Morus Sp Research Articles

Impact of different pre-sowing treatments on the germination of mulberry (Morus sp) seeds

Impact of different pre-sowing treatments on the germination of mulberry (Morus sp) seeds

Exploring the Anti-Breast Cancer Potential of Chalcomoracin, Guangsangon E, and Morushalunin: A Computational Analysis of Compounds from Morus sp.

Exploring the Anti-Breast Cancer Potential of Chalcomoracin, Guangsangon E, and Morushalunin: A Computational Analysis of Compounds from Morus sp.

Evaluation Study of some Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Red and White Mulberry Fruits, a Local Variety Morus sp.

The results of the search for the physical characteristics of the red and white mulberry cultivars showed that there were no significant differences in the characteristic of the fruit length, as it reached 2.50 and 2.40 cm for the red and white cultivars, respectively. While the white mulberry variety excelled in the characteristics (fresh and dry weight of the fruit and the diameter of the fruit), reaching 3.09 g, 1.66 g, and 1.10 cm, respectively. The results of the study of chemical traits showed that there were significant differences in all the studied traits, where the red mulberry variety excelled in (content). moisture, percentage of juice, and percentage of acidity), which reached 14.73, 54.78, and 2.64%, respectively, while the white mulberry variety excelled in (the percentage of total sugars, the percentage of total soluble solids (TSS), the ratio of solids to acidity, and the ash content of the fruits) as it reached 8.14%, 9.60%, 9.60%, and 0.86g, respectively.

Domestication of a magic therapeutical wine glass fungus (Podoscypha petalodes) from Pakistan

The Podoscypha is a recognized therapeutically significant genus of mushrooms. A Podoscypha species under a Morus sp. Was found from the largest man-made forest Changa-Manga, Kasur during the exploration of fungal flora of Pakistan. Detailed morpho-anatomical and phylogenetic analysis identified it as P. petalodes, a part of common native flora of many regions of the world like Pakistan. The culturabilty and cultivation potential of this fungus was assessed for the first time using different media and substrates. Maximum cultural growth was observed on the Compost Extract Agar (CEA) medium at 28 °C. Mycelium of cultured strains on CEA medium was used for the spawn production on wheat, sorghum and barley grains. Cultivation potential in the form of spawn running period, harvesting time duration and yield was investigated on variety of substrates. A mixed substrate of sawdust and tea waste at 28 °C showed the optimum yield. Tea-waste was used as the casing material in all substrates and proved very effective. These results depicted that Podoscypha petalodes possesses the cultivation potential. Its cultivation on large scale can solve the major health concerns of the growing population. It would provide the people easy accessibility of economical, effective and natural medicine throughout the year that restrict in case of only natural production at specific time of the year.

Evaluation of mulberry (Morus sp) accessions for morphological, growth and yield traits

Evaluation of forty mulberry accessions for morphological, growth and yield parameters was carried out during the year 2021-2022 at the Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam.Qualitative traits such as growth nature, leaf surface, leaf lobation, leaf color and leaf wrinkles showed distinct variations in the present study. Among the forty accessions, the highest number of shoots/ plant was recorded in MI-0845 (27.40) and the highest shoot length was recorded in ME-0247 (230.70cm).The highest Internodal length was recorded in MI-0715 (8.39cm), the maximum number of leaves per plant was recorded in MI- 0145 (584.00) and the maximum leaf area was recorded in MI-0477 (321.51cm 2 ). Specific leaf area was maximum in MI-0615 (282.50 cm 2 /g) and a maximum number of leaves per branch were recorded in MI-0817 (55.80). The maximum 100 leaf weight was recorded in MI-0828 (673.40g) and leaf dry weight was significantly high in MI-0477 (88.71 g/plant). Phenotypic correlation between a number of shoots per plant showed a significantly positive correlation with specific leaf area and number of leaves per plant. Shoot length exhibited a significantly positive correlation with internodal length, number of leaves per plant had significantly positive correlation with specific leaf area. A significant and positive correlation between growth and yield traits can be utilized for mulberry leaf yield improvement. Based on the cluster analysis, 40 mulberry accessions were grouped into seven clusters. Among the clusters, cluster I and V exhibited maximum variability. The variability existing in the forty mulberry accessions provides opportunities for breeders to select specific donors for genetic improvement.

Efficacy of chitosan on growth and yield traits of mulberry, Morus sp

Chitosan is biopolymer of glucosamine residues, nontoxic, biodegradable and friendly to environment and it also helps to enhance crop production due to their bioactivities. The present experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of chitosan on the growth and yield related attributes of mulberry, Morus sp. with various concentrations such as 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 ppm. The chitosan was sprayed thrice on 15, 30 and 45 days after pruning (DAP) on the foliage of three different mulberry varieties namely V1, MR2 and G4. The result revealed that, irrespective of varieties, the foliar application of chitosan at 75 ppm significantly increased the biometric as well as yield related attributes of mulberry over other concentrations. Among the three varieties, V1 showed more response to chitosan application than G4 and MR2. At 75 ppm, chitosan showed marked effect on VI variety of mulberry and significantly increased shoot length (170.67 cm), number of shoots per plant (9.03), number of leaves per shoot (29.48), leaf area (220.26 cm2) and leaf area index (2.72) were observed when compared with control. The application of chitosan at 75 ppm significantly enhanced the yield traits namely weight of 100 leaves (448.10 g), leaf shoot ratio (1.45) and leaf yield (14.01 MT/ha/harvest) in V1.

<p><strong><em>Phylloporia</em></strong><strong> <em>moricola</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from China</strong></p>

Phylloporia moricola is described as a new species based on collections from Sichuan Province, China. All studied basidiocarps grow on trunks of Morus sp. This new species is supported by morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences inferred from a dataset of nuc 28S rDNA. P. moricola is characterized by having effused-reflexed to pileate basidiocarps, pores 7–9 per mm, duplex context with a black line when young, dimitic hyphal system, and brownish, slightly thick-walled basidiospores generally measuring 3.4–4 × 2.7–3.2 μm. Phylloporia moricola is phylogenetically most closely related to Phylloporia mori, that also occurs on Morus sp., but that species differs from P. moricola in having hymenial setae and larger basidiospores (4–4.8 × 3.1–3.8 μm).

Utilization of wood vinegar as plant based insecticide in mulberry (Morus sp)

Successful maintenance of silkworms (Bombyx mori) depends on the supply of mulberry leaf feed (Morus sp). In practice, mulberry plants are not safe from pests and diseases. In the early rainy season, mulberry plants are easily attacked by whitefly (Trialeuroides vaporiorum and Bemissia tabaci). Mulberry leaves that are attacked by whitefly can no longer be given to silkworms because the nutrients are reduced. The use of plant-based insecticides in the resolvent of whitefly pests has not been widely practiced. Wood vinegar is an organic material derived from wood waste that can be used as a plant-based insecticide. The objectives of this study are to determine the percentage of whitefly attacks on mulberry plants and the application of plant-based insecticides on mulberry plants towards whitefly attacks reduction. The study was employed by field observation for 12 weeks. The results showed that the percentage of whitefly attack was 33.34%. Application of wood vinegar as insecticide with a dose of 2.5% (v/v) increased the pest resistance and induced the growth of mulberry plants.

Production of Tetrahydrocurcumin From Curcumin by Cultured Plant Cells and Inhibitory Effects of Curcuminoids on NF-κB Activity

Biotransformation of curcumin was investigated using cultured plant cells of Morus sp. Cultured Morus cells converted curcumin into dihydrocurcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin. The activity of nuclear factor-κB was inhibited by curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin.

Performance of Different Mulberry/ Morus Sp/ Genotypes and their Effect on Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx Mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Mulberry /Morus sp / is the primary feed plant for Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). The studies were conducted in field and laboratory conditions with the objectives to evaluate the agronomic and their rearing performance of different genotypes of mulberry on silkworms. About 6 genotypes of mulberry namely, Nekemte, Jimma, M-4, K-2, S-13 and Local were evaluated in the field and laboratory. The treatments were arranged with RCBD in the field and CRD for laboratory experiments in three replications. Significant differences were observed in agronomic and rearing performances of genotypes of mulberry. In field, maximum leaf production per plant (371.3 and 373.1 kg/ha), fresh leaf weight (26,503 and 26,333 kg/ha) and dry leaf weight (8027 and 8268 kg/ha) were recorded from S-13 and K-2, respectively. However, minimum leaf weight (9435kg/ha) was recorded from local genotype. In addition, there were significant differences in rearing performances of silkworms fed on different genotypes of mulberry. Among different genotypes, silkworms fed on leaf of S-13 and K-2 gave better results such as cocoon weight (1.11g and 1.03g), pupal weight (0.924g and 0.864g), shell weight (0.187g and 0.168g), silk ratio (16.82% and 16.35%), as compared to other genotypes. In general, S-13 and K-2 showed better results in agronomic performances as well as in rearing performance of silkworms for improving silk production as compared to other genotypes.

Identification and characterization of Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain genes in mulberry, Morus notabilis

Genes from the plant specific Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) family encode transcriptional regulators that have a variety of functions in various physiological and developmental processes. In the present study, 31 LBD genes were identified in the mulberry genome. The genome features of all MnLBD genes and phylogenetic studies with Arabidopsis LBD protein sequences, accompanied by the expression analysis of each of the Morus LBD genes provide insights into the functional prediction of mulberry LBDs. The genome-wide surveys of the current mulberry genome have resulted in the identification of catalogs of MnLBD genes that may function in the development of leaf, root, and secondary metabolism in Morus sp.

Comparative transcriptomics and comprehensive marker resource development in mulberry.

BackgroundHigh potential of Morus laevigata and Morus serrata has been proposed in the breeding programs for Morus sp. However, due to the lack of dense molecular markers this goal is still in its nascent stage and not yet realized. We thus, sequenced the transcriptomes of these two wild Morus species and utilized the data for marker development.ResultsWe generated 87.0 and 80.3 Mb of transcriptome data from M. laevigata and M. serrata, respectively. The transcriptomes from M. laevigata and M. serrata, were assembled into 95,181 and 85,269 transcripts, respectively, and annotated. We identified around 24,049 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs), 1,201,326 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and 67,875 Insertion-Deletions (InDels). The variants having a higher impact were also identified and their effect was further investigated.ConclusionsThe transcriptome resource from the wildly growing mulberry species developed in this study can find wide applicability in gene identification and/or characterization. It can also contribute immensely in the existing mulberry improvement programs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2417-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of mulberry MAPK gene family

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in regulating various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Although MAPKs have been identified and characterized in a few model plants, there is little information available for mulberry Morus sp. L., one of the most ecologically and economically important perennial trees. This study identified 47 mulberry Morus notabilis MAPK (MnMAPK) family genes: 32 MnMAPKKK, five MnMAPKK and ten MnMAPK genes, and cloned ten MnMAPK cDNA genes based on a genome-wide analysis of the morus genome database. Comparative analysis with MAPK gene families from other plants suggested that MnMAPKs could be divided into five subfamilies (groups A, B, C, D and E) and they could have similar functions in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. MnMAPK gene expression analysis of different stresses (high/low temperature, salt and drought) and signal molecules (ABA, SA, H2O2 and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)) revealed that all ten MnMAPK genes responded to high/low temperature, salt and drought stresses, and that nine of the ten MnMAPKs (MnMAPK7 excepted) could be induced by ABA, SA, H2O2 and MeJA, which suggested that MnMAPKs may play pivotal roles in signal transduction pathways. Our results indicated that almost all of the MnMAPKs may be involved in environmental stress and defense responses, which provides the basis for further characterization of the physiological functions of MnMAPKs.

Kajian Awal untuk Mempercepat Pemulihan Kondisi Sosoal Ekonomi Masyarakat Terkena Bencana Erupsi Gunung Merapi melalui Budidaya Ulat Sutera

Title : Initial Assessment to Accelerate Recovery of The Affected Community Social Economic Mount Merapi Eruption Through The Cultivation of Silkworms. Research purposes to obtain the suitability of land for mulberry (Morus sp) in the affected area 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi, in Balerante Kemalang Klaten in Central Java. This information is necessary to create activities that can accelerate the recovery of socio‐economic conditions of society through silkworm farming. The method used is an inventory of soil and land characteristics through field surveys. Step (1) an inventory of climatic factors, soil and topography to make the Land Unit Map (SPT). Stage (2) analysis of soil fertility in the laboratory to complement the characteristics of land that has not been obtained at the time of field survey. Stage (3) develop / describe the characteristics of the land on each Land Unit on our soil. Stage (4) The process of evaluating the suitability of the land, the match (matching) characteristics of land with mulberry plant growth requirements. The results of our actual and potential land suitability. This map is useful to provide guidance on the cultivation of mulberry plants. (Morus sp.), Results showed that most of land unit in this area has a fitness class S2nr (Quite in accordance with the limiting nutrient retention) Keywords: actual and potential land suitability, land characteristics, referrals, and cultivation

A derivatization procedure for the simultaneous analysis of iminosugars and other low molecular weight carbohydrates by GC–MS in mulberry (Morus sp.)

Different derivatization procedures were assayed to simultaneously analyse iminosugars such as deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) or fagomine and other carbohydrates of low molecular weight by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in Morus sp. Both oximation+trimethylsilylation and oximation+acetylation allowed the separation of target compounds, whereas trimethylsilyl (TMS) and acetylated derivatives showed several coelutions. Nevertheless, oximation+acetylation were discarded for giving inaccurate results for ketoses due to their incomplete derivatization. Different conditions for the conversion into trimethylsilyl oximes (TMSO) were assayed, the best results being achieved using hexamethyldisilazane with trifluoroacetic acid as silylation agent. Contents of iminosugars (DNJ, fagomine and pipecolic acid derivatives) and other carbohydrates such as mono and disaccharides, myo-inositol and galactinol isomers in mulberry extracts (fruits, leaves and branches) were determined by GC–MS using the TMSO procedure.

THE EFFECT OF FEEDING MULBERRY HYBRID ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND THE QUALITY OF COCOON SILKWORM

Hybridization Morus sp, has given a significant impact increasing leaf productivity. There ore some good performaning Morus hybrids such as M. nigra x M. indica (M.N1). M. australis x M. indica (M.AsI). and M. alba var kanva which might be good forfeeding materials of silkworm. However, it is necessariy to test the leafsuitability asfeeding material to the quality of cocoon that will be produced. For that purpose one set offeeding experimentation using Bombyx mori L, (bivoltine silkworm egg F1 China and Japan double crossed with the code C 301) and three kinds of mulberry was established. The researeh located in Grogolan village, with 500 m asl. altitude, 2.500 mm - 3.000 mm rain per year, 75% relative humidity and 25° .3,0°C temperature. The study was arranged Randomized Completely Design with three replications. The result showed that the effects of mulberry leaves were non signifcant for the survival percentage of silkvorm instar I-III, the survival percentage of silkworm instar IV-V, weight of cocoon, weight of cocoon shell, cocoon shell percentage, length of filament, weight of filament, filament percentage and reelability of cocoon, There were significant differences in rendement ofrearing. In general, leaves those three hybrids are suitable for silkwonn feeding.

Discovering COX-Inhibiting Constituents ofMorusRoot Bark: Activity-Guided versus Computer-Aided Methods

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of two well known approaches for the discovery of the bioactive principle/s in medicinal plants, namely the activity-guided isolation versus the computer-aided drug discovery by means of virtual screening (VS) techniques. Morus root bark of Morus sp. L. (Moraceae) was selected as application example for the discovery of compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. The two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 were chosen as targets and the corresponding pharmacophore models were generated by our research. The activity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of the root bark resulted in the isolation of nine compounds. Their structures were elucidated by mass spectrometry, 1- and 2-dimensional NMR experiments and identified as moracins B, M, the regioisomers O/P as a mixture, and sanggenons B, C, D, E and O. The COX-1 and COX-2 inhibiting activities of these compounds were established in an enzyme assay and compared with the predicted hits obtained from the VS. Sanggenons C, E, and O, that were tested the first time for an inhibitory effect on COX-1 and -2, showed IC50 values of 10-14 microM, and 40-50 microM, respectively. The results show that the COX activities obtained for the sanggenons are correctly predicted by the in silico filtering experiment. In the case of the isolated moracins, however, it failed because the COX inhibiting activities of moracins M and P/O were not retrieved by the VS. Structure-activity relationships of the isolated compounds are discussed as well as potential pitfalls and advantages of the applied strategies.

Survey and Evaluation of Leaf Spot Disease in Six Varieties of Mulberry (Morus sp).

Survey and Evaluation of Leaf Spot Disease in Six Varieties of Mulberry (Morus sp).

Glucosidase inhibitor from Umbilicaria esculenta.

Inhibitory activity toward beta-glucosidase was detected in extracts of the lichen, Umbilicaria esculenta. The extract showed strong inhibition of disaccharide hydrolytic enzymes of mold and mammalian origin, but weak or no inhibition of polysaccharide hydrolytic enzymes except glucoamylase and laminarinase. The inhibitor in the extract was very stable, retaining more than 95% of its activity when treated with heat, acid, alkali, and some hydrolytic enzymes. Purified inhibitor was identified as 1-deoxynojirimycin (1,5-dideoxy-1,5-immino-D-glucitol) by NMR spectrometry, which was known to be produced by Streptomyces sp. and the plant Morus sp. Extracts from Parmelia austrosinensis, Parmelia praesorediosa, and an unidentified lichen species, showed glucosidase inhibitory activities similar to U. esculenta.

Quality Characteristics of Four Mulberry (Morus sp) Cultivars in the Area of Chania, Greece

Four cultivars of mulberry, Morus sp (cvs Mavromournia (red-fruited), Mavri (black-fruited), Rodini (purple-fruited) and Aspri (white-fruited)) were harvested at three stages of harvest maturity (immature, mature and fully mature). The fruit were evaluated for fresh weight, firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and anthocyanin content and composition. Mavromournia mulberries significantly differed compared to the other cultivars in all quality characteristics and especially in titratable acidity and anthocyanin content. Cyanidin-3-grucorutinoside is responsible for about 60% of the fruit coloration. Mavromournia mulberries are fruit of excellent quality characteristics and have a great market potential as fresh or processed product. © 1997 SCI.