Multidimensional Locus Of Control Research Articles

A survey study of adults with chronic conditions: Examining the correlation between patient activation and health locus of control.

This study aimed to examine (1) the association between patient activation (PA), health locus of control (HLOC), sociodemographic and clinical factors, and (2) the effect of HLOC dimensions, sociodemographic and clinical factors on PA. Three hundred U.S. adults, with at least one chronic condition (CC) were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk and completed an online survey which included sociodemographic questions, the Patient Activation Measure® - 10, and the Multidimensional Locus of Control (MHLC) - Form B. Statistical analyses, including descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression, were conducted using IBM SPSS v25. Of the 300 participants, more than half were male (66.3%), White (70.7%), with at least a college degree (76.0%), and employed full-time (79.0%). The average PA score was 68.8 ± 14.5. Multiple linear regression indicated that participants who reported they were Black, retired, with a greater number of CCs, and with higher scores in Chance MHLC had higher PA, while participants with higher scores in Internal MHLC, were unemployed and reported to have been affected by COVID-19-related worry or fear to manage their CC, had lower PA. HLOC dimensions should be addressed concurrently with PA for patients with CCs, thus adding to a more patient-centered clinical approach.

Self-perceived multidimensional health control locus among central Indian dental students: The impact of professionalization

Background: Assessment of multidimensional locus of control (MLOC) will reveal the effect of professionalization among dental students. The aim of this study was to know the possible factors with effect health locus of control (HLC) of Indian dental students. Methodology: The study population comprised 230 dental students. MLOC was recorded using Form type C with 18 questions. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Comparison of the mean scores for the three-multidimensional health locus of control subscales (Internal, Chance, and Powerful Others) from the first year to the final year showed that the mean score for the Internal subscale was consistently higher, followed by the mean scores for powerful others and chance in all the years of study. The Internal subscale mean increased from the first year to the second year of study and then decreased from the third year to the final year of study (P = 0.004). Conclusion: Internal HLCs dominated the study population, and the mean internal scores increased from the first BDS to the final year.

LOKUS KONTROLE I PERCIPIRANA SOCIJALNA PODRŠKA KAO PREDIKTORI NIVOA STRESA KOD ADOLESCENATA

Adolescence brings with it different types of changes in people – such as physical, emotional and cognitive, which can be quite stressful. Some of the factors that can be protective against stress in the transition period of high school completion are the locus of control and perceived social support. The aim of the study is to examine whether, and to what extent, stress levels in adolescents can be predicted based on the locus of control of adolescents as well as based on perceived social support. The research examined 190 adult high school students (Nmale = 80; Nfemale = 110) from six municipalities in Serbia. The following instruments were used: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and The Multidimensional Locus of Control (IPC). The results showed that the dimensions Internal locus of control (β = - .30, p < .000), Family support (β = -.21, p = .002) and Powerful others (β = .190, p = .020) contribute statistically significantly to explaining the level variance stress in adolescents. Considering the intergroup differences by gender, it can be concluded that boys and girls differ statistically significantly only on the variable Stress, i.e., that girls have a higher level of stress compared to boys, t (188) = -2.411, p =.017. The only statistically significant intergroup difference when it comes to the order of birth is observed in the variable Internal locus of control, t (188) = -2.116, p =.036, where in first-born children a statistically significantly lower level of internal locus of control can be found compared to children born later. Key words: stress, adolescence, locus of control, perceived social support

Relaxation Techniques in Low Back Pain Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem, affecting 11% of the population in Greece. Pain can last upwards of 6 wk and impact functional ability and quality of life. Treating LBP often includes the use of alternative methods, such as relaxation techniques. We tested whether relaxation techniques could reduce stress and pain and improve quality of life. Patients engaged in methods such as diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscular relaxation, autogenic training, and guided imagery. The treatment group consisted of 31 randomized patients and the control group had 33. The treatment group followed an 8-wk relaxation program with weekly sessions and practiced techniques every day by listening to a compact disk at home (2×/d). The control group did not follow relaxation techniques. No statistically significant differences were present regarding the Perceived Stress Scale, body-mass index, and satisfaction with functional ability. However, statistically significant differences were found in the Brief Pain Inventory score and multidimensional locus of control. We also found decreases in all three cortisol measurements for the treatment group. Relaxation techniques provide positive results in pain reduction and cortisol decrease and must therefore be incorporated into rehabilitation protocols.

Questionnaire Data From the Revision of a Chinese Version of Free Will and Determinism Plus Scale

We reported a questionnaire dataset accumulated from the revision of a Chinese version of Free Will and Determinism Scale Plus (FAD+). In this dataset, we collected data from 1232 participants. The questionnaires used in data collection included the FAD+ and 13 other widely-used questionnaires or tests (for example, the Big Five Inventory, the Multidimensional Locus of Control, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, the General and Personal Belief in a Just World Scale, the Chinese Disgust Sensitivity Scale, the Moral Identity Questionnaire, the Moral Self-Image Scale). The sample size for these questionnaires are different, ranging from 33 to 1100. Our preliminary analysis revealed that scores of these scales are reliable (Cronbach’s alpha: .52~.87, McDonald’s omega: .63~.91). These data can be used for both research and educational purposes, e.g., examining cultural differences and measurement invariance on belief in free will, locus of control, belief in just world. All data, together with their codebooks and manipulation code, are available at osf.io/t2nsw/ . Funding statement: This work was supported by National Nature Science Foundations of China No. 31471001 to Kaiping Peng.

The effects of a mindfulness-based lifestyle programme for adults with Parkinson’s disease: protocol for a mixed methods, randomised two-group control study

IntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in developed countries. There is an increasing interest in the use of mindfulness-related interventions in the management of patients with...

Lien entre locus de contrôle et anxiété compétitive : étude portant sur 150 joueurs de tennis de haut niveau

AimThe aim of this work is to study the link between locus of control and competitive anxiety. We hypothesized that subjects were anxious in performance tasks, had more beliefs in external control and less beliefs in internal control than subjects that were not anxious. Patients and methodOne hundred and fifty high level tennis players from six different regional tennis leagues of French Tennis Federation participated in this study answering to four self-report questionnaires: Spielberger's Multidimensional Locus of Control, Levenson's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Toronto Alexythymia Scale. ResultsCompetitive anxiety can be predicted by levels of locus of control. High scores on internal locus of control predicted low anxiety, whereas high scores in external locus of control predicted a high competitive anxiety. Moreover levels depressiveness and alexithymia are also predictors of competitive anxiety. More the subjects have high levels of alexithymia depressiveness and more important they will be anxious at the approach of a competition. We also compare the results of the participants (athletes with the approach of a competition) with the standards of “normal” population proposed by Dhee-Perot et al. (1996) [10]. These results seem to support the thesis that the elite athletes subjected to frequent situations of performance, preferentially oriented toward mastery goals. DiscussionThis study highlighted links between locus of control and competitive anxiety. A long-term and transverse study relying on preliminary results of this study could confirm protective function of internal control and risk of strong beliefs in luck on tennis player's perceived anxiety. It could also assess the effects of psychotherapy based on control beliefs on decrease anxiety. We postulate these conclusions might be applied to others domains where performance, observation and assessment are essential.

God Control: The Fourth Dimension

Subscales assessing one's belief in God control were integrated with the Multidimensional Locus of Control (LOC) scale (Levenson, 1974) and the Multidimensional Health LOC scale (Wallston, Wallston, & DeVellis, 1978). These two instruments assess internal, powerful others, and chance LOC. Data were presented supporting the reliability and validity of the God control subscales. Also, it was concluded that the failure to measure God control biases the assessment of internal LOC, and that the LOC advantage is associated with a high score on either the internal LOC dimension or the God control dimension.

Multidimensional locus of control and attitudes toward mental illness.

University students (55 women and 37 men) participated in a study of the relationship between multidimensional locus of control and attitudes toward mental illness as measured by the five factors of the Opinions About Mental Illness scale. Semipartial correlations suggested that scores on multidimensional locus of control were related to scores on three of the five factors but that the pattern of relationships is subject to gender differences.

Parental control in child rearing and multidimensional locus of control.

272 French-Canadian adolescent boys and 286 girls took part in a study of the association between parental control in child-rearing and Levenson's locus of control dimensions. Analysis showed relations between parental control and the two external dimensions but not with the internal one. Age and gender did not contribute to the various relationships.

A FRENCH-CANADIAN VERSION OF THE AUTONOMY-CONTROL SCALE FOR USE WITH ADOLESCENTS

One-hundred-and -ten French-Canadian adolescents (60 boys, 50 girls) participated in an analysis of the French version of the Autonomy-Control Scale. Correlations with selected personality variables were obtained. Associations were found between parental control and measures of self-esteem, multi-dimensional locus of control, anomie, life stress, and depression. The scale's correlational characteristics were in line with findings reported in the literature.

Measuring Locus of Control in Elderly Persons

Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the appropriateness of using with elderly persons Levenson's multidimensional locus of control (LoC) scale that measures beliefs in Internal Control (I), Control by Powerful Others (P), and Chance (C). Data were obtained from elderly individuals in Florida and Texas and reformulated to allow cross-validation at each step in a series of model evaluations. Results indicated that Levenson's three-factor specification of control was not a valid representation of the samples' responses. A model that specified the elimination of eleven unreliable items and the formation of a new external control factor that was based on the remaining C and P items provided an adequate fit to the data for both samples. The failure to confirm Levenson's three-factor structure poses a construct-validity and measurement-equivalence problem when making age-based comparisons of LoC scores.

Social learning predictors of the avoidance of smoking relapse

The concepts of health valuing, multidimensional locus of control, and self-efficacy were conceptualized to represent related but distinct factors which are strongly associated with health-promoting behavior. The predictive power of this model was tested by following 75 smokers quitting through formal treatment programs and 75 smokers who quit by treating themselves for three months. Discriminant Function Analysis displayed significant predictive power from the model. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of abstinance versus relapse, but more accurately for self-treatment than for program treatment groups. Persons attributing greater power to health professionals were more likely to relapse. Health valuing displayed a diminished return curve. Results suggest that the enhancement of self-efficacy may be the most important task of treatment.

Multidimensional locus of control and Machiavellianism in Italian and West German students: similarities and differences

In recent decades, the relationship between Machiavellianism and locus of control has received increasing attention in psychological literature. Presented below are the results of various studies conducted to determine correlations between these variables, complete with statistical information concerning gender‐specific differences.

Reliability of a multidimensional locus of control construct for older adults anticipating transitions in careers.

Reid and Ware in 1974 provided data on college-age adults which suggested that Rotter's locus of control paradigm might be better represented as a multidimensional construct. Using a varimax rotation, Reid and Ware reported a three-factor solution was parsimonious and tended to support a multidimensional model. The three factors were labeled Self-control, Social Systems Control, and Fatalism. In light of Super's 1983 view that the first stage of planning a career includes a component of autonomy or locus of control, Reid and Ware's multidimensional scale might prove useful for older adults undergoing transition in their careers. Since Reid and Ware's college undergraduates represented those in early career development, the present study was conducted with older adult individuals contemplating changes in career to determine the efficacy of the three-factor solution. Only two items did not coincide with Reid and Ware's factor structure. Implications for the application of a multidimensional locus of control scale to career-planning were discussed.

Locus of control, repression-sensitization, and interpersonal causality.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between repression-sensitization and multidimensional locus of control, particularly as these variables relate to a third variable, the attribution of causality in interpersonal relationships. 41 male psychiatric inpatients were employed as subjects, of whom 18 were from an acute general inpatient unit and 23 were from an alcohol and drug unit. Eight independent variables were considered. There were eight dependent variables which were derived from an attribution measure devised for this study. Stepwise multiple regression analyses indicated that the variable having the most predictive power with respect to causal attributions was the subsample which the subject represented. A second analysis excluding subsample considerations showed that Levenson's Powerful Others scale was positively correlated with Internal-Positive attributions. Other significant correlations between the various measures were examined.

Generalized expectations of alcoholics: multidimensional locus of control, hopelessness, and machiavellianism.

Compared five aspects of generalized expectations (internality, powerful others external control orientation, change control orientation, hopelessness, and machiavellianism) of alcoholics and nonalcoholics. Ss tested were 56 nonalcoholics and 50 alcoholics just starting a treatment (middle socioeconomic class). Data analysis was done by a multivariate analysis of variance. The two samples differed in their generalized expectations. Alcoholics were, on the average, more external in powerful others control orientations, more external in chance control orientations, more hopeless, and more machiavellianistic than the nonalcoholics. The results support the findings of alcoholics' relative externality in locus of control of reinforcement and refer to the relevance of generalized expectations for the treatment of alcoholism.

Multidimensional locus of control and drug use among high school students.

Multidimensional locus of control and drug use among high school students.

Multidimensional locus of control in sociopolitical activists of conservative and liberal ideologies.

Three studies were conducted to examine the relationship between a multi-dimensional measure of locus of control and sociopolitical activism, controlling for the effects of political ideology. In Study 1, 98 male college students completed a measure of conservatism-liberalism. Kerpelman's Activism scale, and locus of control scales designed to differentiate between two types of externals: belief in powerful others versus belief in chance forces. In Studies 2 and 3, female college students (Ns=26 and 40) who differed in the extent of their participation in leftist political activities or feminist causes responded to the multidimensional locus of control scales. As predicted, results from analyses of variance and trend analyses indicate that for liberals, increases in expectancies of control by powerful others are positively associated with increases in activism, while for conservatives, there is a negative relationship. The importance of controlling for ideology and the implications of the differentiated view of externality for understanding social action are discussed.

Multidimensional locus of control in sociopolitical activists of conservative and liberal ideologies.

Multidimensional locus of control in sociopolitical activists of conservative and liberal ideologies.