Mount Lawu Research Articles

Identifikasi Potensi dalam Upaya Perencanaan Masterplan Desa Wisata Sumbersawit, Magetan, Jawa Timur

Sumbersawit Village is located on the slopes of Mount Lawu and has a natural panorama that can be a promising tourism potential. The village government has ideas for the development of village tourism, but until now it has not been able to develop well due to the lack of resources and the role of actors in the development of village tourism. The method used in this research is descriptive exploratory which aims to describe a phenomenon and describe chronologically the data and facts in the field. The data obtained is then processed using the triangulation method. This technique analyzes data from various data sources, including observation data, interviews, and secondary data. The use of this analysis technique aims to combine all data in order to produce a precise and comprehensive conclusion. The results of the research show that Sumbersawit Village has the potential of an agritourism village which is divided into 3 areas namely Growong, Sawit and Miri. The results of potential mapping can be used as a reference in the development of a tourist village master plan.

How Critical is Tourism Engagement in Determining Traveller Loyalty?

Objective: This research aims to determine the relationship between Emotional and Recreational Experience on Customer Engagement and the relationship between Customer Engagement on Destination Loyalty and satisfaction felt while traveling. Method: This research is survey research, with the sample research consisted two parts respondent's criteria, the first part included 180 respondents from the mountaineering community who had climbed Mount Lawu and Mount Merbabu, and the second part consisted of 180 respondents who had visited the Prambanan Temple and Borobudur Temple tourist attractions. Primary data collection in this research was carried out using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique in this research uses the multivariate Structural Equation Model (SEM) method with the Smart PLS3 program Results and Discussion: From the model, five significant hypothesized paths are the influence of emotional experiences on customer engagement, the influence of recreational experiences on customer engagement, the influence of between customer engagement on destination loyalty through, and the influence of customer engagement on destination loyalty. The results of further analysis of the role of satisfaction on destination loyalty show that higher tourist satisfaction leads to higher destination loyalty, which encourages tourists to revisit the destination and recommend the destination to others. Conclussion: This research concludes that emotional and recreational experiences can increase customer engagement with tourists who visit tourist destinations.

Geothermal potential area analysis using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and digital elevation model images (case study: Lawu Mount, Central Java)

Mount Lawu is one of the volcanoes in Central Java Province with hidden geothermal potential. This research aims to identify geothermal potential areas, especially hydrothermal alteration areas, using Landsat 8 imagery in Mount Lawu, Central Java. Hydrothermal alteration serves as a crucial indicator in the exploration of geothermal potential in an area. Multispectral image processing methods of Landsat 8 are employed to map the distribution patterns of hydrothermal alterations in the study area, together with the anomaly of temperature and heatflux in the surface. This approach involves principal component analysis and spectral alteration indications that combine information from various image channels. Lithology and lineament density analysis strengthen the delineation and analysis of the geothermal potential area. The western-northwestern part of Mount Lawu is the most potential region for geothermal resources based on the distribution of hydrothermal alteration areas and the high density of faulted regions, which are also supported by geothermal manifestations such as hotspring sites in the area.

Developed biofilm-based biofertilizer as a bioremediation agent for agroecosystem and environment contaminated with Cr (VI)

Biofilm are microbial community that attaches to one substrate and another through EPS. Functional microbes in biofilm can be used as a biofertilizer which increase plant growth by providing nutrients and plant resistance to pathogens due to agricultural environmental degradation. Beside being a biofertilizer, biofilm can be developed as a bioremediation agent. Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is a heavy metal that is widely used in the leather tanning, pharmaceutical and metallurgical industries, so it is easily found in irrigation and causes agricultural land pollution. Chrome can be toxic to microorganisms, plants, animals and humans, because it is carcinogenic, causes ecosystem damage and has a negative impact on human health. Various techniques are used to remediate Cr (VI), one method that can be used is bioremediation by exploiting the potential of bacteri or fungi incorporated in the biofilm. In this study, the biofilm consisted of bacterial and fungi (BFBF) that were found on the western slopes of Mount Lawu. The Cr (VI) reduction test was carried out at concentrations of 5 and 50 mg L−1. The results showed that the biofilm was able to reduce Cr (VI) up to 1.19 mg L−1within 6 hours.

Community adaptive capacity in facing landslide disaster

Tawangmangu District is located on the slopes of Mount Lawu, with most of its area being at an altitude of +- 1200m above sea level. Tawangmangu District has an uneven slope, and the eastern region has a +- 40% slope. This resulted in the area in Tawangmangu District frequently experiencing landslides. Data from the Karanganyar Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) for 2022 shows more than 11 landslides. The resulting impacts are different but certainly result in morphological changes in the Tawangmangu District according to the type of landslide that occurred. Living in areas with a high risk of landslides is challenging for the community, so people must adapt to a vulnerable environment. This study aims to analyze the adaptive capacity of the community against landslides. The study area covers ten villages in the Tawangmangu District. The study area covers seven villages. The evaluation uses a quantitative descriptive method based on human, social, natural, physical, and financial factors. The results obtained show that there are variations in the adaptive capacity of the community, which depend on the intensity of exposure.

Landslide risk reduction for sustainable land use direction in Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency year 2023

Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency has an area of 7,002.94 Ha consisting of 10 villages. Topographically located on the western slope of Mount Lawu with a predominantly steep slope, which has an altitude between 655 m and 3,265 meters above sea level. The development of agribusiness-oriented dryland agriculture, natural tourism destinations, and the establishment of residential buildings that increasingly provide job and business opportunities so that there is an increase in government income and surrounding communities. This condition impacts population pressure on land, so the risk of landslides is thought to be higher. Areas prone to landslides are in the central part of Bandardawung Village, Along Village in the west and central regions, Plumbon Village in the middle and east, and Tengklik Village in the west. The study’s purpose, located in Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency, is to determine the reduction of landslide risk for sustainable land use. Descriptive quantitative research methods include determining area function, vulnerability, vulnerability, and landslide risk using scoring and weighting of observation data. The results of the research show that villages that have a high risk of landslides are areas that have a high risk of landslides, namely Blumbang Village, Kalisoro Village, and Tawangmangu Village.

Drone application for landslide hazard assessment on the Western Flank of Lawu Volcano, Central Java, Indonesia

Remote sensing technology advancements have opened novel possibilities for precise and effective landslide investigation. Because both regions have rocky topography, this study will employ unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones to examine landslide activity on the west side of Mount Lawu, namely in Nglelaka Hamlet, Segorogunung Village, Ngargoyoso District and Guyon Hamlet, Tengklik Village, Tawangmangu District. Landslides are caused by the rocks and their geological conditions. As a result, extensive monitoring is essential to ensure that mitigation activities are carried out exactly. The spatial and descriptive analysis strategy was employed in this study. Data collecting methods used included landslide censuses and field surveys. A Geographic Information System was then used to process the data. According to the research findings, the landslide in Nglelaka Hamlet was of the translational kind, but the landslide in Guyon Hamlet was of the termite type. The findings of this study helped us better understand the dynamics of landslides in diverse locations, particularly in difficult-to-reach areas, and demonstrate how beneficial UAVs can be in gathering data for disaster management and community resilience. Drones for landslide studies offer valuable information to local governments and stakeholders, allowing them to develop preventative measures and emergency response plans, lowering the impact of landslides on residents and infrastructure.

FLOOD HAZARD MAPPING BASED ON MULTI-CRITERIA SPATIAL ANALYSIS IN THE SAMIN WATERSHED, INDONESIA

<span>The Samin watershed which is located in the Mount Lawu area is vulnerable to flood disasters due to human activities. This research was carried out by inventorying parameter data to create a flood disaster vulnerability map using a GIS-based multi-criteria spatial approach. The seven parameters used in flood disaster analysis are Elevation, Slope, Distance from River, Drainage density, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Landuse, Rainfall, Type of Soil, Geology. The weight of each parameter is determined using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which has the driving factors for flood disasters. The flood hazard map was obtained using a weighted overlay method and grouped into five classes, namely very low, low, medium, high and very high. The results of the analysis show that 11.36% of the study area has a very low hazard, 27.10% has a low hazard, 39.57% has a medium hazard, 20.43% has a high hazard and 1.54% has a very high hazard.</span>

Three-dimensional magnetotelluric and gravimetric imaging of Mount Lawu geothermal prospect area, Indonesia

Mount Lawu is a stratovolcano located on the border of Central Java and East Java Provinces in Indonesia. At least eleven manifestations indicate its geothermal potential in the form of hot water and fumaroles. This study aims to describe a geothermal system based on an integrated analysis of magnetotelluric (MT) and satellite gravity data. Some additional geochemical and petrological data analyses were also used to explain the existing hydrothermal system in this area. It is inferred from the gravity derivative analysis that fault structures exist in a location with high permeability, which acts as a controlling structure for geothermal manifestations. The 3-D resistivity inversion was carried out using MT full-impedance tensor data, while the 3-D density model was reconstructed based on the residual anomaly computed from the topography-free gravity disturbance. The 3-D resistivity model, from magnetotelluric inversion, shows a clay cap distribution, corresponds to a low resistivity anomaly, centered at the southern part of the mountain peak with a thickness of about 1 kilometer, which narrows to the western region where the hot spring shows an outflow manifestation. The gravity inversion shows several low-density bodies in the same location as the low-resistivity anomaly attributed to a clay cap. Coincident resistivity and density anomalies constrain the horizontal location of the geothermal reservoir. Despite the incapability of the model to resolve the body of the geothermal heat source, it can be inferred from the inversion results that the heat possibly emanates through the thermal conduction passage below the reservoir zone from the source located deeper down than the reconstructed models.

Geothermal potential analysis using 3d modeling of subsurface structures based on the Gravity Anomaly in the Mount Lawu area, Central Java

Over time, energy needs will continue to increase. Dependence on the use of fossil energy results in the availability of such energy will run out at any time, so it is necessary to develop research on geothermal energy that is environmentally friendly and renewable. One of the Geothermal Work areas is on Mount Lawu, located at coordinates between 111°15' east longitude and 7°30' south latitude in several districts Central Java Province and East Java Province. The purpose of this study is to provide information related to geothermal potential using the gravity method by knowing the temperature of the area and the 3D modeling of subsurface structures. Based on the results of the Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) analysis, three normal faults were found in geothermal sources. The modeling results show that the residual anomaly map depicts a distribution of high anomalies ranging between 2 mGal up to 6.5 mGal scattered from North to South and East to West, suspected to be caused by lava rock intrusion. The results of the 3D inversion model show there are three layers, namely clay rock, which is suspected to be cap rock at a depth of 500 - 2500 m, pyroclastic lava rock, which is suspected to be as a reservoir at a depth of 3000 - 4500 m, and lava, which is suspected to be as a reservoir heat source at a depth of 5000 - 8000 m. Based on the map in Land Surface Temperature (LST) obtained the temperature value of Mount Lawu ranging from 3.14 °C - to 23.25 °C.

Groundwater occurrence and its physicochemical properties on the northern slope of Mount Lawu, Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia

The exploitation of groundwater on the northern slope of Mount Lawu, Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia is increasing due to agricultural use. To maintain the existence and sustainability of groundwater, the first step is to know the groundwater occurrence in the area. The objective of this study is to analyze the groundwater occurrence in the study area, the groundwater flow pattern, and the physicochemical properties of groundwater such as pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Electrical Conductivity (EC). The research methodology involved field hydrogeological observation and analysis of data processing using the Geographic Information System (GIS). Hydrogeological observation activities involve direct observation and measurement of 4 springs, 14 deep wells, and 42 dug wells located on the northern slope of Mount Lawu. The result of this research indicates that in both shallow and deep groundwater, the pattern and groundwater flow direction are from south to north and then parallel to the flow of the Bengawan Solo River. The physicochemical characteristics of the deep well water show similarities to those of the dug well water. Based on the findings, the groundwater system in the research area can be presumably developed by only a single groundwater system or two interconnected groundwater systems.

Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium (Blume) Miq) Conservation Education Based on Local Wisdom for Communities in the Slopes of Mount Lawu, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java

Kompleks Gunung Lawu, Jawa Tengah, mempunyai hutan dengan luas sekitar ± 24.187,5 Ha. Gunung Lawu memiliki keanekaragaman vegetasi yang sangat beragam, salah satunya adalah Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaufolium (Blume) Miq.). Masyarakat di kawasan Gunung Lawu perlu diberikan edukasi tentang konservasi cantigi. Hal ini penting dilakukan agar keberadaan cantigi sebagai tumbuhan asli dan endemik kawasan Gunung Lawu dapat dipertahankan kelestariannya. Luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pengetahuan masyarakat tentang konservasi cantigi. Berdasarkan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat diketahui bahwa secara umum masyarakat telah mengetahui tumbuhan Cantigi dan memiliki pengetahuan konservasi Cantigi. Upaya konservasi Cantigi perlu disebarluaskan ke masyarakat sekitar Gunung Lawu agar kelestarian Cantigi dapat terjaga.

The fall of volcanic material from Mount Lawu, Central Java: a case study of magnetic susceptibility

Mount Lawu was recorded to have erupted last on November 28, 1885, releasing volcanic material including magnetic minerals. The material settles in various places carried by the wind and river flow. The movement of wind and river flow is very influential in the process of transporting volcanic material. Large material directly falls around the mountain, usually in the form of large rocks, and undergoes physical and chemical weathering. Small-sized materials such as volcanic ash and small-mass rocks will be carried by the wind and river flows in all directions. However, the displacement does not remove the magnetic minerals contained in it. Magnetic minerals can be evaluated by the method of rock magnetism using MS. Bartington MS2 device with a dependent MS2B sensor by mass. From this tool, the low field susceptibility values in the range of 1467.5 x 10−8 m3/Kg – 5262.1 x 10−8 m3/Kg and high field susceptibility in the range of 1467,1 x 10−8 m3/Kg. The volcanic material of Mount Lawu belongs to the Ilmenite (FeTiO3) group and belongs to the group of weak magnetism. Then further review the frequency-dependent susceptibility (%) to see the magnetic domains contained in the sample. From the magnetic susceptibility data, the percentage of frequency-dependent susceptibility (%) is less than 2%. From these data, the sample is not included in the superparamagnetic (SP) and in general the sample is classified as a multidomain item (MD).

Identification of Mountain Waves and Their Characteristics in the Central Java Region based on the WRF Numerical Weather Model

One of the factors that influence the complexity of the weather and climate phenomena in Indonesia is the diverse topographical conditions. The Mountain waves are quite common in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, which has several mountains with quite high peaks. The existence of mountain waves can be known from the presence of lenticularis clouds both on top of the mountain are regularly reported by residents in the area of Mount Ungaran and Mount Lawu in Centra Java. This study utilized the Weather Reasearch Forecast (WRF), a numerical weather model to identify mountain waves and their characteristics in Mount Ungaran and Mount Lawu. The results of the study are that there were 2 mountain wave events in Mount Ungaran on 9 September 2018 with an average duration of 5 h, and horizontal wavelengths reaches 28 km. During that mountain wave events, there was also a type 1 rotor with dominant positive vorticity and a breaking pattern that indicates the potential for strong turbulence which is supported by critical Ri value at a distance of 30 - 90 m on the leeward side. Meanwhile, in Mount Lawu case on 9 March 2019, the mountain wave onset occurs during the day is in the afternoon, its duration is 2 h, wavelengths ranging from 5.9 to 6.1 km, where in the leeward side has no strong turbulence potential. In general, WRF can simulate both mountain waves and rotors, but has not been able to properly simulate the downslope windstorms. HIGHLIGHTS There were 2 mountain wave events that occurred at Mount Ungaran on 9 September 2018. The classification of mountain waves obtained from on cross section analysis of vertical wind speed around the mountain is vertically propagating wave The type of rotor formed at Mount Ungaran is a type 1 rotor a type 1 rotor with a dominant positive vorticity value In Mount Lawu case on 9 March 2019, the onset of waves occurred during the day and then dissipated in the afternoon with wavelengths ranging from 5.9 to 6.1 km In Mount Lawu case, on the leeward side of the mountain, there was no potential for turbulence at that location WRF can simulate mountain waves and rotors well, but can't simulate well the downslope windstorm on Mount Ungaran GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Identification pyroclastic flow of magnetic minerals (Holocene volcano): A case study of paleo-volcano Lawu on the south side, Central Java, Indonesia

Indonesia is surrounded by three tectonic plates: the Eurasian, Indo−Australian, and Pacific plates. The plates have caused Indonesia to have many volcanoes, both active and inactive, resting, or no longer active. One of the volcanoes belonging to the formed “Rest” category is the ancient Lawu volcano. The mountain is 10,000 radiocarbon years old or approximately 11,430 ​± ​130 calendar years ago, which is part of the Holocene age. The Lawu volcano erupted on November 28, 1885. This paper discusses the study of magnetic minerals in the case of pyroclastic flows originating from Mount Lawu. The values obtained in magnetic susceptibility are 47.53 ​× ​10−6 ​m3/kg to 79.41 ​× ​10−6 ​m3/kg. The results of this susceptibility measurement indicate the presence of igneous rocks resulting from pyroclastic flow. Furthermore, the vibrating sample magnetometer test showed an S−type (ferromagnetic) hysteresis curve, and the value of Mr/Ms (remanence ratio) define was below 0.5, which realized a multi-domain configuration. This ferromagnetic characteristic is attributed to the iron-based mineral (10.4%–17.1%) from the evaluation of X−Ray Fluorescence. The magnetite mineral confirmed in the X-Ray Diffractometer test is the largest source of magnetism in the sample.

Growth and Yield of Intercropping between Carica (Carica pubescens) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) and Leeks (Allium fistulosum L.)

Carica pubescens needs a climate and edapic environment similar to that of its native Dieng plains in order to thrive. Due to these circumstances, measures must be taken to facilitate its diffusion. Another option is transplanting to regions with nearly identical edaphic and climatic characteristics. The growth of C. pubescens planted in monoculture and intercropping, as well as the degree of crop competition in intercropping and the effectiveness of the land used, the slopes of Mount Lawu are advised for transplant. The study's planting treatments were as follows: (1) C. pubescens monoculture; (2) Sweet Potato Monoculture; (3) C. pubescens and Sweet Potato Combination; (4) Leek Monoculture; and (5) C. pubescens and Scallions Combination. The study was set up in a randomized block design (RBD) with five replications. The ANOVA analysis of the growth characteristics, which comprised planting height, leaf area, and the number of leaves, was then proceeded using Duncan's test at the 5% level. Utilize the competition ratio (CR) formula to determine plant competition and the land equivalent ratio (LER) formula to determine productivity. The number of leaves parameter in the C. pubescens and sweet potato combination indicated a significant difference in the results. When grown alongside sweet potatoes, C. pubescens tends to be less competitive, with plant height values of 0.86: 1.27, 0.83: 1.72 for leaves, and 0.94: 1.10 for leaf area. The intercropping system is more lucrative with a value of plant height: 1.84, number of leaves: 1.89, and leaf area: 1.99 compared to plant height: 2, number of leaves: 2, and leaf area: 2, 25.

Analysis of the Distribution of Health Workers and Health Facilities in Karanganyar Regency in 2022

Health, as one of the pillars of a nation's development, has an important role. This is in line with the understanding of the World Health Organization that there are 12 public health indicators as proxies for health indicators in the Sustainable Development Goals. However, in Karanganyar Regency, the typography is located on the slopes of Mount Lawu, and most of them are rural areas, resulting in an uneven distribution of health workers and health service facilities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the distribution of health workers in Karanganyar Regency so that it can be a concern in formulating policies regarding the distribution of health workers in urban and rural areas. This study uses secondary data collected from the 2022 Karanganyar Regency Health Human Resource Information System data and the 2022 Karanganyar Regency Health Office Health Profile data. From the analysis results, it is known that the ideal distribution of health workers in Karanganyar Regency is based on the national ratio and is still concentrated around the district government and areas close to urban areas.

Kampung Susu Lawu on the slopes of Mount Lawu as a tourist destination

This study aims to analyze the potential attractiveness of tourist destinations and the obstacles faced in developing the tourism potential of Kampung Susu Lawu on the slopes of Mount Lawu, Magetan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. It uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection techniques were carried out by triangulation, with inductive data analysis using more than one data acquisition method. The results of the study show that the tourist destination of Kampung Susu Lawu (KSL or Lawu Milk Village), actually has a potential attraction that can be enjoyed by tourists which includes nature, culture, and man-made. Land management permits are expected to increase the welfare of tourism workers, open up job opportunities, provide a source of income for families, increase the variety of jobs, and increase knowledge in tourism business management.

Prehistoric Rain Cookies: Geological-Inspired Culinary Creation Promoting Local Socio-Cultural and Economic Empowerment


 
 
 
 
 
 This scientific article presents the development and implementation of a community engagement project centered around the creation of "Prehistoric Rain Cookies." The project was undertaken in Desa Lempong, Kecamatan Jenawi, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, situated in the vicinity of Mount Lawu, Indonesia. The primary goals of the project were twofold: first, to incorporate geological inspiration from ancient volcanic rock formations into culinary art, specifically in the form of unique cookies; and second, to foster geotourism combined with ecotourism as a means of empowering the local community socially, culturally, and economically. Through a series of direct interviews with the Lempong community, the most sought-after products by tourists visiting Mount Lawu were identified. Subsequently, the selected product, "Prehistoric Rain Cookies," was developed to resemble the accretionary lapilli rock formations found in the area. The cookies were packaged in two distinct shapes to resemble the original rock formations further. Legal procedures were followed, including copyright registration, to ensure the protection of the cookie creation. The project concluded with the handover of the cookies to the Lempong Village authorities, aiming to inspire local innovation, enhance cultural and economic growth through ecotourism, and serve as a geological educational tool for visitors to Mount Lawu. The implications of this project highlight the potential for incorporating scientific research findings into culinary creations to promote local empowerment and stimulate geotourism initiatives.
 Highlight:
 
 Geological-inspired culinary art: The creation of "Cookies Hujan Purba" embodies the desire to incorporate inspiration from natural rock formations into culinary creations, showcasing the fusion of geology and gastronomy.
 Geotourism and ecotourism synergy: The project aims to promote geotourism and ecotourism in the Lempong Village, offering educational experiences to visitors while supporting socio-cultural and economic empowerment within the local community.
 Socio-cultural and economic empowerment: By developing and marketing the Prehistoric Rain Cookies, the project seeks to empower the local community socially and economically, fostering pride in their cultural heritage and creating opportunities for sustainable growth.
 
 Keyword:
 Lawu Ancient Rain Cookies, Geological-Inspired Culinary Creation, Geotourism, Socio-Cultural Empowerment, Local Economic Development
 
 
 
 
 

Prehistoric Rain Cookies: Geological-Inspired Culinary Creation Promoting Local Socio-Cultural and Economic Empowerment

Prehistoric Rain Cookies: Geological-Inspired Culinary Creation Promoting Local Socio-Cultural and Economic Empowerment