Multi-performance Characteristics Research Articles

Multi-weld Quality Optimization of Friction Stir Welding for Aluminium Flange Using the Grey-based Taguchi Method

Friction stir welding (FSW) is gaining traction as a preferred technique due to its potential to reduce heat input and enhance the mechanical properties of welded joints. However, the path to commercializing FSW for flange joints is not without challenges. Two primary obstacles are the complexity of the welding path and the intricate design requirements for the fixtures. These factors contribute to the difficulty in determining the ideal weld settings and process parameters, which are critical for achieving optimal results. The current study addresses these challenges by applying FSW to flange joints using custom-engineered fixtures. These fixtures are meticulously designed to hold the pipes and plates securely during the welding process. The focus of the research is on optimizing the multi-performance characteristics of FSW for Al 6063 flange joints through the hybrid Grey-based Taguchi method. The integrity of the weld joint is assessed by examining various mechanical properties within the weld zone, including rotation speed, travel speed, tool profile, and shoulder diameter. The study identifies the optimal parameter settings for the FSW process: a rotation speed of 3000 rpm, a travel speed of 3 mm/min2, a shoulder diameter of 20 mm, and a conical tool profile. Under these ideal conditions, the welded material exhibited a tensile strength of 170.169 MPa, a hardness of 63.7709 HV, and a corrosion rate of 0.022 mm/year. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the optimized FSW process in producing robust and durable flange joints.

Development of Hybrid Optimization Model Using Grey-ANFIS-Jaya Algorithm for CNC Drilling of Aluminium Alloy

Aluminium alloys are gaining popularity in a diversity of engineering applications because of their extraordinary features such as strength, resistance to oxidation, and so on. AA5052 (Al-Mg series) is generally used in antirust uses, particularly in desalination related activities, due to its better resistance to corrosion in marine applications at temperature ranges up to 125°C, lower cost, better heat-carrying capacity, and nontoxicity of its corrosion components. Drilling is one of the most commonly adopted material removal processes that is adopted in numerous engineering uses. Taguchi’s technique is engaged to arrange and examine the tests, by treating the drilling diameter and speed and as independent process factors. The studies were carried out using an L27 orthogonal array. Material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and form/orientation error are deemed as output characteristics. Taguchi’s analysis was engaged to discover the best process factors. ANOVA is used to examine the influence of process variables. Suitable application of artificial intelligence tools for making effective decision assists the manufacturer in accomplishing the benefits in numerous engineering domains. To obtain the maximum material removal and minimum roughness, circularity (circ), and perpendicularity errors (perp), the process variables have been optimized with the help of grey-ANFIS-amalgamated with Jaya algorithm. The multiperformance index was developed using grey theory. Statistical error analysis is used to estimate the performance of the established optimization model. Based on the investigative outcomes, the best-suited process variable combinations will be used to provide improved and enhanced multiperformance characteristics.

Optimization of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus Pelamis) Quality Factors in Chilled Box Storage Using Taguchi Method

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is one of tuna fish species in Indonesia,which is perishable and must be kept its freshness by chilling. Aim of this research were to optimize influenced quality factors and to find the best method for reduce deterioration process. The research was conducted by using Taguchi Method, which was used quality robustness concept and multi-performance characteristics to achieve optimal combination of factors. Controlled factors during chilled storage were; weight ratio of ice and fish (A), box size (B), time replacing ice (C), ice form (D), concentration of added salt (E), fish form (F) and number of fishes per kg (G). Quality responses for assessing the freshness were; peroxide value (POV), water content (WC), pH value, texture and Total Plate Count (TPC). The result showed, increase of peroxide value was affected by A of 26.52% and C of 26.52%. Increase of water content was influenced by F of 37.25%. Fluctuation of pH was affected by G of 59.58%. Decrease of texture was influenced by A of 40.47%. Increase of TPC was influenced by A of 31.20%. Priority Scale of factors during storage were A, E, D, G, F, B, and C. Result of analysis muli-performance characteristics gave a conclusion that factors A1, B1, C1, D2, E2, F2 and G2 are the best chilling storage methods.

Optimizing foam quality characteristics of model food using Taguchi‐based fuzzy logic method

AbstractIn this study, the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) concentration (0%, 50%, and 100%), sonication time (10, 20, and 30 min), and whipping time (5, 10, and 15 min) on the quality characteristics of the model food foam were investigated and optimized. In order to maximize both foaming capacity (FC) and foam stability (FS), it was aimed to select the optimum process parameters using a Taguchi‐based fuzzy logic method (TBFLM). The experiments were performed according to Taguchi L9 (33) orthogonal design, and the effects of process parameters on foam quality characteristics were investigated by analysis of variance. Optimization results revealed that optimum FC and FS values were obtained with 50% SPI, 30 min sonication, and 10 min whipping. SPI concentration was the most effective factor for the responses in Taguchi single‐response optimization. However, the whipping time has the greatest impact on the multiperformance characteristics index, accounting for 78.93% of the contribution to fuzzy logic multiresponse optimization. The verification experiments revealed that the TBFLM is a useful method for improving foam quality characteristics.Practical applicationsFC and FS are the most important properties, which represent the quality characteristics of model food foams. The Taguchi method failed in multiresponse optimization in the model food application. A Taguchi‐based Fuzzy logic optimization method was successfully applied to optimize the quality characteristics of model food foam, and the optimal conditions were determined as soy protein isolate of 50%, sonication time of 30 min, and whipping time of 10 min. The contribution of whipping time to the multiperformance characteristics index was found to be the highest.

Multi-response optimization of TIG dissimilar welding of AISI 1008 mild steel and AISI 316 stainless steel using grey-based Taguchi method

This article presents a reliable method of multi-performance characteristics optimization of TIG dissimilar welding of mild steel and stainless steel. Grey-integrated Taguchi optimization approach was adopted for the optimization of the welding process parameters such as the welding current, the welding voltage and the gas flow rate for multi-performance characteristics such as the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and Vickers microhardness of the fusion zone. L9 Taguchi orthogonal array was employed with three process parameters all at three levels. The welding current was the most significant process parameter for the multi-performance characteristics of the weld joint. The optimal setting for the multi-performance characteristics of the weld joint was obtained as welding current at level 1 (110 A), welding voltage at level 1 (11 V) and gas flow rate at level 3 (18 l min−1). The corresponding response variables at the optimal setting were ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and Vickers microhardness of 493.29 MPa, 395.38 MPa, 31.35% and 390.52 HV respectively. These values are all found to be higher than the values obtained at the initial settings. This shows that grey-integrated Taguchi optimization is an effective method in multi-performance characteristics optimization of dissimilar welded material.

Multi-performance characteristics optimization in near-dry rotary EDM of AlSiC by weighted principal component analysis

In the current study, electrical discharge machining of particle reinforced aluminium matrix composite (AlSiC) using near-dry conditions is investigated. The investigation has been carried out by using de-ionized water as liquid phase and air as gaseous phase of a two-phase dielectric fluid. The gap between the work material and the tool is supplied with a little amount of de-ionized water droplets at a slow, steady pace using a minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) device. The process parameters included in the study are peak current, duty cycle, pulse-on time, tool rotation and air pressure. MRR (Material removal rate), TWR (Tool wear rate) and HT (Hole Taper) were selected as evaluation criteria. L27 (313) orthogonal array was used to conduct the experiments. The experimental results obtained were used in principal component analysis (PCA). The MPI (multi-response performance index), which combines these principal components and weighted principal component analysis (WPCA), is calculated as overall performance index. The approach is capable of forecasting optimal levels of machining factors. Significant factors and their contribution is determined by ANOVA performed for MPI. To validate the optimum parametric settings confirmatory experiment was conducted. Experimental results show that the responses in near dry rotary EDM process can be successfully improved using the suggested method.

Grey-based taguchi method for multi-weld quality optimization of gas metal arc dissimilar joining of mild steel and 316 stainless steel

Welding processes play a significant role in many fabrication and manufacturing industries. Among various welding processes that have been developed over the years, Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or Metal Inert Gas Welding (MIG) has received a lot of interest due to its ability to weld a variety of metallic materials, easy adaptation for automation, high deposition rate, high efficiency, and low capital requirement. This study focus on the optimization of the multi-performance characteristics of MIG welded butt joint of AISI 1008 mild steel and AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel by hybrid Grey based Taguchi method. L9 Taguchi orthogonal array was adopted for the optimization of the MIG welding current, voltage and gas flow rate. The weld joint integrity has been assessed in terms of the tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and Vickers microhardness of the fusion zone. Welding current of 180 A, voltage of 14 V, and gas flow rate of 19 l/min were obtained as the optimal parameter setting for the MIG welding process. The tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and hardness of 559.25 MPa, 382.22 MPa, 33.34%, and 250.63 HV respectively were obtained at the optimal setting. Voltage was the most significant process parameter with 63.76% contribution for the multi-performance of the weldments. The confirmatory test was performed to validate the optimization process which proved Grey based Taguchi method to be an easy but yet effective method for multi-performance characteristics optimization of welded joints.

Dissimilar Laser Welding of NiTi Alloy with Ferrous and Non-ferrous Material: Optimization of Process Parameters

NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is extensively utilized in various high-performance engineering industries such as medical devices, aerospace, air-craft structures, micro-electrical and electronic components, and more, owing to its exceptional properties, including shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity, and biocompatibility. Nonetheless, due to its distinct characteristics, achieving a suitable joint of NiTi alloys is a challenging task. Therefore, scientists have been dedicating significant efforts to the joining of this alloy. This current research explores the weldability of NiTi wires with stainless steel wire and copper wire using Laser. The micro-hardness and the tensile strength of the weld joint are acquired according to Taguchi design of experiment so as to identify the significance of the control factors (laser power, scan speed and focal length). Moreover, simultaneous optimization of multi performance characteristics is also attempted using Utility concept. The results from the confirmation runs showed that the predicted optimal machining parameters has im-proved the individual as well as the multiple performance characteristic.

Experimental study on the influence of turning process parameters on surface texture and material removal rate of composites by using Grey relational Taguchi technique

Now a days industries are looking to manufacture components that are having a good surface texture and should have more life to be in working condition. The automobile industry and aerospace industries are looking for new materials and methods to increase the good surface texture with the optimum resource utilization to prepare the components. To achieve this it is essential to go for CNC machines, new methods, and materials. At present industries are using alloys and composite materials widely to manufacture their components. To meet the needs of industries it is essential to study the surface roughness, and material removal rate of new materials, as these output responses are vital for materials to use in industries. In this study, my work is on composites Al6061/SiC/Gr (HAMMC). To machine the samples of composite, CNC turning operation using of carbide single point cutting tool. The objective is to find the influence of machining parameters on surface roughness, material removal rate, and sustain of material under hot working conditions. By using, the Taguchi technique, some experiments are designed based on input parameters and level of parameters. Grey Relational Analysis was also used to optimize the parameters for the multi-performance characteristics of minimum surface roughness and maximum material removal rate in machining.

Detailed evaluation of a heat exchanger in terms of effectiveness and second law

In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of semicircular strip turbulators placed in the inner tube of a concentric heat exchanger on its exergy loss rate (E*) and effectiveness (e). The Reynolds number (Re), pitch (p), diameter (d), thickness (t) and arrangement style (a) were the design parameters for the study. The changes in these parameters had significant effects on exergy loss rate and effectiveness compared to the results found with the smooth empty tube. The results of the study are given graphically as the change in the exergy loss rate and the change in effectiveness with the number of transfer units (NTU). The largest exergy loss rate and effectiveness values were found to be 0.263 and 0.556, respectively. It was concluded that the effectiveness of the heat exchanger increased with increasing NTU, while the exergy loss rate is decreased. Since the increase in effectiveness will mean an increase in heat transfer, it can also cause an increase in irreversibility. For this reason, multi-performance characteristics have been determined since evaluating the effectiveness together with the exergy loss rate caused by irreversibility will provide more realistic results. Thus, the optimum parameter combination was found, where the maximum effectiveness and the smallest exergy loss rate values were obtained. Finally, the artificial neural network (ANN) model of the study was created and the hyperparameters of the model were determined by the Bayesian optimisation method. In the created ANN model, MSE and R values of effectiveness and exergy loss rate were found as 5.3238e-04, 2.18177e-06 and 0.963, 0.998, respectively. According to these results, it has been confirmed that the proposed ANN model can be used successfully in the modelling of the heat exchanger.

Optimisation of performance characteristics in laser welding of Nitinol wires using Taguchi and grey relation analysis

ABSTRACT NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) finds wide applications in high-performance engineering industries such as medical devices, micro-electrical and electronic components, aerospace, aircraft structure, and so on, to name a few. This is owing to its superior properties like shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity, and biocompatibility. However, getting a proper joining of NiTi alloys is hard considering its unique characteristics. Therefore, joining this alloy has been a domain of great attention for scientists. The current research work investigates the weldability of NiTi wires using Laser spot welding. The microhardness and the tensile strength of the weld joint are acquired according to Taguchi’s design of experiment. The significance of the control factors (laser power, scan speed, and focal length) is identified through ANOVA, and an ideal factor setting for optimum individual responses is established. Moreover, simultaneous optimisation of multi-performance characteristics is also attempted through Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method. From the GRA, 300 W laser power, 1 mm/sec scan speed, and 0.5 mm focal position are found to be giving optimum results for both the responses. The result from the confirmation runs showed that the predicted optimal welding parameters improve the individual as well as the multiple performance characteristics.

Abrasive Jet Machining of Incense Stick Ash Filled Luffa-Human Hair Based Sustainable Bio-composite Using Taguchi Based GRA

ABSTRACT In this research, a new class of partially biodegradable epoxy-based sustainable bio-composite is developed in house by using blend of luffa cylindrica (LC) and short human hair (SHH) as fiber and diverse weight proportions (0, 5, 10,15 and 20 wt.%) of incense stick ash (ISA) as filler through the conventional hand lay-up method. The presently developed hybrid natural fiber composites are characterized for their density and porosity and subsequently, investigated for their machinability through abrasive jet machining (AJM) process. Two grits of silicone carbide (SiC, 300 µm and 600 µm) and combination of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and glass powder (90 µm) are used as the abrasives. The material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) of the machined surface are acquired according to Taguchi design of experiment. The significance of the control factors (type of composite, gas pressure, standoff distance and type of abrasive) is identified through ANOVA and ideal factor setting for optimum individual responses are established. Moreover, simultaneous optimization of multi performance characteristics is also attempted through Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The outcomes from the confirmation runs showed an improvement in the predicted optimal machining parameters for individual as well as the multiple performance characteristic in AJM of the newly developed ISA filled LC-SHH fiber polymer composite.

Comprehensive analysis of the performance of the coaxial heat exchanger with turbulators

In this study, effects of semicircular striped turbulators, inserted into inner tube of a coaxial heat exchanger on the heat transfer (Nu), friction factor (f) and thermal performance factor (TPF) are analyzed. Pitch (p), thickness (t), diameter (d), arrangement style (a) and Reynolds number (Re) were chosen as design parameters (control factors). With the determined design parameters, it was observed that Nu and f values increased by 5.43 and 4.71 times, respectively, compared to the empty pipe, and the TPF increased up to the value of 3.72. The design parameters are addressed as; Three analysis methods are applied to the study, namely; (i) Taguchi Experimental Design (TED), (ii) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and (iii) Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). With TED, optimum parameter levels that maximize heat transfer and minimize friction factor have been determined. The percentage effects of these parameters on the heat transfer and friction factor were obtained by the second method, ANOVA. As a result of the analyzes, most efficient parameter on Nusselt number is found as Reynolds number (31%), whilst the lest efficient parameter is found as the pitch (1.74%). The arrangement style of the turbulators has the strongest effect (32.94%) and, similarly, to the heat transfer, the pitch has the weakest effect (nearly negligible) on the friction factor. Lastly, the effects of control factors on the heat transfer and pressure loss are evaluated together, by using GRA and so multi performance characteristics are determined. According to this analysis, it was seen that the most effective parameter on the multi performance characteristic was the Reynolds number, and the most ineffective parameter was the thickness.

Multi performance characteristics optimization of end milling parameters on surface quality and Micro-hardness of SS-304

Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis approaches are used in the present study for optimizing the end milling process parameters of stainless steel 304 (SS-304). The four key input machining parameters i.e., rate of feed presence/absence of coolant, speed is investigated experimentally. An orthogonal Taguchi L18 array was used to perform the trials, which consisted of 18 trials with two coolant levels, three levels for the remaining three parameters. Three performance features for improvement: surface roughness (SR), surface strain (SS), and microhardness (MH) are taken into consideration. Multi performance characteristics were improved using Taguchi with grey relational analysis (GRA), and the data was then analysed using mean response tables and variance analysis i.e., ANOVA. The optimal combination is obtained as A1B3C3D1 i.e., coolant on, feed rate 2500 mm/min, depth of cut 0.4 mm, and cutting speed 1500 rpm. Further, it is also observed that highest contributing parameter is speed with the percentage of 25.75. This approach detects several performances optimum improvements of 3.9615 percent through a confirmation test.

Multi characteristic optimization of high-speed machining of GFRP laminate by hybrid Taguchi desirability approach

The favourable mechanical properties of Glass-fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite (GFRPC) enable their use in advanced aerospace structures. Research outcomes suggest that high-speed drilling is as an exceptional method for reducing delamination and improving the productivity. The objective of this paper is to optimise the drilling conditions with multi-performance characteristics with hybrid Taguchi desirability approach. The experiments carried out using Taguchi’s L9 3 level orthogonal array. Input machining conditions are feed rate, and spindle speed, and the responses are thrust force, torque, delamination at both the entry and the exit of the hole, and hole diameter. Results revealed that high spindle speeds and low feed rated increase the delamination and hole diameter. But high spindle speeds with low feed rates reduced the thrust force and torque. The optimization results revealed that optimal machining conditions are the speed at 12,000 rpm and feed at 3 mm/min for achieving minimum torque, thrust force, delamination and hole diameter values simultaneously. The spindle speed has greater influence than feed rate on drilling performance.

Numerical investigation and implementation of the Taguchi based entropy-ROV method for optimization of the operating and geometrical parameters during natural convection of hybrid nanofluid in annuli

Numerical analyses have been carried out to investigate the effect of geometrical and operating parameters on heat and fluid flow of Cu–Al2O3/water Hybrid nanofluid inside annuli. The simulations are performed over a range of aspect ratio (200–500), orientation angle (30–90°), heat flux (2500W/m2-10,000W/m2), and volume fraction of nanoparticles (0–0.045) as controllable parameters. As a novelty, the study is further extended through Multi-response optimization using an entropy-based Range of Value (ROV) method to obtain optimum values of controllable parameters. The four output responses viz. heat transfer coefficient (h), Nusselt number (Nu), rate of mass flow (ṁ), and Reynolds number (Re) were computed and recorded using Taguchi's L16 orthogonal array. The obtained results illustrate that the heat transfer coefficient and mass flow rate increases with aspect ratio, inclination, heat flux, and nanoparticle concentration. The optimum grouping of the controllable factors which maximizes output responses are A4B4C4D4 (i.e.: Aspect ratio = 500, inclination = 90°, Heat flux = 10,000W/m2 and volume fraction of nanoparticles = 0.045). It is also inferred that the inclination has the maximum influence on the multi-performance characteristics followed by heat flux, aspect ratio, and volume fraction.

Influence of Milling Process Parameters on Machined Surface Quality of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites Using Taguchi Analysis and Grey Relational Analysis

The article presents the milled surface quality of Uni-Directional Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (UD-CFRP) composites from Taguchi’s and grey relational analysis. The novelty is demonstrating the possibility of detecting the surface defects in polymer composites during milling using SEM analysis. The material used for this study is UD-CFRP composite laminates and made by hand-layup process. All the milling operations were carried out using a solid tungsten carbide end milling tool and experiments conducted on CNC milling machine. Taguchi L9, 3-level orthogonal array was considered for experimentation. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to explore the significance of each individual input process parameters on multiple performance characteristics. Optimal process parameters are thoroughly validated by grey relational grade achieved by the grey relational analysis for multi performance characteristics. Finally, experimental results were correlated and analyzed with scanning electron micrographs using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Optimization of turning process parameters of SS-321 using taguchi based grey relational analysis

Tool wear, high surface roughness & MRR (Material Removal Rate) are the major problems associated with turning of SS-321. The turning parameters such as feed rate, depth of cut and cutting speed have the major effects on surface roughness, MRR, and cutting forces. An increase in magnitude of cutting forces leads to increase in the power requirements and simultaneously it decreases efficiency, which is the great concern in current scenario. In this turning work on SS-321, Taguchi based L27 orthogonal array was designed and experiments were performed accordingly. The data analysis was done by Taguchi, ANOVA and Grey relational analysis. The optimized results and improvements by using this method were also validated by a verification test. Results revealed that turning process with parameters such that feed rate, depth of cut and cutting speed at 0.3 mm/rev, 0.3 mm and 120 m/min respectively yields the optimum multi-performance characteristics. However, it was determined by ANOVA (Analysis of Variances) that depth of cut is a process parameter that affect most the multi-function features with percentage contribution of 64.86% followed by feed (16.84%) and speed (10.20%). Under these circumstances, the optimum parameters set seems to favorably affect the average values of all the three response parameters (surface roughness, cutting forces, MRR) so that the average values of output characteristics arrive at optimum level.

Evaluation of Hot Corrosion Properties for Nano-coated Superalloy

The purpose of this study is to optimize the hot corroded pack coated Ni-based super alloy K417G using composite desirability. Pack cementation parameters optimization was performed using quality characteristics of diffusion coatings for pack cementation process, i.e. salt activator, Nano-powders master alloy powder and wt.% Ge. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for observing the most influencing pack cementation parameters on the quality characteristics, i.e. Na2So4-6% wt. V2O5 (kp1), 100 wt% NaSO4 (kp2), and 75 wt. % NaSO4-25 wt % NaCl (kp3). A confirmation test was performed after the optimal process parameters were determined using composite desirability analysis. Based on analysis of variance results, the wt.% of Geis the most significant controllable diffusion coating factor for the hot corroded pack coated K417G at optimum setting conditions (A2, B1, C3) i.e. activator (NaCl), master alloy (90Cr-10Al) and wt.% of Ge (2%) according to the quality characteristics. Composite desirability was successfully applied on optimization of hot corroded pack coated K417G using multi-performance characteristics.

Process design for minimization of resultant cuttting forces during the machining of heavy-duty piston

In this study, machining performance a series of commercially available uncoated carbide inserts with different depth of cut investigated during plunging of aluminum alloy (LM-13) and NI-alloy (MPL-251) of heavy-duty piston. For comparison, different depth of cut with same angle was also tested under the same cutting conditions. Direction of plunging machining operation is perpendicular to the axis of the piston which will be X- direction. In present work Taguchi analysis using ANOVA for 3 parameter, 3 level experimentation - full factorial (l27 array) were done with output response variables like resultant cutting forces, mean surface roughness (Ra), maximum surface roughness (Rt). Main effects of factors and their interactions were studied and multiple optimizations of the responses were analyzed by grey relational analysis using Taguchi methods to find the best optimal setting of parameter levels. The confirmation tests were carried out to reveal the accuracy of the best setting of parameter levels. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was found that selection of depth of cut tool has greater influence on cutting surface roughness, selection of feed and cutting speed has greater influence on resultant cutting forces. Whereas selection of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut has greater influence on the cutting forces. Grey relational analysis using Taguchi techniques gives the best optimal results by setting cutting parameters at lower level of 300 m/min, feed at lower level of 0.04 mm/rev and depth of cut 6 mm at higher level for better output. It was also found that the cutting speed and feed rate tool has the strongest effect on the multi-performance characteristics among the other machining parameters.This paper describes Grey relational analysis. Taguchi techniques gives the best optimal results by setting cutting parameters at lower level of 300 m/min, feed at lower level of 0.04 mm/rev and depth of cut 6 mm at higher level for better output. It was also found that the cutting speed and feed rate tool has the strongest effect on the multi-performance characteristics among the other machining parameters.