Motorbike Ownership Research Articles

Analisis Perilaku Persepsi Pengendara Sepeda Motor Terhadap Keselamatan Berkendara

People need a mode of transportation to facilitate daily activities, one of the modes of transportation in Aceh is the increase in motorbike ownership. The increase in motorbike ownership is not matched by increased awareness of traffic safety by road users, which will certainly have an impact on increasing the number of accidents. WHO (2018) reports the number of deaths based on road users in Indonesia, 74% of deaths were contributed by motorcyclists. This research aims to identify personal characteristics and unsafe driving behavior on the traffic safety of motorbike users. Research data was collected in Banda Aceh and parts of greater Aceh using the Driving Behavior Inventory (DBI) instrument through an online survey questionnaire approach "self-reporting driving behaviors". The results of research on socio-demographics using cross tabulation show that men aged 20-29 years have more than 6 years of experience with the highest score of having experienced a traffic accident. Perception of the respondent variable Violation (V) on the indicator "driving very close to another vehicle in front" which has the lowest value of 2.91, variable Error (E) on the indicator "maneuvering without turning on the turn signal" which has the second lowest value of 2 .98, variable Driving Safety (DS) in the indicator that has the highest scale value is "be careful in accident-prone places" of 3.66.

Health shocks and rural farmers credit access shifts in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Kwahu Afram Plains South District, Ghana

In the extensive literature, farmers' credit access in SSA has been examined, albeit with limited evidence derived from health-related shocks (e.g. pandemics). While the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) "COVID-19″pandemic has exacerbated rural communities' economic downturn and financial challenges, there is still scant evidence on how this lethargy shaped farmers' credit access. Through 105 semi-structured household interviews and 10 key informant interviews in the Kwahu Afram Plains South District of Ghana, this research explores the variations and determinants of agricultural credit access in rural communities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, using Analysis of Variance "ANOVA" and logistic regression. The findings revealed that while marital status, organizational membership and the size of household labour accounted for significant variations in agricultural credit access before the pandemic, variations during the pandemic were explained by income status, gender, and household labour. Furthermore, shifts in the determinants of agricultural credit access during the pandemic were reported as household labour size, marital status, and the interaction of motorbike ownership and organizational membership, which played crucial roles in predicting the likelihood of credit access before the pandemic. Conversely, during the pandemic, gender, savings, household labour size and livestock ownership significantly determined agricultural credit access in rural communities. Based on these empirical insights, the paper advocates that savings should be encouraged and social capital should be strengthened as pandemic resilience mechanisms. At the same time, policies and programs to improve agricultural credit access during health-related shocks should target vulnerable groups. This study contributes to the theoretical debate on rural farmers' credit access determinants, emphasizing the COVID-19 pandemic as a health shock.

ANALYSIS OF MOTORCYCLE TRAFFIC ACCIDENT BASED ON THE RIDERS’ CHARACTERISTICS IN KUPANG, EAST NUSA TENGGARA

Awareness about driving safety is still lacking among motorcycle users. As the provincial capital of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Kupang city accounts for the largest number of accidents in NTT with 70% of the total accidents involving motorcycles. It is important to measure the extent to which riding characteristics affects and causes road accidents since humans as the riders are the main factor in traffic accidents. A questionnaire was distributed to the motorcyclists. The data collected from 212 respondents was analysed with the multivariate logistic regression method. The analysis result states that the motorcycle mileage and the motorbike ownership hold the most influence on the incidence of motorcycle road accidents, where the further the motorcycle riders travel, the higher the probability of them to get involved in a road accident. Meanwhile the more units of motorcycle owned, the lower the probability of them to get involved in a road accident.

The neglected epidemic-Risk factors associated with road traffic injuries in Mozambique: Results of the 2016 INCOMAS study.

In 2019, 93% of road traffic injury related mortality occurred in low- and middle-income countries, an estimated burden of 1.3 million deaths. This problem is growing; by 2030 road traffic injury will the seventh leading cause of death globally. This study both explores factors associated with RTIs in the central region of Mozambique, as well as pinpoints geographical "hotspots" of RTI incidence. A cross-sectional, population-level survey was carried out in two provinces (Sofala and Manica) of central Mozambique where, in addition to other variables, the number of road traffic injuries sustained by the household within the previous six months, was collected. Urbanicity, household ownership of a car or motorcycle, and socio-economic strata index were included in the analysis. We calculated the prevalence rate ratios using a generalized linear regression with a Poisson distribution, as well as the spatial prevalence rate ratio using an Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. The survey included 3,038 households, with a mean of 6.29 (SD 0.06) individuals per household. The road traffic injury rate was 6.1% [95%CI 7.1%, 5.3%]. Urban residence was associated with a 47% decrease in rate of injury. Household motorbike ownership was associated with a 92% increase in the reported rate of road traffic injury. Higher socio-economic status households were associated with a 26% increase in the rate of road traffic injury. The rural and peri-urban areas near the "Beira corridor" (national road N6) have higher rates of road traffic injuries. In Mozambique, living in the rural areas near the "Beira corridor", higher household socio-economic strata, and motorbike ownership are risk factors for road traffic injury.

Public transport versus solo travel mode choices during the COVID-19 pandemic: Self-reported evidence from a developing country

A sharp decline in public transport use has been reported worldwide since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the virus spreads through close contacts, particularly in closed environments, public transport vehicles could be considered as hotspots for its transmission. However, public transport operations cannot be entirely stopped as many people in developing countries rely on them for their travel needs. This study aims to provide insights into people's travel mode choices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data, i.e., 1,516 complete survey responses, were obtained through a questionnaire that was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan. A binary logistic model was developed using the collected data to model the likelihood of choosing solo or public transport modes during COVID-19. The results explained that the respondents preferred solo modes more than the public transport modes during the pandemic. Gender, income, education, profession, trip frequency, car ownership, motorbike ownership, and an underlying factor that was defined as “safety precautions” were found to be significant predictors of the public transport choice relative to solo modes. Females tend to choose public transport modes relative to solo modes as compared to males. Private vehicle (car or motorbike) owners were less likely to use public modes relative to solo modes when compared to those who do not own private vehicles. The outcomes of this study could be important for the government authorities, policymakers, and transport operators to understand the public transport use in developing countries during pandemics. Such information will be useful to devise regulations and preventive measures to control infectious diseases associated with public transport use, particularly in developing countries, where private transport options are limited.

Averting expenditure on malaria: effects on labour productivity of maize farmers in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District of Ghana

BackgroundMalaria has been one of the commonest diseases during farming season, which affects farmers’ health resulting in a reduction in the number of days spent on the farm. As a result, farmers are regularly trying to avert malaria infection through preventive measures. Motivated by this argument, this study sought to determine the effects of malaria averting expenditure on labour productivity of maize farmers in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District in the Northern Region of Ghana.MethodsA cross-sectional primary data was collected from 194 maize farmers. Both descriptive and quantitative data analysis approaches were employed. Conditional mixed process was used to estimate the effects of malaria prevention expenditure on maize farmers’ labour productivity.ResultsThe study revealed that maize farmers incurred an average expenditure of GHc284.6 to prevent malaria annually. The result shows that factors that affect maize farmers’ malaria prevention expenditure include off-farm income, household size, presence of bushes around houses, presence of pregnant women and number of household members in school. Meanwhile, quantity of fertilizer, seed, weedicides, farming experience, age, ownership of motorbike and averting expenditure are significant determinants of maize labour productivity. The study revealed that farmers who spend more money to avert malaria attack are more labour productive.ConclusionsTherefore, this study recommends that Ministry of Health and Ministry of Food and Agriculture should collaborate and integrate health extension service on malaria in agricultural extension to educate farmers on the need to avert malaria. Farmers should be educated on malaria preventive strategies, such as clearing of bushes around houses, draining of stagnant water, sleeping in treated mosquito nets among others. Lastly, aside distribution of free mosquito nets to pregnant women, they should be subsidized and made available to all farmers for malaria prevention.

INTERPRETASI KEPERCAYAAN DEBITUR KKM CENTRAL SANTOSA FINANCE CABANG SURABAYA

The purpose of this study is to analyze and interpret the effect of perceived quality and perceived value on consumer satisfaction and loyalty. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique with the sample consisting of 67 debtors of motorbike ownership credit at the Central Santosa Finance Surabaya. The research data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The results showed that perceived quality had a significant positive effect on loyalty through satisfaction, and perceived value had a significant positive effect on loyalty, both directly and indirectly through satisfaction. However, perceived quality did not have a direct effect on loyalty. These results implied that the company should continuously improve its service quality to maintain customer trust, satisfaction, and loyalty.
 Keywords: loyalty, perceived quality, perceived value, satisfaction.

Potential factors associated with clinical stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at diagnosis: a case\u2013control study

BackgroundIn China, most patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are diagnosed at a late stage and consequently have a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate potential factors associated with the clinical stage of NPC at diagnosis.MethodsData were obtained from 118 patients with early-stage NPC and 274 with late-stage NPC who were treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between August 2014 and July 2015. Patients were individually matched by age, sex, and residence, and a conditional logistic regression model was applied to assess the associations of clinical stage at diagnosis with socioeconomic status indicators, knowledge of NPC, physical examinations, patient interval, and risk factors for NPC.ResultsAlthough knowledge of early NPC symptoms, smoking cessation, and patient interval were important factors, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, motorbike ownership, and physical examination exhibited the strongest associations with the clinical stage of NPC at diagnosis. Compared with smoking fewer than ten cigarettes a day, smoking 10–30 cigarettes [odds ratio (OR) 4.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–14.68] or more than 30 cigarettes (OR 11.46; 95% CI 1.26–103.91) was associated with an increased risk of late diagnosis. Compared with not owning a motorbike, owning a motorbike (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.23–0.64) was associated with early diagnosis. Subjects who underwent physical examinations were less likely to receive a late diagnosis than those who did not undergo examinations (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.28–0.89). However, indicators of wealth were not significant factors.ConclusionsInitiatives to improve NPC patient prognosis should aim to promote knowledge about early symptoms and detection, health awareness, and accessibility to health facilities among all patients, regardless of socioeconomic status.

City of Motorcycles. On how objective and subjective factors are behind the rise of two-wheeled mobility in Barcelona

In the past ten years, the number of motorbikes in Barcelona, Spain has grown to represent nearly one out of four vehicles in the city, making it now the highest two-wheeled motorisation rate of all European cities. In this study we explore the motorcycle phenomenon from a threefold perspective, following the temporal trend of this growth, seeking the sociodemographic profiles of its users, and assessing their subjective motivations that explain the use of this specific mode of transport. We first measure the impact of motorcycles along a 2004–2012 timeline that covers both pre- and post-crisis data. Secondly, logistic and multinomial regression models are implemented to analyse the drivers and significant predictors of motorbike ownership and modal choice. Finally, we compare how motorcyclists and car drivers rated their main use of transport and how they evaluated the inherent risk of riding and driving, respectively. The results highlight the importance of motorized two-wheeled modes of transport in everyday mobility and also emphasize the role of the affordability factor to help understand the rise of this kind of transport, even in times of economic crisis. Overall. motorcycle use is explained by a set of objective and subjective factors that are seeking to resolve specific and unique transportation needs, and that are not equal to those of car drivers.

Food Accessibility and Perceptions of Shopping Difficulty among Elderly People Living Alone in Japan.

This aim of this study was to describe the association between shopping difficulty and food accessibility for elderly people living alone in Japan. A cross-sectoral, multilevel survey was designed to measure shopping difficulty from a food accessibility perspective. The questionnaire was distributed by mail. The sample was drawn from seven towns and cities across Japan. A geographic information system was used to select the sample: it identified the proximity of elderly people living alone to a supermarket. In total, 2,028 elderly people (725 men and 1,303 women) responded to the questionnaire. The binary dependent variables were shopping is easy/shopping is difficult. A logistic regression analysis adjusting for age and area of residence and using stepwise variable analyses was performed. The response rate was 58.6%. Overall, 14.6% of elderly men and 21.7% of elderly women consider shopping difficult. The stepwise logistic analysis showed that the food accessibility factors strongly related to shopping difficulty are infrequent car use (women: OR = 6.97), walking difficulties (men: OR = 2.81, women: OR = 3.48), poor eyesight (men: OR = 2.26, women: OR = 1.75), not cooking lunch by oneself (men: OR = 1.63, women: OR = 1.72), not having anyone to help with food shopping (women: OR = 1.45) and living over 1 km away from a supermarket (men: OR = 2.30, women: OR = 2.97). The study concludes that elderly people's assessment of shopping difficulty is related to their food accessibility. Important food accessibility aspects include car or motorbike ownership, walking continuously for 1 km, poor eyesight, and having cooking skills and having someone to help with shopping. These physical activity restrictions have a greater influence on shopping difficulty than do either income or proximity to a supermarket.

Transport in transition: Doi moi and the consumption of cars and motorbikes in Hanoi

The rapid developments in Vietnam since the economic reforms (doi moi) initiated in 1986 have led to a transformation of urban mobility. In less than 20 years, motorbike ownership in the country increased tenfold, and there are now 4 million motorbikes in Hanoi alone. While the two-wheelers dominate traffic, car ownership has increased rapidly in the last decade. This article approaches the consumption of cars and motorbikes in the Vietnamese capital from a social practice theory perspective. It particularly emphasises material conditions for practices in terms of systems of provision, available technology and infrastructure. This emphasis, the article argues, is necessary to account for large-scale changes in consumption in a context of rapid economic development. These conditions, however, have co-evolved with mobility practices and the local geography of consumption. Private cars in many ways represent a break with the dominant two-wheeled conditions and practices, but bring along social distinction, safety and comfort. In turn, a new automobility regime is emerging in the outskirts of Hanoi. The article analyses these material, social and bodily pillars of practices, and based on fieldwork in Hanoi approaches the changing urban mobility in the interplay between development and everyday life.

Analysis of Joint Household Decisions About Car and Motorbike Ownership and Use in Taiwan

Decisions about automobile ownership and use have been the subject of several investigations over the past few decades. However, decisions about car and motorbike ownership and use have not been sufficiently explored. It is important and useful for researchers and government officials in Taiwan to consider joint household decisions about car and motorbike ownership because many motorbikes are used in Taiwan. Therefore, both cars and motorbikes are considered in this study on the basis of microeconomic consumer behavior theory, in which fixed and variable costs are the two main components of budget restriction. A household is assumed to maximize its utility with three parameters: annual kilometers traveled by car, annual kilometers traveled by motorbike, and annual volume of all other goods and services (in monetary units). Probabilities of car and motorbike ownership are derived and calculated from demand functions and indirect utilities. Different scenarios are modeled to investigate the impact of changes in variable and fixed costs of car and motorbike, income, and combinations of these parameters on car and motorbike ownership and use.

Analysis of Joint Household Decisions about Car and Motorbike Ownership and use in Taiwan

Decisions about automobile ownership and use have been the subject of several investigations over the past few decades. However, decisions about car and motorbike ownership and use have not been sufficiently explored. It is important and useful for researchers and government officials in Taiwan to consider joint household decisions about car and motorbike ownership because many motorbikes are used in Taiwan. Therefore, both cars and motorbikes are considered in this study on the basis of microeconomic consumer behavior theory, in which fixed and variable costs are the two main components of budget restriction. A household is assumed to maximize its utility with three parameters: annual kilometers traveled by car, annual kilometers traveled by motorbike, and annual volume of all other goods and services (in monetary units). Probabilities of car and motorbike ownership are derived and calculated from demand functions and indirect utilities. Different scenarios are modeled to investigate the impact of changes in variable and fixed costs of car and motorbike, income, and combinations of these parameters on car and motorbike ownership and use.