Multiple Credentials Research Articles

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEMEGANG HAK ATAS TANAH TERHADAP PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM TERBITNYA SERTIFIKAT GANDA

The guarantee of legal certainty regarding land rights has been regulated in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles (UUPA). Especially in Article 19 of the UUPA in ensuring legal certainty, the Government holds land registration throughout Indonesia and the issuance of proof of land rights, namely Certificates. In reality, disputes or legal cases often arise over the issuance of double certificates on the same land plot issued by the local Land Office which results in losses for land rights holders. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the civil responsibility of the land office for the double certificate dispute and how to protect the legal protection of the land right holder for the double certificate dispute. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach. The source of legal materials in this study is secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials using the technique of collecting legal materials, namely literature studies. The result of this study is the civil responsibility of the land office for court decisions that have permanent legal force for dual certificate disputes, namely recording and/or changing the recording of certificates that are declared valid and/or do not have legal force. There is no compensation in material form from the Land Office to the holder of land rights whose certificate has been declared valid by a court decision that has permanent legal force. Legal protection of land rights holders in a dispute over multiple certificates can be carried out by canceling one of the certificates made by the authorized Head of the Land Office and/or the aggrieved party files a civil lawsuit on the basis of unlawful acts through the competent district court in accordance with the applicable legal provisions.

Enhancing Laboratory Outcomes Through “Stacked” Professional Credentials: A Study of ASCP BOC Trends

Abstract Introduction/Objective Laboratory medicine and pathology are rapidly evolving, requiring laboratory professionals to continuously adapt and enhance their skills to ensure high standards of patient care. The American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), Board of Certification (BOC) has observed a notable increase in the number of credential holders obtaining multiple, or stacked, BOC credentials. This phenomenon is not limited to the U.S. but is also evident in various countries globally. This study aims to explore the trends of stacking credentials among BOC credential holders, examining its implications for professional development, career progression, and the overall impact on laboratory outcomes. Methods/Case Report This study utilized a comprehensive analysis of ASCP BOC’s credentialing data, focusing on individuals with multiple credentials. Data were segmented by degree (Bachelor’s, MBA, PhD, etc.), credential count (ranging from 2 to 10), and geographical distribution across the U.S. and internationally. The analysis sought to identify patterns, growth trends, and the professional demographics most inclined towards obtaining stacked credentials. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) The study revealed that approximately 11% of BOC credential holders possess two or more credentials, indicating a significant trend towards continuous professional development and specialization. The breakdown of stacked credentials by degree shows a higher percentage propensity among individuals with MBAs (as one degree type). Geographical analyses highlighted hotspots for professionals seeking multiple credentials both at the domestic U.S. level and internationally. Conclusion This suggests the BOC, and by extension the laboratory medicine and pathology community, can greatly benefit from promoting and facilitating the acquisition of multiple credentials. By doing so, the field can ensure a workforce that is not only highly qualified but also adaptable to the changing dynamics of healthcare, thereby reinforcing the indispensable role of laboratory professionals in the broader healthcare ecosystem.

Provable Security Analysis of Butterfly Key Mechanism Protocol in IEEE 1609.2.1 Standard

The paper provides the first provable security analysis of the Butterfly Key Mechanism (BKM) protocol from IEEE 1609.2.1 standard. The BKM protocol specifies a novel approach for efficiently requesting multiple certificates for use in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. We define the main security goals of BKM, such as vehicle privacy and communication authenticity. We prove that the BKM protocol, with small modifications, meets those security goals. We also propose a way to significantly improve the protocol's efficiency without sacrificing security.

Legal Certainty For Holders of Land Rights Over The Issuance of Multiple Certificates

Legal Certainty For Holders of Land Rights Over The Issuance of Multiple Certificates

Transitioning GlideinWMS, a multi domain distributed workload manager, from GSI proxies to tokens and other granular credentials

GlideinWMS is a distributed workload manager that has been used in production for many years to provision resources for experiments like CERN’s CMS, many Neutrino experiments, and the OSG. Its security model was based mainly on GSI (Grid Security Infrastructure), using X.509 certificate proxies and VOMS (Virtual Organization Membership Service) extensions. Even when other credentials, like SSH keys, were used to authenticate with resources, proxies were also added all the time, to establish the identity of the requestor and the associated memberships or privileges. This single credential was used for everything and was, often implicitly, forwarded wherever needed. The addition of identity and access tokens and the phase-out of GSI forced us to reconsider the security model of GlideinWMS, to handle multiple credentials which can differ in type, technology, and functionality. Both identity tokens and access tokens are supported. GSI proxies even if no more mandatory, are still used, together with various JWT (JSON Web Token) based tokens and other certificates. The functionality of the credentials, defined by issuer, audience, and scope, also differ: a credential can allow access to a computing resource, or can protect the GlideinWMS framework from tampering, or can grant read or write access to storage, can provide an identity for accounting or auditing, or can provide a combination of any the formers. Furthermore, the tools in use do not include automatic forwarding and renewal of the new credentials so credential lifetime and renewal requirements became part of the discussion as well. In this paper, we will present how GlideinWMS was able to change its design and code to respond to all these changes.

Legal Protection For Creditors Holding Mortgage Rights On Double Certified Owned Land

This article analyzes how legal protection is for creditors holding mortgage rights on land with multiple certificates. This article was prepared using doctrinal research methods with literature study using secondary data and analyzed juridically-qualitatively by examining applicable regulations. The Mortgage Law gives the right of droit de preference or priority to creditors holding mortgage rights. However, in practice, this right is often injured by disputes over collateral rights, one of which is the dispute over the issuance of multiple certificates. In these conditions, the Land Office as the agency that issues the certificate has legal responsibility for the emergence of two certificates for land which of course is very detrimental to creditors. This is regulated in Article 54 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Regulation of the Head of BPN RI Number 3 of 2011 concerning Management, Assessment and Handling of Land Cases. The Land Office has the obligation to cancel one of the duplicate certificates and announce it to the public. Thus, this action was taken to ensure order and certainty in land matters and maintain the integrity and public trust in the land system, as well as protect the legal position of creditors holding mortgage rights to land.

Tumpang Tindih Sertifikat Tanah

Overlapping land certificates (Overlapping) is a situation where there are land parcels that overlap with other land parcels and there are multiple certificates for the same land parcel. This study aims to determine the causes of overlapping land certificates (overlapping) both in terms of internal factors and external factors and legal remedies for settlement and future legal remedies to overcome overlapping land certificates (overlapping). This research uses empirical juridical methods or research in the field that examines the implementation or implementation of applicable legal provisions and facts that occur in society. Data collection was carried out by field studies. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative analysis methods and using a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the causes of overlapping certificates (overlapping) are digitalization and also a lack of land maintenance by the community. The legal effort that can be taken to resolve the dispute is by canceling the certificate which of course has gone through several stages of the process and the future legal action is to routinely conduct outreach to certificate holders and the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs/BPN will immediately carry out electronic certificates in order to reduce overlapping land certificates (overlapping).

The Responsibility Of The National Land Agency For The Issuance Of Certificate Breakdown Whose Parent Certificate Has Not Been Split

Multiple certificates, namely a plot of land that has more than one certificate, causing legal uncertainty for holders of land rights which is highly undesirable in land registration in Indonesia. The purpose of this study, among other things, is to find out and analyze the responsibility of the National Land Agency when it was discovered that there were multiple certificates based on Decree Number: 177/Pdt.G/2022/PN Tjk. The research method uses a normative and empirical juridical approach. This case of multiple certificates can occur because the main certificate has not been mapped, so when an online check is carried out through an application it cannot be read, resulting in the re-creation of the certificate either partially or wholly on the same land by another party. If there are several certificates, the responsibility of the National Land Agency is to assist in mediation between certificate holders. If it cannot be resolved through mediation, the National Land Agency will help direct it to a settlement in the District Court or State Administrative Court because it is the State Administrative Court or District Court that can decide whether or not the certificate is cancelled.

The impacts of food certificate adoption on e-commerce income among small online agri-food sellers

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the determinants of food certificate adoption and analyse the impacts of food certificates on e-commerce income among small online agri-food sellers in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used data from an online survey of 228 small-online agri-food sellers in East Java, Indonesia. This study aims to focus on two food certificates: a mandatory Halal (Islamic dietary law) certificate and the P-IRT certificate, a food safety certificate for home-based businesses. A maximum simulated likelihood (MSL) estimator was employed to account for selection bias and endogeneity.FindingsThe study highlights the continued importance of certification in agri-food markets, including e-commerce and the need to consider the degree of substitutability and resource allocation between multiple food certificates. It finds that online agri-food sellers adopting the Halal certificate earn two to three times higher compared to non-adopters. Conversely, the gross income per month from e-commerce sales is 78% lower among those adopting the P-IRT certificate. Moreover, access to regulatory information sources motivates the likelihood of adopting food certificates. In contrast, the business size, marketing channels, contractual relationship and management capabilities are insignificant factors for the adoption of any of the Halal and P-IRT certificate combinations.Research limitations/implicationsResults from this research might be specific to the context of the focus study area, thereby reducing their generalisability. In addition to gathering representative samples, future research should also capture more complex dimensions of food certificates. These include the cost of acquiring food certificates, online sellers' perceptions of food certificate adoption, and emerging topics such as group certification and the use of technology.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this research is one of the first studies investigating the adoption of food certificates within the e-commerce setting. This study also contributes to the small number of studies looking at multiple certificate adoption and food certificate issues from the retailers' perspectives

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENERBITAN SERTIFIKAT GANDA (STUDI DI BPN KOTA MATARAM)

The purpose of this is to find out how legal responsibility is for the issuance of multiple certificates (a study at BPN Kota Mataram). To answer the problem formulation the author uses normative legal research, with statutory approach methods (statute approach), and conceptual approach (conceptual approach) and case approach (case approach). As for the results of the study, it was concluded that legal responsibility for the issuance of multiple certificates (study at the Mataram City BPN) is to carry out non-litigation handling, namely at the Mataram City BPN Office and then can continue into the realm of litigation, namely in civil or state administrative courts, where BPN Mataram City as a party. This is done by referring to the applicable laws and regulations, namely the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs/Head of the National Land Agency Number 9 of 1999 concerning Procedures for Granting and Canceling State Land Rights and Management Rights or Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the Land Agency National Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2016 concerning Settlement of Land Cases or Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 21 of 2020 Handling and Settlement of Land Cases. Which of the three regulations is used depends on when the land case is submitted to the land office. In cases with the decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 45/G/2016/PTUN.MTR, accountability for multiple certificates refers to the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2016 concerning Settlement of Land Cases.

Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Badan Pertanahan Nasional Terhadap Keberadaan Sertifikat Ganda

Certificate of land rights as a product of land registration which provides legal certainty and legal protection to persons or legal entities. However, sometimes more than one certificate is issued by the National Land Agency which results in multiple certificates. This writing aims to find out how the legal responsibility of the National Land Agency is for the existence of multiple certificates. This research is a normative juridical research by means of research conducted by collecting primary, secondary, tertiary data obtained by using library research. The results of the study show that the legal responsibility of the land agency if there are multiple certificates is carried out in the form of legal responsibility in the aspects of civil law and administrative law. Legal responsibility in the aspect of civil law, When the land agency issues a certificate resulting in the appearance of multiple certificates which results in a loss to the parties to the said certificate, it is obligatory to compensate for the intended loss. Meanwhile, the legal responsibility of the land agency from the legal aspect of state administration is based on the granting of authority to the land agency to issue certificates of land rights. Every agency or official in exercising authority must be responsible for its implementation. Implementation of legal responsibility from the legal aspect of state administration through the act of canceling the intended certificate. As well as the legal consequences for officials of the national land agency if there is a double certificate, there are sanctions for the land agency official who issues the certificate which results in a double certificate.

Analysis of Legal Protection for Owners of Multiple Land Certificates Issued The Badan Pertanahan Nasional

The research objective is to analyze the legal consequences of multiple land certificates with the same object. To study the law for holders of various certificates. To analyze the Supreme Court Decision number 1820K/Pdt/2021. The research method uses a qualitative approach that narrates events that occurred in the field. Data collection techniques through interviews with judges and plaintiffs and documentation studies in the form of archives at the supreme court. The conclusion is that the legal consequences of multiple certificates on land with the same object due to the negligence of the head of the land agency are legal uncertainty in the ownership of various certificates so that multiple certificates can be canceled through a Court Decision because they have permanent legal force (Eintracht van gewijsde), the land agency must is responsible for issuing double certificates and revoking them because they have been declared null and void. Legal protection for land certificate holders, as stated in Government Regulation no. 24 of 1997, Article 19 paragraph (2) letter c, Article 23 paragraph (2), Article 32 paragraph (2), and Article 38 paragraph (2). The certificate is valid as strong evidence; with the Supreme Court's cancellation decision Number 1820 K/Pdt/2021, with Property Rights Certificate no. 535 in Cipatujah Village, legal protection for certificate owners has yet to materialize.

A Novel Authentication Method That Combines Honeytokens and Google Authenticator

Despite the rapid development of technology, computer systems still rely heavily on passwords for security, which can be problematic. Although multi-factor authentication has been introduced, it is not completely effective against more advanced attacks. To address this, this study proposes a new two-factor authentication method that uses honeytokens. Honeytokens and Google Authenticator are combined to create a stronger authentication process. The proposed approach aims to provide additional layers of security and protection to computer systems, increasing their overall security beyond what is currently provided by single-password or standard two-factor authentication methods. The key difference is that the proposed system resembles a two-factor authentication but, in reality, works like a multi-factor authentication system. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security technique that verifies a user’s identity by requiring multiple credentials from distinct categories. These typically include knowledge factors (something the user knows, such as a password or PIN), possession factors (something the user has, such as a mobile phone or security token), and inherence factors (something the user is, such as a biometric characteristic like a fingerprint). This multi-tiered approach significantly enhances protection against potential attacks. We examined and evaluated our system’s robustness against various types of attacks. From the user’s side, the system is as friendly as a two-factor authentication method with an authenticator and is more secure.

Role of The Supreme Court in Legal Dispute Settlement Against Property Certificate Holders With Multiple Certificate Issuance

There have been 31,228 land-related cases in Indonesia in the last four years. As much as 37 percent of the total is a matter of dispute. This problem is generally due to overlapping business use rights (HGU). The purpose of this research is to examine the legal certainty of land rights that have dual ownership certificates. The research method used in this paper is a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach. Settlement through the Court, is carried out if the counseling effort stops or it turns out that there is a fundamental problem that needs to be resolved by another authorized agency, such as a court, it is advisable for the person concerned to submit the matter to the Court. In relation to the dual certificates, the Supreme Court (MA) is of the opinion that if there are two or more certificates on the same land, the valid and legally binding certificate is the certificate issued earlier. There are still not many studies that examine the role of the Supreme Court in resolving legal disputes against property rights certificate holders with the issuance of multiple certificates.

Distributed Authentication in a Multi-Zone Direct Acyclic Graph Blockchain for IoT Environment

This research paper presents an indepth examination of the security aspects of the Multiple Zone Direct Acyclic Graph Blockchain (MZ-DAG Blockchain) framework. The MZ-DAG Blockchain features a security layer that implements a non-clonable physical function-based validation mechanism for the authentication of multiple certificates within the blockchain. To enhance the security of this layer, this study proposes the integration of a lightweight intrusion detection system specifically designed for the MZ-DAG Blockchain. This work is a contribution to the ongoing efforts to secure and streamline the implementation of blockchain networks in resourceconstrained environments.

Design Strategy Plus Pandemic Serendipity: Technology-Enhanced Entrepreneurship Education Using Open Learning and Micro-Credentials

In a recent pilot for a redesign of an undergraduate entrepreneurship course, factors for consideration included: materials and resource costs, ability for work-integrated learning, and responding to the contemporary needs of the workplace outside of the post-secondary institution. The utilization of an industry leader’s open learning platform and the implementation of micro-credential certificates supported students’ learning experiences that bridged theory to experience and work-integrated learning. The use of multiple credentials (in addition to course grading) provided additional dimensions of learning and experience. This redesign was developed through 2019 and launched in January prior to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the 2020 winter semester. The intentional strategy in this course design was to build student competencies through theory and content, developing an application with micro-credential certificates, and utilizing work-integrated learning with students creating an ecommerce website to service an existing business or start-up plan. Serendipitously, as businesses and the ecommerce platform were forced to quickly adjust in response to the impacts of the pandemic, undergraduate students were able to learn and design in authentic circumstances and applications. Critical questions are raised concerning equitable access to technology and the reciprocity of gains in the open learning platform between students, institutions, and profitable businesses.

Sengketa Sertipikat Ganda Akibat Perbuatan Melawan Hukum

Legal certainty for land ownership in the form of a certificate has been regulated in Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 jo. Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021, but not all certificates provide legal certainty, as in civil case No. 282/PDT.G/2020/PN SMG, namely land ownership disputes, namely the existence of multiple certificates of land rights on the same plot of land. The research is to find out how legal protection is related to legal certainty for holders of proof of ownership of land rights based on Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 jo. PP Number 18 of 2021 concerning Land Registration by disclosing facts according to the conditions and realities that exist in society. The method used is normative. Legal certainty regarding land ownership is evidenced by a certificate that has been made in accordance with applicable procedures. The inhibiting factor for the government in the land registration process so that the products issued do not cause administrative defects is the existence of socialization from the government, in this case ATR/BPN, for all processes and documents that need to be considered in the land registration process.

Legal Effects on PPAT That are Involved in the Making of Multiple Certificates

In the implementation of maintaining and protecting the rights of citizens and providing clear legal certainty regarding the registration of a plot of land in order to legalize ownership of land parcels and individual rights in control over land on the basis of PP no. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. PPAT is a public official who is authorized to make a deed of transfer of land rights, deed of assignment of land rights, and deed of power of attorney to impose Mortgage Rights. With this authority, PPAT can take other people's rights by making land deeds for the issuance of other certificates on land owned by other people, so there will be multiple certificates on the same piece of land. In his behavior that violates and abuses his authority and obligations as PPAT, the legal impact of dishonorable dismissal or criminal threats needs to be carried out in order to protect the rights of land owners from crimes committed by PPAT that can harm other parties.

A close-up of bibliographic coupling on organizational communication in sports research

The emergence of sport sociology related to sport and communication spurred a gradual entry into academic research. This study uses bibliometric analysis of bibliographic coupling, a phenomenon that occurs when two texts quote the same source. The purpose of this study is to explore publishing trends using the unit of analysis bibliographical coupling on organizational communication in sports. The results indicated that 419 publications had been indexed in the Scopus database between 1981 and 2022. Articles were the most common document published in the database, accumulating 265 papers. Social Sciences is the most significant subject area, with 214 records. A paper written by Winand et al. in 2019 entitled “International sports federations’ social media communication: A content analysis of FIFA’s Twitter account” has become a document that obtained more citations accruing a total strength of 91. Notably, this analysis alludes that the International Journal of Sport Communication has become the most multiple credentials, with 240 citations. Two scholars, Anagnostopoulos, C. and Chadwick, S., were credited as successful authors. Griffith University, from Australia, advanced 67 citations. The United States became the leading country with total link strength of 3876. It can be concluded that research on this topic is expanding due to the empowerment of research methodologies and the development of new research contributions in the form of new avenues. Researchers and practitioners can increase future understanding in this field by thoroughly examining sports communication in numerous research areas.

The Role of Land Deed Maker Officials (PPAT) and the National Land Agency (BPN) in Prevention of Land Mafia

This study aims to analyze: 1) The role of Land Deed Maker Officials (PPAT) and the National Land Agency (BPN) in preventing land mafia in Tuban Regency. 2) Legal protection for victims of land certificates transferred by the land mafia. The approach method used in this study is an empirical juridical approach. The research specification used is descriptive analytical research. This type of data uses primary and secondary data sourced from interviews and literature studies. The data analysis method used in this research is qualitative data analysis. The results of the study concluded: 1) The role of Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) and the National Land Agency (BPN) in preventing land mafia in Tuban Regency was carried out to provide legal certainty and protection for the community. The role of the PPAT is to ensure that the parties who will carry out the sale and purchase transactions, read and sign the deed in front of the parties, check and match documents to the BPN, and act carefully in making the deed. Meanwhile, the role of BPN is to reform human resources, re-examine files from PPAT, accelerate PTSL, socialize electronic certificates. 2). Legal protection for victims of land certificates transferred by the land mafia in a preventive manner is by preventive measures such as forming a task force for eradicating land mafias, increasing the integrity and professionalism of law enforcement officers, BPN and PPAT, increasing cooperation between officers, accelerating certification with the PTSL program, as well as providing strict criminal threats to land mafia perpetrators who are proven to have committed crimes. The repressive protection provided to the victim is in the case of the land mafia related to overlapping certificates, multiple certificates, and others, which can be resolved in several ways, such as mediation between village heads or through a court lawsuit.