AbstractBackground: Permanent pacemaker is a small batterypoweredmedical device designed to electrically stimulate theheart muscle in an effort to restore the heart rhythm towardsnormal. Pediatric pacemaker implantation is performed totreat abnormalities of Sinoatrial (SA) node.Aim of Study: To assess mothers' knowledge regardingcare of children connected with permanent pacemaker.Subjects and Methods: A descriptive research design wasutilized. A convenient sample of 50 mothers of children underfive years have implanted permanent pacemaker were participatedin the study. The study was conducted in the arrhythmiaout-patient clinic at the Preventive Medicine and Social Center,affiliated to Cairo University Hospitals. The required datawas collected through structured interview questionnairewhich developed by the research investigator to assess mothers'knowledge regarding care of children connected with permanentpacemaker.Results: The results of the current study revealed thatmore than three quarters of the mothers had unsatisfactorylevel of knowledge regarding care of their children withpermanent pacemaker, although, the majority of them obtainedsatisfactory level of reported care. There were statisticallysignificant positive correlations between the total mean scoreof mothers' knowledge and reported care and their age, occupation,place of residence and level of education.Conclusion: The results concluded that the highest percentageof the mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledgeregarding care of children connected with permanent pacemaker.It was recommended that raising the awareness ofmothers about care of children connected with permanentpacemaker is mandatory through health education sessionsabout the pacemaker, child's activities and home pre cautions.