Differential cross sections for the reactions /sup 56/Fe(p,p) and /sup 56/Fe(p,p') were measured at 5 angles from E/sub P/ = 3.1 to 4.0 MeV with an overall energy resolution of 425-- 450 eV, full width at half maximum. Over 340 resonances were observed, half of which were d-wave levels. Angular distributions of deexcitation ..gamma.. rays were measured for the stronger l = 2 resonances and a few p-wave resonances to aid in assigning spins. Excitation functions were analyzed with a multilevel, multichannel R-matrix formalism. Analogs of the fourteenth (5/2/sup -/) and seventeenth through twentieth (9/2/sup +/, 5/2/sup +/, 3/2/sup -/, 1/2/sup -/) excited states of /sup 57/Fe were identified. Coulomb energies, fine structure parameters, and spectroscopic factors for these analogs are given. Proton strength functions are presented, and level densities are compared with semiempirical predictions.