The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations of innovative and digital teaching methods in the vocal training of future music teachers. It highlights the importance of using a variety of information, intellectual, and innovative educational technologies. It considers the methodological aspects of the teacher's artistic and pedagogical communication. The importance of using the following information tools is emphasized: electronic textbooks, multimedia systems, expert systems, etc. The features of teaching art education using digital methods, such as interactive applications, multimedia materials, online courses, etc., are analyzed. A set of innovative teaching methods for acquiring vocal and technical competencies by students is outlined, namely: phonetic, problem-solving, problem-based, heuristic methods, diachronic analysis of musical works, synchronic analysis, etc. A set of digital technologies used during students' creative activities (VRChat platform, etc.) is considered, in particular, participation in the art project "Virtual Choir in Ukraine" (Adobe Audition audio editor, Adobe Premiere Pro software, etc.). The importance of interactive programs for vocal training in the creation of artistic projects, concert performances, arrangement software, video lessons, and master classes has been substantiated. It has been demonstrated that in concert activities, future teachers perform vocal works accompanied by digital pianos and synthesizers, experimenting with different sounds and styles. The importance of further research, in particular the role of artificial intelligence in arts education, has been outlined. The importance of further research, in particular the role of artificial intelligence in arts education, is outlined.

To enhance spatial detail in remote sensing images, super-resolution (SR) has become essential. Conventional single-image SR suffers from limited information, often producing overly smoothed results. Reference-based SR leverages high-resolution reference images to mitigate this issue, but real-world scenarios face cross-sensor discrepancies and temporal land-cover changes, causing concept omission and mismatch that hinder effective reference utilization. To address these challenges, the authors propose a diffusion-based SR framework with semantic reference matching, namely Semantic Reference Matching and Diffusion Learning for Intelligent Super-Resolution in Visual Information Systems (SRM-DL). It comprises two key modules: (a) Concept Activation, which uses diffusion priors to recover missing structures, and (b) Attribute Concentration, which used a local–global dual-branch alignment to robustly incorporate semantically consistent reference information while suppressing mismatches. Multiscale consistency constraints further align reference and target features across spatial and semantic domains. Extensive experiments validated its effectiveness and practical potential in multimedia visual information systems.

This special issue presents recent advances in multimedia systems research showcased at ACM Multimedia Systems 2024 and its co-located workshops. The selected papers span adaptive and immersive video streaming, low-latency and scalable delivery architectures, and innovations in video coding and processing. Together, they illustrate the rapid progress and broad impact of emerging techniques across the multimedia stack.

The multimedia communication and image-sharing platform development has increased exponentially, which enhances the threat of unauthorized entry, degradation through compression, and the manipulation of the visual data. The classical watermarking methods that are based on fixed-domain transforms are likely DCT and DWT are not always adaptive to different compression rates, and do not have high robustness to adversarial environments. In addition, methods that are available are limited by low levels of imperceptibility or computation, which hinder real time or large-scale application. In order to overcome such limitations, a new Quantum-Optimized Hierarchical Chunk Encoding (QHCE) model of perceptually adaptive and compression-sensitive image watermarking is proposed. The offered approach incorporates the entropy-based quadtree partitioning of the image into chunks, saliency-based region selection, and transform-domain embedding of watermark with the use of multi-layers DWT. Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) is used to find the optimal location, band and strength of the embedding parameter that results in a good trade-off between the robustness and the visual fidelity. The model was trained with Python 3.10 and PyWavelets and Qiskit and tested on Kodak image dataset at different JPEG compression ratios. Experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement over baseline methods, with an average PSNR of 57.8 dB, SSIM of 0.997, 0.00% BER, and 100% extraction accuracy at QF ≥ 70. The QGA-based optimization also achieved a 19% increase in payload capacity and a 25% reduction in runtime compared to non-optimized baselines. Integrity verification reached 99.95% accuracy using SHA-256 and Hamming distance analysis. Integrating quantum-inspired optimization within a perceptually driven encoding pipeline offers a scalable, secure, and highly robust solution for next-generation visual data protection. This provides a compelling direction for future research in quantum-secure multimedia systems and watermark resilience.

Gesture-based interaction provides a natural and contactless way to control multimedia systems, reducing reliance on traditional input devices. This project presents a Hand Gesture Based Video Playback and Volume Adjustment System using Computer Vision techniques. The system leverages real-time hand tracking and gesture recognition to perform essential video control functions such as play, pause, scroll down, screenshot and volume adjustment. By mapping specific hand gestures to playback commands, users can interact with the system naturally without relying on physical devices such as remote controls or keyboards. Volume control is achieved by measuring the distance between the index finger and the thumb, enabling smooth and continuous audio adjustment.

Securing visual information against sophisticated cyber threats remains a core challenge in modern cryptography because many existing chaos-based image encryption schemes suffer from low key sensitivity and static substitution. To overcome these intrinsic limitations, this study develops a multistage image encryption framework by synergistically fusing the Lorenz chaotic system, Secure Hash Algorithm 256 (SHA-256), and Discrete Time Quantum-inspired Walks (DTQWs). The chaotic Lorenz system yields highly sensitive diffusion sequences via bitwise modular operations, whereas the DTQW dynamically constructs plaintext-dependent Substitution Boxes (S-Boxes) and thereby reinforces confusion to minimize statistical predictability. The SHA-256 hash introduces a session-dependent quantum coin rotation parameter to ensure dynamic evolution with intrinsic plaintext sensitivity during the encryption process. Extensive simulations demonstrate outstanding security performance of the proposed scheme: near ideal entropy value of 7.9999, the Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR) and the Unified Average Intensity Value (UACI) rates of 99.6 % and 33.5%, correlation coefficients close to zero, and high decryption reconstruction fidelity with Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR = infty) and Normalized Correlation Coefficient (NCC = 1) for lossless recovery in our python based-evaluations. Compared with other state-of-the-art chaotic and quantum-inspired encryption techniques, the proposed framework offers superior randomness, a good diffusion-confusion balance, and robustness against statistical and differential attacks. Thus, it is a promising candidate for secure image communication and high-assurance data protection in next-generation multimedia systems.

Abstract Non-Technical Summary Agriculture is the single largest cause for transgressing planetary boundaries. A global transformation to sustainable intensification is required in order to hold the windows open for meeting the Paris climate accord of limiting global warming to 1.5°C and the global biodiversity framework of halting loss of biodiversity, while securing food for a growing world population. Conservation Agriculture (CA) offers the only universally applicable agricultural practices that can be adopted at scale and speed, i.e., across all agro-ecological zones within the coming 1–2 decades. We review the rationale, evolution, and prospects of CA across the world. Technical summary We estimate that CA has almost doubled from approximately 100 to 200 M ha between 2008/09 and 2018/19, covering approximately 15% of global cropland. Our projections until 2024, estimates another 30% increase (to 250–270 M ha), with a potential of expanding to 50% of global cropland area by 2050 (≈700 M ha). CA includes three fundamental principles; zero-tillage, cover crops, and diverse crop rotations. Converting from conventional tillage-based ploughing to CA sequesters ∼0.1–2 t C ha −1 yr −1 . Considering an average sequestration potential with CA of 0.5–0.9 t carbon ha −1 y −1 , converting the total 1.5 billion ha of global cropland to CA could sequester 0.41–0.82 billion t of carbon ha −1 y −1 . Additionally, CA reduces pressure on biodiversity, increases soil moisture holding capacity, builds resilience of plant production to extremes, and reduces fuel use for tillage by 50–70 %. CA has proven to maintain, stabilize, and increase high yield levels in intensive agricultural systems, which currently are stagnating or even decreasing in tillage-based agricultural systems, while significantly increasing yield levels on relatively poor or degraded agricultural soils. While CA is not a panacea for all food production challenges, it is difficult to find a more ready-to-scale farm practice. Multi Media Summary Conservation Agriculture offers a universally applicable agricultural practices that can be adopted at scale and speed.

Learning quadratic functions presents challenges for tenth-grade students, particularly in graph construction and understanding the role of coefficients. This study aims to integrate Liveworksheets, GeoGebra, and Educaplay into quadratic function learning through the development of web-based instructional materials. The study employed the ADDIE development model and involved five subject matter experts, five media experts, and 28 tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Cibeber during the 2024–2025 academic year. Data were collected using feasibility and effectiveness questionnaires and analyzed descriptively and statistically. The developed materials consist of structured student worksheets incorporating GeoGebra-based interactive activities and Educaplay quizzes. Expert validation results indicate that the materials meet very feasible criteria, while student responses demonstrate very effective criteria. These findings suggest that the integrated web-based materials support students’ conceptual understanding of quadratic functions and promote interactive mathematics learning. In conclusion, the integration of Liveworksheets, GeoGebra, and Educaplay within a unified multimedia system provides an effective and feasible solution to enhance students’ visualization skills, conceptual comprehension, and learning engagement in quadratic function topics. This study contributes theoretically by reinforcing constructivist and technology-integrated learning approaches, methodologically by introducing a three-platform integrated multimedia model within the ADDIE framework, and practically by offering an innovative digital learning alternative aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum and 21st-century mathematics education principles.

This study aims to examine the effect of biofiltration material particle size on changes in pH and BOD values in the treatment of domestic household wastewater. Domestic wastewater generally contains organic materials that can increase BOD levels and cause pH imbalance, so a treatment process is required before being discharged into the environment. The study was conducted using a filtration method using a combination of bagasse, coconut shell charcoal, and zeolite media with particle sizes varying from 20, 40, and 70 mesh. The pH analysis was carried out using a pH meter, while the BOD value was measured using a DO meter. The results showed that the finer the particle size of the biofiltration media (larger mesh), the more effective the process of reducing pH and BOD values. The pH value after filtration was in the range of 7.9–8.3, while the BOD value decreased significantly from 153 mg/L to 33.9 mg/L. Although the BOD value does not fully meet the quality standards according to the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 11 of 2025, these results indicate that the multi-media biofiltration system has potential as an environmentally friendly method for small-scale domestic wastewater treatment.

The authors of the article analyzed the foreign and Russian experience in creating maps and atlases of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) on different scales—from global to local. We have studied cartographic works presented both in paper and electronic form, in the form of separate maps (including as part of atlas works), atlases, GIS atlases and multimedia atlas information systems. The most mapped class of ICH of the peoples of Russia are traditional technologies and techniques (including folk crafts), while other types of intangible heritage—folk performance, oral art, rituals and holidays—are almost not mapped due to the difficulties in collecting information. The authors investigated the existing registers of ICH of the peoples of Russia at the federal and regional levels and implemented their own experience in creating a web map of ICH objects based on the registry data presented on the culture.ru portal and containing 447 objects. As a result of the research, we have identified the most important actual problems that specialists may face when mapping and conducting geospatial research on this topic. The main problem of ICH mapping in Russia is the lack of a unified register with sufficient completeness. Another problem is related to the variability of the localization of mapped objects. An ICH object may belong to one or more localities, one or more municipal districts, or even regions. To create maps, it is necessary to take this circumstance into account and develop approaches to visualization of ICH objects of different coverage, depending on the territory, scale, thematic features of the map and other factors.

The rapid growth of multimedia applications necessitates lightweight and hardware-efficient image encryption techniques for secure communication and data protection. This study presents a comparative evaluation of six image encryption algorithms using MATLAB simulations on standard grayscale images, assessed through NPCR, UACI, entropy, SSIM, PSNR, correlation, chi-square, NIST SP 800-22 statistical tests, and key sensitivity analysis. The results show that while all methods provide strong encryption performance, the Modified Rubik’s Cube (MRC) algorithm consistently achieves near-ideal entropy, high NPCR and UACI values, low pixel correlation, and accurate image reconstruction after decryption. Furthermore, the Rubik’s Cube, Modified Rubik’s Cube, and Chaotic Maps with Circular Shifts algorithms were implemented using Verilog HDL and synthesized on FPGA devices with AMD Xilinx tools. The MRC implementation demonstrated reduced setup delay, balanced power utilization, and low total supply power, confirming its effectiveness for real-time, energy-efficient, and secure image encryption suitable for embedded, IoT, and portable multimedia systems.

Digital resources, as an effective means of digital storage, can be preserved for a long time. On the one hand, it provides high-quality data sources for the implementation of salvage protection of intangible cultural heritage. On the other hand, it can compensate for the problems of resource heterogeneity, single storage method, and currently undefined protection level and priority in the rescue protection of intangible cultural heritage. Due to the complexity of intangible cultural heritage and the liveliness of its cultural space, ensuring the long-term preservation, visibility, and readability of digital images is a problem that image recorders need to consider. In the process of transforming dynamic cultural heritage into digital images, it is necessary to restore and reproduce the original ecological behavior of intangible cultural heritage. This article explores how digital imaging can be applied to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. Through the virtual reality technology integration of computer graphics, multimedia, digital animation, network communication and modern technology cloud storage service system, real scenes and virtual objects are superimposed in real time, and innovation is the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage solutions.

Hydrangea-like biomimetic MgO-modified coconut shell biochar for remediation of multi-media heavy metal pollution: Morphological innovation and underlying mechanisms.

This study examines the motivational and sustainability effects of an Anki-based, individualized project-based learning (PBL) model in an elementary Hindi language course. Conventional PBL approaches in language education typically rely on collaborative, production-focused tasks that can be demanding for novice learners and usually conclude when the final project is submitted, leaving little structured support for continued practice. In this study, script, vocabulary, expression, sentence patterns, and pronunciation are not treated as background work but defined as the core pedagogical problem. Over the semester, each learner builds and refines a personalized Anki deck—a multimedia flashcard system based on spaced repetition—designed to support Devanagari word and sentence recognition, pronunciation practice, listening comprehension, and vocabulary retention. Each student constructed an individual deck aligned with course content, selecting vocabulary items, creating example sentences, and developing personalized memory cues that matched their learning pace and needs. Motivation was measured with a modified Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) using only positively worded items to enhance reliability. Results showed consistently high scores across all ARCS domains, particularly for Confidence (M = 3.86) and Satisfaction (M = 3.93). Female students reported higher average scores, but gender showed no association with motivational grouping. Strong correlations among ARCS dimensions indicated consistent engagement across motivational components. Cluster analysis identified two groups of learners: highly motivated learners who treated deck creation as an ongoing learning resource, and less motivated learners who still maintained scores above the neutral midpoint—engaged enough to manage typical beginner challenges. The findings suggest that Anki-based PBL can make project-based learning workable at the novice level. By positioning deck creation as both the problem students solve and the tool they build, the model integrates continuous, self-paced practice into the project structure rather than treating it as a one-time deliverable. This design responds to a familiar gap in beginner language instruction: what happens when formal scaffolding ends. Unlike conventional PBL, which concludes with project submission, this approach creates a resource learners can use independently over time, embedding ongoing vocabulary retention and autonomous practice into the learning experience itself.

Designing inclusive multimedia systems that meet diverse accessibility needs remains a complex challenge requiring iterative refinement and sustained collaboration with end-users. This paper presents an empirically grounded case study of an accessible Augmented Reality (AR) authoring tool project that integrates Design-Based Research (DBR) with Agile Scrum. By blending DBR’s iterative design experimentation with Scrum’s adaptive software development cycles, we designed and implemented a multimedia authoring tool for instructors with diverse accessibility needs. We document the best practices derived through iterative evaluation, such as early stakeholder involvement, the use of accessibility-focused user stories, and the alignment of research evaluation cycles with sprint reviews. The study also identifies key challenges, including balancing research and development goals, coordinating interdisciplinary roles, and maintaining an accessibility focus under compressed iteration cycles. We situate our contribution within prior DBR–Agile integrations, emphasizing its novelty in addressing inclusive system design rather than pedagogical interventions. The paper offers actionable insights and a validated methodological framework for human–computer interaction (HCI) researchers and practitioners seeking to design accessible multimedia systems by leveraging the complementary strengths of DBR and Agile Scrum.

The role of technology in revitalizing expository learning strategies in the 21st century. Expository learning strategies are direct teaching methods by teachers with verbal explanations of material, which are effective in conveying factual information but have been criticized for not stimulating critical thinking and not catering to the variety of student learning styles. This study examines how the integration of digital technology and active learning approaches can improve the effectiveness and engagement of students in expository learning. The use of multimedia, digital platforms, and learning management systems (LMS) opens up opportunities for more interactive and collaborative teaching. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the management of digital learning must be addressed so that technology can optimally improve the quality of teaching. Curriculum revitalization is also important to align education with industry needs and technological developments, emphasizing the development of practical skills and digital literacy so that graduates are ready to compete in the global job market. This study provides analysis and suggestions for education practitioners to implement more adaptive and effective expository learning strategies in today's digital era.

In the context of globalization and digitization, English listening and speaking skills are crucial, and multimedia resources bring new opportunities for English listening and speaking teaching. This study aims to explore its application effect in English listening and speaking training. Through a 12-week controlled experiment, learning behavior tracking, and questionnaire survey, the study found that different multimedia resources have varying effects on improving language skills, with dose effects and cognitive load moderating effects. However, excessive reliance on multimedia resources can lead to learners' distraction, weakened self-learning ability, and cannot completely replace real interpersonal communication. This study provides empirical evidence for constructing a precise multimedia language learning system, which will help promote the reform of English listening and speaking teaching and facilitate the digital transformation from “teacher centered” to “learner centered.”

The use of Information Technology has penetrated various sectors, including education. In the digital era, video editing applications are among the most widely used tools, as students tend to be more engaged with video-based content than with text-based learning materials. This study aims to improve teaching methods by empowering teachers to create engaging learning videos using digital applications. The program was implemented at SDN 133 Inpres Paririsi Takalar, involving 27 elementary school teachers with diverse educational backgrounds, teaching subjects, and teaching experience. A Practical and Participatory training model was applied over a two-month period. Evaluations were conducted before and after the training to assess its effectiveness in enhancing teachers’ video editing skills. The results showed a significant improvement in teachers' abilities to use video editing applications and increased confidence in delivering digital-based learning content. The main challenges faced by teachers included limited initial digital literacy and time constraints during implementation. This study contributes to addressing the digital content creation skill gap among elementary school teachers. The expected outputs include: (1) a user guide module for video editing applications, (2) publication in an accredited national journal, and (3) enrichment materials for the Multimedia Systems course. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term impact of the training and its applicability to other educational levels.

Modern multimedia systems demand high-speed and low-power arithmetic units, especially in image processing applications where full accuracy is often unnecessary. Traditional exact multipliers, while precise, impose substantial overhead in terms of power, delay, and hardware complexity. Approximate computing has emerged as a promising paradigm to relax accuracy constraints in favor of performance gains. However, designing efficient approximate compressors that offer both minimal error and hardware efficiency remains a challenge. In this study, we propose novel 4:2 and 7:2 approximate compressor architectures based on current-mode logic and pass-transistor techniques, optimized for CNTFET 32 nm technology. These compressors are integrated into two- and three-stage Dadda multipliers for 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 image processing tasks. Simulation results demonstrate significant reductions in power-delay product and transistor count, while maintaining competitive image quality based on PSNR and MSSIM metrics. The proposed designs provide a balanced trade-off between computational efficiency and perceptual accuracy, making them ideal for energy-constrained multimedia systems.

The Challenges Facing The Use Of Multimedia Systems In Teaching And Learning In Primary Schools In Mbeya District Council, Tanzania