Multiband Array Antenna Research Articles

Multi-Band Array Antenna Sharing a Common Aperture with Heterogeneous Array Elements

This paper proposes a multi-band array antenna that shares a common aperture with heterogenous array elements. The multi-band array antenna includes one printed dipole antenna for the S-band and 3 × 3 array E-shaped patch antennas for the X-band. The current directions of the printed dipole and E-shaped antenna are orthogonal to each other, which properly diminishes the mutual coupling interference. To decrease the mutual coupling interference among the X-band components, we placed cavities using multiple vias surrounding the X-band components. To check the validity of the proposed design, the unit-cell was expanded to a 12 × 12 X-band array configuration, and then the beam steering properties were examined. The proposed antenna’s average gains are 5.2 dBi in the S-band and 5.2 dBi in the X-band. The bore-sight gain of the extended array configuration on the ship mast is 35.6 dBi. The results confirm that the proposed design is suitable for MFR applications even in a shared aperture.

Multiband Array Antenna towards Microstrip Patch antenna using Resonant Frequency for s band Application

In today’s world, the requirement for lower-weight, low-cost, low-profile, and effective-use transmitters is growing by the day. For addressing these parameters in a variety of applications, microstrip patch antennas are more popular than other antennas. The main issue with these types of microstrip patch antennas is that they have a high return loss, VSWR, and bandwidth, but these issues can be rectified utilizing a design technique. The method of design was to use mirror image layouts, which was a simple and easy way to improve performance. The efficiency of a simple patch cannot be influenced by any single structure that lacks a mirror reflection. In this study, the two +-shaped constructions are used, and the results are in good agreement. In today’s world, these antennas have a variety of uses, including WLAN and s band applications. In the future, various frameworks will be used to improve the results that have been produced thus far.

MULTI-BAND ANTENNA ARRAY BASED ON DOUBLE NEGATIVE METAMATERIAL FOR MULTI AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

This paper presents a design of multi-band array antenna based on Double Negative Metamaterial (DNM) unit cells for multi-automotive applications. The antenna consists of 4 × 4 rectangular and circular radiating patches connected in series using microstrip lines and fed by a 50Ω corporate microstrip line. An array of 4×6 wire loaded complementary spiral resonator (CSR) unit cells is placed on its reverse side to provide miniaturization and multiband features to the proposed design. The reflection coefficient (S11), mutual coupling, effective diversity gain (EDG), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and radiation patterns are evaluated for four elements of the proposed antenna placed in four different locations on the car body model. Simulations and measurements indicated that the proposed antenna features a low mutual coupling ( 9.995), high efficiency (72%-95%), and low on-car detuning over the desired five bands; 1.99GHz to 3.03 GHz, 5.15 GHz to 6.369 GHz, 7.67 GHz to 7.99GHz, 9.91GHz to 10.23 GHz, and 11.79 GHz to 12.2GHz. The performance of ECC between four antennas on car body has been investigated in different cases of isotropic, indoor, and outdoor. The metallic effect on antennas performance also has been investigated by evaluating the mutual coupling and transmission coefficient between two antennas served as transmitter and receiver with presence of car body. The results show transmission coefficient of proposed DNM antenna with metallic presence almost identical to free space across desired frequency bands. With all capabilities mentioned the antenna has potential for WiFi/WiMAX, Vehicleto-Vehicle (V2V), transportable earth exploration satellite, military requirement for land vehicles, and earth stations on vessels applications.

Array Antenna Limitations

This letter defines a physical bound based array figure of merit that provides a tool to compare the performance of both single and multi-band array antennas with respect to return-loss, thickness of the array over the ground-plane, and scan-range. The result is based on a sum-rule result of Rozanov-type for linear polarization. For single-band antennas it extends an existing limit for a given fixed scan-angle to include the whole scan-range of the array, as well as the unit-cell structure in the bound. The letter ends with an investigation of the array figure of merit for some wideband and/or wide-scan antennas with linear polarization. We find arrays with a figure of merit >0.6 that empirically defines high-performance antennas with respect to this measure.