Multiprotocol Label Switching Technology Research Articles

Tel-MPLS: a new method for maximizing the utilization of IP telephony over MPLS networks

Currently, the multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) standard is extremely prevalent. By exploiting the features provided by MPLS technology, a range of services, including IP telephony, have enhanced their overall performance. However, due to the size of the packet header, the IP telephony service consumes a significant portion of the MPLS network's available bandwidth. For instance, in IP telephony over MPLS networks, the packet header might account for as much as 80% of lost time and bandwidth. Designers working on IP telephony are making substantial efforts to address this issue. This study contributes to current efforts by proposing a novel approach called Tel-MPLS, which involves IP telephony over MPLS. TelMPLS approach uses the superfluous fields in the IP telephony packet's header to retain the packet data, therefore lowering or zeroing the IP telephony packet's payload. Tel-MPLS is an approach that significantly reduces the bandwidth of IP telephony MPLS networks. According to the findings, the Tel-MPLS approach is capable of reducing the amount of bandwidth that is lost by 12% when using the G.729 codec.

Возможности протокола резервирования ресурсов для повышения пропускной способности и надежности передачи трафика между системами коммутации

As a research task, the authors define the features of the use of the resource reservation protocol (RSVP) in modern networks of MPLS (Multi protocol label switching) technology, which provides an increase in the throughput of delay-sensitive voice and video traffic. The RSVP protocol allows you to transfer requirements for the level of Quality of Service (QoS) with reference to data flows. The article discusses the characteristics of the RSVP protocol. The use of RSVP of three reservation styles is considered, as well as an extension of RSVP that supports better QoS, the establishment of explicit routable paths (LSP) with or without reservation, the possibility of LSP redirection. The benefits of segment routing (SR) are discussed in giving the network operator more control over the network, simplifying the network, and supporting class of service. It also discusses the protection mechanisms for MPLS-TE tunnels to provide failover.

Analysis of the capabilities of MPLS technology for managing traffic in communication networks

To support a growing number of users and multiple classes of applications with different performance requirements and characteristics, service providers have been forced to adapt to new technologies. To improve traffic management and Internet service quality, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposed MPLS technology to support several classes of latency-critical applications. Traditional IP networks use a hop-by-pop principle for transmitting traffic. This leads to aggregation of heterogeneous traffic on links in different parts of the network, which causes considerable possible growth of congestion and leaves the network with both unbalanced use of resources and link failure in congested parts. This raises the need for traffic engineering to ensure bandwidth guarantees and efficient use of network resources. To overcome these problems, the IETF has proposed a new data transmission mechanism, which is MPLS (Multi protocol label switching), in accordance with the current requirements. The application of MPLS (Multi protocol label switching) technology in modern communication networks is defined by the author as a research task. The report discusses the prospects of MPLS as a universal technology that supports several protocols. The features of construction of virtual private networks (VPN) on MPLS are considered, and how traffic engineering in MPLS takes into account the use of resources, which makes the development of routes based on separate streams or different streams between the same endpoints more effective.

Analyzing the Performance of Various Corporate Networks using Multi-Protocol Label Switching Technology

Analyzing the Performance of Various Corporate Networks using Multi-Protocol Label Switching Technology - written by Manav Soneja , Ravi Kumar C V published on 2020/07/04 download full article with reference data and citations

An economic framework for analysis of network architectures: SDN and MPLS cases

As new networking architectures such as 5G start materializing in the next era of communication revolution, economic and operational facets of these future networks drive researchers to rethink about their capabilities of flexibility, agility, programmability, and cost-effectiveness. These are the main features to make networks like 5G (fifth-generation) possible and available for societies shortly because they are the fundamental catalysts to achieve economic success in a network. It is vital for network owners to analyze and understand economic aspects of a network architecture before deciding to invest in it. In this article, we introduce a framework utilizing an activity-based approach for the techno-economic analysis of network architectures. In particular, we perform an economic analysis of SDN (Software Defined Networking) technology and MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) technology in order to understand how programmable networking, i.e., SDN technology, affects the network economics compared to traditional networking, i.e., MPLS technology. To this end, we firstly conduct a quantitative analysis exploiting an activity-based approach for CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) and OPEX (Operational Expenditure) calculations of a network. Secondly, we evaluate the architectures above concerning their economic performances using two metrics: Unit Service Cost Scalability metric and Cost-to-Service metric. Also, we present mathematical models to calculate certain cost parts of a network. Also, we compare different popular SDN control plane models, Centralized Control Plane (CCP), Distributed Control Plane (DCP), and Hierarchical Control Plane (HCP), to understand their economic impact with regards to the defined metrics. We use video as the service with different traffic patterns for the comparison. This work aims at being a useful primer to providing insights regarding which technology and control plane model(s) are appropriate for a specific service, i.e., video, for network owners to plan their investments.

Features of organization of backhaul backbone network based on LTE technology

The questions of organization of backhaul backbone network using LTE technology are considered. The model of a backhaul network using multiprotocol label switching technology is proposed to form the transport basis for existing networks. The transport performance of the network was estimated.

Implementing Multiprotocol Label Switching Technology for Secure Network Communication between Organizations

This exploratory study analyzed the current complications in the Manufacturing organizations for transferring files between two or more sites in-between an organization over an unsecured network communication. Based on the analysis we provide reliable implementation by an appropriate solution to improve and develop the performance of the network communication to help the company to progress the quality of work. The initial phase of the study analyses about Virtual Private Network (VPN) based on the network layers and identifies the underneath difficulties in VPN while data travels over the network in the form of encapsulation and the traffic of the fundamental network. Because of such an encapsulation technique used in VPN, it increases the network traffic which affects the bandwidth of a low-speed internetworking communication. By analyzing various case studies, it was identified Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology gives a feasible solution to put the network communication on the right track. It creates secure and reliable connectivity between organization sites and was effectively implemented in the place where slow speed network for connectivity between organizations are found. The recommending this MPLS solution, it helps organizations to share and effectively utilize the servers and service between organizations for secure, reliable and effective communication. Also by considering network security factor as a very significant factor for any network, we have also implemented the Firewall which provides appropriate defense for networks that prevents from internal and external threats. At the same time, the solution also provides support to Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) for providing easy manage and control all wireless access point. Keywords: Firewall, Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS), Servers, Virtual Private Network (VPN), Wireless LAN Controller (WLC).

DESIGN OF TRAFFIC ENGINEERED MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING-TRANSPORT PROFILE (MPLS-TP) FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF QUALITY OF SERVICE

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a switching technology. MPLS-TP is a progressive version of MPLS in the field of packet switched data network. MPLS-TP is a high-end technology which implements network methodologies in a transport layer. For managing virtual private network(VPN) services, MPLS is of developing enthusiasm to the service providers (SPs) and furthermore to VPN customers. MPLS-enabled routers allot a few labels to the packets, and in view of these allocated labels it produces sending decisions. The prime expectation after the MPLS technology is to eliminate the need of OSI model data link layered
 (layer-2) technology i.e. frame relay, Ethernet, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). This paper gives data about the components of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), correlation of MPLS with traditional Routing and Packet Switching, MPLS label format and MPLS operation.

Efficient Data Forwarding Mechanism in Backbone Networks by Employing MPLS Technology

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a relatively new WAN technology that is attracting the networking professionals around the globe. Many ISPs have already deployed it in their network. Yet, some other ISPs are in the pipeline to deploy it. Nevertheless, it has caught the attention of professionals soon after it was developed. Instead of the IP address or MAC address, MPLS works on small labels. These labels are inserted between Data Link layer and Network layer of the OSI model. Forwarding decisions are based on these labels; instead of looking at complex routing tables. The MPLS network is configured, and tested under different conditions. A comparison is drawn between the IP and MPLS network. The obtained results show that MPLS has a lower end to end delay and less CPU utilization. Furthermore, MPLS has lesser processing delay as compared to the IP network. The performance difference is basically due to the intelligent forwarding mechanism of MPLS technology. It is also important to further investigate this topic in terms of security considerations. The labels values are not encrypted during transmission, and there is no authorization mechanism defined. It will be highly beneficial to have more sophisticated suite of security tools to encounter threats and vulnerabilities.

An Integrated IP-MPLS Architecture for Next Generation Networks

Next Generation Networks (NGN) is a strategy to achieve the vision of next-generation services for the delivery of quad play data, voice and video anywhere and anytime virtually across any access technology. It integrates the services of 2G/3G/4G Networks including IPv4 and IPv6 and incorporates the services of traditional networks into a single service platform with the usage of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS). Much work has been reported by researchers to integrate MPLS technology into IP networks. But, not much progress has been made so far. In this paper, a novel integrated IP-MPLS Architecture is proposed, which provides IP-integration, end-to-end quality of service, security, scalability, resiliency, and management enhancements for deploying data, voice, and video services. Test bed has been established for testing the performance of the proposed architecture.

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN WAKTU DAN KECEPATAN TRANSFER PADA MULTI PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING (MPLS) DENGAN VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN) UNTUK PERPINDAHAN DOKUMEN PADA JARINGAN KOMPUTER

MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) technology has been developed and mostly used by the service provider on their main network. Data packets which forwarded from one router to another router can also use VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology. VPNs were developed in the field of computer networks now have many variants, such as MPLS VPN and VPN which connects between computers or a LAN through a public network is the internet. The purpose of this final task is build a lab scale VPN network with MPLS technology use Mikrotik router RB 750GL and create a VPN connection to the STTA campus network passing the public internet. Then do a comparative analysis of the time required and the speed of transfer on both the network. The results of a comparative analysis between MPLS and VPN with the same file capacity, it appears that the MPLS network is faster in time speed and transfer speed

MPLS technology in wireless networks

Recently, there has been increasing demand for Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) technology in most internet service provider networks. The application of MPLS technology in wireless networking...

Research of Network Testing Based on MPLS L2VPN

MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) VPN is based on MPLS technology and construct virtual private network (VPN) on backbone network, to provide users with safe, reliable, high-quality business technology VPN. MPLS L2VPN (Layer 2 VPN) is one type of solutions of MPLS VPN. The MPLS L2VPN technology, after years of researching and practicing, is becoming mature, and many RFCs and related drafts are published to standardize it. However, there is not much research of network test method on the MPLS L2VPN technology, this paper analyzes the various MPLS L2VPN solutions and make a reach on test method based on two types solutions: Martini and Kompella.

Traffic Model of IMS/NGN Architecture with Transport Stratum Based on MPLS Technology

Abstract Growing expectations for a fast access to information create strong demands for a universal telecommunication network architecture, which provides various services with strictly determined quality. Currently it is assumed that these requirements will be satisfied by Next Generation Network (NGN), which consists of two stratums and includes IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) elements. To guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) all NGN stratums have to be correctly designed and dimensioned. For this reason appropriate traffic models must be developed and applied, which should be efficient and simple enough for practical applications. In the paper such a traffic model of a single domain of NGN with transport stratum based on Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology is presented. The model allows evaluation of mean transport stratum response time and can be useful for calculating time of processing requests in the entire NGN architecture. Results obtained using the presented model are described and discussed. As a result of the discussion, elementary relationships between network parameters and transport stratum response time are indicated.

MPLS Traffic Engineering in ISP Network

Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is an innovative and vibrant technology. The most famous applications of MPLS technology are MPLS VPN, MPLT Traffic engineering and MPLS QoS and Any Transport over MPLS (AToM). This study addressed only MPLS Traffic engineering, which is one of the driving factors of deploying MPLS in service provider networks. This research consists of two main sections; in the first section basic concepts of MPLS have been reviewed and in the second section, implementation of the MPLS based ISP network, configuration and verification of the results are covered. Simulation results show that on large service provider networks, no other technology can engineer traffic as efficiently as MPLS does. This research aims to provide guidelines for network engineers for efficiently engineering network traffic in the service provider network.

Comparative Analysis of QoS VPN Provisioning Algorithm on Traditional IP based VPN and MPLS VPN using NS-2

A virtual private network (VPN) is a private network that uses a public network such as the internet or Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network to connect remote sites of same or different organizations/networks together. VPN provides similar level of privacy, security, quality of service and manageability that privately owned network provides. This paper presents the comparative analysis of VPN provisioning algorithm, Modified Tree Routing Algorithm (MTRA), on traditional IP based VPN and MPLS technology based VPNs. MPLS based method of packet forwarding has many advantages over IP layer forwarding. Packets with the same destination arriving on different ports of the router can be assigned to different Forwarding Equivalence Classes (FEC). Conventional forwarding, on the other hand, can only consider information that travels with packet in the packet header. The simulator used to implement the algorithm is, Network Simulator version 2.30 (ns-2). NS-2 gives the packet level analysis of the network with animation. General Terms Networking

Improving Triple Play Services Using Multi Protocol Label Switching Technology

Problem statement: Traditional IP networks have many limitations such as routing tables, which can be complex and time consuming. These limitations affect the performance of the network in some applications of triple play services (i.e., voice, video and data) which are characterized as time sensitive applications. Thus, Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology has been proposed to speed up the traffic flow in the network using labels. Approach: In this study, an experiment using the Network Simulator NS-2 was performed to evaluate the impact of MPLS technology on the Triple Play Services based on the average throughput of the network, total number of packets received at destination nodes and packet loss rates and this is compared to that provided by traditional IP networks. Results: The results showed that MPLS performs better since it utilizes all the available paths to the destinations. Conclusion: MPLS allows Internet Services Providers (ISPs) to provide better triple play services for end-users.

A novel path protection scheme for MPLS networks using multi-path routing

Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is an evolving network technology that is used to provide traffic engineering (TE) and high speed networking. Internet service providers, which support MPLS technology, are increasingly demanded to provide high quality of service (QoS) guarantees. One of the aspects of QoS is fault tolerance. It is defined as the property of a system to continue operating in the event of failure of some of its parts. Fault tolerance techniques are very useful to maintain the survivability of the network by recovering from failure within acceptable delay and minimum packet loss while efficiently utilizing network resources. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for fault tolerance in MPLS networks. Our approach uses a modified (k, n) threshold sharing scheme with multi-path routing. An IP packet entering MPLS network is partitioned into n MPLS packets, which are assigned to node/link disjoint LSPs across the MPLS network. Receiving MPLS packets from k out of n LSPs are sufficient to reconstruct the original IP packet. The approach introduces no packet loss and no recovery delay while requiring reasonable redundant bandwidth. In addition, it can easily handle single and multiple path failures.

Security analysis of RSVP-TE signaling in MPLS networks

Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is one of the fastest growing telecommunications infrastructure technologies. MPLS provides OSI layer 2 switching speed coupled with layer 3 addressing, and supports multiple service models and sophisticated traffic management. Several telecommunications companies have made massive investments in MPLS technology. Indeed, within a few years, a major portion of global data, voice and video traffic is expected to travel over MPLS network cores. This paper examines the security issues related to the RSVP-TE signaling protocol, which is vital to creating and managing the high-speed paths used by MPLS traffic. Our analysis has revealed several exploits–ranging from network enumeration to denial-of-service attacks–that can significantly impact MPLS networks. The exploits are discussed in detail along with proposed mitigation strategies.

Network OAM requirements for the New York City transit network

New York City transit's subway system is one of the largest and most complex mass transportation systems in the world. Because of the extensive subway system, an extensive communications network infrastructure is needed to allow for communications of the various subway services with the control centers to support mission-critical (and safety-critical) applications. The current network utilizes multilayer network technologies, including SONET, ATM, and IP (layer 2/3 device) layer networks. As a consequence of using these various technologies, extensive challenges are faced in trying to consolidate these separate networks into a single management view, simplifying (and automating) not only the provisioning aspects but also troubleshooting/fault management aspects of the network. Such automation will help to simplify network operations and allow for better handling and management of the reliability and availability of the network. To achieve this goal, various technologies were evaluated. Consideration is being given to multiprotocol label switching technology. MPLS offers the potential to help converge to a simpler networking model. In order to achieve this, certain capabilities must be available (e.g., the ability to quickly and automatically identify defects/failures and subsequently reroute around these failures). This article discusses the operational requirements for the MPLS network from the point of view of backbone networks that support a mass transportation system operator.