate of each travel mode in the transportation channel. Taking the transportation passage from Zhengzhou to Jiaozuo as an example, this paper makes an empirical analysis to study the traveler’s choice of intercity bus and intercity railway.

RETRACTED: Research on obstacles of socialization of old residential district management under the theory of community conflict—Regression analysis based on SPSS software

The socialization of old residential district management is an inevitable trend of urban development, but the current situation is not optimistic. According to the theory of community conflict, this paper analyzes obstacles of management socialization from four perspectives of environmental factors, opposite relations, power factors and emotional factors, and constructs an analysis system for the socialization obstacles of old residential district management. Regression analysis of the survey data through the establishment of orderly multiple Logit models, using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 software to process the data. The regression analysis of the data shows that environmental factors, opposite relations, and emotional factors have a significant impact on the socialization of old residential district management. The results show that the transformation of old residential areas, diversified management of property service enterprises, increased publicity and establishment of supervision mechanisms, and the establishment and use of the role of owners' committees, which can effectively promote the socialization process of old residential district management, fill in shortcomings, and improve the quality of life of residents in old communities.

Morning modal split model of economically active people in Zilina region

The paper deals with the parameterization of the morning modal split in the four-step model of the traffic prognosis for the economically active population. Multiple Logit model theory is the process of calculating the modal split. This model is in common use for transport modeling. Its advantage is that we can choose from more independent variables. The estimation of Logit function parameters is based on a transport - sociological survey in the Žilina region.The choice of a specific transport mode of transport is expressed by the utility function. The Biogeme program was used for the trip utility function parameters estimation. The primary task was to create a set of Logit functions performance parameters for Žilina region transport conditions, specifically for the economically active population group in the morning rush time (05:00 – 09:00). Person groups are characterized by their behavior in the transport process. The modal split was taken into account in the trip distribution by transport modes: car - driver, car - passenger, bike, pedestrian transport, public transport, bus and train.

Dynamic interactions between spatial change and travel behavior variation in old town fringe

Old town fringe area is changing in its spatial features, and these changes correspondingly result in variations in travel behaviors. Taking the spatial characteristics and travel behavior data of the Nanjing Old Town Fringe (OTF) area in 2010 and 2015 as an example, we conducted a comparative study for two years. First, based on the identification of the spatial range of OTF in these two years by using travel data mutation points and the Point of Information (POI) kernel analysis method, the significant change in the OTF area, from marginal areas in 2010 to non-marginal areas in 2015, was identified. Second, multiple logit models were used to evaluate the impact of the built environment and economic and social attributes of residents on the choice of travel modes, as well as the different impact factors. From the perspective of overall performance, with reference to the behavior of choosing motor vehicle travel, from 2010 to 2015, the significant correlation of factors in promoting residents to choose walking, cycling or public transit changed. Moreover, there were three different dynamic characteristics of this correlation change: (1) the correlation of factors was significant and stable from 2010 to 2015; (2) the correlation of factors was significant in 2010 but not significant in 2015; (3) the correlation of factors was not significant in 2010 but was significant in 2015. It was found that the correlated factors of fluctuation were mainly social attribute factors, for example, education, gender, age, whether having a driver’s license, etc. Therefore, in future research and practice, we need to focus on the impact of stable correlated factors (such as shortest distance to downtown, plot ratio, occupation, etc.) and factors with increasing correlations (such as bus coverage, gender, age, etc.). And the land-mix factor needs to be considered from both vertical and horizontal perspectives. This will have certain significance and help future development of OTF areas.

Unsafe sex practice and its associated factors among regular undergraduate students of Mekelle University, Ethiopia, 2019: a facility based cross-sectional study

Background: Unsafe sex is ranked second among the top ten risk factors to health that may lead to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), unplanned pregnancy and/or unsafe abortion. Despite the high burden of unsafe sex practices in Ethiopia, little was known on reasons and associated factors in the study setting in particular. Objective: To examine unsafe sex practice and its associated factors among regular undergraduate students of Mekelle University, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: a facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 797 regular under graduate students of Mekelle University using the multistage sampling design. A multiple logit model was fitted to identify factors associated with unsafe sex practice. Finally, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) was estimated and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for statistical decision. Main findings: Overall, approximately 44% of the participants who had sex in the last 12 months practiced unsafe sex. Major reasons to have had unsafe sex were - for fun, lack of awareness, trusting sexual partners and no access to use condom. Dormitory living condition (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20 – 0.99) and taking course on Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) (AOR =0.49; 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.85) had protective effect against unsafe sex practice. Conclusion: The unsafe sex practice was significantly high in the current study. Thus, comprehensive information and education on SRH has to be implemented by the University to prevent unsafe sex practices associated bad consequences among the students.

Passenger travel behaviour on Chinese high‐speed railways using machine learning based on revealed‐preference data

AbstractExisting studies on the selection of railway travel modes almost always compare high‐speed trains and regular‐speed trains. In this study, three high‐speed trains (Revival, Harmony, and Electric multiple unites (EMU)) on the Beijing–Shanghai line, and the first‐ and second‐class seats on these three trains are selected as research objects to analyse the travel selection behaviour of Chinese high‐speed train passengers. Three methods are selected to study this behaviour: the Support Vector Machine, Nested Logit model, and Multiple Logit model. The results of these three models are calibrated using LIBSVM software and STATA software and show that age, funding source, income level, and purpose of travel are major factors that affect Chinese railway passengers' choices on high‐speed railways. Finally, it is shown that the Support Vector Machine is the most accurate of these three methods, followed by the Nested Logit model. The results of this study can complement existing research on the travel selection behaviour of Chinese railway passengers and has important implications for enabling China's high‐speed rail operators to adjust their passenger transportation products.

Analysis in modal split

Abstract The paper deals with the parameterization of the calculation of the modal split in the four-step model determining the traffic prognosis. Multiple Logit model theory is the process of calculating the modal split, the model is in common use for transport modelling. Its advantage is that we can choose from more independent variables. The estimation of Logit function parameters is based on transport and sociological survey in Žilina region. The Biogeme program will be used for the calculation. The primary task is to create a set of Logit function performance parameters for Žilina region conditions. The choice of a specific transport mode of transport is expressed by the utility function. The function is used in a disaggregated model for individual groups of the population. Groups are characterized by their behaviour in the transport process. The disaggregated model involves simulating the behaviour of individuals in time, space, and their subsequent aggregation into the resulting transport relations of the territory. The modal split will be taken into account in the trip distribution by transport modes: car - driver, car - passenger, public transport, cycling and pedestrian transport.

Financial Statement Analysis to Predict Stock Returns of Listed Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria

This study examines whether the application of an accounting fundamental strategy to select stocks of a portfolio can systematically yield significant and positive excess market buy-and-hold returns after one year of portfolio formation. Using financial statement information and the “direct approach”, multiple logit models were developed to predict the year-ahead returns. The coefficient estimates of these models were used to generate Pr measures which were used to formulate investment strategies. Specifically, the investment strategy involved buying stocks with high Pr values and selling stocks with low Pr values was examined. The study found that eleven accounting ratios predict stocked returns accurately in 76.6% cases. This robust ability to accurately predict stock returns is evidence that conducting fundamental analysis and taking investment positions on the basis of Pr values can be a fruitful strategy for investors in Nigeria. Thus, the study recommends that investors evaluate their investments in equity for 12 months before making a buy or sell decision using a Pr strategy to avoid loses or missing opportunities.

Race and Right‐Wing Authoritarianism: How Scoring High in Authoritarianism Does Not Necessarily Lead to Support for Right‐Wing Candidates*

ObjectivesAuthoritarianism has a long history suggesting that it is primarily a phenomenon of the right. However, I argue that this has led to scholars overlooking the potential that, in some contexts, authoritarianism can lead to support for left‐wing candidates. African‐American voters in the United States provide such a context. A key component of right‐wing authoritarianism is that individuals will support whom they believe to be their rightful leader. In the United States, who one believes to be their group's rightful leader is contingent on the race of the voter and the party of the candidate. I hypothesize that as African‐American voters' level of authoritarianism increases, they will be more likely to support the left‐wing Democratic candidate.MethodsI test this hypothesis with a national sample of voters after the 2012 U.S. presidential election. I estimate multiple logit models predicting the probability of voting for Obama, the key independent variables being respondents' right‐wing authoritarian score, their race, and the interaction of these two variables.ResultsThe results present strong support for my hypothesis that an increase in right‐wing authoritarianism increases the probability of African‐American voters choosing Obama.ConclusionThe results show that the effect of authoritarianism on vote choice is contingent on race/ethnicity. Too often, scholars have overlooked the potential that whom individuals deem to be their established authority is contingent on the political context. These results challenge scholars to provide a more nuanced approach to how authoritarianism influences behavior.

Outcome after Acute Head Trauma Needing Neurosurgical Intervention in Patients with Oral Anticoagulants or Anti-Thrombotic Agents

Introduction: The benefit-to-risk-ratio of anticoagulation has been discussed over years in the medical literature. Even in minor Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), anticoagulation can cause an intracranial hemorrhage. However, there is few data in literature on outcome in TBI, anticoagulation and surgery. The aim was to determine the effect of anticoagulation on outcome and mortality after TBI. Methods: We performed a retrospective review for patients after TBI needing neurosurgical intervention between January 2003 and September 2008. We compared patients with and without anticoagulation, regarding mortality and outcome. Outcome variables were Karnofsky perfomance score (KPS) and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). Statistical testing was done by means of Fishers exact test and a multiple logit model. Results: 293 patients met inclusion criteria. 245 (83.6%) were non anticoagulated patients, 48 (16.4%) received oral anticoagulation (OAC) or antithrombotic agents (ATH). Mean age in all patients was 49.3 years. Prothrombintime (PT), age, type of bleeding, neurological status on admission turned out as significant factors for mortality and outcome. Ranges of odds ratio for mortality went from 0.98 to 44.8, for KPS and GOS from 0.06 to 1.3. Anticoagulation was not a significant predicting factor for worse outcome or mortality (p 0.886; 0.926; 0.934). Conclusion: Age, neurological status on admission and compartment of bleeding are still the most significant prognostic factors for outcome after TBI. Low PT, higher age, comatose on admission, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute subdural hematomas and combined intracranial bleeding are factors predicting a worse outcome. Thus, the intensity of anticoagulation is an important factor, but not the use of these drugs itself.

Walking for Transportation or Leisure: What Difference Does the Neighborhood Make?

Patients are often advised to initiate a physical activity program by walking for transportation or leisure. This study explored whether neighborhood factors beyond the individual might affect compliance. We examined the associations between total walking and neighborhood factors in a multi-ethnic population-based sample in California and the roles race/ethnicity plays in these associations. Cross-sectional study Individual-level data were obtained from the 2003 California Health Interview Survey. Participants' census tracts were linked to Census 2000 data to capture neighborhood SES. The dependent variable was self-reported walking at recommended levels. Neighborhood SES was measured by a scale of 4 Census-based variables (alpha = 0.83). Social cohesion was measured by a scale tapping the extent of perceived social connectedness, trust, and solidarity among neighbors (alpha = 0.70). Neighborhood access to a park, playground, or open space was measured by a single item. Safety was measured by a scale of three items (alpha = 0.66). We performed a series of multiple logit models with robust variance estimates while taking complex survey design into account. Neighborhood social cohesion (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.14) and access to a park, playground, or open space (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.36) were significant environmental correlates of walking at recommended levels, independent of individual socio-demographics. Subgroup analysis showed that neighborhood effects were different by race/ethnicity. Neighborhood physical and social environmental factors are significantly associated with walking at recommended levels. Being aware of the ways that the environment could affect a patient's compliance with PA recommendations may help physicians tailor recommendations to circumstances.