Multi-channel Power Research Articles

АНАЛИЗ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ХМЕЛЕСУШИЛКИ С ЧАСТИЧНОЙ РЕКУПЕРАЦИЕЙ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ

Drying is an integral part of the technological process of commercial hop production. Depending on the production volume and the level of automation of the process, there are several ways to dry hop cones, including convective, microwave and sublimation. At the same time, dryers have different ratios of quality and productivity. Reducing energy costs for drying hops is an important area in the development of hop growing. In this regard, modernization and analysis of the productivity of hop dryers is a pressing issue in the current conditions of rising production costs. The aim of the research is to analyze the productivity of the MXS-25 hop dryer, modernized by installing a heat pump in the air circulation circuit and having adjustable heat recovery. The air temperature in the drying chamber was successfully controlled in the range of 60 ± 2 ° C. The preheating time required to achieve the air temperature was approximately 0.5 hours, which corresponds to approximately 5% of the total hop drying time. Comparison of the measured and calculated energy consumption values showed that the experimental values were in the range of 10.2 kWh to 11.5 kWh, averaging approximately 10.85 kWh during the experiment. Accordingly, the calculated values were in the range of 8.9 kWh and 10.2 kWh, averaging 9.55 kWh. A series of experiments comparing the drying performance using partial recovery showed that with an increase in the ambient temperature to 24 °C, the maximum relative moisture separation rate reached 6.23 kg/(kWh) with a bypass ratio of 0.86, which was higher than that of 5.54 kg/(kWh) for drying with full recovery. The partial heat recovery system is superior to the full recovery system in terms of energy efficiency and increased hop drying performance.

Biofeedback-Based Closed-Loop Phytoactuation in Vertical Farming and Controlled-Environment Agriculture.

This work focuses on biohybrid systems-plants with biosensors and actuating mechanisms that enhance the ability of biological organisms to control environmental parameters, to optimize growth conditions or to cope with stress factors. Biofeedback-based phytoactuation represents the next step of development in hydroponics, vertical farming and controlled-environment agriculture. The sensing part of the discussed approach uses (electro)physiological sensors. The hydrodynamics of fluid transport systems, estimated electrochemically, is compared with sap flow data provided by heat-based methods. In vivo impedance spectroscopy enables the discrimination of water, nutrient and photosynthates in the plant stem. Additionally to plant physiology, the system measures several air/soil and environmental parameters. The actuating part includes a multi-channel power module to control phytolight, irrigation, fertilization and air/water preparation. We demonstrate several tested in situ applications of a closed-loop control based on real-time biofeedback. In vertical farming, this is used to optimize energy and water consumption, reduce growth time and detect stress. Biofeedback was able to reduce the microgreen production cycle from 7 days to 4-5 days and the production of wheatgrass from 10 days to 7-8 days, and, in combination with biofeedback-based irrigation, a 30% increase in pea biomass was achieved. Its energy optimization can reach 25-30%. In environmental monitoring, the system performs the biological monitoring of environmental pollution (a low concentration of O3) with tomato and tobacco plants. In AI research, a complex exploration of biological organisms, and in particular the adaptation mechanisms of circadian clocks to changing environments, has been shown. This paper introduces a phytosensor system, describes its electrochemical measurements and discusses its tested applications.

Multi-Terminal DC Transformer for Renewable Energy Cluster Grid Connection

An AC (alternative current) power integration of distributed energies faces multi-fold challenges such as synchronization and weak grid-induced instability. In this study, a multi-terminal DC transformer is proposed for renewable energy clusters grid connection. The DC transformer provides multiple DC input ports for renewable energy collection, while the load port is connected to the medium-voltage DC grid via a modular multilevel converter (MMC). The multi-port topology enables flexible power transfer between multiple input sources to the load without additional components. The carrier layer modulation strategy is implemented to balance the MMC module voltage; bidirectional power transmission between multiple input sources is achieved through the phase shift modulation (PSM) method. First, we provided a detailed introduction of the proposed topology and working principle. A simulation model was built using the SIMULINK, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed converter modulation strategy and phase shift modulation method. A corresponding hardware experimental platform was designed and built, and the modulation and voltage equalization functions of modular multilevel rectifiers were presented as well as the measured results of power transmission modulation of the converter under single-input and multi-input conditions. The results indicate that the proposed transformer can achieve multiple DC inputs and has multi-channel power transmission capabilities, making it suitable for renewable energy clusters grid connection.

Construction of Multi-Channel Radio Frequency Plasma Jet System in Atmospheric Pressure and the Diagnosis of Plasma Parameters and I-V Characteristics

In order to produce cold plasma at atmospheric pressure, a multi-channel RF, of (1, 2, 3, and 4 MHz) frequencies, plasma jet system is developed using argon as the working gas. This system consists of two parts, a multi-channel power supply (of a power of 100 W) and a plasma jet. A strong electric field is created that ionizes and excites argon ions. The I-V characteristics of the system and the electron temperature and density for different powers (20, 50, 70, and 80 W), gas flow rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 sccm) (standard centimeter cubic per minute) at different frequencies (1, 2, 3, and 4 MHz) are studied, using the optical emission spectroscopy method. This system can be used in medical applications and material treatment with high efficiency.

Configuration design methodof hybrid electric agricultural machinery system based on layered two-dimensional matrix

The working environment and objects of agricultural machinery are different from those of automobiles, andagricultural machinery is greatly affected by the working environment and working conditions, and the power output systemismore complex. Agricultural machinery not only has drive output, but also PTO output and hydraulic output, whichtogetherconstitute the output system of agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery conditions can be dividedintoroadtransportation working conditions and field operation working conditions. The working conditions of agricultural machinerycan be divided into different load conditions according to the different traction tools and whether the hydraulic andPTOwork,such as ploughing, rotary tillage, fertilization, and transportation. Therefore, developing hybrid electric agricultural machinerysystems that are suitable for various complex working conditions holds great theoretical significance and practical value. Giventhe complex working conditions of agricultural machinery systems in agricultural work and the intricate challengesindesigning hybrid agricultural machinery systems. In this paper, the two-dimensional matrix is used to represent thephysicalstructure and dynamics of the multi-channel power output agricultural mechanism. A hierarchical two-dimensional matrixmethod for the generation and screening of hybrid electric agricultural machinery systems with multi-power output powerisproposed. The components of agricultural machinery are divided into an input layer and an output layer, and these componentsare coded and defined, and then transformed into a matrix. The hierarchical two-dimensional matrix method is usedtogenerateand screen the hybrid electric agricultural mechanism type. Through the stratification of the matrix, the complexityoftheconfiguration generation is reduced, and the constraints are applied to the basic screening of the generated configurations. Therationality of the configurations obtained after generation and screening is verified by Simulink simulation. The resultsshowthat the configuration screened by this method can meet the performance requirements of agricultural machinery.

Features of building millimeter-wave power combiners with an increased output power level

The problems of designing output power amplifiers of radio transmitting systems based on the summation of the power of individual monolithic integrated circuits are considered. An analysis of well-known solutions for the construction of multichannel power summation devices in the millimeter wave range is carried out. On its basis, proposals have been developed for the construction of multi-channel summation devices with an increased level of output power. The developed devices make it possible to increase the density of amplifier cells and the level of output power while maintaining the permissible thermal regime. Individual amplifier cells can also be replaced. The developed recommendations for the construction of multi-channel millimeter-wave power summation devices can be used in the creation and improvement of output power amplifiers of radio transmitting systems.

Antenna array of waveguide horns with an E-plane aperture, as well as horns with an aperture in the E- and H-planes

Background. Currently, in connection with the conduct of a special military operation, the issue of the availability of inexpensive mobile terminals for high-speed satellite communications of domestic production is very relevant, as well as due to the large extent of the territories of our country, there are a number of areas where cellular communication is absent, for example, the Taiga, the Arctic, the territory of the Arctic Ocean, etc. Therefore, the only possible connection in these territories is satellite communication. Aim. Development of a linear equidistant antenna array with equal amplitude and common-mode excitation for a mobile satellite communication terminal. Methods. The antenna array was designed from the open ends of waveguides with a cross section of 19 × 11 mm with air filling. Adjacent pairs of radiating waveguides are powered by an E-planar divider: the waveguide is divided in half in height by a thin metal diaphragm, wave reflections from which are insignificant; further, in each half of the power divider, height-separated right and left turns and smooth transitions in the E-plane are implemented – an extension from 5,25 mm to 11 mm. Results. An antenna array with a period of 19,5 mm has been developed. Overall dimensions: opening width – 624 mm, height – 12 mm, depth – 118 mm. A feature of the antenna array design is the use of smooth asymmetric transitions in the E-plane according to the exponential law; in the opening of the headlights, waveguide asymmetric horns alternate, with a period equal to 4 values of the width of the waveguides, taking into account the width of their narrow walls, expanding in the upper (2 adjacent radiators) and lower (next 2 radiators) directions. Conclusion. The advantage of using an approach to the construction of linear antenna arrays powered by multichannel power dividers is the ability to minimize the depth of the antenna system. The main disadvantages are the constructive and technological complexity of power dividers and significant power losses with a large number of channels. Possible manufacturing technologies of the developed phased array: 1. Stamping of polystyrene of the inner part of the power divider and emitters. Next, polishing, copper spraying and electroplating with a layer of copper. 2. Printing on a 3D polystyrene printer, polishing, copper spraying and copper electroplating. 3. Manufacture of a power divider using SIW technology based on standard microwave laminates. The use of metallized through holes for matching power dividers. Antenna elements and coaxial waveguide junctions are made by stamping from polystyrene, or printing on a 3D printer from polystyrene, then polishing, spraying a layer of copper and electroplating with a layer of copper. 4. Metal stamping of the power divider, emitters and coaxial waveguide junctions (2 parts). The dielectric insert can be printed on a 3D printer made of polystyrene.

Waveguide Integration and Packaging of a Multi-Channel Power Amplifier in a SiGe BiCMOS Technology for mm-Wave Applications

Waveguide Integration and Packaging of a Multi-Channel Power Amplifier in a SiGe BiCMOS Technology for mm-Wave Applications

Online Compression of Multichannel Power Waveform Data in Distribution Grid With Novel Tensor Method

Online Compression of Multichannel Power Waveform Data in Distribution Grid With Novel Tensor Method

基于门控多层感知机和Informer的多通道电力负荷预测

基于门控多层感知机和Informer的多通道电力负荷预测

Multi-channel inductive power transfer system based on ISOP topology

Multi-channel inductive power transfer system based on ISOP topology

Multi-channel switching magamp power converter for radio recieving devices

Development of high-quality energy supply of radio receiving devices is an urgent task. The article discusses the methods of designing high-frequency multi-channel power converters based on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers, the magnetic cores of which are made of an amorphous alloy with a rectangular hysteresis loop. Their significant advantages when powering radio receiving devices are the high quality of the output voltages and the low level of electromagnetic interference, both radiated and conductive. At the same time, they have a higher level of dynamic characteristics, reliability and efficiency while reducing their topological complexity and cost. In addition, it allows the implementation of multi-channel power converters with equivalent and independent output channels in a wide range of output powers. The paper presents the implementation of such a converter for powering radio receiving devices.

On-line sample preconcentration by LVSEP-FASI with simple voltage control on Y-channel chips.

To eliminate complicated voltage controls for highly sensitive microchip electrophoresis (MCE) analyses on the basis of combining two online sample preconcentration techniques, large-volume sample stacking with an electroosmotic flow (EOF) pump (LVSEP) and field-amplified sample injection (FASI), cross-channel microchips and a multichannel high-voltage power supply were replaced to Y-channel chips and a conventional power supply designed for capillary electrophoresis, respectively. By simple switching of the electric circuit after the LVSEP-FASI sample enrichments, the focused analytes could be separated during anodic migration in a separation channel. In the LVSEP-FASI analysis of fluorescein using the Y-channel microchip, the maximum sensitivity enhancement factor (SEF) of 7400 was achieved, resulting in a 30-fold detectability increase compared to the conventional LVSEP. The developed method was applied to the oligosaccharide analysis in MCE. As a result, the SEF for maltotriose was improved from 450 to 2300 and the baseline separation of the oligosaccharides was achieved without any complicated voltage control in LVSEP-FASI on the Y-channel chips.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE POWER SUPPLY AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE

The article describes new approaches to creating an autonomous compact system with automatic control for hemodialysis. It is proposed to organize a closed circuit for cleaning the dialysis solution using an electrolytic regenerator as a function of the concentration of urea in it. The functional diagram of the created system is presented and described. To power the regenerator, ensure thermal stabilization of the solution, and power auxiliary electronic and electrical equipment, a multi-channel power supply and control system for the hemodialysis machine based on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers has been developed and researched. The advantages of power switches based on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers in comparison with transistor switches, including in the construction of controlled power sources, are given. The principle of operation of the voltage regulator on high-frequency magnetic amplifiers is described. Theoretical and experimental oscillograms are given. Photographs of the experimental unit as well as an industrial sample of the multi-channel power supply and control system of the hemodialysis machine are provided. Their main technical characteristics are given. Conclusions to the conducted work are formulated. Carrying out the regeneration of the dialysis solution significantly reduces its costs – 2 liters of solution, which is suitable for use for 6 months, is enough for the operation of the device. Existing hemodialysis machines are a stationary open system using a single-use dialysis solution at a rate of up to 35 l/h, which ties the machine to stationary clinical conditions. Introducing feedback on the concentration of urea in the dialysis solution allows you to automate the blood purification procedure, as well as automatically complete hemodialysis at the necessary time, and also eliminates the dependence of the device on the conditions of the hospital.

Support-vector classification of low-dose nitrous oxide administration with multi-channel EEG power spectra

Support-vector machines (SVMs) can potentially improve patient monitoring during nitrous oxide anaesthesia. By elucidating the effects of low-dose nitrous oxide on the power spectra of multi-channel EEG recordings, we quantified the degree to which these effects generalise across participants. In this single-blind, cross-over study, 32-channel EEG was recorded from 12 healthy participants exposed to 0, 20, 30 and 40% end-tidal nitrous oxide. Features of the delta-, theta-, alpha- and beta-band power were used within a 12-fold, participant-wise cross-validation framework to train and test two SVMs: (1) binary SVM classifying EEG during 0 or 40% exposure (chance = 50%); (2) multi-class SVM classifying EEG during 0, 20, 30 or 40% exposure (chance = 25%). Both the binary (accuracy 92%) and the multi-class (accuracy 52%) SVMs classified EEG recordings at rates significantly better than chance (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). To determine the relative importance of frequency band features for classification accuracy, we systematically removed features before re-training and re-testing the SVMs. This showed the relative importance of decreased delta power and the frontal region. SVM classification identified that the most important effects of nitrous oxide were found in the delta band in the frontal electrodes that was consistent between participants. Furthermore, support-vector classification of nitrous oxide dosage is a promising method that might be used to improve patient monitoring during nitrous oxide anaesthesia.

Slotted-Waveguide Antenna Array Development by Means of Complementarity оf CST Microwave Studio and Compass 3D Programs

The main steps of the methodology for complex slotted-waveguide antenna arrays development using the complementary application of the COMPASS 3D design program and electromagnetic modeling CST Microwave Studio are considered. The presentation of the technique steps is carried out on the example of a structurally complex slotted-waveguide antenna array of the Ka-band with dimensions (117 mm ´ 30 mm) and two-dimensional array of 64 (2 ´ 8 ´ 4) slotted emitters. To facilitate the synthesis of the design parameters of such grids, it is proposed to use a three-stage process: 1) design of slotted antenna emitting modules with adjustment to a given operation frequency range; 2) development of harmonized multichannel power divider for them; 3) combining the antenna modules and the branched power divider into an effective antenna array with additional adjustment of their coordination parameters. According to this sequence, in the illustrated example, on the first step, the antenna emitter module with four slits is designed in the CST Microwave Studio program. Afterwards, on the second stage, a complex multi-channel waveguide power divider was designed. It is first drawn in COMPASS 3D and then imported and analysed in CST Microwave Studio. On the final third stage, the entire slotted-waveguide antenna array was assembled and simulated in CST Microwave Studio. At the same time, the obtained radiation pattern of the antenna array, the functions of electromagnetic field distribution in the waveguide path and other electromagnetic characteristics corresponded to the required ones. Equally, there was a slight shift in the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the operating frequency matching, as well as some deterioration in the SWR. This is explained by the fact that the links between the models of antenna emitters and the waveguide power distributor were carried out 'in ideal ports'. Meanwhile, the real values of the input resistances in these planes of the assembled structure are somewhat different from the ideal ones. Therefore, to complete the process of structural synthesis of the antenna-slot array, two approaches should be used: 1) it is better to complete design parameter optimization according to the criterion of improving the harmonization, if required to shift the operating frequency, 2) to reduce the SWR value, it is better to improve the coordination of the antenna array at its input by adjusting the matching device.

Wideband Multi-Channel Multi-Way Power Combiner With High Frequency Selectivity

A wideband multi-channel multi-way power combiner with high frequency selectivity circuit using the center-loaded multimode step impedance resonator (SIR) is presented in this paper. The SIR stubs can generate four transmission zeros on the both sides of the passbands, which improves the frequency selectivity of the two channels. The distributed coupling technique is used to connect the two different-frequency channels without any additional matching network. The presented power combiner is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured center frequency and relative 3-dB bandwidth of the two channels are 1.73/2.71 GHz and 43%/35%, respectively. The measured input return loss are greater than 16.4/20.8 dB, the measured output return loss is greater than 20.4/13.4 dB, and the measured insertion loss are 0.7/1.0 dB. Moreover, the measured different-frequency isolation between the two channels is greater than 26.8 dB, and the measured same -frequency isolation are greater than 23.9/29.1 dB, respectively.

Multichannel Power Constraints-Based SNR Estimation for the non-cooperative and cooperative scenarios of multi-user Wireless Network

Cooperative communication holds a significant task in Wireless Networks (WNs) by enhancing communication reliability, power, efficiency, and network connectivity. In addition, cooperative communication also enables the progression of a well-organized method for improving the WN quality. Moreover, it facilitates the exploitation of communicating resources by permitting the pathways and nodes in a network to assist in the transmission of data. In this research, a Multi-Channel Power Constraints-Based SNR Estimation (MCPC-SNR Estimation) is considered with source node to destination node and relay node to destination node. Also, three probabilistic models like joint entropy, mutual information, and correlation are considered for SNR parameters. Rather than considering the signals with the current information of signal and channel, we consider signal-to-noise ratio combining the method with static and dynamic Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation for the non-cooperative and cooperative scenarios. Finally, an assessment of the Multi-Channel Power Constraints-Based SNR Estimation (MCPC-SNR) model shows that the power allocations at the source, as well as relay nodes for transmissions, and the destination and relay nodes, have a notable effect on the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance for power-constrained cooperative communications. The analysis proves that the proposed work ensures a much lower Bit Error Rate (BER) for almost all timing error variations, which probably reaches 0.005.

How To Create A Powerful Multi‐Channel Appeal Campaign workshop

Nonprofit Business AdvisorVolume 2023, Issue 403 p. 4-4 Conferences & Events How To Create A Powerful Multi-Channel Appeal Campaign workshop First published: 10 March 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/nba.31430Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2023, Issue403April 2023Pages 4-4 RelatedInformation

A multichannel pulse power supply for pulsed RF amplifiers

A novel 50 V, 40 x 80 A multichannel pulse power supply, consisting of 40 numbers of 50 V, 80 A pulsed output channels for biasing pulsed RF amplifiers, is presented in this manuscript. It employs an FPGA based control and protection unit for generating drive pulses of each pulsed output channel as well as for their protection. This control unit has capability to vary the pulse width of drive pulses of pulsed output channels from 150 µs to 2 ms and frequency from 1 Hz to 50 Hz. The PSpice simulation of individual 50 V, 80 A pulsed output channel has been carried out and simulations results are also presented. Efforts have been put to minimize the inductance in the power paths of all the pulsed output channels and maintain synchronism among them. All the output channels have been simultaneously tested on dummy resistive load at 80 A peak current, 2 ms pulse width and 50 Hz switching frequency. The rise time and fall times of output pulses are observed as &amp;lt; 10 µs and pulse droop is observed as &amp;lt; 1%. The jitter between different output pulses is observed as 60 ns.