Mozilla Foundation Research Articles

Mozilla in P’urhépecha: translators’ agency in a software translation project

In an effort to preserve and encourage the use of endangered languages, the last decade has witnessed the emergence of transnational projects funded by technology and software development companies such as Google and the Mozilla Foundation. Launched in 2012 by the Mozilla Foundation, the project ‘Native Mozilla’ is aimed at creating a more inclusive digital environment by developing web browsers and applications that will facilitate internet access and use to Latin American indigenous populations. A group of community users, translators, language teachers, developers, activists and other organizations have been particularly active in the translation of Firefox and Firefox Focus, Mozilla’s browsers for PC and Android, in 50 indigenous languages from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, and El Salvador. P’urhépecha is the main indigenous language of the state of Michoacán, Mexico. Spoken by nearly 120 000 speakers is considered as a threatened language. This article focuses on the translation project of Firefox Focus to P’urhépecha that took place from November 2014 to November 2018, and that involved the participation of P’urhépecha language and culture teachers, and students and alumni of the BA in Intercultural Language and Communication. In addition to describing the merits and shortcomings of the project, we will examine the translation and the training process. We will be arguing that the limited literacy in P’urphépecha shaped the role played by the working languages, thus influencing their translation choices and strategies.

Revisiting the Performance Evaluation of Automated Approaches for the Retrieval of Duplicate Issue Reports

Issue tracking systems (ITSs), such as Bugzilla, are commonly used to track reported bugs, improvements and change requests for a software project. To avoid wasting developer resources on previously-reported (i.e., duplicate) issues, it is necessary to identify such duplicates as soon as they are reported. Several automated approaches have been proposed for retrieving duplicate reports, i.e., identifying the duplicate of a new issue report in a list of $n$ candidates. These approaches rely on leveraging the textual, categorical, and contextual information in previously-reported issues to decide whether a newly-reported issue has previously been reported. In general, these approaches are evaluated using data that spans a relatively short period of time (i.e., the classical evaluation). However, in this paper, we show that the classical evaluation tends to overestimate the performance of automated approaches for retrieving duplicate issue reports. Instead, we propose a realistic evaluation using all the reports that are available in the ITS of a software project. We conduct experiments in which we evaluate two popular approaches for retrieving duplicate issues (BM25F and REP) using the classical and realistic evaluations. We find that for the issue tracking data of the Mozilla foundation, the Eclipse foundation and OpenOffice, the realistic evaluation shows that previously proposed approaches perform considerably lower than previously reported using the classical evaluation. As a result, we conclude that the reported performance of approaches for retrieving duplicate issue reports is significantly overestimated in literature. In order to improve the performance of the automated retrieval of duplicate issue reports, we propose to leverage the resolution field of issue reports. Our experiments show that a relative improvement in the performance of a median of 7-21.5 percent and a maximum of 19-60 percent can be achieved by leveraging the resolution field of issue reports for the automated retrieval of duplicates.

News Briefs

HanesBrands donates $2 million worth of clothing to hurricane relief efforts. Microsoft, Blackbaud partner on nonprofit software offerings. Smithfield Foundation awards $180,000 for hunger relief. Walmart and its foundation award nearly $4 million for workforce training. Ripple commits additional $25 million to education, financial inclusion. Mozilla Foundation, partners launch Responsible Computer Science Challenge. IKEA Foundation expands commitment to climate‐related programming. Discovery Education partners with Girl Scouts on STEM initiative.

Firefox OS 포렌식 기법에 관한 연구

ABSTRACT As the market share of smartphone exponentially increases in mo bile market, a number of manufacturers have developed their own operating system. Firefox OS is an open source operating sy stem for the smartphone and tablet which is being developed by the Mozilla Foundation. This OS is designed using JavaScript and operated based on HTML5. Even though the number of manufacturers which release the Firefox OS smartphone is consis tently increasing, However it is difficult to analyze artifacts in a smartphone in terms of investigation since existing researche s on Firefox OS focused on imaging velocity according to abstra ct forensic process and block size. In this paper, we propose how to collect data in Firefox OS whi le minimizing data loss and forensic analysis framework based on analysis results on system and user data leaving in a smartphone.Keywords: Forensics, Smartphone Forensics, Data Acquisition, Firefox OS, yaffs2, IndexedDB I.서 론 * 모바일 시장에서 스마트폰의 점유율이 기하급수적으로 높아짐에 따라 많은 제조사들은 자신들의 스마트폰 점유율을 높이기 위해 자체적으로 모바일용 운

From the Editors

From the Editors

Just-in-time value specialization

JavaScript emerges today as one of the most important programming languages for the development of client-side web applications. Therefore, it is essential that browsers be able to execute JavaScript programs efficiently. However, the dynamic nature of this programming language makes it very challenging to achieve this much needed efficiency. In this paper we propose parameter-based value specialization as a way to improve the quality of the code produced by JIT engines. We have empirically observed that almost 60% of the JavaScript functions found in the world's 100 most popular websites are called only once, or are called with the same parameters. Capitalizing on this observation, we adapt a number of classic compiler optimizations to specialize code based on the runtime values of function's actual parameters. We have implemented the techniques proposed in this paper in IonMonkey, an industrial quality JavaScript JIT compiler developed at the Mozilla Foundation. Our experiments, run across three popular JavaScript benchmarks, SunSpider, V8 and Kraken, show that, in spite of its highly speculative nature, our optimization pays for itself. As an example, we have been able to speed up V8 by 4.83%, and to reduce the size of its generated native code by 18.84%.

Speaking Personally—With Erin Knight

Erin Knight is the senior learning director at the Mozilla Foundation and co-creator of Mozilla's Open Badges Infrastructure. Erin is leading the effort at the Mozilla Foundation to support the dyn...

Mitchell Baker (English version)

César Córcoles interviews Mitchell Baker, who has been the general manager of the Mozilla project since 1999, helping shape the license under which Netscape's source code was released. As Chairman of the Mozilla Foundation, throughout this interview Mitchell continues her commitment to an open, innovative Web and the infinite possibilities it presents.

Implementing Safe Computer Practices

AORN JournalVolume 93, Issue 2 p. 276-281 Column Implementing Safe Computer Practices Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNA, Jennifer M. Brusco BS, CNASearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 February 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2010.11.005Citations: 1 Editor's notes: TopTenReviews is a trademark of TopTenReviews, Inc, Ogden, UT. BitDefender is a trademark of SOFTWIN SRL, Bucharest, Romania. Kapersky is a registered trademark of Kapersky Lab, Ltd, Woburn, MA. Webroot is a trademark of Webroot Software, Inc, Boulder, CO. Norton is a trademark of Symantec Corp, Mountain View, CA. ESET is a registered trademark and Nod32 is a trademark of ESET, LLC, San Diego, CA. AVG is a registered trademark of AVG Technologies, Brno, Czech Republic. G Data is a registered trademark of G Data Software, Bochum, Germany. Avira and AntiVir are registered trademarks of Avira GmbH, Tettnang, Germany. Vipre is a registered trademark of Sunbelt Software, Clearwater, FL. Trend Micro and Titanium are trademarks of Trend Micro, Inc, Cupertino, CA. Outlook, Windows, and Internet Explorer are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA. Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Santa Clara, CA. Adobe is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Inc, Seattle, WA. Yahoo! is a registered trademark of Yahoo! Inc, Sunnyvale, CA. Gmail is a trademark of Google, Inc, Mountain View, CA. Firefox is a registered trademark of Mozilla Foundation, Mountain View, CA. Publication of this article does not imply AORN endorsement of specific products. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume93, Issue2February 2011Pages 276-281 RelatedInformation

Showdown on the desktop

This paper describes some recent developments in the field of desktop PC software that could have a serious impact on Microsoft Corp.'s stronghold over the market. These include the increasing popularity of the Linux operating system, the introduction of the Mac Mini from Apple Computer Inc., and the growing market share of Firefox open-source browser from Mozilla Foundation.