The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possibility of designing the composite drug delivery platform by integration of the liposomes into the network of amyloid hydrogels. The efficiency of drug entrapment into the combined lipid-protein systems was assessed using the two anticancer agents, viz., the hydrophilic positively charged drug doxorubicin (DOX) and the hydrophobic europium coordination complex, referred to here as V7. The lipid vesicles were composed of the neutral lipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) and its mixture with anionic lipid cardiolipin (CL, 10 mol%), while the amyloid fibrils were obtained from the egg yolk lysozyme (LzF) and the bovine serum albumin (BSAF). The cumulative results from the fluorescence and equilibrium dialysis studies revealed that the negatively charged albumin fibrils favor the DOX encapsulation into PC multilamellar liposomes but exert opposite effect in the case of CL-containing liposomes. However, no sensitivity to the presence of fibrillar protein was observed in the systems PC/DOX/LzF and CL10/DOX/LzF. Likewise, neither LzF nor BSAF affected the extent of V7 encapsulation into the lipid vesicles. These findings highlight the possibility of increasing the payload efficiency of hydrophilic drugs through combining the liposomes with amyloid hydrogels.