Motivational Perspective Research Articles

Does Content-Focused Intervention Enhance Motivation in Physical Education? A Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT Guided by the content specificity perspective of motivation, the purpose of the study was to identify the extent to which student motivation level is a function of content variations. Motivation intervention studies were reviewed and categorized into content-focused and motivation-only learning contexts for meta-analysis. Original and calculated effect sizes were used to determine the effects of each learning context on student motivation change. Two independent sample t-tests were conducted to compare effect sizes. The analyses showed that the content-focused learning context was effective in student motivation change (effect size g = 0.88). Within the content-focused learning context, intervention content was significantly more effective in student motivation change than the conventional curriculum (effect size g = 0.36). The findings suggest a possibility that motivation is content-specific and should be part of the curriculum.

The Role of ChatGPT in English Language Learning: A Hedonic Motivation Perspective on Student Adoption in Chinese Universities

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly OpenAI’s ChatGPT, have transformed English language learning through Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) tools. This study examined the adoption of ChatGPT among university-level English learners employing the Hedonic Motivation System Adoption Model (HMSAM). An online survey was conducted with 266 valid responses, analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to assess the key factors influencing ChatGPT adoption. According to the findings, the main factors influencing students’ inclination to utilize ChatGPT are perceived usefulness, boredom, and a sense of control. These findings highlight important considerations for integrating AI in English education, suggesting that practical AI tools must address both functional and motivational aspects of learning. The study offers insights for educators and developers in designing AI-driven language learning tools that align with students’ needs and motivations, potentially shaping the future of English education.

A Motivational Perspective on College Students' Intention to Adopt Mobile News Apps

A Motivational Perspective on College Students' Intention to Adopt Mobile News Apps

How does career calling influence teacher innovation? The chain mediation roles of organizational identification and work engagement

AbstractTeacher innovation is closely related to the improvement of basic education quality, and the cultivation of innovative talent for the nation. However, few studies have employed the causes of teacher innovation from the perspective of intrinsic motivation. To explore the factors and mechanisms affecting teacher innovation, we surveyed 421 middle school teachers to investigate the mediating roles of organizational identification and work engagement in the relationship between career calling and teacher innovation. The results indicate that career calling has a significantly positive impact on teacher innovation and that both organizational identification and work engagement mediate the effect of career calling on teacher innovation. Moreover, organizational identification and work engagement act as chain mediators in the relationship between career calling and teacher innovation. Therefore, to promote teacher innovation in middle school, it is important to emphasize the sense of calling, organizational identification, and work engagement. Practical implications for how to promote teacher innovation are also discussed.

Why School Bus Drivers Stay in Their Jobs

With the current shortage of school bus drivers in many states, access to education is at risk for the many students who get to and from school by bus. Despite the critical role drivers play, little is known about why they stay in their jobs, and what can be done to keep them. To learn more about school bus driver retention, 301 drivers in 32 districts in New York were surveyed. Drawing on an overarching model of person-environment fit, perspectives of job satisfaction, meaningful work and public service motivation were used to explore what aspects of the driver role relate to turnover intention. Findings indicated lower turnover intention when drivers reported higher extrinsic satisfaction, when they found their work to hold personal significance, and when they saw their work as a source of broader meaning for their lives. Drivers also viewed themselves as making a difference in the lives of students and considered themselves a significant part of their education. They also indicated that pay and benefits were important in their decision to stay or leave. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for school leadership practice and future research.

Viewing machines as humans but humans as machines? Social connectedness shapes the robot anthropomorphism-dehumanization link

Human interactions with social robots inevitably involve anthropomorphism. Concerns have arisen regarding whether robot anthropomorphism is accompanied by negative human relationships. In particular, limited empirical research suggests that the more humanness people attribute to nonhuman agents (e.g., social robots), the more they deny to humans, thus implying a positive association between robot anthropomorphism and dehumanization. From a motivational perspective, we examined whether social connectedness—the perception of closeness with others—may expand the scope of agents deserving to be treated as having humanness, thereby tempering the possible positive association between robot anthropomorphism and dehumanization. Across three studies (two preregistered) conducted with Chinese participants, we induced social connectedness and measured anthropomorphism of social robots and dehumanization of certain individuals. Robot anthropomorphism negatively predicted dehumanization on human nature traits and the mental capacity to feel among participants induced to feel social connectedness (but not social neutrality or disconnectedness). Although their generalizability across diverse cultures warrants further investigation, our findings offer novel theoretical insights into humanness attribution, and practical implications for promoting social cohesion in the era of intelligent machines.

Shaping extra-role security behaviors through employee-agent relations: A dual-channel motivational perspective

Organizational information security performance increasingly depends on employees’ extra-role security behaviors (ERBs), which go beyond the scope of formal organizational prescription and control. At the same time, however, the literature suggests ERBs are largely unresponsive to traditional outline-and-control approaches to behavioral security. Instead, this stream finds that ERBs are primarily cultivated through social interactions with other organizational agents, namely the IS department and the direct supervisor. While important progress has been made in explicating the social nature of ERBs and the organizational agents that shape it, little is currently understood about the attributes of these employee-agent relationships that give rise to their influence on ERB enactment. Tied to this void, review of the literature reveals two separate and fundamentally different explanations of relational influence in this context which, according to theory, are associated with different relational attributes. Responding to these gaps, the current study presents a mixed-method examination of the relational antecedents of ERB enactment. We first theoretically develop and quantitatively examine a dual-channel model of socially motivated ERB enactment that highlights two co-existing motivational channels—an exchange-based channel rooted in norms of reciprocity and an identity-based channel rooted in self-verification. Then, applying the findings from quantitative examination of the dual-channel model, we qualitatively examine the specific attributes of these employee-agent relationships that promote ERB enactment. In doing so, this study makes multiple contributions to the literature including unification of prior work in this stream and introduction of detailed profiles of effective employee-agent relationships in this context.

Motivation, Hot and Cold: A Dual-Process Perspective of Motivation

Motivation, Hot and Cold: A Dual-Process Perspective of Motivation

A Motivation Perspective to Participation in Strategy Work in Organizations: A Field Experiment on the Effect of Framing

A Motivation Perspective to Participation in Strategy Work in Organizations: A Field Experiment on the Effect of Framing

How does managerial coaching influence knowledge sharing in the workplace? A perspective of proactive motivation model

Purpose Drawing upon the Proactive Motivation Model, this study aims to investigate the relationship between managerial coaching and employee knowledge-sharing behavior via psychological safety and learning goal orientation. This study also proposes that employee psychological safety and learning goal orientation sequentially mediate the relationship between managerial coaching and employee knowledge-sharing behavior. Design/methodology/approach This study used a time-lagged quantitative research design to test the proposed hypotheses. Using a self-administered questionnaire, data was gathered from 220 employees of information technology companies in Pakistan. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) two-stage approach to test the measurement and structural models. Findings The findings of the study support that there is an indirect relationship between managerial coaching and employees’ knowledge-sharing behaviors via psychological safety and learning goal orientation. In addition, the findings also support the sequential mediation of psychological safety and learning goal orientation in the proposed model. Practical implications The results of this study highlight that managers can play a vital role in fostering proactive resource-sharing behaviors of employees in knowledge-intensive organizations. Originality/value There is limited research on the relationship between managerial coaching and employees’ knowledge-sharing behavior. This study has analyzed this relationship using a motivational perspective. It makes important theoretical contributions by investigating the mechanisms through which managerial coaching influences employees’ knowledge-sharing behavior in organizations.

Threat Modeling and Risk Assessment of Nuclear Facility from the Motivation Perspective

Threat Modeling and Risk Assessment of Nuclear Facility from the Motivation Perspective

Longevity as a Responsibility: Constructing Healthy Aging by Enacting within Contexts over the Entire Lifespan.

Studying aging now requires going beyond the bio-psycho-social model and incorporating a broader multidisciplinary view capable of capturing the ultimate complexity of being human that is expressed as individuals age. Current demographic trends and the lengthening of life expectancies allow the observation of long-lived individuals in full health. These super-agers are no longer an exception. Indeed, individuals can have a good quality of life even over age 70 and living with chronic or neurodegenerative diseases. This change is driven in part by the cohort effect observed in people who are about to age today (e.g., better schooling, more advanced health conditions, and technologization) but more so by the gradual overcoming of ageist views. An aged person is no longer seen as a quitter but rather as one empowered to direct their own trajectory of potentially healthy longevity. According to this vision, this article proposes a situated lifespan perspective for the study of aging that integrates pedagogical models of developmental ecology with psychological theories of optimal experience to understand the individual motivational perspective on aging. At the same time, it does not disregard analyzing the daily and cultural contexts in which everyone situates and that guide aging trajectories. Nor does it forget that aging people are body-mind (embodied) organisms that, with contexts and through motivations, seize opportunities for action (affordances) to evolve in an optimal way during their lifespan. This theoretical reflection sheds new light on the aging process and on future trends in healthy longevity research.

Substantive or strategic: Government R&D subsidies and green innovation

Based on the data of Chinese A-share-listed manufacturing enterprises, this paper empirically tests the impact of government R&D subsidies on green innovation from the perspective of innovation motivation. The results show that R&D subsidies promote strategic green innovation, while there is a converse-U curve relationship between R&D subsidies and substantive green innovation. There exists remarkable heterogeneity in ownership and R&D background of firms. Environmental regulation, public attention, and green finance weaken the positive relationship between R&D subsidies and strategic green innovation and strengthen the converse-U relationship between R&D subsidies and substantive green innovation.

Study on Morphological Motivation on English and Chinese Noun Derivatives: Taking American National Geographic and Chinese National Geography as Examples

Linguistic motivation remains an important theoretical issue in language research. Lexical motivation, as the most basic level of linguistic motivation, has always been a hot-discussed topic in the study of motivation, but there is little study on the comparison of lexical motivation between English and Chinese, especially on noun derivatives. Therefore, this article, using corpus research and qualitative analysis, aims at finding, describing, and explaining the similarities and differences between English and Chinese noun derivatives in morphological motivation. The corpus, selected by the principle of authority, equivalence, timeliness and feasibility, is built on American National Geographic and Chinese National Geography on which a few researchers delve from the perspective of motivation, so it is worthy of more exploration. Theoretically, this study will explain the inherent laws of language and promote the further development of linguistic motivation theory. Practically, this study may improve the efficiency of vocabulary teaching and learning.

NCAA Division I Collegiate Athletes’ Motivational Perspectives Pertaining to their Academic and Athletic Roles

Research continues to point to collegiate athletes need to navigate their conflicting roles of academics and athletics simultaneously to be successful in their collegiate experience. Thus, in order to traverse these dual roles, collegiate athletes need to be both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated to balance both academic and athletic responsibilities. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand collegiate athletes’ perceptions of motivation through a qualitative design based on Self Determination Theory (SDT). Ten collegiate athletes who competed at the NCAA Division I level in a variety of sports were interviewed for this study. Three meaningful themes emerged and from the interview data: (a) Support, Resources, and Challenges for Collegiate Athletes, (b) Athletic Identity Influences Unbalanced Motivation, and (c) Importance of Culture, Coaches’ Leadership, and Environment. Specifically, collegiate athletes were satisfied with their institutions’ support, but most participants showed unbalanced motivation towards their dual roles within athletics and academics. Additionally, theoretical and practical implications for sport researchers, practitioners, and coaches are provided within this study.

Enhancing Teaching Quality and Sustainability in Maritime Education: A Motivational Perspective

Enhancing Teaching Quality and Sustainability in Maritime Education: A Motivational Perspective

Adaptive and maladaptive factors behind password manager use: A hope-extended protection motivation perspective

Robust password management is crucial for users’ information security. The use of password manager technology, which constitutes adaptive coping, is the dominant method for robust password management. Nonetheless, many users engage in maladaptive coping, adopting poor password management behaviors, such as using easy-to-remember passwords and using the same password across multiple accounts. Against this backdrop, this paper considers both adaptive and maladaptive coping factors for studying password manager use. As such, we incorporate the adaptive coping factor of password manager trustworthiness and the maladaptive coping factor of password mismanagement convenience into a research model that draws upon Hope-extended Protection Motivation Theory. We tested our model with a survey of US users. Our main findings indicate that password manager trustworthiness drives users’ appraised coping potential and that password mismanagement convenience has a context-specific (i.e., specific to the password manager use context) intricacy in how it reduces password manager use. Our theoretical contributions include expanding the range of Protection Motivation Theory's input sources, expanding the range of the studied context-specific factors in the password manager use context, and unveiling the uniqueness of the password manager context. This work also informs practice, especially with respect to how messages that aim to promote password manager use may be designed.

A Motivational Perspective on (Anticipated) Mental Effort Investment: The Biopsychosocial Model of Challenge and Threat

Research in cognitive load theory is increasingly recognizing the importance of motivational influences on students’ (willingness to invest) mental effort, in particular in the context of self-regulated learning. Consequently, next to addressing effects of instructional conditions and contexts on groups of learners, there is a need to start investigating individual differences in motivational variables. We propose here that the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat may offer a useful model to study the motivational antecedents of (anticipated) mental effort. We also report four experiments as initial tests of these ideas, exploring how feedback valence affects students’ challenge/threat experiences, self-efficacy, and mental effort investment. The results showed that negative feedback leads participants to expect that they will have to invest significantly more effort in future problems than positive feedback (Experiments 1, 2, and 3) or no feedback (Experiment 3). Had we not considered the motivational variables in investigating the effect of feedback conditions on effort investment, we would not have known that this effect was fully mediated and thus explained by participants’ feelings of self-efficacy (Experiments 1/2) and threat (Experiment 1). We would also have concluded that feedback does not affect the willingness to invest effort in future problems (all four experiments), whereas actually, there were significant indirect effects of feedback on willingness to invest effort via challenge (in Experiments 1/2) and threat (in all experiments). Thus, our findings demonstrate the added value of considering challenge and threat motivational states to explain individual differences in effort investment.

Consumer reactions to environmentally irresponsible sourcing practices: An intentionality and motive perspective

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to better understand how and why consumers pay attention to a firm's environmentally irresponsible sourcing practices. Using signaling theory, this research develops and tests a model that examines how a firm's intentionality and motive behind irresponsible environmental sourcing practices can signal a product's environmental characteristics to consumers. The findings suggest that consumers tend to view products as more environmentally harmful when they learn that a firm intentionally sources from irresponsible suppliers. Likewise, consumers are more likely to react unfavorably to a firm's products when a firm prioritizes profit motives over responsible sourcing practices. This research also offers insight into how a firm's corrective response strategy (e.g., mandatory vs. voluntary environmental supplier actions) could mitigate the adverse impact of the firm's environmentally irresponsible sourcing practices on consumer perceptions of environmental risk. The findings indicate that a firm's mandatory corrective actions targeted to its suppliers are more likely to be effective, whereas voluntary actions were found to be ineffective. Two experiments were conducted to test the study's hypotheses. Managerial and societal implications are also discussed.

Tunneling motivation or legitimacy motivation? The impact of digital transformation on controlling shareholders' share pledging

With the profound integration of technology and finance, the governance impact of digital transformation has emerged as a prominent discussion in the realm of corporate governance. This study seeks to investigate whether corporate digital transformation, supported by digital governance models, influences controlling shareholders’ share pledging. Leveraging data from A-share listed companies spanning 2010 to 2021, we explore the effects of corporate digital transformation on controlling shareholders' share pledging from the perspectives of tunneling and legitimacy motivations. The findings reveal that corporate digital transformation acts as a deterrent to controlling shareholders' share pledging. Particularly, in cases where companies lack vertical integration in top management, encounter significant financing constraints, or operate in regions with lower levels of rule of law, the suppressive impact of digital transformation on controlling shareholders' share pledging is more pronounced. At a micro level, corporate digital transformation diminishes the tunneling motivation of controlling shareholders and curbs their equity pledge actions through mechanisms such as executive failure tolerance and external supervision. Furthermore, driven by legitimacy motives, it restrains controlling shareholders’ share pledging by enhancing short-term financing capabilities through the avenue of digital transformation. This study contributes to a deeper comprehension of how corporate digitalization bolsters corporate governance, offering novel governance insights to advance the high-quality evolution of the capital market.