Multimedia Research Articles

An Integrated Multi-Media Modeling System for Regional- to National-Scale Nitrogen and Crop Productivity Assessments

Excessive nutrients transported from agricultural fields into the environment are causing environmental and ecological problems. This study uses an integrated multi-media modeling system version 1 (IMMMS 1.0) linking air, land surface, and watershed processes to assess corn grain yield and nitrogen (N) losses resulting from changing fertilization conditions across the contiguous United States. Two fertilizer management scenarios (FMSs) were compared and evaluated: 2006 FMS, developed based on the 2006 fertilizer sales data; and 2011 FMS, developed based on 2011 fertilizer sales and manure. Corn grain yields captured historical reported values with average percent errors of 4.8% and 0.7% for the 2006 FMS and 2011 FMS, respectively. Increased nitrogen (N) application of 21.2% resulted in a slightly increased corn grain yield of 5% in the 2011 FMS, but the simulated total N loss (through denitrification, volatilization, water, and sediment) increased to 49.3%. A better correlation was identified between crop N uptake and N application in the 2006 FMS (R2 = 0.60) than the 2011 FMS (R2 = 0.51), indicating that applied N was better utilized by crops in the 2006 FMS. Animal manure could create nutrient surpluses and lead to greater N loss, as identified in the regions of the Pacific and Southern Plains in the 2011 FMS. Manure nutrient management is important and urgently needed to protect our air and water quality. The IMMMS 1.0 is responsive to different FMSs and can be utilized to address alternative management scenarios to determine their impact when addressing the sustainability of food production and environmental issues.

Hand Gesture Video Navigation System

Hand gesture video navigation system control provides a seamless and touch-free way to interact with multimedia systems, enhancing user convenience and accessibility. This project presents an automated system that enables users to control video playback using only hand movements, eliminating the need for physical remotes or touch screens. The system recognizes specific gestures to perform essential functions such as playing and pausing videos, fast-forwarding and rewinding, increasing and decreasing volume, and zooming in and out. A camera captures hand movementsin real time, and the system processesthese gesturesto execute corresponding video control commands. This intuitive approach enhances user experience, making video navigation more efficient and responsive. This project contributes to the advancement of touchless human- computer interaction, making video control more accessible and user-friendly across various applications. Here MediaPipe and OpenCV are playing a key role in the development of Hand gesture video navigation system.

A compressed image encryption algorithm leveraging optimized 3D chaotic maps for secure image communication

In today’s digital age, sensitive multimedia informations are transmitted over public networks that are vulnerable to unauthorized access and data tampering. This motivates more robust encryption methods to combat such security threats. In this paper, a chaotic map-based encryption technique is presented as a solution to these issues. The proposed algorithm termed as OptiSecure-3D presents optimized parameter-based 3D chaotic maps for image encryption. The method integrates three primary components: stacked autoencoder (SAE), optimized parameter-based chaotic mapping, and encryption/decryption module, to ensure robust and secure encryption of images. The result evaluated the proposed OptiSecure-3D image encryption algorithm with a randomness test, pixel adjacency correlation test, and differential analysis. The mean entropy was approx. 7.9 and the mean number of pixels changing rate (NPCR) was approx. 99.8, unified average changing intensity (UACI) was approx. 33.46. Moreover, the OptiSecure-3D algorithm also investigated the result under noise attacks and shows better cryptanalysis results as compared to comparative state-of-art models. The findings suggest that our chaotic map-based encryption technique not only provides an effective solution to the security vulnerabilities of digital image transmission but also enhances the overall reliability of multimedia communication systems. This paper presents a significant advancement in the field of secure image encryption to meets the increasing demands for data security in modern digital communication networks.

Artificial Intelligence Based Smart Home Energy Management System

A home automation system controls lighting, temperature, multimedia systems, and appliances. Since these devices and sensors are connected to common infrastructure, they form the Internet of Things. A home automation system links multiple controllable devices to a centralized server. These devices have a user interface for controlling and monitoring, which can be accessed by using a tablet or a mobile application, which can be accessed remotely as well. Ideally, anything that can be connected to a network can be automated and controlled remotely. Smart homes must be artificially intelligent systems that need to adapt themselves based on user actions and surroundings. These systems need to carefully analyze the user needs and the conditions of the surroundings in order to predict future actions and also minimizes user interaction. Traditional home automation systems that provide only remote access and control are not that effective in terms of being ‘smart’, so in this paper we put forward the use of concepts of different machine learning algorithms along with computer vision to shape together a smart learning automated system that controls lighting, sound and other devices based on the user’s emotion. Keywords-Machine learning(ML), AI(Artificial intelligence), Smart home(SM), Internet of things (IoT), MQTT, Raspberry pi

Russian industrial enterprises: digitalization of production and business processes

The article analyzes the current state and prospects of digitalization of industrial enterprises in Russia. The main attention is paid to increasing the pace of digital transformation of industry, the role of artificial intelligence in the automation of production processes and the strategic importance of the comprehensive integration of multimedia systems into the work of enterprises. Examples of successful integration of digital technologies at large industrial enterprises are given, and the problems and challenges facing digital transformation are discussed.

Effects of VR-Based Serious Games on Gross Motor Skills in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Special Education: A Pilot Study.

Serious games are digital games designed for education or therapy. Virtual reality (VR)-based serious games have shown potential in enhancing motor learning, but their role in improving gross motor skills in children with ASD in special education remains underexplored. This randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of VR-based serious games in improving gross motor skills in children with ASD. Forty children (6-12 years) from Changsha Special Educational School were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 20) receiving VR-based serious game training, or a control group (n = 20) attending traditional physical education classes. The 12-week intervention was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). The experimental group used a multimedia VR system with nine motor rehabilitation games. After the intervention, both groups showed significant improvements in gross motor skills, but the experimental group showed greater gains in locomotor and object control skills, with significant time × group interaction effects. Despite improvements, average gross motor scores remained below the expected norms, highlighting persistent motor skill challenges. These findings support VR-based serious games as a valuable tool in special education, warranting further exploration for long-term interventions and broader adoption in school settings.

Design and Application of a Teaching System Based on Mobile Internet

There is currently an increasing number of mobile Internet users. In the traditional education system, the teaching system and equipment are antiquated, diverse, complex, and heterogeneous, unable to meet the needs of mobile Internet users today. In this paper, we investigate a multimedia teaching system based on cloud computing mode in the context of “Internet+” and use its new teaching system structure and embedded knowledge mapping method to optimize and enrich classroom content and improve teaching quality through increasing and learning. The system is based on learning data analysis and a new type of multimedia-based teaching system, which is beneficial for students, system architects, and teaching administrators.

Innovative Multimedia Filtration for Effective Microplastic Removal in Mangrove Ecosystems: A Sustainable Approach to Environmental Health

Microplastic contamination posed a significant threat to mangrove ecosystems, impacting biodiversity and water quality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multimedia filtration system using silica sand, zeolite, activated carbon, blood clam shells, and gravel in reducing microplastic levels in mangrove waters. Water samples were collected from the Wonorejo Mangrove Ecotourism in Surabaya, Indonesia, and were treated using two filtration reactors: Reactor 1 with sand media and Reactor 2 with clamshell media. The downward-flow filtration system demonstrated promising results, with Reactor 1 achieving a 54-60% microplastic removal efficiency and Reactor 2 showing superior performance with a 61-65% efficiency. Fiber-type microplastics were most effectively removed, with Reactor 2 achieving a 67% reduction. The findings highlighted the potential of clamshell media in enhancing filtration efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability. While the system offered a viable solution for mitigating microplastic pollution in aquatic environments, challenges such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term maintenance required further research. Future studies should focus on optimizing filtration media and assessing real-world applicability for broader environmental conservation efforts.

Improved QPSK modem communication performance for acoustic signals using adaptive digital equalizers

Transmission reliability in voice communications is an important challenge due to various effects such as multipath propagation, rapid channel changes, and Doppler shift. In this study, QPSK modulation is combined with the transmitter channel equalizer in the receiver part as well as in the transmitter, where a unit for suppressing audio interference and distortions is developed to reduce the effects of the transmitter channel on the waves transmitted through it. An in-depth analysis of the improved digital equalizer device is discussed by comparing different results obtained by varying the design parameters. An optimized digital channel equalization unit is selected from the simulation results, which is used to create a multimedia wireless audio communication system. Better BER performance is expected at the minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required at the detector input.

Fugacity-based multimedia transport modeling and risk assessment of PAHs in Urumqi

Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex multimedia urban environmental systems. Taking Urumqi City as a case study, we developed an integrated multimedia urban environmental model to simulate the inter-media transport processes of PAHs across air, water, soil, sediment, vegetation, and impervious surfaces. The predictive results of this model were in good agreement with the actual monitoring data from 2021, confirming its accuracy. Notably, the simulated data for 2021 indicate that the total amount of PAHs in the soil reached 1.06 × 106 kg, accounting for 97.44% of the total PAHs in Urumqi City, highlighting soil as the primary sink for PAHs. Further analysis of transport fluxes revealed that atmospheric transfer pathways to soil and vegetation are the main mechanisms driving the distribution of PAHs in urban environments. Additionally, sensitivity analysis identified temperature, soil, and vegetation-related parameters as the primary factors influencing PAHs. Based on the simulated concentration, the risk assessment results showed that soil PAHs had a higher risk of carcinogenesis to human body. This study deepens our understanding of the behavior of PAHs in urban environments and provides insights into how human activities affect the fate and transformation of these contaminants in multimedia urban systems.

Methodology of an Energy Efficient-Embedded Self-Adaptive Software Design for Multi-Cores and Frequency-Scaling Processors Used in Real-Time Systems

In a kind of system, where strong time constraints exist, very often, worst-case design is applied. It could drive to the suboptimal usage of resources. In previous work, the mechanism of self-adaptive software that is able to reduce this was presented. This paper introduces a novel extension of the method for self-adaptive software synthesis applicable for real-time multicore embedded systems with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). It is based on a multi-criteria approach to task scheduling, optimizing both energy consumption and proof against time delays. The method can be applied to a wide range of embedded systems, such as multimedia systems or Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The main aim of this research is to find the method of automatic construction of the task scheduler that is able to minimize energy consumption during the varying execution times of each task.

Quality of Experience-Oriented Cloud-Edge Dynamic Adaptive Streaming: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

The widespread adoption of dynamic adaptive streaming (DAS) has revolutionized the delivery of high-quality internet multimedia content by enabling dynamic streaming quality adjustments based on network conditions and playback capabilities. While numerous reviews have explored DAS technologies, this study differentiates itself by focusing on Quality of Experience (QoE)-oriented optimization in cloud-edge collaborative environments. Traditional DAS optimization often overlooks the asymmetry between cloud and edge nodes, where edge resources are typically constrained. This review emphasizes the importance of dynamic task and traffic allocation between cloud and edge nodes to optimize resource utilization and maintain system efficiency, ultimately improving QoE for end users. This comprehensive analysis explores recent advances in QoE-driven DAS optimization strategies, including streaming models, implementation mechanisms, and the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques. By contrasting ML-based DAS approaches with traditional methods, this study highlights the added value of intelligent algorithms in addressing modern streaming challenges. Furthermore, the review identifies emerging research directions, such as adaptive resource allocation and hybrid cloud-edge solutions, and underscores potential application areas for DAS in evolving multimedia systems. With the aim of serving as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers in addressing the challenges of resource-constrained edge environments and the need for QoE-centric solutions, this comprehensive analysis endeavors to promote the development, implementation, and application of DAS optimization. Acknowledging the crucial role of DAS optimization in improving the overall QoE for the end users, we hope to facilitate the continued advancement of video streaming experiences in the cloud-edge collaborated environment.

Measuring the Effects of Mobile and Social Networking Technology on the Enhancement of English Language Skills: A Comparative Study

This study investigates the effectiveness of mobile learning and teaching technologies and social networking platforms in enhancing English language skills among students in senior secondary public schools in India. Given the rising interest in these educational tools, their impact on language skill development remains underexplored. Addressing this gap, the study employed an experimental design with 120 randomly selected participants divided into three groups. For 12 weeks, each group received English language instruction through different mediums: mobile learning technology (Google Classroom), a social media application (WeChat), and a traditional multimedia projection system. The findings indicate a significant improvement in the English language proficiency of students who used mobile learning technology, as opposed to those who engaged with social media tools or traditional methods. This highlights the potential of mobile learning technologies in effectively enhancing language learning outcomes in the educational context. Furthermore, the traditional multimedia methods employed were found to be less effective in fostering language proficiency when compared to the employment of Google Classroom and WeChat. Given the results of this study, it is proposed that future research endeavors investigate the potential impact of severe games on language learning outcomes. In addition, it is advised that future investigations focus on creating and integrating demanding games that aim to enhance students’ proficiency in the English language.

Research on Technical Support and Resource Sharing Mechanism Strategy of Mixed Teaching Mode in Piano Music Education

Abstract Piano music hybrid teaching mode utilizes multimedia technology to construct piano music teaching system, and adopts multimedia image denoising method based on wavelet transform to update the presentation effect of piano music digital resources. Combined with the characteristics of modernized piano music digital resources, a non-iterative clustering algorithm is proposed to innovate the sharing mechanism of piano music education resources. Personalized recommendation service for a multimedia piano music teaching system is realized by using a space vector characterization student interest model. With the help of relevant cases, learners are analyzed and the teaching content and objectives of piano music are set, and the regression analysis of blended learning mode and piano learning effect is carried out according to the overall learning situation of piano music. The average value of learning effect achieved by blended teaching of piano music is 3.962, and the regression coefficients of blended learning on the learning effect of cognition, skill, and affective attitude are 0.587, 0.572, 0.599 respectively, with the p-value being significant at the level of 0.001, which indicates that there is a positive correlation between blended learning and the learning effect of cognition, skill, and affective attitude. That is, the blended teaching method of piano music can improve the cognitive, skill, and emotional attitude levels of piano music learning.

Study of Multi-Service Networks and Communication Systems Using Distributed Network Technology in Mountain Areas

It should be noted that the development of the digital economy directly depends on the introduction of advanced technologies: nanotechnology, biotechnology, complex energy systems technologies, quantum technologies, etc. At the same time, it is difficult to imagine the further development of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems without the widespread introduction of innovative technologies in a single information telecommunication infrastructure. The interaction of corporate multiservice networks and innovative technologies allows you to create a virtual transport network, with the help of which you manage transmitted useful and service packages and provide services. The FN concept involves the introduction of virtualization technologies, artificial intelligence methods and tools on a corporate network. The article analyzes the characteristics of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems using the technology of building distributed communication networks. The characteristics of corporate multiservice networks and communication systems using the technology of building distributed communication networks are analyzed and investigated, and a mathematical model of quality of service is proposed taking into account the management of information and network resources. It was found that the integrated performance indicators of multiservice corporate networks are largely determined by the reliability, information security and quality of service of IP / MPLS switching nodes and the IMS-Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem multimedia communication system using the signaling system and protocols for providing multimedia services and establishing session sessions. Thus, the results of QoS & QoE quality of service research and an analysis of numerical calculations of the probability and time characteristics of corporate multiservice networks based on the architectural concept of NGN and FN using the concept of SDN, NFV and IMS, requires the study of complex performance indicators of multiservice enterprise networks.

Simulation of E-learning virtual interaction in Chinese language and literature multimedia teaching system based on video object tracking algorithm

Simulation of E-learning virtual interaction in Chinese language and literature multimedia teaching system based on video object tracking algorithm

EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF METHODS AND METRICS IN DIGITAL MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS

The rapid advancement of digital multimedia technologies has necessitated rigorous evaluation methodologies to ensure that they meet user expectations and standards. Digital multimedia systems have become integral to various applications ranging from entertainment to education and communication. The quality of these systems significantly impacts user experience and satisfaction. Service providers are enacting different quality of service (QoS) solutions to issue the best quality of experience (QoE) to their customers. Thus, devising precise quality metrics that will greatly help to improve multimedia services over networks. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the works that have been carried out over recent years in audio, video and audio­visual quality assessments, describing existing methodologies in terms of requirement of a reference signal, feature extraction, feature mapping and classification schemes. The review also aims to explore the existing methods and metrics used to assess the quality of multimedia systems, considering both subjective and objective approaches. We will provide a comprehensive evaluation of their effectiveness, applicability, and limitations, thereby identifying areas for future research.

Exploring Masterweb's Effectiveness in Optimizing Digital Based Learning and Education Management

Masterweb is a concept where multiple web services are integrated into a centralized platform, offering seamless access and management of various online tools and resources. Research discusses the effectiveness of masterweb in optimizing digital-based learning and education management. Research method uses a mix method approach with an exploratory design. Paper also highlights the importance of transforming learning media in the digital era and how digitalization can improve the quality of vocational education. Research results show that the application of Masterweb allows the adoption of blended learning methods that combine conventional approaches with digital elements. Collaboration with expert companies in developing e-learning and multimedia systems also ensures the availability of ICT infrastructure that supports the smooth learning process. With Masterweb, teachers and school management can be more effective in recording teaching and learning activities, monitoring student attendance, and increasing the effectiveness of monitoring and developing student skills. This research provides important insights into the importance of technology integration in education to increase efficiency, effectiveness, management and the attractiveness of learning in the digital era

Electronic Shooting Simulator Family "STrIzh": Research of Mathematical Models on Target Point Determiners of Entry and Basic Levels

Development of rifle electronic simulators (i. e. for hand weapons and not using ammunition) is an important task since the production of any type of small arms, according to regulatory documents, requires also production of a simulator to instill aiming and firing skills. The developing family of electronic shooting simulators "STrIzh" includes three publicly available levels for self assembly: initial, basic and virtual. Structural diagrams of aiming point’s recorders of initial and basic levels are presented and studies of their mathematical models with estimation of errors are carried out. Ability to self assemble a shooting simulator from publicly available components (laptop, webcam, weapon layouts, IR LEDs, projector, lasers, HD-camera) contributes to their widespread use. Such use is based on the program exercise support under development and methods of assembling and adjusting the targeting point recorders and weapon simulators. Studies of recorders for the error in determining of the aiming point showed acceptable accuracy and manufacturability of mathematical models’ calibration with the ability to take this error into account in the simulated ballistic dispersion of ammunition. Possibility of registration speed increasing and possible approaches for increasing of the accuracy and fixation of the pile and the distance to the workplace with the possibility of recalculating the angular dimensions of the target situation to the real one were investigated also. The simulator family’s software algorithm should fully support the initial and basic levels of implementation with various training equipment configurations and include a multimedia shooting training system. For the virtual level of the simulator (a virtual reality helmet on a smartphone and a weapon’s layout with a smartphone), one needs to develop his own software (it will be discussed in the next articles).

Enhancing reliability with MIMO aided dual iterations for mobile video transmission system

Futuristic requirements of mobile communication systems ask for discovering new possibilities and dimensions to enable ultrafast and reliable communication. This work relates to the advancements in jointly decoded iterative multimedia communication systems for the H.264 source standard. The beneficial technique of Over-Complete Mapping (OCM) is utilized for introducing redundancy in the highly compressed source encoded video streams. Differential Space–Time Spreading (DSTS) is invoked along with Rate-3/4 Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) as intermediate encoder in the proposed three-stage setup. More specifically, the RSC encoder is beneficial in attaining the iterative gain as it divides the decoder into two parts. The DSTS is invoked with the Sphere Packing (SP) modulation which is highly desirable for the non-coherent detection schemes without requiring any information from the channel. The proposed system comprises of three main components, namely OCM, Rate-3/4 RSC and SP modules, thus we call this as three-stage system. The iterative decoding enhances the Bit-Error Rate (BER) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) performances of the joint source-channel systems. Furthermore, to expeditiously predict the convergence pattern of the proposed three-stage iteratively decoded systems, EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart analysis is performed. Moreover, the effect of variations in the minimum Hamming distance (dH,min) is observed for the proposed three-stage system. The DSTS-SP-RSC-OCM[515] having dH,min=6 exhibits a gain of 20 dB against the benchmarker DSTS-SP-RSC-OCM[26]∗ with dH,min=1 at the PSNR degradation point of 1 dB over a correlated Rayleigh fading channel.