Multi-purpose Framework Research Articles

Multi-objective optimization of power networks integrating electric vehicles and wind energy

In the ever-evolving landscape of power networks, the integration of diverse sources, including electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energies like wind power, has gained prominence. With the rapid proliferation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), their optimal utilization hinges on reconciling conflicting and adaptable targets, including facilitating vehicle-to-grid (V2 G) connectivity or harmonizing with the broader energy ecosystem. Simultaneously, the inexorable integration of wind resources into power networks underscores the critical need for multi-purpose planning to optimize production and reduce costs. This study tackles this multifaceted challenge, incorporating the presence of EVs and a probabilistic wind resource model. Addressing the complexity of the issue, we devise a multi-purpose method grounded in collective competition, effectively reducing computational complexity and creatively enhancing the model's performance with a Pareto front optimality point. To discern the ideal response, fuzzy theory is employed. The suggested pattern is rigorously tested on two well-established IEEE power networks (30- and 118-bus) in diverse scenarios featuring windmills and PEV producers, with outcomes showcasing the remarkable excellence of our multi-purpose framework in addressing this intricate issue while accommodating uncertainty.

RAVEN/OSCAR-Fusion Coupling for Activated Corrosion Products Assessments, Sensitivity, and Uncertainty Quantification

Activated corrosion products (ACPs) may represent a significant source of radiological hazards in nuclear fusion reactors. Corrosion and erosion phenomena mobilize activated materials which are transported by the working fluid in regions of the cooling system accessed by worker personnel. Predicting contaminant transport in tokamak cooling circuits may benefit radiation exposure assessment, design optimization, waste management, maintenance plan definition, and source terms identification. Several calculation tools have been made available for ACP determination in nuclear systems. Among these, the OSCAR-Fusion code, developed by the CEA (France), allows for predicting ACP generation and transport in closed water-cooled loops for fusion applications. This work aims to show a straightforward sensitivity analysis methodology and uncertainty quantification (UQ). A single ACP assessment involves several neutronics, thermal-hydraulics, geometrical, and water chemistry parameters. Coupling OSCAR-Fusion to RAVEN, a multipurpose framework developed by INL (USA), allows sensitivity and UQ analyses that might provide useful indications to the designers and safety analysts. This work presents a general methodology, showing preliminary results obtained for the EU-DEMO divertor cassette primary heat-transfer systems.

MadFlow: automating Monte Carlo simulation on GPU for particle physics processes

We present MadFlow, a first general multi-purpose framework for Monte Carlo (MC) event simulation of particle physics processes designed to take full advantage of hardware accelerators, in particular, graphics processing units (GPUs). The automation process of generating all the required components for MC simulation of a generic physics process and its deployment on hardware accelerator is still a big challenge nowadays. In order to solve this challenge, we design a workflow and code library which provides to the user the possibility to simulate custom processes through the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO framework and a plugin for the generation and exporting of specialized code in a GPU-like format. The exported code includes analytic expressions for matrix elements and phase space. The simulation is performed using the VegasFlow and PDFFlow libraries which deploy automatically the full simulation on systems with different hardware acceleration capabilities, such as multi-threading CPU, single-GPU and multi-GPU setups. The package also provides an asynchronous unweighted events procedure to store simulation results. Crucially, although only Leading Order is automatized, the library provides all ingredients necessary to build full complex Monte Carlo simulators in a modern, extensible and maintainable way. We show simulation results at leading-order for multiple processes on different hardware configurations.

From video pornography to cancer cells: a tensor framework for spatiotemporal description

Spatiotemporal description is a research field with applications in various areas such as video indexing, surveillance, human-computer interfaces, among others. Big Data problems in large databases are now being treated with Deep Learning tools, however we still have room for improvement in spatiotemporal handcraft description. Moreover, we still have problems that involve small data in which data augmentation and other techniques are not valid, or even, it is not worth the use of an expensive method. The main contribution of this work is the development of a framework for spatiotemporal representation using orientation tensors enabling dimension reduction and invariance. This is a multipurpose framework called Features As Spatiotemporal Tensors (FASTensor). We evaluate this framework in two different applications: Video Pornography classification and Cancer Cell classification. The latter one is also a contribution of this work, since we introduce a new dataset called Melanoma Cancer Cell (MCC). It is a small dataset with inherent difficulties in the acquisition process and its particular motion nature. The results are competitive, while also being ease to compute. Finally, our results in the MCC dataset can be used in other cancer cell treatment analysis.

A symmetrical azo-based fluorophore and the derived salen multipurpose framework for emissive layers

The development of new organic simple and low-cost fluorophores is a current topic. To date innovative solutions include azo dyes because of the unique absorption behavior, but the azo group gives poor luminophores in the solid state. In order to produce a luminescent azo dye, we synthesized compound A2, 4,4′-((1,1′)-(2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene)bis(diazene-2,1-diyl))dianiline, and its symmetrical Schiff-base derivative C2. The new compound C2 is a weakly luminescent fluorophore in the crystalline phase and when employed as building blocks in self-assembly of zinc (II) coordination polymer. Nevertheless, if used as a dopant in PS and PVK, C2 shows enhanced fluorescence and represents a good on-off naked-eye switch when dispersed in a room-temperature nematic polymer.

CORIA 2.0 Augmenting a Universal Framework for Connectivity Risk Analysis

Using graph structures one can model various types of problems. The Internet is one of them. CORIA is a multi-purpose framework to analyse connectivity risks of graph structured data which was designed using Internet topology data. We augment the existing framework for graph analysis CORIA with the objective to increase scalability and broaden the feasible range of application. To this end we transform CORIA such that it functions as a cloud-based tool that can store and display results for several graphs simultaneously thus making it suitable for the concurrent use by multiple researchers, we adopt faster algorithms, reducing metric calculation times by at least 58%, and we implement modules for the classical dynamic analysis of fragmentation under various deletion modes and for graph visualization. In doing so we review the Unified Risk Score (URS) and confirm the general underlying assumptions while suggesting alterations to the relative weight of components. Owing to recent political developments we also simulate the disruption caused to the Internet topology on the Autonomous System level by cutting off all Russian systems as an example use case, recording a deterioration of the global AS level graph.

Multilanguage, Multipurpose: A Literature Review, Synthesis, and Framework for Critical Literacies in English Language Teaching

This article reviews and synthesizes empirical literature on critical literacies in English language teaching (ELT), gathering perspectives from international scholarship. Across a range of global contexts, the consistency with which English learning is touted as access to power while acting to marginalize those still learning the language demonstrates the need for critical approaches to ELT. In addition to reviewing the literature, this article develops a framework to analyze critical literacies in ELT. This multilanguage, multipurpose framework highlights language learning and critical engagement as foundational to the field’s endeavors. Analyzed through this framework, studies were found to coalesce around five key topics: teacher beliefs, learner beliefs, course design, specific practices, and language-emphatic designs. By exploring how current research conceptualizes and operationalizes critical literacies in ELT, this review outlines the current state of the field while illustrating impactful pedagogical approaches. In addition, the review challenges the ways in which multilingual learners are positioned within research, advocating practices that frame language learning and critical engagement as mutually reinforcing endeavors toward critical praxis.

A Continuous Topography Approach for Agent Based Traffic Simulation, Lane Changing Model

Traffic simulation has been being an interesting research subject for transport engineer and scientist, mathematicians and informatics scientist for different point of view. Transport scientists study the traffic complexity and behaviour of traffic participants by using statistical experiment or simulation. The earlier approach was based on macroscopic model deducted from hydrodynamics kinematic wave analogy. Later on the microscopic model was introduced first by invoking cellular automata and then agent based model takes important role in the traffic simulation world. Most of microscopic model are based on a multi-grid element topography model which is a natural environment of cellular automata. Just recently a software engineer started an ambitious work to develop a multipurpose framework for complex traffic simulation. The ingenious idea is to replace the traditional grid based element topography with a continuous two dimensional one from which a region of traffic road or street is built up. Traffic participant is modelled as agent whose physical properties such as its coordinate position, speed, and direction are governed by the kinematic Newtonian law. This article will present this new concept and show how the simple movement of lane changing model that is very well known from the beginning era of traffic simulation become a quite complex movement in the new continuous topography

Validation of a Framework for Enriching Human-Computer-Human Interaction with Awareness in a Seamless Way

Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) environments enable users to interact with each other by using computers to conveniently share relevant data across the user interface. Awareness is an essential requirement in CSCW to convey precise information about the context in which the work in group is taking place, contributing thus to collaboration between users. In this kind of environments, we need to go beyond traditional human–computer interaction to embrace human–computer–human interaction (HCHI). It is necessary to devise flexible mechanisms to support HCHI in dealing with the diversity of contexts and group concerns. Furthermore, these mechanisms should endeavor to provide a seamless integration with current development techniques. This work presents a multi-purpose framework to include group awareness in HCHI systems in a seamless way. Proposed framework is based on the Dichotomic View of Plasticity approach. An experiment was conducted with two different versions of a specific groupware platform: the original platform and a new version of it, extended by means of the proposed framework. The goal was twofold: (i) to verify the benefits of applying this framework and (ii) to validate, in terms of user satisfaction, the improvement regarding groupware features introduced in the extended version. The results of the experiment backed up our hypothesis by showing that proposed framework is able to add awareness support to existing human–computer–Human (HCH) interfaces in a seamless way. It is also showed that added awareness components effectively contributed to achieve a higher level of collaboration among users.

Conservation districts and emergency management: New partners for tight fiscal times

Declining state budgets and pressure on the federal budget are likely to leave local emergency management efforts in a precarious position. During these challenging times, all government agencies will need to reach out and establish new partnerships to accomplish their missions. Emergency management situations, such as blizzards, fire, floods, and drought, are likely to originate in rural areas, and finding a partner who has a good working relationship with rural landowners is critical. Conservation districts are special- purpose government units that have a long history of working with rural landowners and getting active management installed on the ground. In addition, conservation districts have existing partnerships with other state and federal agencies, which can bring additional financial resources into the emergency management arena in a multipurpose framework. Although conservation districts are unlikely to be able to work in preparation and response planning, they can provide valuable assistance in mitigation and recovery operations. By including these special-purpose units of government in the emergency management planning and implementation efforts, emergency managers can extend their reach while not having to add additional resources.

On the Merging of Domain-Specific Heterogeneous Ontologies Using WordNet and Web Pattern-Based Queries

Ontologies are a basic interest in various computer science disciplines such as semantic web, information retrieval, database design, etc. They aim at providing a formal, explicit and shared conceptualisation and understanding of common domains between different communities. In addition, they allow for concepts and their constraints of a specific domain to be explicitly defined. However, the distributed nature of ontology development and the differences in viewpoints of ontology engineers have resulted in the so-called "semantic heterogeneity" between ontologies. Semantic heterogeneity constitutes the major obstacle against achieving interoperability between ontologies. To overcome this obstacle, we present a multipurpose framework which exploits the WordNet generic knowledge base for the following purposes: (i) discovering and correcting the incorrect semantic relations between the concepts of the ontology in a specific domain, this step is a primary step of ontology merging; (ii) merging domain-specific ontologies through computing semantic relations between their concepts; (iii) handling the issue of missing concepts in WordNet through the acquisition of statistical information on the Web; (iv) enriching WordNet with these missing concepts. An experimental instantiation of the framework and comparisons with state-of-the-art syntactic- and semantic-based systems validate our proposal.

Counter-insurgency in the Grey: The Ethical Challenge for Military Conduct

This study examines contemporary counter-insurgency (COIN) warfare in terms of military ethics. The intention is to reflect upon the changing face of COIN conduct in the light of serious ethical challenges resulting from modern trends affecting combatant status, and the deployment of military force in a multipurpose framework. It shall engage with what many commentators have termed the ‘grey area’ of the Just War tradition: the ambiguous and challenging interim zone that lies in between the more clearly defined forms of COIN conduct. The resultant analysis shall suggest the need for a more nuanced form of ethical conduct, orientated around restraint, more flexible discriminatory principles and a proportionality framework closer to domestic policing than formal warfare. In particular, this analysis suggests that by hybridizing the military imperative with the policing model of the continuum of force a more effective, less vague and more ethically coherent construct can be produced. By embracing these concepts, military practitioners may overcome ambiguous and unhelpful moral guidance and tailor their conduct more closely to the challenges of the contemporary COIN environment. Such actions will assure they act as justly as possible in the face of ‘grey area’ ethics.

Towards A Multi-Purpose Framework Microsimulation: Lessons From EUROMOD

Tax-benefit provide tools for policy analyses that should enable researchers to focus their attention on formulating policy scenarios and analysing their effects. From the users and the developers points of view, numerous characteristics and features are desirable to maximise the models usefulness. A model framework that offers generalised components essential for tax-benefit modelling while at the same time providing a large degree of flexibility in defining the specific parameters can be re-used for a multitude of modelling purposes. This paper discusses issues arising in the construction of such a general framework and illustrates possible approaches by reference to the the framework developed for construction of the EUROMOD tax-benefit model. EUROMOD is an integrated tax-benefit microsimulation model covering 15 (pre 2004) countries that are members of the European Union (Immervoll et al, 1999) as well as 4 of the New Member States. Implementing this many tax-benefit systems in one single consistent framework requires a robust yet flexible structure. The framework needs to reflect the basic structural characteristics of tax-benefit systems while leaving enough room for a diversity of particular instruments and rules. This paper outlines the general model framework adopted. We argue that, apart from its direct usefulness for EUROMOD, the framework has far wider applicability as a general approach to static tax-benefit microsimulation modelling.

Online simulation in the OPS system

OPS is an interactive system designed for general use in a time-sharing environment. It includes an on-line capability for building models and running simulations. Simulation activities are scheduled, canceled, or rescheduled dynamically on an AGENDA either at a specified time or when a prescribed condition is met. Activities can be made to consume simulated time by means of a delay for a certain period or a wait until given conditions are satisfied. The AGENDA is a time-ordered list of conditionally and unconditionally scheduled activities. Working within the multi-purpose framework of the OPS system, the user may inspect the AGENDA or some index of performance without stopping the simulation. He can also interrupt the run to make unprogrammed inspections and alterations. Before resuming, he can roll the simulation back to an earlier state that has been preserved, or perturb it in some other manner. Reference to data and activities is symbolic.