Emulsion Morphology Research Articles

Characterization of modified starch-based complexes-stabilized linolenic acid emulsions and their enhanced oxidative stability in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

A new approach of fabricating α-linolenic acid emulsions with enhanced oxidative stability in vitro digestion was established, using covalent octenyl succinic anhydride starch (OSAS)-soy protein (SP)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) complexes as emulsifiers. The physicochemical characteristics and surface morphology of emulsions were mainly characterized by rheological measurements, laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM). Results indicated that emulsions had dense interfacial layers and strong network structures. As a result, the stability and antioxidant ability of emulsions were improved significantly. In addition, the oxidative stability of emulsions in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was explored. Results showed that emulsions could maintain better oxidative stability owing to antioxidant activity of covalent OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes under gastrointestinal conditions. In particular, lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde contents of emulsions prepared by 1:4 complexes were lower than 0.35 mmol/L and 20.5 nmol/mL, respectively, approximately half those of emulsions stabilized by OSAS (0.65 mmol/L and 39.5 nmol/mL). It was indicated that covalent OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes could effectively inhibit α-linolenic acid oxidation in emulsions during vitro gastrointestinal digestion. This work will provide a theoretical basis for the development of α-linolenic acid emulsions, which will help to broaden application of α-linolenic acid in food industry.

A gentle conditioning agent consisted of oppositely-charged-induced cellulose nanocrystal and cationic cellulose: Stability, conditioning and delivery

The concerns about the health and environmental effects of the conditioning agent in current hair care products have attracted attention to seeking out a gentle and biosafe alternative, especially from nature. Cationic cellulose is a gentle conditioning agent from natural resource, but is rarely used in emulsion due to its hydrophilicity. In this study, cellulose-based complexes were prepared by opposite-charged-induced cellulose nanocrystals and cationic cellulose to replace cationic surfactants as conditioning agent. We demonstrated that the presence of cellulose nanocrystals effectively improved the emulsifying property of cationic cellulose, thereby could be used to prepare stable silicone oil emulsion. More importantly, by analyzing the relationship between emulsion morphology and the deposition of silicone oil, it was proposed for the first time that emulsion flocculation was positively correlated with deposition of silicone oil. Based on this, a method for rapid comparison of deposition of silicone oil was creatively proposed using ultraviolet absorbance of emulsion. Besides, we found that the resulting emulsion could be used as platform for delivery of essential oil to control the release of essential oil. In summary, this study has developed a gentle and clean cellulose-based complexes for personal care, which is expected to produce safer and cleaner emulsion to reduce potential health risks.

Synthesis of Cationic Starch Compound Emulsion by Graft Copolymerization with Tea Polyphenols and AEM5700

AbstractAn antibacterial biobased compound emulsion is prepared by modifying cationic oxidized starch grafted styrene‐acrylic emulsion with 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)‐propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (AEM5700) and tea polyphenols. The biobased compound emulsion exhibits better stability, chemical properties, and antibacterial properties. The structure and surface morphology of biobased compound emulsion are characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thermal stability of biobased compound emulsion is improved, which can be concluded from the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface morphology of film is observed by the atomic force microscope (AFM). The wetting property of emulsion film is tested by contact angle test. When the compound ratio is 1.5, the biobased antibacterial compound emulsion has better stability and antibacterial properties. Compared to a single antibacterial agent, the inhibition zone increases by 4–5.5 mm. In addition, the polymerization mechanism of the biobased antibacterial emulsion is analyzed.

Effect of solubilization with surfactant on the antioxidant activity of ellagic acid

Abstract Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables. However, its solubility in water is poor, which limits its application. To overcome this limitation, the surfactants Span 20 and Tween 60 are used to increase its solubility in water. FTIR, TEM and laser particle size and zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the morphology and structure of ellagic acid emulsions. The antioxidant activity of surfactant-compatible ellagic acid was determined using various antioxidant evaluation methods such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power and total antioxidant activity. The results indicate that the solubility of ellagic acid in water was improved by the addition of Span 20 and Tween 60, and ellagic acid formed complex particles in combination with Span 20 and Tween 60. Compared to pure ellagic acid, the antioxidant activity of ellagic acid lotion was significantly enhanced.

Modulating in vitro digestion of whey protein cold-set emulsion gels via gel properties modification with gallic acid and EGCG

Gallic acid (GA) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), cooperated at varied ratios (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1), were employed to modify gel properties of calcium induced-whey protein emulsion gel. The effects of GA/EGCG on emulsion morphology, as well as gel properties and in vitro digestive behavior of the emulsion gels were investigated. Compared with emulsions without phenolics, GA/EGCG induced slightly smaller particle size and stronger electrostatic repulsion between emulsion droplets. Moreover, GA/EGCG, notably at a ratio of 3:1, promoted electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between protein molecules and the formation of a compact and filamentous gel microstructure, resulting in a remarkable increment in the gel strength (up to 106 %). Furthermore, in vitro oral digestion, dynamic gastric digestion (using an artificial gastric digestive system, AGDS), and intestinal digestion of the emulsion gels were simulated. Particle size and protein hydrolysis results revealed that GA/EGCG was prone to weaken the physical disintegration of gels, reduce protein hydrolysis, and enhance the stability of emulsified oil droplets during dynamic gastric digestion. As a consequence, delayed release of oil droplets was observed in the gels and more free fatty acids were released in the intestinal digestion, particularly in the gel with GA/EGCG (3:1). These findings would provide novel strategies for application of phenolic compounds in developing protein gel-based delivery systems.

Modifying pickering polymerized high internal phase emulsion morphology by adjusting particle hydrophilicity

This study investigates the use of submicron polymeric particles with varying crosslinking densities as the sole stabilizer for producing Polymerized High Internal Phase Emulsions (PolyHIPE). We establish a direct correlation between the crosslinking density and the hydrophilicity of the polymer particles. The hydrophilicity of these particles significantly influences the morphology and rheology of HIPEs. These differences manifest as various morphological variations in the resulting PolyHIPE templates. It was discovered that by increasing the crosslinker weight percentage in the particles from 0 % to 100 %, PolyHIPEs with semi-open, open, and closed porous structures can be obtained. Furthermore, non-crosslinked particles were observed to dissolve in the continuous phase, acting as macromolecular surfactants that generate small pores akin to surfactant-stabilized structures in PolyHIPE. These findings offer fresh insights into the relationship between particle localization at the interface, HIPE rheology, and the formation of pore throats in Pickering PolyHIPEs, leading to the creation of either closed or open porous networks. Additionally, interfacial rheological results demonstrate that particles synthesized with varying monomer-to-crosslinker ratios exhibit different interfacial elasticities, which are linked to PolyHIPE morphology.

Aqueous Cationic Fluorinated Polyurethane for Application in Novel UV-Curable Cathodic Electrodeposition Coatings.

Aqueous polyurethane is an environmentally friendly, low-cost, high-performance resin with good abrasion resistance and strong adhesion. Cationic aqueous polyurethane is limited in cathodic electrophoretic coatings due to its complicated preparation process and its poor stability and single performance after emulsification and dispersion. The introduction of perfluoropolyether alcohol (PFPE-OH) and light curing technology can effectively improve the stability of aqueous polyurethane emulsions, and thus enhance the functionality of coating films. In this paper, a new UV-curable fluorinated polyurethane-based cathodic electrophoretic coating was prepared using cationic polyurethane as a precursor, introducing PFPE-OH capping, and grafting hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The results showed that the presence of perfluoropolyether alcohol in the structure affected the variation of the moisture content of the paint film after flash evaporation. Based on the emulsion particle size and morphology tests, it can be assumed that the fluorinated cationic polyurethane emulsion is a core-shell structure with hydrophobic ends encapsulated in the polymer and hydrophilic ends on the outer surface. After abrasion testing and baking, the fluorine atoms of the coating were found to increase from 8.89% to 27.34%. The static contact angle of the coating to water was 104.6 ± 3°, and the water droplets rolled off without traces, indicating that the coating is hydrophobic. The coating has excellent thermal stability and tensile properties. The coating also passed the tests of impact resistance, flexibility, adhesion, and resistance to chemical corrosion in extreme environments. This study provides a new idea for the construction of a new and efficient cathodic electrophoretic coating system, and also provides more areas for the promotion of cationic polyurethane to practical applications.

5-Fluorouracil and Anti-EGFR antibody scaffold chitosan-stabilized Pickering emulsion: Formulations, physical characterization, in-vitro studies in NCL-H226 cells, and in-vivo investigations in Wistar rats for the augmented therapeutic effects against squamous cell carcinoma

This research seeks to optimize a chitosan-stabilized Pickering emulsion (PE) containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a potential Squamous Cell Carcinoma therapy. The 5-Fluorouracil was also thoroughly analysed using UV spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC, demonstrating exceptional linearity, sensitivity, precision, and robustness. The techniques of characterization revealed Pickering emulsion (PE) morphology, solid-like gel properties, successful encapsulation, and promising anticancer effects. FTIR was used to validate the efficacy of encapsulation, and DSC was used to confirm the post-encapsulation drug stability. The 0.6 % chitosan-stabilized PE showed exceptional stability and drug loading efficiency. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE gel was developed for sustained drug release in the treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE demonstrated potent anticancer effects in vitro, with a lower IC50 than 5-FU and 5-FU-CS-PE. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-PE Pickering emulsions based on chitosan were investigated for their rheological properties, cellular interactions, and therapeutic potential. Both emulsions and gel exhibited sustained in vitro drug release after successful encapsulation. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited the migration of cancer cells. Wistar mice were tested for safety and tumour growth inhibition. All formulations exhibited exceptional six-month stability. Anti-EGFR-5-FU-CS-PE emerges as a viable therapeutic option, necessitating additional research.

Morphology of Anisotropic Banded Structures in an Emulsion under Simple Shear

The formation of flow-induced, oriented structures in two-phase systems, as in this study, is a phenomenon of considerable interest to the scientific and industrial sectors. The main difficulty in understanding the formation of bands of droplets is the simultaneous interplay of physicochemical, hydrodynamic, and mechanical effects. Additionally, banded structure materials frequently show multiple length scales covering several decades as a result of complex time-dependent stress fields. Here, to facilitate understanding a subset of these structures, we studied water in oil emulsions and focused on the effects of three variables specifically: the confinement factor (Co=2R/H), the viscosity ratio (p), and the applied shear rate (γ˙). The confinement (Co) is the ratio between the drop’s diameter (2R) and the separation of (the gap between) the circular rotating disks (H) containing the emulsion. We carried out (a) observations of the induced structure under different simple shear rates, as well as (b) statistical and morphological analysis of these bands. At low shear rates, the system self-assembles into bands along the direction of the flow and stacked normal to the velocity gradient direction. At higher shear rates is possible to observe bands normal to the vorticity direction. Here, we show that a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the band structures is amenable, as well as measurements of flow field anomalies simultaneously observed. The local emulsion viscosity varies in time, increasing in regions of higher droplet concentration and subsequently inducing velocity components perpendicular to the main flow direction. Thus, the emulsion morphology evolves and changes macroscopically. A relatively plausible explanation is attributed to the competitive effects of coalescence and the rupture of drops, where p values less than one predominate coalescence.

The emulsions stabilized by Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid/asphaltene/hydrolyzed polyacrylamide: Emulsion morphology, stability, and rheology

Aqueous mixtures of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) are commonly used to enhance oilfield recovery. These two components coupled with asphaltenes (ASP) in crude oil, play a key role in stabilizing the emulsions produced during oil recovery. In this study, the stability of emulsions made with ASP, DBSA, and HPAM as emulsifiers was examined. We discovered that the three ingredients were synergistically adsorbed at the oil–water interface with a synergistic index of 1.075 for interfacial tension (IFT). HPAM enhanced the viscosity and increased the anion content of the dispersed system in the emulsion. DBSA acted as the main anionic surfactant, benefiting to form and stabilize the emulsion droplets. ASP was adsorbed at the oil–water interface to form a rigid interfacial film. When the three ingredients co-existed, they formed a complex adsorption unit with synergistic adsorption, in which DBSA dominated. As the concentration of the three ingredients increased, the emulsion stability showed a trend of enhancing first and then decreasing. This study is dedicated to providing a theoretical basis for the elucidation of the stability of the oil–water system in oil sludge containing polymers.

High-intensity ultrasound modified the functional properties of Neosalanx taihuensis myofibrillar protein and improved its emulsion stability

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity ultrasound treatment on the functional properties and emulsion stability of Neosalanx taihuensis myofibrillar protein (MP). The results showed that the carbonyl groups, emulsification properties, intrinsic fluorescence intensity, and surface hydrophobicity of the ultrasound treated MP solution were increased compared to the MP without ultrasound treatment. The results of secondary structure showed that the ultrasound treatment could cause a huge increase of β-sheet and a decline of α-helix of MP, indicating that ultrasound induced molecular unfolding and stretching. Moreover, ultrasound reduced the content of total sulfhydryl and led to a certain degree of MP cross-linking. The microscopic morphology of MP emulsion indicated that the emulsion droplet decreased with the increase of ultrasound power. In addition, ultrasound could also increase the storage modulus of the MP emulsion. The results for the lipid oxidation products indicated that ultrasound significantly improved the oxidative stability of N. taihuensis MP emulsions. This study offers an important reference theoretically for the ultrasound modification of aquatic proteins and the future development of N. taihuensis deep-processed products represented by surimi.

Effect of solvent type on porous structure of emulsion templated poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate

Polymerised emulsion templating is a common method for the fabrication of biomaterials with interconnected porous structures. Here, we present the fabrication of poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate (PGSM) porous structures via emulsion templating. The mixing speed and photoinitiator concentration for emulsions were optimised (350 rpm, 16 wt%, respectively). The resulting emulsion separation before/after mixing and pore morphology of PGSM emulsions was then assessed by altering the emulsion formulation using four different types of diluting solvent (chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, toluene) for the first time. By altering the type and volume of solvents, the overall pore morphology of polymerised emulsions was tuned.

Ferrofluid double emulsion generation and manipulation under magnetic fields

Magnetically controlled double emulsions offer a promising tool for targeted drug delivery. Here, the effect of a non-uniform magnetic field induced by a permanent magnet on ferrofluid double emulsion generation and morphology is studied. In the numerical part, the double emulsion (and its ferrofluid core) migration was analyzed for different transverse distances of the magnet from the channel centerline (Ly) and different core and shell diameters. In the experimental part, water-based ferrofluid is encapsulated in a UV-curable polymer phase in water, forming a W/O/W double emulsion. As the magnet’s downstream distance from the ferrofluid junction reduces, the core aspect ratio increases while its diameter decreases. Finally, the core eccentricity was calibrated with Ly, and by shining a UV light, this core eccentricity was affixed inside the UV-curable medium. These double emulsions can then rearrange and orient under a uniform magnetic field for more efficient targeted drug delivery.

Interaction between a rising bubble and a stationary droplet immersed in a liquid pool using a ternary conservative phase-field lattice Boltzmann method.

When a stationary bubble and a stationary droplet immersed in a liquid pool are brought into contact, they form a bubble-droplet aggregate. Its equilibrium morphology and stability largely depend on the combination of different components' surface tensions, known as the "spreading factor." In this study, we look at the interaction between a rising bubble and a stationary droplet to better understand the dynamics of coalescence and rising and morphological changes for the bubble-droplet aggregate. A systematic study is conducted on the interaction processes with various bubble sizes and spreading factors in two dimensions. The current simulation framework consists of the ternary conservative phase-field lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for interface tracking and the velocity-pressure LBM for hydrodynamics, which is validated by benchmark cases such as the liquid lens and parasitic currents around a static droplet with several popular surface tension formulations. We further test our LBM for the morphology changes of two droplets initially in contact with various spreading factors and depict the final morphologies in a phase diagram. The separated, partially engulfed, and completely engulfed morphologies can be replicated by systematically altering the sign of the spreading factors. The rising bubble and stationary droplet interaction are simulated based on the final morphologies obtained under stationary conditions by imposing an imaginary buoyancy force on the rising bubble. The results indicate that the bubble-droplet aggregate with double emulsion morphology can minimize the distortion of the bubble-droplet aggregate and achieve a greater terminal velocity than the aggregate with partially engulfed morphology.

Determination of the Emulsion Stabilization Mechanisms of Quaternized Glucan of Curdlan via Rheological and Interfacial Characterization

Interfacial-active quaternized glucan of curdlan (QCD) with different degrees of substitution (DS) was prepared and used as stabilizers of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions at different concentrations. The adsorption behavior of QCDs, rheology of bulk emulsions and interfacial films, emulsion morphology, and stability were investigated. The emulsifying capacity of QCD was essentially related to the viscoelastic features of the interfacial film and the continuous phase and the electrostatic repulsion among oil droplets. QCD molecules with different DS form structurally different interfacial films. The high-DS QCD formed a viscously predominant interfacial film with certain hydrophobicity, whereas the low-DS QCD molecules formed an elastically predominant film characterized by hydrogen bonds among adsorbed chains. The structuralization of low-DS QCD molecules through physical cross-linking in bulk and interfacial films at high concentrations was conducive to emulsion stability. Excess QCD chains in the bulk formed a weak gel-like network, further hindering the movement of droplets in the emulsions. Relevant emulsification and stability mechanisms were proposed. Finally, the stability of curcumin encapsulated in O/W emulsions was evaluated.

Improving emulsifying properties using mixed natural emulsifiers: Tea saponin and golden pompano protein

Emulsion stability could be improved by combining two natural emulsifiers. In this research, we studied the potential of combining golden pompano protein (GPP) and tea saponin (TS) on the O/W emulsion properties. At first, we investigated the influence of TS addition on the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, free sulfhydryl content and fluorescence spectrum of the GPP. With the increase of TS addition, the content of α-helix decreased and the content of β-sheet increased, the free sulfhydryl content was also increased. We also determined the interfacial tension of GPP, TS and GPP-TS mixture. TS had stronger ability to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension. And the viscoelasticity of GPP-TS emulsion increased with the addition of TS, which might be due to the thickening effect of emulsifiers. These results indicated that the interaction between GPP and TS molecules was enhanced, which further increased the adsorption rate of GPP at the oil/water interface, reduced the interfacial tension, and improved the emulsification properties of the GPP-TS mixture. Compared with GPP emulsion, the mixed interfacial layer of GPP-TS emulsions got thicker and the steric repulsion become stronger. In addition, emulsion morphology was also affected by pH condition. GPP-TS emulsion droplets carried a great amount of net surface charge at alkaline condition, resulting in stronger electrostatic repulsion force and the emulsion distributed more uniformly. Rheological properties measurement indicated that the increase of TS addition increased the emulsion viscosity, thereby improving the emulsion stability. Our research demonstrated that the addition of TS could improve the GPP functional properties, and the GPP-TS mixture could form a more stable emulsion. This study showed that food-grade binary surfactant mixtures can be used to form stable emulsions with properties being tunable by altering the mixing ratios between surfactants. This mixed system demonstrated great potential as functional protein ingredient to control emulsion-type meat products or design of protein-based emulsion delivery systems in the food industry.

Insight into different roles of chitin nanocrystals and cellulose nanocrystals towards stabilizing Pickering emulsions

Rod-like polysaccharide particles such as chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been widely used for the preparation of Pickering emulsion. Both are believed playing good role of particle emulsifiers. However, these two kinds of nanocrystals have completely different surface properties: electronegative CNC is more hydrophilic and has higher surface charge level as compared to electropositive ChNC. To reveal their difference as emulsifiers in Pickering emulsions is therefore of interest. In this work, ChNCs and CNCs with the same structural parameters (aspect ratio = 28) were used to prepare olive oil- in -water emulsions for a comparative study. The two kinds of nanocrystals show the same mechanical state in emulsions, behaving like rigid rods, instead flexible fibers because they have 10 4 level of effective stiffness. Therefore, their roles of emulsifying oil/water system are dominated by their surface properties: ChNCs reveal higher emulsifying capacity relative to CNCs due to better ChNC-oil affinity, and can even emulsify the oil/water (7/3 w/w) system with high oil fractions. However, ChNC-stabilized emulsions are not that stable to centrifugation as compared to CNC-stabilized emulsions at low oil fractions due to the formation of the cluster structure resulted from less coating of droplets. Thus, the former reveals higher strain sensitivity and stronger thixotropy than the latter in shear flow. The correlation between viscoelasticity and morphology/phase behavior of the two kinds of Pickering systems was assessed, then. This work provides valuable information on formulating preparation of Pickering emulsions by using different types of rod-like polysaccharide nanocrystals. • CNCs and ChNCs have different roles towards emulsifying oil- in -water system. • ChNC has better emulsifying capacity and can emulsify high-oil-fraction system. • CNC-stabilized emulsions are stabler as compared to the ChNC-stabilized ones. • The morphology of emulsions can be well tuned by using different nanocrystals.

Application of yellow mustard mucilage and starch in nanoencapsulation of thymol and carvacrol by emulsion electrospray

Starch/water soluble yellow mustard mucilage nanocapsules loaded with thymol and carvacrol (TC) were developed using electrospray atomization. Emulsions were electrosprayed, aiming to generate nanocapsules with a controlled release behavior of TC for antimicrobial packaging applications. To understand the effect of water soluble yellow mustard mucilage (WSM) on the nanocapsules, the emulsion viscosity, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, molecular interactions, and release kinetics were evaluated. Surface and internal morphological analysis revealed that nanocapsules were non-porous with minimal surface shrinkages and had inner multicore spheres within a solid wall layer. Encapsulation efficiency ranged from 61.17 to 84.10 %, increasing at higher TC contents. Fourier transform spectroscopy confirmed the molecular interaction between wall materials. The release kinetics of encapsulated TC (30 % w/w) followed a Fickian diffusion mechanism and a controlled release pattern up to 120 h. Results indicated that the addition of WSM can modulate the release kinetics of bioactives and achieve a controlled release pattern.

The use of bacterial cellulose from kombucha to produce curcumin loaded Pickering emulsion with improved stability and antioxidant properties

Curcumin is a bioactive molecule with limited industrial application because of its instability and poor solubility in water. Herein, curcumin-loaded Pickering emulsion was produced using purified bacterial cellulose from fermented kombucha (KBC). The morphology, particle size, stability, rheological properties, and antioxidant activities of the curcumin-loaded Pickering emulsion were investigated. The fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the curcumin-loaded Pickering emulsion formed circular droplets with good encapsulation. The curcumin-load Pickering emulsion exhibited better stability under a wide range of temperatures, low pH, sunlight, and UV-365 nm than the free curcumin, indicating that the KBC after high-pressure homogenization improved the stability of the CPE. The encapsulated curcumin retained its antioxidant capacity and exhibited higher functional potential than the free curcumin. The study demonstrated that the KBC could be an excellent material for preparing a Pickering emulsion to improve curcumin stability and antioxidant activity.

Fabrication and Characterization of W/O/W Emulgels by Sipunculus nudus Salt-Soluble Proteins: Co-Encapsulation of Vitamin C and β-Carotene.

W/O/W emulsions can be used to encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic bioactive as nutritional products. However, studies on protein stabilized gel-like W/O/W emulsions have rarely been reported, compared to the liquid state multiple emulsions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different oil–water ratios on the stability of W/O/W emulgels fabricated with salt-soluble proteins (SSPs) of Sipunculus nudus. The physical stability, structural characteristics, rheological properties, and encapsulation stability of vitamin C and β-carotene of double emulgels were investigated. The addition of W/O primary emulsion was determined to be 10% after the characterization of the morphology of double emulsion. The results of microstructure and rheological properties showed that the stability of W/O/W emulgels increased with the increasing concentration of SSPs. Additionally, the encapsulation efficiency of vitamin C and β-carotene were more than 87%, and 99%, respectively, and still could maintain around 50% retention of the antioxidant capacity after storage for 28 days at 4 °C. The aforementioned findings demonstrate that stable W/O/W emulgels are a viable option for active ingredients with an improvement in shelf stability and protection of functional activity.