Multicomponent Systems Research Articles

Development of chitosan-acrylic acid based hydrogels with incorporated polyaniline and plasma treatment

Hybrid hydrogels are materials that incorporate features from multicomponent systems of polymers, significantly improving their functionality and making them ideal for biomedical applications. Both natural and synthetic polymers are utilized, further enhancing their functionality. The combination of polyaniline (PANI), chitosan (CS), and acrylic acid (AA) can result in a multifunctional hybrid hydrogel that is antibacterial, hydrophilic, and salt-sensitive. A multifunctional PANI-CS-AA with varying PANI weight ratio was synthesized in this study. In addition, improving the surface of the multifunctional hydrogels by atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment was also investigated. During APP treatment, the production of reactive species (e.g., OH and N2 radicals) responsible for the functionalization of the hydrogel surface was confirmed through optical emission spectroscopy. The integration of three polymer components in the synthesized hydrogels was confirmed through the presence of their mid-FTIR spectral characteristics, particularly in the AA and CS C=O, PANI quinonoid and benzenoid units, AA COO−, and the PANI aromatic and C—H vibration regions. Moreover, the hybrid hydrogels with incorporated PANI and APP treatment improved their wettability and surface free energy (SFE) characteristics. The hybrid hydrogels with 0.25 wt. % PANI and exposed to 2 min air plasma yielded the highest hydrophilicity and total SFE with values 41.27° ± 2.15° and 135.68 ± 4.72 mJ/m2, respectively. The plasma-treated 0.25PANI-2.5CS-4AA samples exhibit improved swelling response in water (Smax = 1310 ± 100; ks = 0.005) and saline media (Smax = 1280 ± 80; ks = 0.001) due to enhanced polymeric chains and affinity toward polar liquids. Synthesized hydrogels exhibited antibacterial activity, as evidenced by the zone of inhibition test. Clearing zones measured were in the range of 16–27 mm. The study developed an APP-treated tricomponent hydrogel consisting of PANI, CS, and AA that has improved hydrophilicity, salt sensitivity, and antibacterial features.

Spatially defined microenvironment for engineering organoids

In the intricately defined spatial microenvironment, a single fertilized egg remarkably develops into a conserved and well-organized multicellular organism. This observation leads us to hypothesize that stem cells or other seed cell types have the potential to construct fully structured and functional tissues or organs, provided the spatial cues are appropriately configured. Current organoid technology, however, largely depends on spontaneous growth and self-organization, lacking systematic guided intervention. As a result, the structures replicated in vitro often emerge in a disordered and sparse manner during growth phases. Although existing organoids have made significant contributions in many aspects, such as advancing our understanding of development and pathogenesis, aiding personalized drug selection, as well as expediting drug development, their potential in creating large-scale implantable tissue or organ constructs, and constructing multicomponent microphysiological systems, together with functioning at metabolic levels remains underutilized. Recent discoveries have demonstrated that the spatial definition of growth factors not only induces directional growth and migration of organoids but also leads to the formation of assembloids with multiple regional identities. This opens new avenues for the innovative engineering of higher-order organoids. Concurrently, the spatial organization of other microenvironmental cues, such as physical stresses, mechanical loads, and material composition, has been minimally explored. This review delves into the burgeoning field of organoid engineering with a focus on potential spatial microenvironmental control. It offers insight into the molecular principles, expected outcomes, and potential applications, envisioning a future perspective in this domain.

Accelerated Prediction of Phase Behavior for Block Copolymer Libraries Using a Molecularly Informed Field Theory.

Solution formulations involving polymers are the basis for a wide range of products spanning consumer care, therapeutics, lubricants, adhesives, and coatings. These multicomponent systems typically show rich self-assembly and phase behavior that are sensitive to even small changes in chemistry and composition. Longstanding computational efforts have sought techniques for predictive modeling of formulation structure and thermodynamics without experimental guidance, but the challenges of addressing the long time scales and large length scales of self-assembly while maintaining chemical specificity have thwarted the emergence of general approaches. As a consequence, current formulation design remains largely Edisonian. Here, we present a multiscale modeling approach that accurately predicts, without any experimental input, the complete temperature-concentration phase diagram of model diblock polymers in solution, as established postprediction through small-angle X-ray scattering. The methodology employs a strategy whereby atomistic molecular dynamics simulations is used to parametrize coarse-grained field-theoretic models; simulations of the latter then easily surmount long equilibration time scales and enable rigorous determination of solution structures and phase behavior. This systematic and predictive approach, accelerated by access to well-defined block copolymers, has the potential to expedite in silico screening of novel formulations to significantly reduce trial-and-error experimental design and to guide selection of components and compositions across a vast range of applications.

A strategy of consistent X-ray and neutron double-difference pair distribution function analysis of nanoparticle dispersions

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that the X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) formalism allows for the identification of very small signal contributions in multi-component systems by the difference and double-difference PDF (dd-PDF) approach. Due to their stronger interaction with light elements compared to X-rays, neutrons are often beneficial or complementary for the characterization of modern materials. Here, it is demonstrated that the dd-PDF strategy previously developed for X-ray PDF data can successfully be applied to neutron PDF data despite much lower count rates compared to X-rays. The dd-PDF strategy was employed for the investigation of aqueous iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) dispersions. At the Near and InterMediate Range Order Diffractometer (NIMROD) at ISIS, the IONPs could even be investigated in pure water, whereas at the Nanoscale Ordered Materials Diffractometer (NOMAD) at SNS, heavy water had to be used, but additional information could be retrieved from modelling the data of IONP powder in the dry state and with adsorbed (heavy) water. The simple and robust approach can easily be adapted for the use in other multicomponent systems, like heterogenous catalysts or battery systems. Graphical Abstract

Development of the High‐Temperature Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry in the Nordic Countries

In this article, a brief review of the development of the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric (KEMS) approach in the Theoretical Metallurgy Department of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology and in the in the Laboratory of Metallurgy of the Helsinki University of Technology and modifications of quadrupole model QMG420 mass spectrometers, is presented. The thermodynamic data obtained from vaporization of standards, such as NaCl, CsCl, B2O3, and Ag, and of the B2O3–Al2O3 and ZnO–P2O5 systems is compared with the data obtained using a magnetic MS1301 mass spectrometer. For the first time, composition of the vapor phase over the Dy2O3–DyF3, CaO–CaCl2, and Cu–Mg systems and the partial pressures of components at high temperatures are investigated. The experimental data obtained for the investigated systems are used for prediction of the vaporization processes and modeling of thermodynamic properties and high‐temperature phase equilibria in the multicomponent systems used in metallurgy. An account is given of the detailed studies of the vaporization processes and thermodynamic properties of some multicomponent systems composed of oxides, fluorides, and carbonates forming mold powders for continuous casting of steel. Some new directions of the ongoing studies by the KEMS method are summarized.

Fine-tuning syngas composition using laser surface modified silver electrode for CO2 electroreduction

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 and H2O to synthesize gas (H2 and CO mixture) is of significant interest due to established industrial pathways to tune the H2 to CO composition to generate an array of valuable products including methanol, synthetic fuel, synthetic natural gas, and hydrogen. However, controlled H2:CO ratios are challenging on CO-active electrocatalysts like silver. We demonstrate that applying laser engineering to adjust the surface wetting state of a silver electrocatalyst with water contact angles θw ranging from 47° and 135°, H2:CO ratios can be tuned from 1 to 4 at modest potentials (−0.7 V versus RHE, RHE—reversible hydrogen electrode) with almost total unity Faradaic efficiency. Both hydrophilic (θw = 47°) and more hydrophobic (θw = 135°) samples showed an increasing H2:CO trend with rising potentials (0.7–1.2 V versus RHE) due to mass transport. Conversely, silver electrocatalyst with θw = 110° exhibited a constant H2:CO ratio of 4. This indicates catalyst wettability potentially affects *H and *HOCO intermediates’ adsorption, impacting H2:CO ratios. Our results show the feasibility of syngas composition control on silver catalysts via surface wettability, providing a simpler alternative to complex multicomponent electrocatalytic systems.

Adsorption behavior of cationic dyes on starch nanocrystals: Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic insights from single to multi-component systems

The adsorptive potential of starch nanocrystals (SNCs) was evaluated for the elimination of methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), and malachite green (MG) from aqueous media in single, binary, and ternary dye systems using batch mode experiments. SNCs were extracted using mild acid hydrolysis to remove the amorphous parts of native granular starch, and they were characterized using different physicochemical methods, such as FESEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA, and pHZPC. The results revealed that the optimal pH for dye removal in both single and mixed dye systems was found to be 9.0. The equilibrium time increased from 5 to 20 min when the system was changed from single to binary, and then further increased to 30 min when the system was changed to ternary. The equilibrium data for single-dye systems exhibited a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.98, SEE <3.52 mg g−1), whereas for binary and ternary dye mixtures, the extended Langmuir model provided an accurate representation of the experimental data (R2 > 0.99, SEE <1.33 mg g−1). Among the single, binary, and ternary systems, the highest adsorption capacities were observed for MB, MB in the (MB + MG) binary system, and MB in the (MB + CV + MG) ternary system. The respective adsorption capacities were recorded as 79.55 mg g−1, 61.91 mg g−1, and 43.59 mg g−1. The adsorption of dyes onto the SNCs was inherently spontaneous and endothermic, and adhered to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model in single dye systems as well as mixed dye systems. It can be concluded that the SNCs are capable of being utilized for five consecutive cycles in the adsorption-desorption process for single dye systems and three consecutive cycles for mixed dye systems. This suggests that the SNCs have potential as a sustainable and efficient option for dye removal in mixture systems.

Identification of Peptide Binding Motifs for Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate UsingPhage Display.

Selective control over crystallization in complex multicomponent systems such as hydrating cements is a key issue in modern material science. In this context, rational selection-based approaches appear highly promising in the quest for new additive chemistries. Here we have used phage display to identify peptide structures showing high affinity to adsorb on the surfaces of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (also referred to as bassanite), an important hydraulic binder employed in large scales by the construction industry. The results suggest a triplet of amino acids consisting of aspartic acid, serine and leucine, to maintain strong interactions with the surfaces of hemihydrate particles. This notion is confirmed by actual hydration experiments, in which the identified peptide motif provides strictly selective effects during the transformation of bassanite into more stable gypsum. Our work thus contributes to a better understanding of hydraulic binders and their required improvement for a sustainable future.

Probing the influence of composition and cross-linking degree on single-chain nanoparticles from poly(tetrahydrofuran-ran-epichlorohydrin) copolymers: Insights from neutron scattering, calorimetry, and dielectric spectroscopy

The industrial sector has made significant strides in the development of multicomponent and multiphasic polymer materials, including polymer blends, composites (such as nanocomposites), and various copolymers. Random copolymers, characterized by their statistical arrangement of repeating units, are particularly noteworthy due to their tunability from amorphous to semicrystalline states. In this study, we focus on poly(tetrahydrofuran-ran-epichlorohydrin) (P(THF-ran-ECH)) copolymers, which serve as precursors for single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). These SCNP-based materials are of particular interest as they bridge the gap between traditional polymers and colloids. This research comprehensively investigates how the type and degree of internal cross-linking influence the structure and dynamics of P(THF-ran-ECH) copolymers and their SCNPs. Techniques such as quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) were employed to study copolymers with varying compositions and levels of cross-linking. By analyzing two samples with different epichlorohydrin (ECH) contents (13 mol% and 27 mol%), we aim to control crystallization and explore its effects on dynamic behavior. Our results show that both the composition and the degree of cross-linking significantly impact the dynamics of the SCNPs, with SCNPs exhibiting slower dynamics compared to their precursor copolymers. Furthermore, semicrystalline samples display faster dynamics in SCNPs than amorphous samples. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of advanced multicomponent polymer systems.

Chiral Self-Assembly of Twisted Prisms, Cuboids, and Polyhedral Capped Cages with Tartrate Ligands.

Homochiral triangular prisms, cuboid cages, and capped polyhedral cages are successfully synthesized via coordination-driven self-assembly. Typical tartrate ligands demonstrated notable torsional flexibility and variable coordination numbers, allowing for diverse coordination patterns, including saturated chelation and terminal mono-coordination with half-sandwich rhodium and iridium fragments. The ligand lengths, molar ratios, and metal vertices are meticulously designed and fine-tuned to yield chiral cages with entirely distinct architectures. Tartrate ligand exhibits abundant hydrogen bonding interactions and chiral induction capabilities, these supramolecular assemblies are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. An efficient method is developed for constructing chiral structurally versatile cage-like entities, facilitating self-assembly in complicated multi-component systems.

Acridone Derivatives for Near-UV Radical Polymerization: One-Component Type II vs. Multicomponent Behaviors.

In this work, two novel acridone-based photoinitiators were designed and synthesized for the free radical polymerization of acrylates with a light-emitting diode emitting at 405 nm. These acridone derivatives were employed as mono-component Type II photoinitiators and as multicomponent photoinitiating systems in the presence of an iodonium salt or an amine synergist (EDB) in which they achieved excellent polymerization initiating abilities and high final conversions of the acrylate group. Photoinitiation mechanisms through which reactive species are produced were investigated employing different complementary techniques including steady-state photolysis, steady-state fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Finally, these molecules were also used in the direct laser writing process for the fabrication of 3D objects.

Oxidation mechanism of sulfur-containing compounds and antioxidant depletion dynamics: Insights into interactions

Sulfur-containing compounds (SCCs) are the most abundant heteroatomic organic species (HOS) in petroleum fuels. This study investigates the dynamics of SCCs in surrogate fuel systems, focusing on their oxidation stability, reactivity, and interactions. An analysis of eleven selected SCCs, spanning both reactive (thiols, sulfides, and disulfides) and nonreactive (thiophenes and benzothiazole) species, was conducted at 140 °C. The investigation delves into reaction and degradation mechanisms, exploring resulting products, binary mixtures of reactive SCCs for potential interactions, and multicomponent SCC systems to understand nuanced interaction. Findings reveal unique reaction pathways in single-component SCCs, synergetic and antagonistic effects in binary mixtures, and substantial decreases in reaction rates in all multicomponent systems. Moreover, SCCs expedited antioxidant consumption, highlighting their pivotal role in fuel stability and degradation. The study contributes valuable insights into SCC dynamics, advocating further exploration of HOS’s interactions for enhanced fuel formulation and stability testing strategies.

Developmental assembly of multi-component polymer systems through interconnected synthetic gene networks in vitro

Living cells regulate the dynamics of developmental events through interconnected signaling systems that activate and deactivate inert precursors. This suggests that similarly, synthetic biomaterials could be designed to develop over time by using chemical reaction networks to regulate the availability of assembling components. Here we demonstrate how the sequential activation or deactivation of distinct DNA building blocks can be modularly coordinated to form distinct populations of self-assembling polymers using a transcriptional signaling cascade of synthetic genes. Our building blocks are DNA tiles that polymerize into nanotubes, and whose assembly can be controlled by RNA molecules produced by synthetic genes that target the tile interaction domains. To achieve different RNA production rates, we use a strategy based on promoter “nicking” and strand displacement. By changing the way the genes are cascaded and the RNA levels, we demonstrate that we can obtain spatially and temporally different outcomes in nanotube assembly, including random DNA polymers, block polymers, and as well as distinct autonomous formation and dissolution of distinct polymer populations. Our work demonstrates a way to construct autonomous supramolecular materials whose properties depend on the timing of molecular instructions for self-assembly, and can be immediately extended to a variety of other nucleic acid circuits and assemblies.

Excellent radiation resistance via enforced local non-directional He diffusion in a WTaCrV multicomponent alloy containing coherent ordered nanoprecipitates

We design and investigate a W15Ta15Cr35V35 (at.%) multicomponent alloy (MCA) with exceptional radiation resistance. The sintered WTaCrV alloy exhibits a body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix with dispersed coherent ordered nanoprecipitates. After ∼3-hour irradiation under 400 keV He+ at room temperature (RT) and 450°C with a fluence of 2 × 1017 ions/cm2, the irradiation hardening values of the MCA are about a quarter of those of pure tungsten counterparts irradiated at identical conditions. Besides, helium bubbles generated in the irradiated matrix of the MCA are much smaller, compared with those in the pure tungsten and other tungsten-rich alloys previously reported. The exceptional radiation resistance of the present WTaCrV alloy can be mainly attributed to two synergistic mechanisms. First, the high lattice distortion of the solid solution matrix promotes the local non-directional diffusion of irradiation defects, effectively suppressing the aggregation of irradiation defects and helium atoms along specific orientations. This facilitates more uniform nucleation of helium bubbles in the alloy matrix. Second, carbon was introduced during fast hot pressing sintering as interstitial solute to form carbon-rich coherent ordered nanoprecipitates. The carbon-vacancy complexes generated in the nanoprecipitates inhibit the nucleation and aggregation of helium atoms at the vacancies during He+ irradiation. The above two mechanisms synergistically enhance the resistance against He+ irradiation. This work thus demonstrates a design strategy for high radiation resistance alloys by introducing well-tuned ordered coherent nanoprecipitates in multicomponent alloy systems.

Increasing the reliability of oil and gas well fastening with polycomponent plugging systems

Purpose. Development of effective composite plugging systems for reliable fastening of oil and gas wells in difficult mining-geological conditions of deposits of Ukraine. Methods. The proposed research is based on an analytical and industrial study of the problems of the well construction and fastening in the conditions of chemogenic deposit occurrence when applying the analysis of geophysical research materials. The research of tamponage solutions and buffer liquids was carried out using standard devices and methods that meet the set of requirements for testing cements and technological systems for well construction. Processing of research results was carried out in MATHSAD and EXCEL. Composite cement CEM V according to the European standard EN 197-1, tamponage cement 1-G, krents - high-basic C2F CaSO4 and low-basic 3(CF) CaSO4 calcium sulfoferites were used for the research. Findings. It was established that the basic plugging material, as well as technological solutions for fastening wells in difficult mining-geological conditions, do not ensure compliance of the well as an engineering structure with operational reliability indicators. As a result, violations in the fastening system are quite often recorded, which require significant time and financial costs for their elimination, and sometimes lead to well liquidation. In order to increase the reliability of fastening wells, it is necessary to use multi-component tamponade systems modified by krents. Calcium sulfoferrite admixtures have been proved to accelerate the kinetics of early strength and contribute to the formation of cement stone with improved characteristics. The need to use effective buffer systems to improve the quality of fastening is substantiated. Originality. On the basis of assessment, systematization and detailed study of geophysical material and features of well fastening under the conditions of exposure to chemogenic sediments, the necessity of using composite plugging material was established. The conducted studies have proved that to ensure reliable fastening of wells in difficult mining-geological conditions, it is necessary to use multicomponent composite plugging material modified by calcium sulfoferites with accelerated kinetics of early strength, which form cement stone with a densely packed structure. Practical implications. Based on the industrial material evaluation and detailed laboratory studies, technological solutions have been developed to increase the reliability of well fastening due to the introduction of multi-component composite plugging material modified by krents and buffer liquids.

Aqueous-organic and aqueous-vapor interfacial phenomena for three phase systems containing CO2, CH4, n-butanol, n-dodecane and H2O at saturation conditions

A fundamental understanding of the interfacial properties at elevated pressure is essential for processes in the context of the energy transition, such as the storage of CO2, H2 or CH4. Systems in such processes have traces of impurities. This work aims to systematically investigate these multi-component systems through simplified vapor-liquid-liquid systems comprising H2O, (n-butanol or n-dodecane), and (CO2 or CH4). The model systems are theoretically investigated using the density gradient theory and the PCP-SAFT. The interfacial tension and saturated phase density of the model systems are experimentally measured by the pendant drop and the oscillating tube method, respectively. Good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is found. It was found that the pure and binary systems of these mixtures can be described well by the introduced model, delivering high quality predictions.

Determination of adsorption capacity, regeneration ability, and aggregation tendency toward inorganic and organic pollutants of metal-doped carbon–silica composites in multicomponent systems

Abstract The main aim of the study was to develop a method for determining the adsorption capacity, regeneration ability, and aggregation tendency of metal-doped carbon–silica composites (iron-doped, C/Fe/SiO2, and manganese-doped, C/Mn/SiO2) against heavy metals and selected organic substances. The properties of these composites were compared with those of metal-free silica–carbon composite (C/SiO2). Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) and high-pressure liquid chromatography were used to determine the adsorbed amounts and the desorption degree of organic/inorganic pollutants. Potentiometric titrations and electrophoretic mobility measurements were conducted to understand the mechanisms that were driving adsorption and particle aggregation. The size of the aggregates formed in the systems as well as the stability of the examined suspension were estimated by using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. The performed experiments showed that the selected combination of methods is appropriate to determine the potential of metal-doped carbon–silica composites as adsorbents as well as the ease of their removal with adsorbed contaminants from aqueous solutions by sedimentation.

Future outlook for food function research.

The results of research on food functionality in Japan have been passed on to society in the form of Foods for Specified Health Uses and Foods with Functional Claims. However, it is also true that there are people who do not experience any health benefits even when they consume these foods. To clarify the factors that cause such individual differences in the health benefits of food, research into the following points is important: 1) Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind why food factors exert their functionality. 2) Research into the functional interactions between food factors that exert their functionality in multi-component systems. 3) Research into the functionality of food factors that have not been the subject of research until now. We will introduce the results of our research in these areas. We will also discuss our expectations for the application of food functionality research to pharmaceutical development as an extension of this research.

Stress–strength reliability estimation of s-out-of-k multicomponent systems based on copula function for dependent strength elements under progressively censored sample

The main objective of this research is to determine the reliability of multicomponent stress–strength under progressive Type II censoring. The model comprises k independent strength components, and each component has two elements that are statistically dependent and exposed to the same random stress. To assess the correlation between their elements, we are utilizing the Gumbel copula and assuming that its parameter is unknown. The system is deemed operational only if at least certain number of strength variables s ( 1 ≤ s ≤ k ) surpass the random stress. We are using the Chen distribution to model the stress and strength variables, with varying shape parameters. Different methods are employed to estimate the unknown parameters, including maximum likelihood, maximum product of spacings, Cramér–von-Mises, and bootstrap confidence intervals. The effectiveness of these estimation techniques is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation, and a real data set is analyzed to illustrate our procedures.

From LaCrO3 towards LaCr0.2Mn0.2Fe0.2Al0.2Ga0.2O3 high-entropy ceramic compound: Crystal structure, dielectric and magnetic properties

A group of five perovskite-type ceramic systems was designed by solid-state reaction, increasing the configurational entropy, ΔSconf at the B-site, going from low and medium to finally reaching a high-entropy system. Chemical elements, crystal structure, and microstructure characterization, as well as the dielectric and magnetic properties, are discussed from the single phase LaCrO3 towards a continuous equiatomic multicomponent LaCr0.2Mn0.2Fe0.2Al0.2Ga0.2O3 ceramic compounds. Through a combination of structural analysis and XPS spectroscopy study, it is found that not only the configurational entropy ∆Sconf term, but also the enthalpy of mixing, ΔHmix through of arising of the coexistence of mixed valence state, oxygen vacancies, and local octahedral distortions lead to the stabilization of the single phase in equimolar multicomponent perovskite systems. The arising of Cr3+/Cr6+ and Mn3+/Mn2+ mixed valence state drives the AC electric conductivity through the presence of two kinds of charge carriers, small polarons and oxygen vacancies in LCM, LCMF, LCMFA, and LCMFAG ceramic compounds. The occurrence of these two classes of charge carriers progressively increases the AC electric conductivity at room and high temperatures for each ceramic compound, being higher for the LCMFA entropy compound, making it a potential candidate for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications. As expected, the increases of compositional random cations display rich magnetic properties arising from competing magnetic interactions driven by the sublattice of Cr, Mn, and Fe magnetic ions. The resulting ΔSconf increase leads to a Griffith-like phase. The results also show that not only the ferromagnetic clusters of the LaMnO3 (AxFz) sublattice but also the weak ferromagnetism associated with the LaCrO3 (GxFz), and LaFeO3 (GxFz) sublattices play a predominant role in the formation of the Griffiths-like phase in the low, medium and high-entropy ceramic systems.