Mucociliary Clearance Time In Patients Research Articles

Evaluation of Nasal Mucociliary Clearance Time in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) is prolonged in patients with olfactory disorders. It is essential to differentially diagnose conductive and neural olfactory disorders. Here, we used the mucociliary clearance test to investigate a disease associated with neural olfactory disorders, i.e. schizophrenia. Data on age, gender, and duration of disease were collected. The study involved 56 schizophrenia patients and 56 healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age and gender (p = 0.459 and p = 0.768 respectively). Mean NMCT of patients with schizophrenia was 13.82 ± 3.22min and mean NMCT of healthy controls was 10.15 ± 2.94min. There was significant difference between the groups regarding NMCT (p < 0.001). In the patient group, there was a significant positive correlation between duration of disease, age, and NMCT (Pearson r = 0.286, p = 0.032, and Pearson r = 0.522, p < 0.001 respectively). This study has shown a prolonged NMCT in patients with schizophrenia compared to the healthy control group.

The evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

This study aimed to examine nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Fifty patients who were newly diagnosed with H pylori infection using gastric biopsy in the gastroenterology out-patient clinic, and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy adults who were admitted to the otorhinolaryngology out-patient clinic, were included in this study. After an otorhinolaryngological examination (anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination), the nasal mucociliary clearance time of each subject was calculated using the saccharine test. The mean mucociliary clearance time was 06:29 ± 3:31 minutes (range, 00:55-15:19 minutes) in the control group and 10:12 ± 06:09 minutes (range, 01:28-32:00 minutes) in the study group. Comparisons of the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). Nasal mucociliary clearance time was significantly increased in patients with H pylori infection. The results suggest that H pylori infection may have an unfavourable effect on nasal mucociliary clearance.

Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with Vitamin-D deficiency.

The main purpose of the current study was to investigate nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMC) in patients with Vitamin-D deficiency. A total of 55 patients with Vitamin-D deficiency and 32 controls were evaluated. NMC time was measured with subjective saccharine test and compared between study and control groups. In addition, NMC time was re-evaluated after Vitamin-D replacement protocol in patients with Vitamin-D deficiency. The mean 25(HO)Vitamin-D levels were 14.32 ± 4.23ng/mL (7-24.6) and 29.38 ± 7.05ng/mL (25-53.8) in study and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean NMC time was 11.15 ± 3.05 (6.3-17.6) and 8.40 ± 2.33 (6-13.2) in study and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean 25(HO)Vitamin-D level after the replacement protocol was 33.38 ± 10.03 and the mean NMC time was 9.56 ± 2.54 (p < 0.001). The mean NMC time was significantly increased in patients with Vitamin-D deficiency which can be corrected after Vitamin-D replacement protocols. The prolonged mucociliary clearance might be one of the pathophysiologic pathways at increased upper respiratory tract infections, and sinonasal and ear infections in patients with Vitamin-D deficiency.

Assessment of nasal parameters in determination of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

To assess nasal cycle, nasal mucosal pH and mucociliary clearance time in patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy control subjects. Patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and healthy control subjects were recruited. Presence of the nasal cycle, nasal mucosa pH and mucociliary clearance time were investigated in all participants. The study included 27 patients and 24 control subjects. The nasal cycle was present in significantly fewer patients than controls. Nasal pH and mucociliary clearance time were significantly higher in patients than in controls. Parkinson's disease is associated with alterations in nasal cycle, nasal mucosa pH and mucociliary clearance time. Measurements of these nasal parameters may be useful for the early diagnosis of autonomic and olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

The effect of dacryocystorhinostomy on mucociliary function

External dacryocystorhinostomy is suspected to cause mucociliary dysfunction by affecting ciliary activity and quality of the mucus. We hypothesized that patients who undergo endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy may also experience mucociliary dysfunction. We evaluated the effects of surgery on mucociliary clearance time in patients who underwent endoscopic dacryocstorhinostomy and external dacryocstorhinostomy. A prospective controlled study. Forty-four patients were studied: 22 had undergone one-sided endoscopic surgery and 22 had undergone one-sided external surgery for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Nonoperated sides of the both groups were remained as controls. The saccharin test was used to evaluate the mucociliary clearance time of the both sides. Dacryocystorhinostomy, results in prolonged mucociliary clearance times either endoscopic or external approach is performed (P < 0.001, paired t test). There was no significant difference between the mucociliary clearance times after endoscopic and external dacryocystorhinostomy (P = 0.22, Student's t test). Dacryocystorhinostomy impairs mucociliary function independent of the type of surgery.

Deleterious Effect of Smoking and Nasal Septal Deviation on Mucociliary Clearance and Improvement after Septoplasty

To investigate the effect of septal deviation, septoplasty, and smoking upon nasal mucociliary clearance by using saccharine test. Included in this study were 40 patients (15 women and 25 men) who had septal deviation and septoplasty surgery performed between March and June 2006. Patients are classified into three groups: group I (n = 20) nonsmoking patients who had septoplasty surgery, group II (n = 20) smoking patients who had septoplasty surgery, and the control (n = 20) group. None of the control group has nasal breathing problem or smoking history. For determining preoperative and postoperative nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) time, a saccharine test was performed on the patients 1 day before surgery and at the third month of postoperative control. Preoperative and postoperative nasal MCC time in patients of group I are statistically significantly lower than the group II (p < 0.01). Postoperative MCC time in group I and II is significantly decreased compared with preoperative MCC time, statistically (p < 0.01). Preoperative and postoperative MCC time of group I and group II is significantly higher than MCC time of the control group (p < 0.01). Nasal septal deviation and smoking deteriorates nasal MCC time and this result can be shown easily with the saccharine test. Properly performed septoplasty surgery decreases nasal MCC time during the late postoperative period but MCC times are still longer than normal. The saccharine test can be used for following up the effect of septoplasty upon nasal mucosa.

Impact of isotonic and hypertonic saline solutions on mucociliary activity in various nasal pathologies: clinical study

To investigate the impact of nasal irrigation with isotonic or hypertonic sodium chloride solution on mucociliary clearance time in patients with allergic rhinitis, acute sinusitis and chronic sinusitis. Mucociliary clearance time was measured using the saccharine clearance test on 132 adults before and after 10 days' application of intranasal isotonic or hypertonic saline. Patient numbers were as follows: controls, 45; allergic rhinitis, 21; acute sinusitis, 24; and chronic sinusitis, 42. The results before and after irrigation were compared using the Wilcoxon t-test. Before application of saline solutions, mucociliary clearance times in the three patient treatment groups were found to be significantly delayed, compared with the control group. Irrigation with hypertonic saline restored impaired mucociliary clearance in chronic sinusitis patients (p < 0.05), while isotonic saline improved mucociliary clearance times significantly in allergic rhinitis and acute sinusitis patients (p < 0.05). Nasal irrigation with isotonic or hypertonic saline can improve mucociliary clearance time in various nasal pathologies. However, these solutions should be selectively prescribed rather than used based on anecdotal evidence. Further studies should be conducted to develop a protocol for standardised use of saline solution irrigation in various nasal pathologies.

Effects of luteinising-hormone-releasing hormone on nervous-system tumours

in CBF in patients and controls (r=0·76, p<0·05, and r=0·63, p<0·05, respectively). L-arginine decreased nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with and without PCD (figure), and the maximum increases in NO and nasal mucociliary clearance time correlated significantly for the two groups (r=0·72, p<0·05 and r=0·71, p<0·02). Studies of human airway cilia have shown ciliary-beatfrequency stimulation by cyclic guanosine monophosphate and endogenous prostaglandin E2. NO increases concentrations of cyclic guanosine monophosphate and leads to the release of prostaglandin E2. Therefore, arginine, by the increasing NO in ciliated epithelial cells, may modulate the ciliary activity through a rise in cyclic guanosine monophosphate and prostaglandin E2 or via other as yet unknown mechanisms, leading to faster more coordinated ciliary beating and improved mucociliary clearance. Measurement of nasal NO may help to diagnose PCD. Our findings suggest that arginine may have a therapeutic role in PCD.