MT Method Research Articles

Study of thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors of twisted multi-filamentary superconducting strands and structures using incremental Mori-Tanaka method

An efficient estimation of the thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors of twisted multi-filamentary superconducting strands and structures is crucial for the superconducting conductor design and application. In this paper, an incremental Mori-Tanaka method is adopted to study the thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors of twisted multi-filamentary superconducting strands and structures. The mechanical behavior of copper matrix is described by nonlinear kinematic hardening plasticity and numerically realized using a midpoint algorithm. The effect of the twisted filament is considered by rotational transformation along the helical filament. The incremental Mori-Tanaka method is integrated into finite element simulation using the UMAT subroutine in ABAQUS. The applicability of the developed model is validated by comparing with direct numerical simulations. Then, the comparison with experimental results shows that the incremental MT method can characterize the experimental results effectively. The macroscopic mechanical behaviors of twisted multi-filamentary superconducting strands with different twist pitches are studied, and the thermal loading is considered. Finally, the idealized superconducting structure analysis is conducted to illustrate the application of the developed incremental MT method on a larger scale.

Ensemble Pruning of MT Method

Ensemble Pruning of MT Method

Estimation of sediment discharge using a tree-based model

ABSTRACT The model tree (MT) approach, a data mining technique used to analyse relationships between input and output variables in a disordered and large database, was adopted in this study to predict sediment discharge with field measurement data. The derived models were analysed for accuracy according to the goodness of fit based on training, testing, and modelling processes. When the flow velocity, depth, water surface slope, channel width, and median bed material were selected as the river’s system variables, the model results of sediment discharge resembled the measured values. The results demonstrate that developing and using the sediment discharge estimation with the MT constitutes the most effective method if long-term sediment data are of sufficient validity.

Evaluation of condition on replacing repaired concrete based on NDT and the Mahalanobis–Taguchi system

In Japan, much infrastructure has been constructed over the past 50 years, and maintenance of such infrastructure is important. Repairing and retrofitting of deteriorated concrete members has become a common place. Meanwhile, re-deterioration of repaired concrete members has become of concern. To prevent re-deterioration of the repaired concrete members, it is important to evaluate the quality and condition of repair, in addition to the use of NDE. Therefore, to evaluate the condition of replacing repaired concrete specimens, an ultrasonic test, impact-echo test, and impact test for measuring mechanical impedance were applied. In addition, data of these NDT are integrated by the Mahalanobis–Taguchi system (MT system). The MT system is an information processing system for pattern recognition advocated by quality engineering. From the results, it is clarified that the Mahalanobis distance calculated by the MT method could successfully evaluate the conditions of replacing repaired specimens.

Abnormal Signal Diagnostic Method by MT Method Considering Diagnostic Performance of Normal Condition During Bearing Rotation

Abnormal Signal Diagnostic Method by MT Method Considering Diagnostic Performance of Normal Condition During Bearing Rotation

UYKU BRUKSİZMİ OLAN MİYOFASYAL TEMPOROMANDİBULAR DİSFONKSİYON TANILI HASTALARDA MANUEL TEDAVİ İLE SPLİNT TEDAVİSİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of manual therapy on temporomandibular pain, range of motion, functionality level of the jaw, sleep quality, and patient satisfaction, and to compare the efficacy with splint therapy among female patients with myofascial temporomandibular dysfunction (M-TMD) accompanied by sleep bruxism (SB). Methods: A total of 29 female patients, aged 18-50 years, diagnosed with M-TMD were separated into two groups using a simple random sampling method as the manual therapy group (MT; n:15) and the splint therapy group (ST; n:14). All the patients were informed about bruxism and its effects and were given home exercises. The patients in the ST group were instructed to use a static splint for one month. The MT group patients received a total of 8 sessions, 45 minutes twice a week of treatment, including joint and soft tissue mobilizations to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and cervical region. Pain severity, symptoms, TMJ range of motion, jaw functionality, sleep quality, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. The evaluations were repeated after 4 weeks and compared with baseline values. Results: A statistically significant difference was determined in both groups in pain, TMJ range of motion, and sleep quality (p<0.05). In the comparison between the groups after treatment, the pain, TMJ range of motion values, and sleep quality were seen to be statistically significantly better in the MT group (p<0.05). The patient satisfaction measurements of mean general satisfaction, interpersonal attitude, mean healthcare services score, and general satisfaction total points were found to be statistically significant in the MT group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The applications of both MT and ST were seen to be effective in patients with M-TMD with bruxism. In the comparisons between the groups, the MT method was seen to be more effective than ST. It can be thought that the application of stabilization splint therapy together with manual therapy would significantly increase the treatment efficacy in patients with M-TMD.

Main characteristic parameters to describe driving patterns and construct driving cycles

• A database of trips was built by monitoring the regular operation of 15 diesel buses. • 1140 combinations of CPs were used as assessment parameters of representativeness. • The MT method was replicated 1000 times for each combination to observe tendencies. • Avg. speed, % idling time, and acceleration’s Std Dev were identified as the main CPs. • The use of these CPs in the MT method assures the representativeness of the DCs. At present, it is unknown which set of characteristic parameters (CP i ) should be used as assessment criteria in the micro-trips method to construct driving cycles that truly represent local driving patterns and reproduce the real energy consumption and tailpipe emissions of electric and engine-powered vehicles when they are tested on a chassis dynamometer . Using 1-Hz simultaneous measurements of energy consumption, speed, and emissions from the regular operation of a vehicle's fleet, we constructed driving cycles using 1140 different combinations of CP i as assessment parameters. We reproduced the process a thousand times for each combination and observed the tendency and the dispersion of the degree of representativeness of the resulting driving cycles. We concluded that mean speed, percentage of idling time, and the standard deviation of acceleration are the CP i that must be included in the micro-trips method.

Using MT data to find velocity traps in middle and shallow layers

In the complex piedmont oil and gas exploration, due to the large change of lithology in the middle and shallow strata, the vertical and horizontal changes of velocity in the middle and shallow strata are more intense. It is difficult to identify some strata with obvious changes in velocity on the seismic section, which leads to the inaccuracy of velocity model or obvious velocity trap in the seismic prestack depth migration processing. This will further cause the incorrect deep structure and target layer solution. MT method are mainly characterized by deep sounding depth, high sensitivity to high conductivity geological bodies in high resistivity layers. This makes it very effective to study the deep structures of basements and lithology distribution. We here analyze the technical advantages of MT method in tracing in middle and shallow layers by MT modeling geoelectric model of mountainous areas, and demonstrate that MT method can play an important role in oil and gas exploration in complex areas, especially in finding velocity traps for seismic processing by analyzing some cases.

Magnetotelluric multi-reference array data processing algorithm

Rational use of multiple remote reference data is an important way to improve the data quality of MT method. Based on the electromagnetic array data processing model, a data processing algorithm with multiple reference stations is proposed. Firstly, reference channels are selected from multiple remote stations to construct the natural field dominated reference data array; then the polarization parameters of natural sources are extracted from the reference data array by robust principal component analysis method; the parameters are then applied to the target array, which constructed by data from the stations to be processed, to estimate the target tensor impedances by robust estimation method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is discussed by comparing it with the robust least squares and conventional remote reference methods, using a case study in east China. The results show that the new scheme is an effective strategy by using the multiple reference channel data, which can improve the quality of MT data processing in noisy environment and provide a reasonable correction for MT “dead band” distortions.

TSMGWO: Optimizing Task Schedule Using Multi-Objectives Grey Wolf Optimizer for Cloud Data Centers

Cloud computing is considered to be the best solution for addressing the increasing computing requirements of high-performance applications. The efficient performance of the system requires optimal mapping of cloud tasks to resources. However, it is challenging to address computing and storage requirements of high-performance applications while achieving conflicting scheduling objectives like throughput, makespan, resource utilization. This work proposes a metaheuristic approach called task schedule using a multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (TSMGWO) to find near-optimal task scheduling solutions while handling conflicting objectives. The TSMGWO approach has been evaluated using three benchmark datasets, namely, GoCJ, HCSP and Synthetic dataset. The results are compared with heuristic FCFS and MT methods, and metaheuristic methods PSO, GA and WOA. The TSMGWO approach reduces makespan upto 67.52% over FCFS method, 60.93%, over PSO, 38.05% over GA, and 23.22% over WOA methods for 100 tasked cloud workload using GoCJ dataset. It reduces makespan upto 60.95% over FCFS method, 55.79% over MT method, 47.04% over PSO, 33.38% over GA and 19.91% over WOA method using synthetic dataset. Similarly, TSMGWO reduces makespan upto 27.03% over MT method, 18.95% over PSO, 11.90% over GA and 7.5% over WOA method using HSCP workload. The comparative analysis demonstrates that TSMGWO approach outperforms the earlier heuristic and metaheuristic methods using benchmark datasets in the cloud environment.

Application of the Movable Type Free Energy Method to the Caspase-Inhibitor BindingAffinity Study.

Many studies have provided evidence suggesting that caspases not only contribute to the neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but also play essential roles in promoting the underlying pathology of this disease. Studies regarding the caspase inhibition draw researchers’ attention through time due to its therapeutic value in the treatment of AD. In this work, we apply the “Movable Type” (MT) free energy method, a Monte Carlo sampling method extrapolating the binding free energy by simulating the partition functions for both free-state and bound-state protein and ligand configurations, to the caspase-inhibitor binding affinity study. Two test benchmarks are introduced to examine the robustness and sensitivity of the MT method concerning the caspase inhibition complexing. The first benchmark employs a large-scale test set including more than a hundred active inhibitors binding to caspase-3. The second benchmark includes several smaller test sets studying the relative binding free energy differences for minor structural changes at the caspase-inhibitor interaction interfaces. Calculation results show that the RMS errors for all test sets are below 1.5 kcal/mol compared to the experimental binding affinity values, demonstrating good performance in simulating the caspase-inhibitor complexing. For better understanding the protein-ligand interaction mechanism, we then take a closer look at the global minimum binding modes and free-state ligand conformations to study two pairs of caspase-inhibitor complexes with (1) different caspase targets binding to the same inhibitor, and (2) different polypeptide inhibitors targeting the same caspase target. By comparing the contact maps at the binding site of different complexes, we revealed how small structural changes affect the caspase-inhibitor interaction energies. Overall, this work provides a new free energy approach for studying the caspase inhibition, with structural insight revealed for both free-state and bound-state molecular configurations.

The Improved Division-Less MT-Type Velocity Estimation Algorithm for Low-Cost FPGAs

Advanced motion control applications require smooth and highly accurate high-bandwidth velocity feedback, which is usually provided by an incremental encoder. Furthermore, high sampling rates are also demanded in order to achieve cutting-edge system performance. Such control system performance with high accuracy can be achieved easily by FPGA-based controllers. On the other hand, the well-known MT method for velocity estimation has been well proven in practice. However, its complexity, which is related to the inherent arithmetic division involved in the calculus part of the method, prevents its holistic implementation as a single-chip solution on small-size low-cost FPGAs that are suitable for practical optimized control systems. In order to overcome this obstacle, we proposed a division-less MT-type algorithm that consumes only minimal FPGA resources, which makes it proper for modern cost-optimized FPGAs. In this paper, we present new results. The recursive discrete algorithm has been further optimized, in order to improve the accuracy of the velocity estimation. The novel algorithm has also been implemented on the experimental FPGA board, and validated by practical experiments. The enhanced algorithm design resulted in improved practical performance.

<b>Application of AdaBoost to Taguchi’s MT Method</b>

<b>Application of AdaBoost to Taguchi’s MT Method</b>

Artificial intelligence models for prediction of the aeration efficiency of the stepped weir

Stepped weir is a commonly used hydraulic structure in water treatment plants to enhance the air-water transfer of oxygen or nitrogen and volatile organic components. The flow regimes on stepped weir are classified into nappe, transition and skimming flow. This study presents the novel application of artificial intelligence methods to evaluate the aeration efficiency over stepped weir for the three flow regimes. Two methods were adopted in this study, namely, the evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) and the M5 model tree (M5 MT). A total of 151 laboratory experimental data sets were collected from the literature to train and test the artificial intelligence models. The Mallow's coefficient CP was used to determine the effective variables affecting aeration efficiency. It was found that weir steps number, slope, the flow Reynolds number, and the ratio of the critical flow depth to the step height are the most important variables providing the lowest Cp. Both the EPR and M5 MT methods provided satisfactory predictions for the aeration efficiency. The two methods have high values of correlation coefficient R> 0.93 and low values for the root mean square error RMSE< 0.052 and relative mean absolute error RMAE< 0.065. However, the EPR method has an advantage over the M5 MT method that it provides one equation for each regime, while the M5 MT method provides a number of equations for each regime. This will make the equations of the EPR method more attractive to the practitioners compared to the equations of the M5 MT method. It was found that the equations obtained from artificial intelligence methods in this study perform better than the currently existing equations in the litrature obtained from regressive methods.

Accurate FPGA-Based Velocity Measurement with an Incremental Encoder by a Fast Generalized Divisionless MT-Type Algorithm.

Velocity measurement by an incremental encoder is an important issue for advanced motion control applications such as robotics. In this paper, we deal with a kind of MT-type velocity estimation method. Though the conventional MT method is well known and has been well proven in practice, it requires execution of an arithmetic division operation that prevents an efficient implementation on low-cost FPGA-based control platforms. Thus, we propose a divisionless MT-type algorithm, which can provide a similar performance in velocity estimation accuracy as the conventional method, but requiring significantly less FPGA resources, since it implements only simple arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication, that can be implemented more easily on the processing hardware. Furthermore, the algorithm is fast in execution, thus, it provides the output in only a few clock cycles. Though the proposed algorithm can be described in a recursive form, the stability of the estimation process is not jeopardized, although it is an important issue in this case. Hence, the algorithm is introduced in a form which assures stability in a wide speed range. We show the implementation of the algorithm on the experimental FPGA platform. The experimental results validated the proposed divisionless MT-type algorithm fully for accurate velocity estimation.

In-process evaluation of culture errors using morphology-based image analysis.

IntroductionAdvancing industrial-scale manufacture of cells as therapeutic products is an example of the wide applications of regenerative medicine. However, one bottleneck in establishing stable and efficient cell manufacture is quality control. Owing to the lack of effective in-process measurement technology, analyzing the time-consuming and complex cell culture process that essentially determines cellular quality is difficult and only performed by manual microscopic observation. Our group has been applying advanced image-processing and machine-learning modeling techniques to construct prediction models that support quality evaluations during cell culture. In this study, as a model of errors during the cell culture process, intentional errors were compared to the standard culture and analyzed based only on the time-course morphological information of the cells.MethodsTwenty-one lots of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including both bone-marrow-derived MSCs and adipose-derived MSCs, were cultured under 5 conditions (one standard and 4 types of intentional errors, such as clear failure of handlings and machinery malfunctions). Using time-course microscopic images, cell morphological profiles were quantitatively measured and utilized for visualization and prediction modeling. For visualization, modified principal component analysis (PCA) was used. For prediction modeling, linear regression analysis and the MT method were applied.ResultsBy modified PCA visualization, the differences in cellular lots and culture conditions were illustrated as traits on a morphological transition line plot and found to be effective descriptors for discriminating the deviated samples in a real-time manner. In prediction modeling, both the cell growth rate and error condition discrimination showed high accuracy (>80%), which required only 2 days of culture. Moreover, we demonstrated the applicability of different concepts of machine learning using the MT method, which is effective for manufacture processes that mostly collect standard data but not a large amount of failure data.ConclusionsMorphological information that can be quantitatively acquired during cell culture has great potential as an in-process measurement tool for quality control in cell manufacturing processes.

The Role of the Active Site Flap in Streptavidin/Biotin Complex Formation.

Obtaining a detailed description of how active site flap motion affects substrate or ligand binding will advance structure-based drug design (SBDD) efforts on systems including the kinases, HSP90, HIV protease, ureases, etc. Through this understanding, we will be able to design better inhibitors and better proteins that have desired functions. Herein we address this issue by generating the relevant configurational states of a protein flap on the molecular energy landscape using an approach we call MTFlex-b and then following this with a procedure to estimate the free energy associated with the motion of the flap region. To illustrate our overall workflow, we explored the free energy changes in the streptavidin/biotin system upon introducing conformational flexibility in loop3-4 in the biotin unbound ( apo) and bound ( holo) state. The free energy surfaces were created using the Movable Type free energy method, and for further validation, we compared them to potential of mean force (PMF) generated free energy surfaces using MD simulations employing the FF99SBILDN and FF14SB force fields. We also estimated the free energy thermodynamic cycle using an ensemble of closed-like and open-like end states for the ligand unbound and bound states and estimated the binding free energy to be approximately -16.2 kcal/mol (experimental -18.3 kcal/mol). The good agreement between MTFlex-b in combination with the MT method with experiment and MD simulations supports the effectiveness of our strategy in obtaining unique insights into the motions in proteins that can then be used in a range of biological and biomedical applications.

アンサンブルMT法と薄型AEセンサの適用によるワイヤボンディングの接合状態推定

ワイヤボンディングでは，接合部の極近傍で弾性波を検出することで接合状態の診断ができると期待されている。われわれは過酷環境に耐え得るAlN薄膜圧電体を用いた薄型AEセンサを開発し，弾性波検出に成功した。このセンシング技術に併せ，簡便かつ強力なパターン認識手法として知られるMT法を適用し，状態診断を試みた。しかし，製造工程への導入を想定するとMT法は二つの実用上の問題を抱えている。1)小標本データでの大きな予測バイアス，2)単位空間の均質性確保である。本稿では，薄膜圧電体センシングとアンサンブル学習に基づくアンサンブルMT法を提案し，ベンチマークデータおよび実サンプルに対して手法の有用性を検証した。

Transient surface impedance (TranSIM) measurements using discrete lightning for electromagnetic mapping at audio frequencies

The paper describes the first field measurements using recently developed TranSIM instrumentation. The method is based on registering horizontal components of electric and magnetic field of distant lightning strokes (sferics). In fact it is an expansion of classical MT method in the VLF frequency range of 3 to 30 kHz thus providing information about conductivity distribution at the depths of approximately 50 to 300 meters. Measurements are conducted atop basalt body in the vicinity of Ipswich (Queensland) over 16 sites on 2 parallel profiles. From 20 to 50 sferics were registered at every site. Data was processed using short time Fourier transform obtaining spectrograms of electric and magnetic field. Apparent resistivity was calculated and frequency pseudo sections are presented. The apparent resistivity sections were matched with geological scheme of the site. Highly resistive zones correlate with high thickness of a basalt layer and conductive zones show where the underlying basalt sandstone is closest to the surface.

The application of Musical choice method in group of adolescents admitted in the institution of social care

The institutions of social care offer big number of different possibilities for application MT methods and employment for professional music therapists. This paper will present the application of Musical Choice Method (MCM), a new reductive MT method, which contributes to the quality of life, stimulates development, treatment, education, rehabilitation, adaptation and communication in the institutions of social care. It will be a described structure of MCM session and specific circumstances in application of MCM in this setting. The paper will present results of qualitative analysis of MCM application during 13 MCM group sessions in Shelter for Children, Belgrade. The group of adolescents was heterogeneous according to the nationality, age, gender and reasons for admission. The scale of social skills will present results in control of aggression, level of initiative, communication, collectivism and cooperation. The qualitative MCM analysis according to the projection level will present “MCM forms” based o...