Moscow International Research Articles

Рейтинги как составляющая государственной политики по повышению конкурентоспособности вузов России

The work is devoted to ratings as components of state policy to increase the competitiveness of Russian universities. It is noted that in recent years ratings have become the most important instrument of public policy in Russia. The results of rating studies are used to regulate many socio-economic processes, including the development of regions and organizations. This is due to the fact that ratings help analyze the process based on the use of a large number of indicators, as well as manage this process. As a tool for regulating the development of higher education, rankings have been actively used in Russia since 2012, when the practical implementation of a program to increase the competitiveness of leading Russian universities among world research and educational centers began. However, focusing on the indicators of international rankings, which do not take into account the peculiarities of the organization of science and higher education in Russia, along with positive results, also had a negative impact on a number of processes in the development of higher education. University rankings developed in Russia, for example, the Moscow International University Ranking “Three University Missions,” contain indicators that take into account the quality of education, the volume of scientific research performed, and the participation of universities in the life of local communities. As a result, it was noted that the experience of developing university rankings in Russia can form the basis for the formation of a national ranking of universities. The effectiveness of the national ranking of universities, as an instrument of state policy of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, will depend on what indicators are included in the ranking. To determine the most effective indicators, it is necessary to assess the regulatory impact for each indicator, calculate the effects and risks of using indicators that evaluate Russian universities.

Рейтинги университетов мира: особенности и различия в методологии

This paper analyses world university rankings. Rankings remain a tool for assessing the effectiveness of edu-cational activities of both individual universities and national educational systems as a whole. The work consid-ers the methodologies of the QS World University Rankings, the Academic Ranking of World Universities (AR-WU), the Times Higher Education World University Rankings (THE), and the Moscow International University Ranking “Three Missions of the University”. Global rankings of leading universities can be based on various indicators and criteria, such as: academic reputation, quality of teaching and research activities, publication activity of faculties, international cooperation, university infrastructure and resources, as well as international influence and attractiveness for students. However, it is important to note that the methodology of university rankings has its own peculiarities and limitations. University rankings can be subjective, not taking into account all aspects of university activity and regional, political, and social peculiarities of higher education systems.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ МЕТОДОВ В ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ СЕМАНТИКИ ИМЕН СОБСТВЕННЫХ

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the semantics of toponyms, conducted by a group of linguists in the period from 2018 to 2023. The relevance of the study of this problem is due to the growing interest of linguists in a living, functioning language within the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm, in which language is studied not as a system autonomous from humans, but as a phenomenon of psychological nature. Therefore, in modern anthropocentric linguistics, experimental methods are actively used in studies of the semantics of language units. One of them is a linguistic associative experiment that allows identifying such semes, sememes and semantemes that actually function in the minds of native speakers. This article presents the results of an experimental study of the semantics of toponymic vocabulary, conducted by a group of scientists from the Voronezh State University, Moscow International University and the Complex Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the supervision of Professor I. Sternin. The sample of the experimental study included 730 students of both sexes – students of different courses and specialties of the Chechen State Pedagogical University, Chechen State University, Voronezh State University, Social and Pedagogical Institute of the city of Derbent. The experiment was conducted in written form. The list of presented stimuli included 10 toponyms of the Russian language, selected by random sampling and arranged in alphabetical order on the form. The subjects completed three tasks. The results were processed manually. Associative fields were built, the semantic interpretation of which made it possible to formulate psycholinguistic meanings of the studied toponyms. The article proves that the semantic structure of toponyms is congruent with the structure and content of linguistic consciousness (the congruence hypothesis).

Яркое событие на сцене Московского международного Дома музыки

The article is devoted to the jubilee concert of I. Bril’s trio held at the Moscow International House of Music on June 9, 2024. It concludes with a short interview with the pianist.

Library in the Space of Books and Events of the 36th Moscow International Book Fair

From August 30 to September 3, 2023, the 36th Moscow International Book Fair was held at the Expo Centre Central Exhibition Complex on Krasnopresnenskaya Embankment. The Forum brought together participants from various regions of Russia, as well as representatives of 21 countries, including seven countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Germany, China and Iran, and was attended by more than 34 thousand people. The VKontakte social network has become a partner of online broadcasts and the official MIBF network. More than 300 events were held at seven venues. Publishers from Moscow, St. Petersburg and 26 other Russian regions presented their books.The article presents an annual review of the activities of the MIBF: The National competition “Book of the Year — 2023”, the competition of the Russian Library Association “The Best professional Book of the Year”, the 3rd Readers’ Assembly of the Commonwealth, the industry conference “Book Market of Russia — 2023”, the Moscow International Children’s Book Fair. In the event context of the most relevant events for the library industry, libraries’ understanding of their role in the socio-cultural life of society is revealed: achievements and initiatives aimed at preserving heritage, promoting books and reading are noted, new projects, including book publishing, are presented, the results of the participation of the Russian State Library and the publishing house “Pashkov Dom” in the MIBF-2023 are summed up.

Культ орла в мифологии хангаласцев

Культ орла в мифологии хангаласцев

Foundations of the comprehensive concept of learning

The article is devoted to the problems of education in the Russian Federation. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian education system is in a systemic crisis, one of the reasons for which is the outdated concept of education, which is too focused on the transfer of a large amount of fundamental knowledge. On the basis of Moscow International University, the Integrated Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the NP "Laboratory for Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after A.I. Said-Mahdikhon Sattorov", the authors developed a new comprehensive concept of learning aimed at harmonizing the educational process. It involves the distribution of school subjects (lessons and lectures) into four blocks (knowledge block, methodological block, skills block and responsibility block). A new version of the lesson schedule for elementary classes was developed in accordance with the comprehensive concept of education. The article outlines the basic principles of the comprehensive concept of education: pluralism; freedom of thought and choice; methodical doubt; practicality; responsibility; harmonious development of personality. The concept "learning" was defined as a purposeful activity related to the development of fundamental and applied knowledge, technologies and techniques of correct and creative thinking, practical skills and abilities, social and moral norms, the ultimate goal of which is to reveal student's personal potential, and the ultimate goal is social progress.

The field model (F-model) of a psychological type as a new way of modeling and describing the psyche

This article is the third one in a series of works on one of the leading theories in modern differential psychology – Jung's theory of the psychological types. The works are aimed at revealing foundations of the cognitive concept of psychological types, which is being developed by the scientific team of the Department of Psychology, Moscow International University, and the Laboratory of Cognitive Research of Consciousness n.a. S.M. Sattorov. The article aims to reveal new ways of identifying and describing psychological types in accordance with the field model of psychological types (F-model). Following Jung, the article claims that the basic psychological functions in the same individual never have the same degree of development. One of the functions has an advantage both in development and in strength. One of the functions is more preferable than the other. The strength of the functions within the field model (F model) can be determined by the degree of brightness in the field system. The field model describes the psychological type as a field system with a core and a periphery. The core is occupied by the strongest (dominant) mental functions, and the weakest (subdominant) mental functions are peripheral. To measure the strength of mental functions, the coefficient of brightness can be determined from the formula C = nP/Q. The article describes parameters of work with information and a four-point scale for its assessment, the structural specifics of the field model and the rules for constructing and describing the field model.

Associative Experiment as an Effective Method of Studying Students’ Linguistic Consciousness

The purpose of this article is to present the methodology of conducting associative experiments, which is used in their psycholinguistic research by scientists of Moscow International University, Voronezh State University and the “Laboratory of Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after Said Makhdikhon Sattorov”. This technique makes it possible to identify more or less frequent associations that are actually represented in the consciousness of native speakers (language consciousness), as well as to fix the associative norms of the national language within the framework of the corresponding (associative) dictionaries. The article presents the results of linguistic associative experiments conducted in Derbent in lecture halls of local universities. A list of 10 stimuli was used as a stimulus material. Based on the results of the experiments, associative fields of stimuli were constructed, which made it possible to identify the state of language consciousness of Derbent students.

Implementation of a Comprehensive Concept of Education in the System of Environmental Education

The article is devoted to the problems of environmental education. The idea is expressed that the ecological education of the population is the most important means of overcoming the ecological crisis. A brief review of the definitions of the concept of “environmental education”, as well as some concepts of environmental education, is made. The main attention is paid to the complex concept of education, developed on the basis of the Moscow International University and the Laboratory for Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after Said Makhdikhon Sattorov under the guidance of Professor of RAE (RANS) Maira Makhaev. Methodological bases of the complex concept of training are revealed. The complex concept is based on the allocation of four blocks (the “knowledge” block, the methodological block, the skills and abilities block, the responsibility block), which are the parameters of any training. An idea was expressed about the possibility of introducing this concept into the system of environmental education, which will improve the quality of environmental education.

Новые реалии и задачи российского кинематографа

Actually, cinema is still one of the most popular, accessible and sought-after art forms. Using the example of the 44th Moscow International Film Festival (MIFF) and its business workshop the author studies topical issues of cinema, as well as new tasks and trends in Russian cinema, film production, national and international film distribution.

THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS IN ENGLISH CLASS

THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS IN ENGLISH CLASS Vladimir Vostrov Master’s student, Moscow International Academy, Russia, Moscow   ABSTRACT Modern achievements in the field of information technolog

Book Diversity and Fireworks of Events: the 35th Moscow International Book Fair

On September 2—5, 2022, the 35th Moscow International Book Fair (MIBF) was held in Moscow at the Gostiny Dvor Exhibition Centre. More than 300 publishers from 28 regions of the Russian Federation presented their books. Representatives from 21 countries, including seven CIS member states, attended the Book Fair program. Within the framework of the 35th MIBF, 344 events took place at 11 sites that were accompanied by various book exhibitions. In the context of the key events for the book industry and librarianship that took place at the 35th MIBF (the National competition “Book of the Year”, the 10th All-Russian competition of the Russian Library Association “Best Professional Book of the Year”, the conference “Russian Book Market — 2022”, the 11th competition of professional skills “Auditor”), the participation of libraries in the cultural life of the society, their achievements and initiatives aimed at promoting books and reading were noted, creative projects, including book publishing, were presented. The article summarizes the results of participation of the Russian State Library (RSL) and the RSL publishing house “Pashkov Dom” in the 35th Moscow International Book Fair.

LaSER: Language-specific event recommendation

While societal events often impact people worldwide, a significant fraction of events has a local focus that primarily affects specific language communities. Examples include national elections, the development of the Coronavirus pandemic in different countries, and local film festivals such as the César Awards in France and the Moscow International Film Festival in Russia. However, existing entity recommendation approaches do not sufficiently address the language context of recommendation. This article introduces the novel task of language-specific event recommendation, which aims to recommend events relevant to the user query in the language-specific context. This task can support essential information retrieval activities, including web navigation and exploratory search, considering the language context of user information needs. We propose LaSER, a novel approach toward language-specific event recommendation. LaSER blends the language-specific latent representations (embeddings) of entities and events and spatio-temporal event features in a learning to rank model. This model is trained on publicly available Wikipedia Clickstream data. The results of our user study demonstrate that LaSER outperforms state-of-the-art recommendation baselines by up to 33 percentage points in MAP@5 concerning the language-specific relevance of recommended events.

A Ransomed Dissident: A Life in Art under the Soviets

The persecuted Soviet author and, eventually, Parisian émigré Andrey Sinyavsky (who used the pen name Abram Tertz) once pronounced that his quarrel with the Soviet state concerned aesthetics rather than politics. His longtime friend Igor Golomstock (1929–2017) concurred with Sinyavsky's position, as he announces at several moments in this account of a remarkable life that extends from early experiences as the child of non-prisoner civilians working in the Kolyma Gulag, to the social upheavals of Moscow during the Thaw of the 1960s, to a life in Great Britain from 1972 on. A specialist in Western European and, eventually, totalitarian art, Golomstock founded his resistance to the Soviet regime on rejection of its ugliness and falsity, rather than on any ideological commitment.His stance of principled nonpartisan resistance enabled Golomstock to circulate among many and varied circles of Soviet social life in the decades of de-Stalinization under Khrushchev, succeeded by the return to social discipline and conservatism under Brezhnev. Golomstock's friendships and contacts are a who's who of the nonconformist Soviet intelligentsia, including Sinyavsky and his wife (the art historian Maria Rozanova), the idiosyncratic “methodologist” Georgy Shchedrovitsky, the philosopher Alexander Piatigorsky, the guitar poet Alexander Galich, and the artist Boris Sveshnikov, known for his Gulag drawings. Golomstock's life experiences are a chronicle of highpoints in the social history of the Moscow intelligentsia: he held a position in the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, hub of unofficial Soviet cultural activity; worked as a guide at the art pavilions of the 1956 Moscow International Youth Festival, where Soviets could for the first time see twentieth-century Western art; and later obtained a post in the Scientific Institute for Technical Aesthetics, a “Noah's Ark” for nonconformist thought as the Thaw turned frosty. Finally, Golomstock enjoyed a front-row seat, as unwilling witness for the prosecution, at the trial of Sinyavsky and Yuli Daniel for “anti-Soviet agitation”—which is to say, the smuggling of phantasmagorical fiction to the West for publication. This episode was a crucial stimulus for the rise and organization of Soviet dissident groups, which Golomstock frequented but never “joined.” He himself was prosecuted for refusal to testify, leading to official ostracization, loss of work, and eventual emigration.In the West, Golomstock's path took him, once again, through key sites of activity: work as a writer and broadcaster for Radio Liberty and the BBC Russian Service, along with critical and editorial activity around the influential émigré journals Sintaksis (edited by Sinyavsky) and Kontinent. Here the reluctance of Sinyavsky, and Golomstock along with him, to march under ideological banners led to clashes with the self-appointed leaders of Soviet émigré society and anti-Soviet activism—most importantly, Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Golomstock's account of life in emigration, which takes up the last quarter of the book, presents a mirror image of his stories of conflict with Soviet dogmatism, but now it was his former dissident allies who played the role of ideological purists.In sum, Golomstock's life is an encyclopedic account of the ironies of Soviet and Cold War culture and politics. He ends with a note (“The Benefits of Pessimism”) on his lack of faith in political programs (especially in Russia), but thanks to his sharp wit; ear for anecdote; and evocative tales of art, books, and tables of food, drink, and conversation, Golomstock delivers a dose of optimistic joie de vivre.

Robert Lepage's New Stage Project in Moscow

The article deals with one of the most remarkable events of the last theatre season in Moscow – the production of M. Bulgakov's "Master and Margarita" made by outstanding Canadian director Robert Lepage in the Theatre of Nations. The premiere took place on December 9-11, 2021. Lepage is long known to Russian audience. Since 2007 he is a regular participant of the Moscow International Chekhov's Festival. According to Lepage Bulgakov's novel could be regarded simultaneously as a love story, political and social satire, a parody comedy and a fantasy tale. This book remains to this day a manifest that condemns conformity and promotes artistic freedom.

MOSCOW INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIA ON SOLAR SYSTEM RESEARCH (10M-S3 AND 11M-S3) REPORTS REVIEW. Part 1. Mars exploration

A review of the reports of the last two Moscow International Symposia on Solar System Research has been completed. In the first part of the review, 43 reports of the main session of the "Mars" section are considered. The works of leading experts in the field of planetary science cover a wide range of scientific and applied problems - from the study of the geological history and climate of Mars, the search for traces of life and subsurface water reserves, to new technologies in planetary research, mission planning, as well as monitoring solar activity and radiation conditions in the interplanetary space, orbit and the surface of Mars. The data obtained in the last two decades has made it possible to significantly advance in understanding the nature of Mars, but many unresolved questions remain regarding the climate in the early era, the existence of the Martian oceans in the past, biological and geological activity. The scientific results obtained by unmanned spacecraft should be fully taken into account in the development of manned deep space exploration programs. Key words: Solar system, planetology, international symposium, deep space, automatic interplanetary stations, Mars, Moon, reports review

Books and Events: Trends, Projects, Achievements in the Light of the 34th Moscow International Book Fair

The leading event for the library and publishing sector — the 34th Moscow International Book Fair (MIBF) — took place on September 24—27, 2021 at the Central Exhibition Complex “Expocentre”. The forum was held in a “hybrid format”, foreign participants joined the events online. There were announced the winners of the National competition “Book of the Year — 2021” and the 9th Competition of the Russian Library Association “The Best Professional Book of the Year — 2021”.The business program of the MIBF contained sectoral conferences and round tables devoted to the insight of state of the book industry. The 2nd International Conference “The World Book Industry in new realities: new technologies, new challenges, new prospects”, the sectoral conference “The Russian Book Market — 2021”, the round table “Books in the city” took place at the Fair. The MIBF outlined the vectors of the development of modern culture, creative industries and creative entrepreneurship in the context of books; prospects for the development of new formats for the reorganization of territories and the formation of a stable local identity; intersection points of interests of citizens, local and federal authorities, business and cultural institutions. The article summed up the overall results of the MIBF.

An Air Map for World Cinema: Aeroflot as an Infrastructure for Cinematic Internationalism

The expansion of global air travel in the Cold War era fueled diverse forms of state‐sponsored internationalism, including international writers' congresses, concert tours, and especially art and film festivals. Film festivals served as a key stage for cultural competition between the United States and the Soviet Union, as well as the main way for decolonized Asian and African states to showcase their new national cinemas. The Soviet state airline, Aeroflot, shaped international participation at the Moscow International Film Festival (1959‐) and Global South participation at the Tashkent Festival for Asian, African, and Latin American Cinema in Uzbekistan (1968‐). This article analyzes Aeroflot as an infrastructure for cinematic internationalism. The socialist economics of air travel shaped “world cinema maps” that emerged at Moscow and Tashkent. Aeroflot enabled Soviet cinematic diplomacy, but also constrained it: it delayed Tashkent festival's expansion to Latin America, where the airline had few inroads. For local publics, films brought in airplane luggage at the last minute provided uncensored transnational cinematic experiences that occasionally elided not just Soviet, but also Syrian or American diplomatic control. Aeroflot's inefficiencies put foreign delegates face‐to‐face with Soviet everyday life and reproduced global inequalities: filmmakers from the Global South, whose travel was covered by their Soviet hosts, were at the mercy of Aeroflot's delays, while festival guests from Western Europe and the United States could count on their own national airlines for transportation. Free Aeroflot tickets ensured nearly comprehensive participation of Global South nations, in order to promote Soviet filmmaking as the model for emergent Asian and African cinemas. Yet Third Worldist alliances forged at Moscow and Tashkent—among African organizers of the Pan‐African Federation of Filmmakers, or between Cuban and Vietnamese militant cineastes—often bypassed, contradicted, or exceeded Soviet diplomatic goals. More broadly, I argue that Soviet official internationalism—its technologies, bureaucracies, and expenditures—should be analyzed as an infrastructure that enabled multiple internationalist projects, some conceived elsewhere and working toward goals tangential or inimical to Soviet state purposes. Much existing work on Soviet internationalism zeros in on the state's attempts to win the “hearts and minds” of Soviet or foreign citizens. Conversely, the infrastructural approach focuses on informal transnational alliances and personal ties built on Soviet terrain, while also accounting for Soviet institutional, economic, and technological power that shaped the “contact zones” where these encounters took place.

Moscow International University Ranking: critical review and geopolitical effects

The Moscow International University Ranking (MosIUR) is a global university ranking launched in 2017 with the intention of evaluating universities by considering three essential dimensions (education, research, and knowledge transfer). This ranking was designed and developed by the Russian Union of Rectors following a direct request from President Vladimir Putin. The objective of this work is to perform a threefold analysis of this ranking. First, a methodological analysis is carried out, focused on describing the nature of the indicators and sources employed. Second, a geopolitical analysis aims to determine how countries are represented in this new global ranking. Third, a webometric analysis is done, focused on the online visibility of the ranking. The results reveal MosIUR to be a ranking with an outstanding number of webometric indicators and clearly oriented towards transference to society. However, some methodological concerns arise regarding a few metrics. The geopolitical position of developed countries is similar to that in other global rankings, but slight differences emerge, such as the stronger presence of Russian universities. The cybermetric analysis confirms that, despite being international, this ranking is strongly limited to Russia. It can be concluded that, except for the palpable predominance of the USA, each ranking tends to place universities from their own country in a better position. The creation of MosIUR by the Russian government can thus be perceived as a political strategy to improve the reputation of Russian universities, increase funding, and accelerate their transformation into world-class universities.